JP5313867B2 - カンプトテシン−細胞透過性ペプチド複合体及びそれを含む医薬組成物 - Google Patents
カンプトテシン−細胞透過性ペプチド複合体及びそれを含む医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5313867B2 JP5313867B2 JP2009502255A JP2009502255A JP5313867B2 JP 5313867 B2 JP5313867 B2 JP 5313867B2 JP 2009502255 A JP2009502255 A JP 2009502255A JP 2009502255 A JP2009502255 A JP 2009502255A JP 5313867 B2 JP5313867 B2 JP 5313867B2
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- cancer
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- VUFNRPJNRFOTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1-[4-[(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)methyl]cyclohexanecarbonyl]oxy-2,5-dioxopyrrolidine-3-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])CC(=O)N1OC(=O)C1CCC(CN2C(C=CC2=O)=O)CC1 VUFNRPJNRFOTGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JUJBNYBVVQSIOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-[2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)tetrazol-2-ium-5-yl]benzene-1,3-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1N1[N+](C=2C=CC(I)=CC=2)=NC(C=2C(=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=N1 JUJBNYBVVQSIOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003787 sorafenib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011146 sterile filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002536 stromal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002511 suppository base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011191 terminal modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000004192 tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])OC([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000440 toxicity profile Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005751 tumor progression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005760 tumorsuppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001493 tyrosinyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])(N([H])[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 210000003932 urinary bladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000005500 uronium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000004291 uterus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
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Description
カンプトテシン(CPT)は、1960年代に発見された、カンプトテカ・アキュミナタ(Camtpotheca acuminata)木から抽出されたアルカロイドである(Wallら,J.Amer.Chem.Soc.88:3888−3890(1966))。この水に不溶性の分子は、非常に強力な抗腫瘍活性を示したが、臨床におけるその利用は、非常に強力な膀胱毒性及び重度の下痢のために制限された(Gottliebら,Cancer Chemother.Rep.54:461−470(1970);Moertelら,Cancer Chemother.Rep.56:95−101(1972))。構造−活性試験は、現在市販されている2種の水溶性の抗−新生物形成性誘導体を同定した:イリノテカン(CPT−11,Campto(登録商標),Camptosar(登録商標))及びトポテカン(Hycamtin(登録商標)、水溶性カンプトテシン誘導体)。これら2種の分子は、DNAの1本鎖破壊を誘導し、その後DNA複製を妨害する、DNAトポイソメラーゼIの特異的阻害剤である(Hsiangら,J.Biol.Chem.260:14873−14878(1985);Kawatoら,Cancer Res.51:4187−4191(1991);Satohら,Biol.Pharm.Bull.17:662−664(1994))。
