JP5257642B2 - セラミックス光学部品及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
セラミックス光学部品及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5257642B2 JP5257642B2 JP2001297404A JP2001297404A JP5257642B2 JP 5257642 B2 JP5257642 B2 JP 5257642B2 JP 2001297404 A JP2001297404 A JP 2001297404A JP 2001297404 A JP2001297404 A JP 2001297404A JP 5257642 B2 JP5257642 B2 JP 5257642B2
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
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- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (fluoren-9-ylideneamino) n-naphthalen-1-ylcarbamate Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1=NOC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
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- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、可視光から近赤外光を遮蔽したセラミックス赤外光学部品に関し、セラミックスであって、厚みが0.5mmとして測定したときに、波長域8〜12μmの領域で、透過率が50%以上であり、波長3μm以下の可視光および近赤外光の透過率が、50%以下であることを特徴とする。また、前記波長3μm以下の透過率が、30%以下であることを特徴とする。さらには、前記波長3μm以下の透過率が、5%以下であることを特徴とする。セラミックスはZnSを主成分とする。また、好ましくは、ZnSである。さらにセラミックスはZnSeもしくはGeであってもよい。
セラミックス素材として、ZnSを主成分としたセラミックスからなる素材を調製した。主成分の原料となる粉末としてZnSからなり、その平均粒径が1μm、純度が99.99%以上のものを用意した。これら主成分粉末に次に記載の各種添加剤の粉末を添加し、以下に述べる混合法によって添加剤と主成分とを混合した。平均粒径2μm、純度98.2%以上の鉄粉末と平均粒径1μm,純度99.9%以上のコバルト粉末ならびに平均粒径0.5μm、純度99.7%以上のFe3O4粉末を用意した。前記ZnS粉末に、鉄粉末を0.2wt%、コバルト粉末を0.2wt%、Fe3O4粉末を0.01wt%配合し、乾式で20時間ボールミル混合した。
実施例1と同じZnS粉末を主成分として用意した。さらに、平均粒径1μm、純度99.9%以上のコバルト粉末と平均粒径2μm,純度98.2%以上の鉄粉末ならびに平均粒径0.01μm、純度99.8%以上のカーボンブラックを用意した。前記ZnS粉末に、コバルト粉末を0.5wt%、鉄粉末を0.5wt%,カーボンブラックを0.001wt%配合し、乾式で20時間ボールミル混合した。さらに、実施例1と同様に成形、焼結を行い、上下面を鏡面加工し、最終的に直径55mm、厚さ0.5mmの焼結体を得た。得られた焼結体はほぼ相対密度100%に緻密化していた。
実施例1と同じZnS粉末を主成分として用意した。さらに、平均粒径0.5μm、純度99.7%以上のFe3O4粉末と平均粒径2μm,純度99.9%以上の銀粉末を用意した。前記ZnS粉末に、Fe3O4粉末を0.05wt%、銀粉末を0.05wt%配合し、乾式で20時間ボールミル混合した。さらに、実施例1と同様に成形、焼結を行い、上下面を鏡面加工し、最終的に直径55mm、厚さ0.5mmの焼結体を得た。得られた焼結体の密度は、4.09とほぼ理論密度と同じであり緻密に焼結していることが確認できた。実施例1と同様の方法で、透過率を分光光度計ならびにレーザーを用いて測定した。その結果を図3に示す。実線と▲が本発明、破線と●が従来のZnSを示す。分光光度計による測定では、本実施例のものは、波長0.4〜3μmの光を10%以下の透過率に抑えており、この波長域がノイズとなって性能の低下を引き起こす赤外線センサーのフィルターなどに好ましいことが判る。また、図1と比較すると、波長8μm以下の透過率が抑えられ、波長8〜12μmの領域での透過率が高くなっていることが判る。つまり、添加剤の種類及び組合せを選択することによって遮光特性と透過特性を制御することができる。また、レーザーによる評価でも、短波長で、従来のZnSよりもよく光を遮蔽していることが判る。尚、本実施例の添加剤の組合せでは、銀とFe3O4をそれぞれ0.01wt%以上添加しないと効果はなかった。
