JP5400147B2 - 冷却するための方法および装置 - Google Patents
冷却するための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
- H05K7/20827—Liquid cooling with phase change within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. air conditioning devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
- F25B2400/0403—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/18—Optimization, e.g. high integration of refrigeration components
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/11—Fan speed control
- F25B2600/111—Fan speed control of condenser fans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/11—Fan speed control
- F25B2600/112—Fan speed control of evaporator fans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/13—Mass flow of refrigerants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Description
1. 発明の分野
発明の実施形態は、概して、データセンター、機器室、または配線クローゼットなどの部屋を冷却するための装置および方法に関する。具体的には、本発明の局面は、データ処理、ネットワーキングおよび電気通信機器を収納するために使用されるラックと筺体とを含むデータセンター、より特定的には、このようなラックおよび筺体によって収納されている機器を冷却するのに使用される冷却システムおよび方法に関する。
異なる製造業者によって製造された標準的なラックに取付けることができるラック取付け可能機器を機器製造業者が設計できるようにするために、多くの異なる規格が長年にわたって開発されてきた。標準的なラックは、典型的に正面取付けレールを含み、サーバおよびCPUなどの多数の電子機器ユニットが該レールに取付けられ、ラック内で縦に積重ねられる。例示的な業界標準ラックは、高さおよそ6〜6.5フィート、幅約24インチ、および深さ約40インチである。このようなラックは、米国電子工業会(Electronics Industries Associations)のEIA−310−D規格によって規定されているように、一般に「19インチ」ラックと称される。
発明の一局面は、冷却ユニットの検知可能冷却能力を算出する方法に向けられる。ある実施形態において、当該方法は、コンプレッサの容量を取得するステップと、コンプレッサの容量からコンプレッサの熱損失を減算するステップと、コンプレッサの容量から潜在的冷却能力を減算するステップと、コンプレッサの容量からファンの電力損失を減算するステップとを含む。当該方法の実施形態はさらに、冷却ユニットのパラメータを測定することによって冷却ユニットの能力を最適化するステップと、測定されたパラメータに基づいて冷却ユニットの構成要素を操作するステップとを含み得る。当該方法はさらに、冷却ユニットに入る空気の入口空気温度を検知するステップと、冷却ユニットを出る空気の出口空気温度を検知するステップとを含み得る。当該方法は、冷却ユニットに入る空気の空気流量を制御するステップも含み得る。
Qtotalは総冷却能力(W)、
Qcomp lossはコンプレッサの熱損失(W)、
Cは凝結物生成率(lbs/時)、
1052.6は1ポンドの水を凝結させるのに必要なエネルギー量、
0.2928104はBTU/時をワットに変換、
1000はワットをキロワットに変換する。
MはARI−540の質量流量係数を使用することによって算出される冷媒の質量流量(kg/秒)、
hsuction gasはエバポレータコイル入口でのガス冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
hmix evaporator inletはエバポレータコイル入口での混合冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
Mbypassはバイパス弁を介して迂回される冷媒の質量流量(kg/秒)、
hhot gasはコンプレッサ出口での高温のガス冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、および
hliquidは膨張弁入口での液体冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)である。
添付の図面は、縮尺どおりに描かれるとは意図されていない。図面において、様々な図に例示される同一またはほとんど同一の構成要素は同じ数字によって表される。明確にする目的で、あらゆる図面においてあらゆる構成要素がラベリングされるとは限らない。
本発明の用途は、以下の説明に記載されるか、または図面に例示される構造の詳細および構成要素の配置に限定されない。発明は、他の実施形態が可能であり、様々な方法で実行することが可能である。また、ここで使用される表現および用語は、説明のためであり、限定的と見なされるべきではない。ここでの「含む」、「備える」、または「有する」、「包含する」、「伴う」、ならびにそれらの変形の使用は、その後に列挙される項目と、それらの均等物、および追加的な項目を包括的に含むことが意味される。