第一の態様に従い、本発明は、担体部分に連結された薬物部分を含む複合体に関し、ここで該担体部分は、ペイロード(例えば薬物部分)の細胞又は組織への透過を促進し、かつ溶解度を増大し、薬物動態、代謝及び組織分布特性を修飾し、並びに/又は薬物耐性の発生を減少する能力を有する、ペプチド又はそれらの類似体を含み、並びにこの薬物部分は、任意のカンプトテシン、それらの類似体又は誘導体である。該ペプチド又はそれらの類似体は、本明細書において細胞透過性ペプチド(CPP)とも称される。
特定の実施態様に従い、本発明は、好ましくはリンカー基により、担体部分へ連結された、少なくとも1種のカンプトテシン、それらの類似体又は誘導体、より好ましくは化合物SN38を含む複合体を提供する。
この複合体の塩は、特に塩基付加塩又は酸付加塩であり、好ましくは医薬用途に適合可能である。医薬として許容される無機酸の中で、非限定的例は、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硫酸、リン酸、及び硝酸を含む。医薬として許容される有機酸の中で、非限定的例は、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、乳酸、ピルビン酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、フマル酸、酒石酸、マレイン酸、クエン酸、安息香酸、アスコルビン酸、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、2−ヒドロキシエタンスルホン酸及び樟脳酸である。医薬として許容される塩基の中で、非限定的例は、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、トリエチルアミン及びtert−ブチルアミンである。好ましくは本発明の複合体は、塩酸塩の形である。
用語「リンカー」又は「クロスリンカー」は、本明細書において互換的に使用され、2つの部分が一緒に複合/連結しかつ1個又は複数の原子を含む鎖を意味する。
C(X1)p[(X)o(B)n(X)sBX(X)rXB]m(X2)qC (I)
(式中、
X1及びX2は独立して、1〜20個のアミノ酸のアミノ酸配列であり;p及びqは独立して、0〜5の間の整数、好ましくは0又は1であり;
Bは独立して、塩基性アミノ酸であり;Xは独立して、非−塩基性アミノ酸であり;
Cは、独立して存在しないか、又は複合体の残りの部分に連結されたチオエーテル結合を含むいずれかの部分であり、好ましくはこの部分はシステイン又はシステアミンであり;
mは、1又は2であり;
nは、1、2又は3であり;
oは、0又は1であり;
rは、0又は1であり;
sは、0、1、2又は3である)。
−oは、1であり、及び/又は
−p及び/もしくはqは、1であり、並びに/又は
−X1は、3〜12個のアミノ酸の配列であり、及び/又は
−X2は、2〜10個のアミノ酸の配列であり、及び/又は
−rは、0であり、及び/又は
−mは、1であるものである。
−DPV3(配列番号:1):ヘパリンと反応し、及びヒト細胞外スーパオキシドジスムターゼ(EC−SOD)の配列のC−末端部分に由来するペプチドの二量体である、CPP(Inoueら,FEBS 269:89−92(1990))、
−DPV6(配列番号:2):ヘパリンと反応し、及びヒト血小板−由来増殖因子のA鎖のC−末端部分のアミノ酸配列に由来する、CPP(Maherら,Mol.Cell.Biol.9:2251−2253(1989))、
−DPV7(配列番号:3)及びDPV7b(配列番号:4):ヘパリンと反応し、及びヒトヘパリン−結合上皮増殖因子−様増殖因子(HB−EGF)の配列のC−末端部分に由来する、CPP(Arkonacら,J.Biol.Chem.273:4400−4405(1998))、
−DPV3/10(配列番号:6):ヘパリンと反応し、並びにヒト細胞外スーパオキシドジスムターゼ(EC−SOD)の配列のC−末端部分(上記参照)及びヒト腸ムチン2配列のC−末端部分(上記参照)に由来する、CPP、
−DPV10/6(配列番号:7):ヘパリンと反応し、並びにヒト腸ムチン2配列のC−末端部分(上記参照)及び血小板−由来増殖因子のA鎖のC−末端部分(上記参照)に由来する、CPP、
−DPV1047(配列番号:8)及びDPV1048(配列番号:9):ヘパリンと反応し、並びにヒトリポタンパクBのアミノ酸配列(3358−3372)(Cardinら,Biochem.Biosphys.Res.Com.154:741(1988))及びヒト抗−DNAモノクローナル抗体NE−1の超可変領域CDR3に対応するペプチドの配列(Hirabayashiら,Scand.J.Immunol.37:533(1993))に由来する、CPP、
−DPV15(配列番号:10)及びDPV15b(配列番号:11):ヘパリンと反応し、及び「ヘパリン結合タンパク質」CAP37の配列の一部を含む、CPP。
−エキソペプチダーゼ分解、C−末端アミド化、又はN−末端アセチル化を防止するための、N−及びC−末端修飾、
−ジスルフィド橋形成による環化、
−エンドペプチダーゼ分解を防止するための、アミド窒素のアルキル化、
−エンドペプチダーゼの認識部位を修飾するための、非天然アミノ酸の導入(2−メチルアラニン、α−ジアルキル化グリシン、オリゴカルバメート、オリゴ尿素、グアニジノ又はアミジノ骨格)、
−遺伝的にコードされないアミノ酸(グリシン又はフェニルアラニンのメチル化、ハロゲン化又は塩素化)のCPPアミノ酸配列への組込、
−L−アミノ酸の一部又は全てさえもの、それらの対応するD−アミノ酸又はβ−アミノ酸類似体との置き換え。このようなペプチドは、「インベルソ」又は「レトロ−インベルソ」型として、すなわちその配列のL−アミノ酸をD−アミノ酸と置き換えるか、又はアミノ酸の配列を逆転し、及びL−アミノ酸をD−アミノ酸と置き換えることにより、合成することができる。構造的に、レトロ−インベルソペプチドは、単純なD−類似体よりも当初のペプチドにはるかによく似ている。D−ペプチドは、それらのL−ペプチド対応物と比べ、ペプチダーゼに実質的により抵抗性であり、その結果血清及び組織中でより安定している。好ましい実施態様において、L−アミノ酸を含むCPPは、エキソペプチダーゼ破壊を阻害するために、単独のD−アミノ酸でキャッピングされる、
−CPP−由来のオリゴカルバメートの合成;オリゴカルバメート骨格は、比較的堅固なカルバメート結合により連結されたキラルエチレン骨格からなる(Choら、Science 261:1303−1305(1993))。
本明細書において使用される「カンプトテシン、それらの類似体又は誘導体」は、インビトロ及び/又は特にインビボにおいて、酵素DNAトポイソメラーゼIに結合する特性を有し、並びに、下記式(II)により表されるカンプトテシン骨格を含む、生物学的活性化合物を意味する:
多くの架橋試薬は、細胞条件下で本質的に切断不可能である複合体を生じる。しかし一部の架橋試薬は、ジスルフィドのような、細胞条件下で切断可能である共有結合を含む。例えばトラウト試薬、ジチオビス(スクシンイミジルプロピオネート)(「DSP」)、及びN−スクシンイミジル3−(2−ピリジルジチオ)プロピオネート(「SPDP」)は、周知の切断可能な架橋試薬である。直接のジスルフィド連結も有用である。
及びより特定すると、本発明の複合体は、下記の架橋試薬に由来する:
式(V)で言及された基は、先に定義されている。
−Bは、シクロ(C3−C8)アルキル、好ましくはシクロペンチルもしくはシクロヘキシルラジカルを含む、非置換のシクロアルキルであり、及び/又は
−R1は、ヘテロアルキル基であり、特にポリ(エチレングリコール)(すなわちPEG)及びPEG−3、−4、−5、もしくは−6のようなその誘導体を包含し、及び/又は
−R1は、線状(C1−C8)アルキル鎖、特に−CH2−もしくは−CH2CH2−であり、及び/又は
−R1は、−OC(O)−、−CO2−、−CONR’−、−NR’CO−、−OC(O)NR’−、及び−NR’’C(O)2−、好ましくは−CONR’−もしくは−NR’’OC(O)−から選択される少なくとも1個、好ましくは1もしくは2個の二価のラジカルにより任意に中断された(C1−C8)アルキル鎖であり、ここでR’及びR’’は互いに独立して、水素及び(C1−C8)アルキルから選択されることが好ましく、並びに任意に該(C1−C8)アルキル鎖は、先に定義された少なくとも1個のシクロアルキル鎖を含み、及び/又は
−R2は、ヘテロアルキル基であり、特にポリ(エチレングリコール)(すなわちPEG)及びPEG−3、−4、−5、もしくは−6のようなその誘導体を包含し、及び/又は
−R2は、線状(C1−C8)アルキル鎖、特に−CH2−、もしくは−CH2CH2−であり、及び/又は
−R2は、−OC(O)−、−CO2−、−CONR’−、−NR’CO−、−OC(O)NR’−、及び−NR’’C(O)2−、好ましくは−CONR’−もしくは−NR’’OC(O)−から選択される少なくとも1個、好ましくは1又は2個の二価のラジカルにより任意に中断された、(C1−C8)アルキル鎖であり、ここでR’及びR’’は互いに独立して、水素及び(C1−C8)アルキルから選択されることが好ましく、並びに任意に該(C1−C8)アルキル鎖は、先に定義されたような少なくとも1個のシクロアルキル鎖を含む。
4−(N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシ−6−アミドカプロン酸、
4−[(N−マレイミドエチル)カルボキシアミドエチル(Peg)4カルボキシアミドメチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸、
4−[(N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシ−6−アミドヘキサンカルボキシアミドメチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸、又は
4−[((N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボキシアミド)メチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸である。
本発明の複合体は、当該技術分野において公知の方法のいずれかにより調製することができる。
本発明の複合体は、直腸送達のために坐薬(例えば、カカオバター及び他のグリセリドのような通常の坐薬基剤と共に)又は持続浣腸の形に調製することもできる。
エチレン酢酸ビニル、ポリアンヒドリド、ポリグリコール酸、コラーゲン、ポリオルソエステル、ポリエチレングリコール、及びポリ乳酸、又はそれらの組合せのような、生分解性ポリマー、生体適合性ポリマーを使用することができる。
これらの材料は、例えば、Alza Corporationから市販されており、医薬として許容されるビヒクルとして使用することもできる。これらは、例えば、米国特許第4,522,811号に開示されたような、当業者に公知の方法で調製することができる。
本医薬組成物は、容器、パック、又はディスペンサー内に、添付文書と共に含まれることができる。
I.材料及び方法
I.1a 細胞透過性ペプチド(CPP)
DPV3:Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Arg Glu Ser Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Arg Glu Ser (配列番号:1);
DPV1047:Val Lys Arg Gly Leu Lys Leu Arg His Val Arg Pro Arg Val Thr Arg Met Asp Val(配列番号:8);
DPV15:Leu Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg Leu Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg (配列番号:10);
DPV15b:Gly Ala Tyr Asp Leu Arg Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg Leu Arg Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg (配列番号:11);
DPV7:Gly Lys Arg Lys Lys Lys Gly Lys Leu Gly Lys Lys Arg Asp Pro (配列番号:3);
Tat48−60:Gly Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Gln Arg Arg Arg Pro Pro Gln (配列番号:44);
ペネトラチン:Arg Gln Ile Lys Ile Trp Phe Gln Asn Arg Arg Met Lys Trp Lys Lys (配列番号:29);
DPV51(D):D−Lys D−Arg Gly D−Leu D−Lys D−Leu D−Arg D−His (配列番号:51);
DPV1047(D):Val Lys Arg Gly Leu Lys Leu Arg His Val Arg Pro Arg Val Thr Arg Met Asp Val (配列番号:8、D配座)
−DPV3、DPV15、DPV7及びTat48−60は、アミノ酸配列のC末端位置にシステイン(Cys)をさらに含み、
−DPV1047、DPV15b、ペネトラチン及びDPV51は、アミノ酸配列のN末端位置にシステイン(Cys)をさらに含む。これらのアミノ酸配列は、Neosystem(フランス)において合成した。