実施例1と同じZnS粉末を主成分として用意した。さらに、表1に示す各添加剤を用意した。ZnS粉末に、表1に示す各添加剤を1種類づつ配合し、乾式で20時間ボールミル混合し4種類の混合粉末を得た。それぞれの粉末を、実施例1と同様に成形、焼結を行い、上下面を鏡面加工し、最終的に直径55mm、厚さ0.5mmの焼結体を4種類得た。得られた焼結体の密度は、いずれも相対密度がほぼ100%に緻密化していた。実施例1と同様の方法で、透過率を分光光度計を用いて測定した。また、レーザーによる評価も実施例1と同様に行った。その結果を図4に示す。a〜dが本発明であり、破線が従来のZnSである。レーザーによる評価の結果は、FeならびにFe3O4添加のものは記載せず、Co添加のものは、△で、Ag添加のものは、◇で、従来のZnSは●で示す。尚、波長10μmのプロットは重なっている。
セラミックス素材として、ZnSを主成分としたセラミックスからなる素材を調製した。主成分の原料となる粉末としてZnSからなり、その平均粒径が1μm、純度が99。99%以上のものを用意した。添加剤として平均粒径2μm、純度98.2%のFe粉末と平均粒径0.01μm、純度99.8%のカーボンブラックを用意した。これらの粉末を予め予備粉砕した。このFe粉末を0.5wt%とカーボンブラックを0.001wt%とを前記ZnS粉末に配合し、乾式でボールミル混合した。その後、実施例1と同様に、成形、焼結、鏡面加工を行い、直径30mm、厚み0.5mmの焼結体を得た。この焼結体の透過特性を実施例1と同様の分光光度計で測定したところ、0.4〜1.4μmならびに2.1μm〜4.1μmの透過率が15%以下であり、8〜12μmでの透過率が、55%以上という光学特性であった。
セラミックス素材として、ZnSeを主成分としたセラミックスからなる素材を調製した。主成分の原料となる粉末としてZnSeからなり、その平均粒径が1μm、純度が99.99%以上のものを用意した。添加剤として平均粒径2μm、純度98.2%のFe粉末と平均粒径0.01μm、純度99.8%のカーボンブラックを用意した。前記ZnSe粉末に、Fe粉末を0.5wt%、カーボンブラックを0.001wt%配合し、実施例1と同様に、混合、成形した。次いでこの成形体を黒鉛製であり上下パンチ付きの一軸加圧方式の型内に配置し、0.15Paの真空雰囲気中にて昇温した。その後同じ雰囲気中で950℃にて保持後、上パンチによって40MPaの圧力を1時間加えつつホットプレス焼結した。得られた焼結体の密度は、5.41と相対密度100%に緻密化していた。さらに、鏡面加工を行い、最終的に直径55mm、厚さ0.5mmの焼結体を得た。実施例1と同様の方法で、透過率を分光光度計を用いて測定した。また、前記レーザーによる評価も実施例1と同様に行った。その結果を図5に示す。実線と■が本発明、破線と□が無添加のZnSeを示す。
セラミックス素材として、Geを主成分としたセラミックスからなる素材を調製した。主成分の原料となる粉末としてGeからなり、その平均粒径が2μm、純度が99.99%以上のものを用意した。添加剤として平均粒径2μm、純度98.2%のFe粉末を用意した。前記Ge粉末に、Fe粉末を0.5wt%配合し、実施例1と同様に、混合、成形した。次いでこの成形体を黒鉛製であり上下パンチ付きの一軸加圧方式の型内に配置し、0.15Paの真空雰囲気中にて昇温した。その後同じ雰囲気中で550℃にて保持後、上パンチによって40MPaの圧力を1時間加えつつホットプレス焼結した。得られた焼結体の密度は、5.34と相対密度100%に緻密化していた。さらに、鏡面加工を行い、最終的に直径55mm、厚さ0.5mmの焼結体を得た。実施例1と同様の方法で、透過率を分光光度計を用いて測定した。その結果を図6に示す。実線と▲が本発明、破線と△がGeを示す。尚、波長830nmと1.5μmのプロットは、重なっている。
b:Co添加の実施例を示す。
c:Ag添加の実施例を示す。
d:Fe3O4加の実施例を示す。
Claims (4)
- 硫化亜鉛(ZnS)、セレン化亜鉛(ZnSe)またはゲルマニウム(Ge)のいずれか1種類を主成分として用い、厚みが0.5mmとして測定したときの、0.4〜3μmの波長域での透過率が50%以下であり、かつ8〜12μmの波長域での透過率が50%以上であるセラミックス光学部品であって、前記セラミックス光学部品は0.4〜3μmの波長域を遮蔽する添加剤を含有しており、前記添加剤は鉄、コバルト、銀、カーボンブラック、Fe3O4、黒鉛、ダイヤモンド、チタンブラック、銅、ニッケル、クロム、金、マンガン、モリブデン、タングステン、シリコン、ゲルマニウムの中から選ばれる1種類もしくは2種類以上、あるいは銀、銅、金、マンガン、モリブデン、タングステン、シリコン、ゲルマニウムの中から選ばれる1種類もしくは2種類以上の元素の化合物であって、Fe3O4を添加する場合はその添加量が0.01wt%以上0.05wt%以下、かつカーボンブラックを添加する場合はその添加量が0.001wt%以上0.05wt%以下、かつ鉄を添加する場合はその添加量が0.2wt%以上0.5wt%以下、かつFe 3 O 4 およびカーボンブラックおよび鉄以外の添加剤を添加する場合はその添加量が0.001wt%以上5wt%以下であるセラミックス光学部品。
- 前記厚みが0.5mmとして測定したときの、0.4〜3μmの波長域での透過率が30%以下であり、かつ8〜12μmの波長域での透過率が50%以上である請求項1に記載のセラミックス光学部品。
- 前記厚みが0.5mmとして測定したときの、0.4〜3μmの波長域での透過率が5%以下であり、かつ8〜12μmの波長域での透過率が50%以上である請求項1に記載のセラミックス光学部品。