Qactualはワット単位の実際の電力出力、
CFMactualは立方フィート/分単位のエバポレータを介する気流、
Tsは°F単位の供給空気温度、
3415はkWをBTU/時に変換、
1.08は定電力である。
CFMactualは立方フィート/分単位のエバポレータを介する気流である。
ΔTsetは冷却ユニット両端の所望の温度デルタである。
速度割合=(CFMDMD/1200)*100 (5)
ここで、速度割合はエバポレータファン速度、
1200は立方フィート/分単位の最大気流である。
冷却能力=コンプレッサ冷却能力−エバポレータファンの熱−潜在的な冷却 (6)
冷却ユニット10のコントローラおよび構成要素は、コンプレッサ30に固有の係数と、冷却剤気化温度と、冷却剤凝結温度とを有する多項式を採用することによって構成され得る。具体的には、データセンターまたは機器室で使用される各冷却ユニット10について、コンプレッサ30は、冷却出力、質量流量、エネルギー効率定格、および電流引込みを算出するための一組の係数を有する。各組は最大10個の係数で構成され得、その結果、コンプレッサ冷却能力は、コントローラに設けられるファームウェアによって算出され得る。冷却剤圧力は、圧力トランスデューサによって測定され、気化温度および凝結温度は、冷却剤気化圧力および凝結圧力から、および/または温度センサによって算出され得る。
一実施形態において、基本式(6)に基づいて冷却能力を判定するために、冷却能力は以下の式を採用することによって判定され得る:
Qcompはコンプレッサの性能、
Qcomp lossはコンプレッサの熱損失、
1052.6は1ポンドの水を凝結させるのに必要なエネルギー量、
CRは凝結物生成率、
0.2928104はBTU/時をワットに変換、
Pfはファン電力である。
Cはコンプレッサの性能を表す式係数、
Sは°C単位の吸引露点温度、
Dは°C単位の吐出露点温度である。
ARI−540多項式(8)を採用する多項式(7)を用いて、冷却ユニットの容量は以下のように算出され得る。式(8)は、60Hzのコンプレッサを使用した冷却ユニットについて表1に識別される以下の係数を想定して採用される:
Pfは300ワット、
CRは1.6ポンド/時、
Qcomp lossは150ワットである。
気化圧力は136psig、
吐出圧力は438psig、
吸引露点温度は47.1°F、
吐出露点温度は123.9°Fである。
別の実施形態では、以下の式を採用することによって冷却ユニットの冷却能力が判定され得る:
1000はワットをキロワットに変換、
CpはBTU/lb−°F単位の空気の比熱、
Qcomp lossはコンプレッサの熱損失、
DTairは供給および戻り空気温度の差、
SCFMは所与のファン速度での推定標準体積流量、
0.075はlb/ft3単位の標準空気密度、
Pfはファン電力である。
さらに別の実施例において、以下の式を採用することによって冷却ユニットの冷却能力が判定され得る:
Pcは正味の冷却能力、
Qcompはコンプレッサの性能、
Qcomp lossはコンプレッサの熱損失、
1052.6は1ポンドの水を凝結させるのに必要なエネルギー量、
0.2928104はBTU/時をワットに変換、
Pfはファン電力、
CRは凝結物生成、
Cpは空気の比熱、
DTairはコンデンサに入る空気温度とコンデンサから出る空気温度との差、
Pcompはコンプレッサの電力消費、
1000はワットをキロワットに変換、
SCFMは所与のファン速度での推定標準体積流量、
0.075は標準空気密度である。
さらに別の実施例において、以下の式を利用することによって冷却能力が判定され得る:
Qtotalは総冷却能力、
Qcomp lossはコンプレッサの熱損失、
1052.6は1ポンドの水を凝結させるのに必要なエネルギー量、
CRは凝結物生成、
0.2928104はBTU/時をワットに変換、
Pfはファン電力、
1000はワットをキロワットに変換、
Qtotalは総冷却能力、
Mは冷却剤の質量流量、
hsuction gasはエバポレータコイル出口での冷却剤のエンタルピー、
hliquidは感温膨張弁入口での冷却剤のエンタルピーである。
さらなる実施形態では、以下の式を採用することによって冷却能力が判定され得る:
Qtotalは総冷却能力(W)、
Qcomp lossはコンプレッサの熱損失(W)、
Cは凝結物生成率(lbs/時)、
Pfはファン電力(W)、
MはARI−540質量流量係数を使用することによって算出される冷媒の質量流量(kg/秒)、
hsuction gasはエバポレータコイル入口でのガス冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
hmix evaporator inletはエバポレータコイル入口での混合冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
Mbypassはバイパス弁を介して迂回される冷媒の質量流量(kg/秒)、
hhot gasはコンプレッサ出口での高温のガス冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
hliquidは膨張弁入口での液体冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
1052.6は1ポンドの水を凝結させるのに必要なエネルギー量、
0.2928104はBTU/時をワットに変換、
1000はワットをキロワットに変換する。
TEは気化温度(°F)、
TCは凝結温度(°F)である。
Tsuctionは吸引ガス温度(°F)である。
TLiquidは液体冷媒温度(°F)である。