ポリE(16):Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu (配列番号:52)
ポリE(16)とリンカー−SN38部分の間の複合を可能にするために(実施例I.4を参照のこと)、ポリE(16)は、アミノ酸配列のN末端位置にシステイン(Cys)を更に含む。これらのアミノ酸配列は、Neosystem(フランス)において合成した。
リンカー#1:
N−3−マレイミドプロパン酸
(PIERCE、フランス、製品番号:22296)
N−6−マレイミドカプロン酸
(SIGMA、フランス、製品番号:M8904)
N−11−マレイミドウンデカン酸
(PIERCE、フランス、製品番号:22211)
4−(N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシ−6−アミドカプロン酸
4−[((N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボキシアミド)メチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸
4−[(N−マレイミドエチル)カルボキシアミドエチル(Peg)4カルボキシアミドメチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸
4−[(N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシ−6−アミドヘキサンカルボキシアミド メチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸
I.3.1 リンカー#4の合成
DMF(100mL)中のスクシンイミジル4−[N−マレイミドメチル]シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシラート(PIERCE、照会番号:22360)(25mmol)の溶液を、5分間攪拌し、H2O(50mL)中の6−アミノヘキサン酸(50mmol)(SIGMA、照会番号:A2504)の溶液へ、室温で添加した。この混合物を、室温で4時間攪拌した。ジクロロメタン(100mL)を添加し、有機層を水(3x150mL)で、次に5%クエン酸水溶液(3x150mL)で洗浄し、過剰な6−アミノヘキサン酸を除去した。有機層を、真空下で乾燥し、得られた白色粉末を、−20℃で貯蔵した。
DMF(100mL)中のスクシンイミジル4−[N−マレイミドメチル]シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシラート(PIERCE、照会番号:22360)(25mmol)の溶液を、5分間攪拌し、H2O(50mL)中のtrans−4−(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボン酸(50mmol)(SIGMA、照会番号:08455)の溶液へ室温で添加した。この混合物を、室温で4時間攪拌した。ジクロロメタン(100mL)を添加し、有機層を水(3x150mL)で、次に5%クエン酸水溶液(3x150mL)で洗浄し、過剰なtrans−4−(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボン酸を除去した。有機層を、真空下で乾燥し、得られた白色粉末を、−20℃で貯蔵した。
DMF(100mL)中のMal−dPeg4−NHS(Quanta BioDesign、照会番号:10214)(25mmol)の溶液を、5分間攪拌し、H2O(50mL)中のtrans−4−(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボン酸(50mmol)(SIGMA、照会番号:08455)の溶液へ室温で添加した。この混合物を、室温で4時間攪拌した。ジクロロメタン(100mL)を添加し、有機層を水(3x150mL)で、次に5%クエン酸水溶液(3x150mL)で洗浄し、過剰なtrans−4−(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボン酸を除去した。有機層を、真空下で乾燥し、得られた白色粉末を、−20℃で貯蔵した。
DMF(100mL)中のスクシンイミジル4−[N−マレイミドメチル]シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシ−[6−アミドカプロエート])(PIERCE、照会番号:22362)(25mmol)の溶液を、5分間攪拌し、H2O(50mL)中のtrans−A−(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボン酸(50mmol)(SIGMA、照会番号:08455)の溶液へ室温で添加した。この混合物を、室温で4時間攪拌した。ジクロロメタン(100mL)を添加し、有機層を水(3x150mL)で、次に5%クエン酸水溶液(3x150mL)で洗浄し、過剰なtrans−4−(アミノメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボン酸を除去した。有機層を、真空下で乾燥し、得られた白色粉末を、−20℃で貯蔵した。
CPP−リンカー−SN38複合体は、以下に説明された方法に従い調製した。同じ方法を使用し、様々なCPPを、先に説明された様々なリンカーを用いSN38に複合する。
SN38及び「リンカー」は、N−メチル−2−ピロリジノン中のO−(1H−6クロロベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル)−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルウロニウムにより媒介された縮合を受ける。ジクロロメタンで抽出し及びN−メチル−2−ピロリジノンを水性洗浄により除去した後、中間体リンカー−SN38を単離し、ジクロロメタン/メチルtert−ブチルエーテルから沈殿することにより精製した。
リンカー−SN38部分を、CPPへ複合し、DMF(ジメチルホルムアミド)中のCPP−リンカー−SN38複合体の混合物を得た。この生成物を水で抽出し、凍結乾燥し、黄色固形物を得た。
10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン及び「リンカー」は、N−メチル−2−ピロリジノン中でO−(1H−6−クロロベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル)−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルウロニウムにより媒介された縮合を受けた。ジクロロメタンによる抽出及び水洗浄によるN−メチル−2−ピロリジノンの除去後、中間体10−O−リンカー−ヒドロキシカンプトテシンを単離し、ジクロロメタン/メチルtert−ブチルエーテルから沈殿し精製した。