- 厚みが0.5mmとして測定したときの、0.4〜3μmの波長域での透過率が50%以下であり、かつ8〜12μmの波長域での透過率が50%以上であるセラミックス光学部品の製造方法であって、硫化亜鉛(ZnS)粉末、セレン化亜鉛(ZnSe)粉末もしくはゲルマニウム(Ge)粉末に、添加剤として鉄、コバルト、銀、カーボンブラック、Fe3O4、黒鉛、ダイヤモンド、チタンブラック、銅、ニッケル、クロム、金、マンガン、モリブデン、タングステン、シリコン、ゲルマニウムの中から選ばれる1種類もしくは2種類以上の粉末、あるいは銀、銅、金、マンガン、モリブデン、タングステン、シリコン、ゲルマニウムの中から選ばれる1種類もしくは2種類以上の元素の化合物粉末を、Fe3O4を添加する場合はその添加量が0.01wt%以上0.05wt%以下、かつカーボンブラックを添加する場合はその添加量が0.001wt%以上0.05wt%以下、かつ鉄を添加する場合はその添加量が0.2wt%以上0.5wt%以下、かつFe 3 O 4 およびカーボンブラックおよび鉄以外の添加剤を添加する場合はその添加量が0.001wt%以上5wt%以下となるように添加し、混合、成形、焼結することを特徴とするセラミックス光学部品の製造方法。
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US5575959A (en) * | 1994-04-22 | 1996-11-19 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Process for making low cost infrared windows |
JP3465121B2 (ja) | 1994-08-11 | 2003-11-10 | 竹中エンジニアリング株式会社 | 赤外線検知装置 |
JPH08319150A (ja) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-12-03 | Toto Ltd | セラミックス部材及びその製造方法 |
JPH0921701A (ja) | 1995-07-04 | 1997-01-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 光学窓材 |
JP3110325B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-02 | 2000-11-20 | 旭テクノグラス株式会社 | 近赤外線カットフィルタガラスの分光特性調整方法 |
JP4304733B2 (ja) * | 1998-04-14 | 2009-07-29 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 多結晶硫化亜鉛光学部品及びその製造方法 |
KR100414242B1 (ko) * | 1998-11-24 | 2004-01-07 | 니폰 덴키 가라스 가부시키가이샤 | 세라믹 물품 |
JP2000264672A (ja) * | 1999-03-16 | 2000-09-26 | Central Glass Co Ltd | 濃緑色ガラス |
JP4193322B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-31 | 2008-12-10 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | レンズおよびそれを用いた赤外線センサー |
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2001
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- 2001-11-29 DE DE60138642T patent/DE60138642D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-29 US US10/182,831 patent/US6863842B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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DE60138642D1 (de) | 2009-06-18 |
WO2002046120A1 (fr) | 2002-06-13 |
US20030020887A1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
EP1340730A4 (en) | 2005-08-24 |
EP1340730B1 (en) | 2009-05-06 |
US6863842B2 (en) | 2005-03-08 |
EP1340730A1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
JP2002234774A (ja) | 2002-08-23 |
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