高温ガスバイパス弁が50%未満開いている場合、または高温ガスバイパス弁が50%より大きく開いており、凝結圧力と気化圧力との差圧が220psi未満の場合、
Pcondensingは吐出または凝結圧力(psig)である。
Claims (12)
- コンプレッサと、前記コンプレッサに流体連通するコンデンサと、前記コンデンサに流体連通する熱膨張弁と、前記熱膨張弁に流体連通するエバポレータと、前記コンプレッサおよび前記エバポレータに流体連通する高温ガスバイパス弁とを備える種類の冷却ユニットの正味の検知可能冷却能力を算出する方法であって、前記方法は、
前記コンプレッサからの流体の吐出圧力および前記エバポレータからの吸引圧力を測定するステップと、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体の凝結温度および前記エバポレータから流れる流体の気化温度を算出するステップと、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体の質量流量を算出するステップと、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体、前記熱膨張弁から流れる流体、および前記エバポレータから流れる流体のエンタルピーを算出するステップと、
前記高温ガスバイパス弁を介して流れる流体の質量流量を算出するステップと、
正味の検知可能冷却能力を算出するステップとを含み、
前記正味の検知可能冷却能力を算出するステップは、以下の式:
を採用することによって判定され、
ここで、Pcは正味の検知可能冷却能力(kW)、
Qtotalは総冷却能力(W)、
Qcomp lossは前記コンプレッサの熱損失(W)、
Cは凝結物生成率(lbs/時)、
1052.6は1ポンドの水を凝結させるのに必要なエネルギー量、
0.2928104はBTU/時をワットに変換、
1000はワットをキロワットに変換し、
前記総冷却能力は、以下の式:
を採用することによって判定され、
ここで、Qtotalは前記総冷却能力(W)、
MはARI−540の質量流量係数を使用することによって算出される冷媒の質量流量(kg/秒)、
hsuction gasはエバポレータコイル入口でのガス冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
hmix evaporator inletはエバポレータコイル入口での混合冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)、
Mbypassはバイパス弁を介して迂回される冷媒の質量流量(kg/秒)、
hhot gasは前記コンプレッサの出口での高温のガス冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)
、および
hliquidは前記膨張弁入口での液体冷媒のエンタルピー(W/kg)である、方法。 - 正味の検知可能冷却を算出するステップは、総冷却を算出するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記バイパス弁のパラメータを測定するステップと、前記パラメータが所定のしきい値を上回ると前記バイパス弁の動作を操作するステップとをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記パラメータは差圧である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記差圧の判定は、吐出圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することと、吸引圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することとによって達成される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの冷却ユニットを含む冷却装置であって、各前記冷却ユニットは、
コンプレッサと、
前記コンプレッサに流体連通するコンデンサと、
前記コンデンサに流体連通する熱膨張弁と、
前記熱膨張弁に流体連通するエバポレータと、
前記コンプレッサおよび前記エバポレータに流体連通する高温ガスバイパス弁と、
前記コンプレッサおよび前記コンデンサ、ならびに前記エバポレータおよび前記コンプレッサの間に配備された複数の温度および圧力検知装置に連結されたコントローラとを備え、前記コントローラは、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体の凝結温度および前記エバポレータから流れる流体の気化温度を算出し、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体の質量流量を算出し、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体、前記熱膨張弁から流れる流体、および前記エバポレータから流れる流体のエンタルピーを算出し、
前記高温ガスバイパス弁を介して流れる流体の質量流量を算出し、かつ
各上記算出値を用いて各対応の冷却ユニットの正味の検知可能冷却能力を算出するように構成され、
これらの算出は、各前記冷却ユニットにおいて行われ、
各前記冷却ユニットのコントローラは、前記高温ガスバイパス弁の高温ガスを前記エバポレータに迂回させることにより前記正味の検知可能冷却能力を低下させ、かつ
各前記冷却ユニットのコントローラは、前記バイパス弁の差圧であるパラメータを測定し、前記パラメータが所定のしきい値より高いときに前記高温ガスバイパス弁の動作を制御するプログラム制御ループを備えるファームウェアを含み、