10−O−リンカー−ヒドロキシカンプトテシンを、CPPへ複合し、ジメチルホルムアミド中のCPP−10−O−リンカー−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン複合体の混合物を得た。この生成物を水で抽出し、凍結乾燥し、黄色固形物を得た。
合成経路の例:
合成経路の例:
合成経路の例:
合成経路の例:
リンカーの複合体の安定性に対する影響を試験するために、様々な複合体を、同じCPPで、しかし異なるリンカーで合成した。
抗腫瘍有効性試験を、関心対象のCPP−リンカー#2−SN38複合体(複合体は、実施例I.4に説明したように作製)を同定するために、ヒト起源のHCT116腫瘍を有する雌のNMRiヌードマウス(6週齢)(Janvier,フランス)において、Q4Dx3投与スケジュール(4日毎に1回注射を3回反復)を用いて行った。HCT116腫瘍細胞(ATCC番号:CCl−247)は、マウスの右側腹部への細胞浮遊液の皮内移植により確立した。1回目の薬物注射は、腫瘍がサイズおおよそ100mm3(下記式で算出:[長さx幅2]/2)に到達した時、腫瘍細胞移植後3日目に行い、マウスは、6匹の群にランダム化し、CPP−MIC−SN38のそれらの予め決定された最大許容量(MAD)で、外側尾静脈への10μL/gのボーラス静脈内注射を、Q4Dx3投与スケジュールに従い処置した。
注射された複合体の有効性及び毒性を評価するために、処置時及び処置後の臨床徴候、体重及び腫瘍サイズを記録した。薬物処置群、対、ビヒクル処置群の平均腫瘍容積の百分率比(T/Cx100)及び100−T/C(%)として定義された腫瘍増殖阻害(TGI%)を用い、治療有効性を評価した。
4種のCPP−MIC−SN38複合体の治療パラメータを、下記表2にまとめた。
CPP−リンカー−SN38の有効性に対するリンカー安定性の影響を、2種の異種移植片モデルにおいて評価した。これらのリンカーは、それらのインビトロ血漿安定性を基に選択した:MICリンカー(リンカー#2)は、ヒト血漿中でかなり不安定であるのに対し、BCHリンカー(リンカー#5)は、高いヒト血漿中安定性を示した。4種の複合体DPV15−MIC−SN38、DPV1047−MIC−SN38、DPV15−BCH−SN38及びDPV1047−BCH−SN38を、マウスにおいて特徴付けた。2種の複合体DPV1047−MIC−SN38及びDPV1047−BCH−SN38は、ラットにおいて特徴付けた。
HCT116腫瘍を持つマウスにおける4種のCPP−リンカー−SN38複合体の治療パラメータを、下記表3にまとめた。
活性分子の可溶化を可能にする他の送達システムを使用し、DPV1047−BCH−SN38(=DPV1047−リンカー#5−SN38)複合体及びSN38誘導体の活性を、比較した。DPV1047−BCH−SN38(試験した全てのCPP及びリンカーで最大のインビボ有効性を有することが先に示された)を、イリノテカン、SN38の市販の可溶性プロドラッグ(Campto(登録商標),Aventis)及び(グルタミン酸)16Cys−MIC−SN38複合体(PolyE(16)−MIC−SN38)と比較した。PolyE(16)ペプチドは、本発明の細胞−非透過性ペプチドとして、その生体適合性、無毒特性、親水性及び可溶化特性のために選択した。
様々なSN38複合体の治療パラメータを、下記表5にまとめた。
イリノテカンと比較したDPV1047−リンカー−SN38複合体の腸毒性及び血液毒性を、ビーグル犬において評価した。イヌ種でのイリノテカンの代謝は、ヒトのそれに類似していること(M.Inabaら,Cancer Chem.Pharmacol.41:130−108(1998))、並びにイヌはヒトにおいて認められる後期下痢と同じ症状を示すことから、イヌは適当なモデルである。
各動物の体重は、−1、4、10及び13日目に記録した。
2種の異なるSN38複合体のビーグル犬における毒性試験を、表6にまとめている。
上清150μLを、HPLC分析のために回収した。
DPV1047−BCH−SN38及びその代謝産物SN38を、以下の方法を用い、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(蛍光検出器を備えたHPLC Agilent 1100)により分離した:
溶媒A:H2O中0.1%(v/v)TFA
溶媒B:アセトニトリル中0.1%(v/v)TFA
カラム:Luna,C18(2),3μM,100x4.6mm(Phenomenex照会番号:00D−4251−E0)
溶出:Bの15%から37%を2分間、37%から47%を6分間、Bの90%までを0.5分間、それに続くBの90%で2分間、Bの15%で2分間
注入量:100μL
流量:1.2mL/分
検出:蛍光;励起375nm、発光560nm(感度18)
溶媒A:H2O中0.1%(v/v)TFA
溶媒B:アセトニトリル中0.1%(v/v)TFA
カラム:Luna,C18(2),3μ,100x4.6mm(Phenomenex照会番号:00D−4251−E0)
溶出:Bの15%から50%を10分間、Bの90%までを0.5分間、それに続くBの90%で2分間、Bの15%で2分間
注入量:100μL
流量:1.2mL/分
検出:蛍光;励起375nm、発光560nm(感度18)
DPV1047−BCH−SN38複合体の活性を、この複合体の広範な腫瘍型への適用可能性を決定するために、多くの異なる腫瘍モデルにおいて評価した。5種のヒト腫瘍モデルを選択した:HCT116結腸直腸癌モデル(ATCC番号:CCl−247)、LS174T結腸直腸癌モデル(ATCC番号:CCl−188)、HT−29結腸直腸癌モデル(ATCC番号:HTB−38)、NCI−H460肺癌モデル(ATCC番号:HTB−177)、及びMDA−MB−231乳癌モデル(ATCC番号:HTB−26)。
最小T/C%は、達成された最大腫瘍増殖阻害を反映している。
様々な腫瘍モデルにおけるDPV1047−BCH−SN38複合体の有効性を、表7にまとめた。