前記差圧の決定は、吐出圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定しかつ吸引圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することにより実現される、冷却装置。 - 前記コントローラはさらに、前記コンプレッサからの流体の吐出圧力および前記エバポレータからの吸引圧力の測定値を処理するように構成される、請求項6に記載の冷却装置。
- 前記高温ガスバイパス弁を介して流れる流体の質量流量は、前記高温ガスバイパス弁の両端の差圧を測定することと、該高温ガスバイパス弁を有する冷却ユニットそれぞれについて作成された公式を採用することとによって算出される、請求項6に記載の冷却装置。
- 前記差圧の判定は、吐出圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することと、吸引圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することとによって達成される、請求項8に記載の冷却装置。
- コンピュータ読取可能媒体であって、各冷却ユニットのコントローラに、
コンプレッサからの流体の吐出圧力およびエバポレータからの吸引圧力の測定を処理させ、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体の凝結温度および前記エバポレータから流れる流体の気化温度を算出させ、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体の質量流量を算出させ、
前記コンプレッサから流れる流体、熱膨張弁から流れる流体、および前記エバポレータから流れる流体のエンタルピーを算出させ、
高温ガスバイパス弁を介して流れる流体の質量流量を算出させ、かつ
各上記算出値を用いて各冷却ユニットの正味の検知可能冷却能力を算出させる指示を含む指示のシーケンスが格納され、
これらの算出は各冷却ユニットのコントローラによって実行され、
各冷却ユニットのコントローラは、前記高温ガスバイパス弁の高温ガスを前記エバポレータに迂回させることにより前記正味の検知可能冷却能力を低下させ、かつ
各前記冷却ユニットのコントローラは、前記バイパス弁の差圧であるパラメータを測定し、前記パラメータが所定のしきい値より高いときに前記高温ガスバイパス弁の動作を制御するプログラム制御ループを備えるファームウェアを含み、
前記差圧の決定は、吐出圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定しかつ吸引圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することにより実現される、コンピュータ読取可能媒体。 - 前記高温ガスバイパス弁を介して流れる流体の質量流量は、前記高温ガスバイパス弁の両端の差圧を測定することと、該高温ガスバイパス弁を有する冷却ユニットそれぞれについて作成された公式を採用することとによって算出される、請求項10に記載のコンピュータ読取可能媒体。
- 前記差圧の判定は、吐出圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することと、吸引圧力センサを介して流れる流体の圧力を測定することとによって達成される、請求項11に記載の冷却ユニット。
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US9115916B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
WO2009151841A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
CN103175356A (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
CN103175356B (zh) | 2015-09-30 |
EP2313714B1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
CA2727205A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
WO2009151841A8 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
US20130139530A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
CN102112826B (zh) | 2013-02-27 |
JP2011523026A (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
AU2009257922B2 (en) | 2014-07-10 |
US8322155B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 |
EP2313714A1 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
US20080245083A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
AU2009257922A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
CN102112826A (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
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