臨床においてイリノテカンは、5−フルオロウラシル(5−FU)(Teva(登録商標),Pharma)及びベバシズマブ(アバスチン(登録商標),Roche)のような薬剤と相乗作用を有することが示されている。従ってこれらの薬剤と組合せたDPV1047−BCH−SN38の作用を評価するために、併用試験を行った。マウスに、HT−29腫瘍を移植し、10μL/gの腹腔内投与(ベバシズマブ)又はボーラス静脈内注射(5−FU又はDPV1047−BCH−SN38)により処置した。実験で規定された最適以下の投与量のDPV1047−BCH−SN38、5−FU及びベバシズマブを、Prewettら(Clin Cancer Res.May;8(5):994−1003(2002))及び、Azrakら(Clin Cancer Res.Feb 1;10(3):1121−9.(2004))により確立されたスケジュールに従い、投与した。ベバシズマブ、5−FU又はDPV1047−BCH−SN38のいずれかによる治療後に、T/C比を算出した。これらのT/C比を用い、ベバシズマブ及びDPV1047−BCH−SN38、又は5−FU及びDPV1047−BCH−SN38の併用療法について予想されたT/Cを評価した(DPV1047−BCH−SN38のT/C×ベバシズマブ又は5−FUのT/C)。併用療法後に観察されたT/Cは、実験的に規定した。これら2種の分子の併用指数(combination index)は、予想されたT/Cを、観察されたT/Cで除算することにより算出した。指数>1は、相乗作用を表し、約1の指数は相加作用を示し、指数<1は拮抗作用を示している。これらの実験の結果を、表8にまとめた。
DPV1047−BCH−SN38・TFA及びDPV1047−BCH−SN38・HCl化合物の両方の有効性及び毒性を比較した。
水中のDPV1047−BCH−SN38(=DPV1047−リンカー#5−SN38)の溶解度は、SN38又はイリノテカンのいずれかよりもはるかに大きいことがわかった:DPV1047−BCH−SN38・HCl≧1g/mL、イリノテカン≦2.5mg/mL及びSN38≦5μg/mL。
イヌにおける比較トキシコキネティクス試験は、DPV1047とSN38の間のリンカーの安定性は、SN38の血漿中AUCの増加に相関することを示した(実施例VI参照)。
DPV1047−リンカー#5−SN38
DPV1047−リンカー#1−SN38
ペネトラチン−リンカー#5−SN38
ペネトラチン−リンカー#1−SN38
DPV7−リンカー#5−SN38
Tat−リンカー#5−SN38
DPV1047D−リンカー#5−SN38
DPV51D−リンカー#5−SN38
ペネトラチン−リンカー#5−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン
ペネトラチン−リンカー#1−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン(PCT特許出願WO00/01417に開示)
DPV1047−リンカー#5−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン
DPV1047−リンカー#1−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン
Tat−リンカー#4−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン
Tat−リンカー #7−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン
−HCT116(ATCC#:CCL−247):ヒト上皮結腸癌細胞。細胞は、Mc Coy’s 5a培地+1.5mM L−グルタミン及び10%ウシ胎仔血清において培養した。細胞は、96−ウェルプレートにおいて密度8000個細胞/ウェルで播種した。
表10に示されたように、DPV1047−リンカー#5−SN38が、最も安定した複合体であり(ヒト及びイヌの血漿中半減期が、各々、360分及び260分)、安定性は、より早期に観察されたものと一致した(実施例II参照)。CPPがSN38に依然カップリングされたイヌ及びヒトの両血漿において、CPP−リンカー#5−SN38複合体は、CPP−リンカー#1−SN38複合体よりも常により安定しており、リンカー#5(=BCH)は、リンカー#1よりもより安定していることを確認した。
様々なCPP−リンカーの組合せの安定性も、10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシンで試験した。CPP−リンカー#5−SN38複合体のように、CPP−リンカー#5−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン複合体は常に、CPP−リンカー#1−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン複合体よりも安定していた。DPV1047−リンカー#5−SN38について認められるように、DPV1047−リンカー#5−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン複合体の安定性は、ヒト及びイヌの両方の血漿中で、他のCPP−リンカー#5−10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン複合体よりも大きかった。結果を、下記表14に示す。
Claims (17)
- 少なくとも1種のカンプトテシンを含む複合体であって、ここで、該複合体は、下記式(VI):
DPV3(配列番号:1):Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Arg Glu Ser Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Arg Glu Ser;
DPV6(配列番号:2):Gly Arg Pro Arg Glu Ser Gly Lys Lys Arg Lys Arg Lys Arg Leu Lys Pro;
DPV7(配列番号:3):Gly Lys Arg Lys Lys Lys Gly Lys Leu Gly Lys Lys Arg Asp Pro;
DPV7b(配列番号:4):Gly Lys Arg Lys Lys Lys Gly Lys Leu Gly Lys Lys Arg Pro Arg Ser Arg;
DPV10(配列番号:5):Ser Arg Arg Ala Arg Arg Ser Pro Arg His Leu Gly Ser Gly;
DPV3/10(配列番号:6):Arg Lys Lys Arg Arg Arg Glu Ser Arg Arg Ala Arg Arg Ser Pro Arg His Leu;
DPV10/6(配列番号:7):Ser Arg Arg Ala Arg Arg Ser Pro Arg Glu Ser Gly Lys Lys Arg Lys Arg Lys Arg;
DPV1047(配列番号:8):Val Lys Arg Gly Leu Lys Leu Arg His Val Arg Pro Arg Val Thr Arg Met Asp Val;
DPV1048(配列番号:9):Val Lys Arg Gly Leu Lys Leu Arg His Val Arg Pro Arg Val Thr Arg Asp Val;
DPV15(配列番号:10):Leu Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg Leu Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg;
DPV15b(配列番号:11):Gly Ala Tyr Asp Leu Arg Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg Leu Arg Arg Arg Glu Arg Gln Ser Arg
からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列を含み;
Yは、下記式(II):
によって示されるカンプトテシンを表し、Yが、カンプトテシンの10位又は20位でエステル結合、カルボニルジスルフィド結合、又はカルボキシ−チオエステル結合により、複合体の残りの部分に結合し;
Bは、シクロ(C 6 )アルキル基であり;
R1は、(C1−C8)アルキル;又は少なくとも1個のシクロアルキル基によって中断された(C1−C8)アルキル;又は少なくとも1個のシクロアルキル基によって中断され、かつ−CONR’−及び−NR''OC(O)−(ここで、R’及びR''は、互いに独立して、水素及び(C1−C8)アルキルから選択される)から選択される少なくとも1個の二価のラジカルによって中断された(C1−C8)アルキルであり;並びに
R2は、(C1−C8)アルキル;又は少なくとも1個のシクロアルキル基によって中断された(C1−C8)アルキル;又は少なくとも1個のシクロアルキル基によって中断された(C1−C8)アルキルであって、該(C1−C8)アルキルは、−OC(O)−、−CO2−、−CONR’−、−NR’CO−、−OC(O)NR’−、及び−NR''C(O)2−(ここで、R’及びR''は、互いに独立して、水素及び(C1−C8)アルキルから選択される)から選択される(C1−C8)アルキルである)
を有する複合体。 - カンプトテシンが、イリノテカン、トポテカン、GI−147211C、SN38、7−ヒドロキシメチルカンプトテシン、9−アミノカンプトテシン、7−アミノメチルカンプトテシン、10−ヒドロキシカンプトテシン及び(20S)−カンプトテシンから選択される、請求項1に記載の複合体。
- R1はが、−CH2−又は−CH2CH2−である、請求項1に記載の複合体。
- カンプトテシンが:
4−[(N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサン−1−カルボキシ−6−アミドヘキサンカルボキシアミドメチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸、及び
4−[((N−マレイミドメチル)シクロヘキサンカルボキシアミド)メチル]シクロヘキサンカルボン酸
から選択される化合物により生じるリンカーにより、細胞透過性ペプチドへ共有的に連結される、請求項1に記載の複合体。 - 細胞透過性ペプチドが、DPV1047(配列番号:8):Val Lys Arg Gly Leu Lys Leu Arg His Val Arg Pro Arg Val Thr Arg Met Asp Valである、請求項1に記載の複合体。
- 細胞透過性ペプチドが、該アミノ酸配列のCもしくはN末端位置でシステインを示す、請求項7に記載の複合体。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の複合体の少なくとも1種を、医薬として許容できる担体中に含有する、医薬組成物。
- 経口、頭蓋内、髄腔内、経腸、又は非経口的投与が意図されている、請求項11に記載の医薬組成物。
- 他の治療的投薬計画又は薬剤と同時又は逐次投与が意図されている、請求項11又は12に記載の医薬組成物。
- 癌の治療のための、請求項11〜13のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 結腸癌、肺癌、膵臓癌、卵巣癌、乳癌、前立腺癌、肝癌、頭部の癌、胃癌、頸部の癌、膀胱癌、非ホジキンリンパ腫、メラノーマ、白血病、神経芽細胞腫、又は膠芽細胞腫の治療のための、請求項11〜14のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 別の治療的投薬計画、又は5−フルオロウラシル、ロイコボリン、オキサリプラチン、カペシタビン、ビンクリスチン、セレブレックス、テモゾロミド、セレニウム、サリドマイド、テモゾロミド、セツキシマブ、ゲムシタビン、ドセタキセル、3−AP、カルボプラチン、ボルテゾミブ、ベバシズマブ、ソラフェニブ、シスプラチン、ゲフィチニブ、フラボピリドール、エルボリン、カルボプラチン、アムルビシン、トラスツズマブ、ペメトレキセド、エルロチニブ、マイトマイシンC、AMG706、パニツムマブ、パクリタキセル、ラルチトレキセド、イマチニブ、アブシキシマブ、インフリキシマブ、パリビズマブ、リツキシマブ、ゲムツズマブ・オゾガマイシン、アレムツズマブ、イブリツモマブチウキセタンから選択される薬剤の同時又は逐次治療を伴う抗−癌治療のための、請求項11〜15のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 癌の治療用の医薬組成物の調製のための、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の複合体、又は請求項11〜16のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物の有効量の使用。
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GB0113273D0 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2001-07-25 | Plasmega Worldwide Ltd | Composite material for equestrian sports tracks and the like |
US7049286B2 (en) | 2001-08-30 | 2006-05-23 | Diatos, S.A. | Insulin conjugates and methods of use thereof |
WO2003033525A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-24 | Debio Recherche Pharmacuetique S.A. | Amino-substituted camptothecin polymer derivatives and use of the same for the manufacture of a medicament |
US6608076B1 (en) | 2002-05-16 | 2003-08-19 | Enzon, Inc. | Camptothecin derivatives and polymeric conjugates thereof |
FR2841902A1 (fr) | 2002-07-08 | 2004-01-09 | Diatos | Peptides lineaires cationiques ayant des proprietes antibacteriennes et/ou antifongiques |
AU2003296897A1 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2004-05-04 | Neopharm, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulations of camptothecine derivatives |
EP1512696A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2005-03-09 | Diatos | Amino acid sequences facilitating penetration of a substance of interest into cells and/or cell nuclei |
WO2005016960A2 (en) * | 2003-08-14 | 2005-02-24 | Diatos | Amino acid sequences facilitating penetration of a substance of interest into cells and/or cell nuclei |
WO2005117928A1 (en) * | 2004-05-30 | 2005-12-15 | Cemines, Inc. | Compositions and methods for the treatment of skin cancer |
CA2658015A1 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-11 | Diatos S.A. | Camptothecin-peptide conjugates and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same |
-
2007
- 2007-03-30 CA CA002658015A patent/CA2658015A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-30 US US12/295,508 patent/US8410045B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-30 KR KR1020087026675A patent/KR101394768B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-30 JP JP2009502255A patent/JP5313867B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-30 WO PCT/IB2007/001697 patent/WO2007113687A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-03-30 AU AU2007232206A patent/AU2007232206B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-03-30 EP EP07734882.9A patent/EP1998809B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2008
- 2008-09-28 IL IL194429A patent/IL194429A0/en unknown
-
2013
- 2013-02-28 US US13/781,015 patent/US20130244956A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
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WO2007113687A2 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
EP1998809B1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
US20130244956A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
US8410045B2 (en) | 2013-04-02 |
KR101394768B1 (ko) | 2014-05-21 |
AU2007232206B2 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
AU2007232206A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
KR20080108592A (ko) | 2008-12-15 |
EP1998809A2 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
WO2007113687A3 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
JP2009531412A (ja) | 2009-09-03 |
US20100015136A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
CA2658015A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
IL194429A0 (en) | 2009-08-03 |
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