546487 A7 B7 9417pif.doc/008 五、發明說明（j ) 發明所屬的技術領域 本發明係有關於一種遠紅外光可透過的光學元件， 且特別是有關於一種光學元件，係用於對可見光至近紅外 光的光線具有遮光性之遠紅外光學系統元件，以及此光學 元件的製造方法。 習知的技術 利用紅外光所持有的優異性能，而持續進行開發新 的高機能裝置。關於活用其感測機能的實際用途，例如所 舉的能夠應用於與物體表面非接觸以進行測定的表面溫度 計、由上空檢測地球上資源分佈的資源探查系統、在暗視 野中檢測物體的裝置、作爲人體檢測用感應器，且利用此 人體檢測用感應器的安全系統與氣體分析裝置等。而且， 將此些之收集資料影像化處理的紅外光影像處理裝置、利 用紅外光的熱能量之高功率的雷射加工裝置亦爲所知。 伴1½者此種问機目旨的紅外光利用裝置之實用化，裝 設於此裝置中之達成光學機能的元件，相較於從前，例如 是對視窗、透鏡等更增加其對高實用機能與低價化的要 求。 於此種的光學元件材料中，波長範圍8〜12 //m用 的元件材料，習知主要係使用鍺（Ge)、硒化鋅(ZnSe)與硫 化鋅（ZnS)等無機材料。但是，近來亦使用價廉且加工性 優良的聚乙烯等樹脂。前者之無機材料，例如是室外用機 器或是承受震動或衝擊之車輛所搭載的機械等暴露於嚴酷 4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） ----------"—----I---訂---*------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（' ) 的使用環境之用途，依照使用條件，此些無機材料單獨之 機械強度或表面硬度，再者紫外線使表面氧化等，亦具有 使上述條件（機械強度或表面硬度）不充足的場合。對於此 種場合’亦嘗試在其表面披覆耐環境性薄膜。例如是日本 早期公開昭56-87002號公報，揭示在光學元件表面披覆 具紅外光透過性的類鑽碳(diamond-like carbon)薄膜，然而 此法會使成本提高。 另一方面，光學元件本體爲樹脂製品的話，與無機 材料相比，則無法避開耐熱性特別是光學全體之機械強度 降低等問題。例如是爲了提局透光率而必須削減全體的厚 度，則無法避開機械強度降低等問題。 而且，此些光學元件材料，能夠使可見光至紅外光 之廣波長區域的光線通過。因此，例如是在選擇性的檢測 由人體表面所發出波長區域爲8〜12// m之紅外光的場 合，相異於檢測對象之波長區域以外的光線，特別是波長 〇·4〜之可見光至近紅外光則成爲雜訊◦此結果將會 使檢測部之後的信號處理部產生錯誤動作，而具有背景値 上昇且檢測精度下降等問題。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 因此，爲了截斷雜訊，而在習知光學元件本體的表 面形成具有此機能的瀘光層。但是，由於此濾光層係使用 濺鑛法、真空蒸鍍法或是化學氣相沈積法等氣相蒸鍍法所 形成，因此具有增加製造成本的問題，此處光學元件的開 發’則期望能夠抑制所希望波長帶之紅外光透光率的降 低、並具有確實遮蔽可見光至近紅外光的機能、而且能夠 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱) 546487 A7 B7 9417pif ^ doc/008 五、發明說明（5) 便宜的製造。亦即是期望能夠開發使〇·4〜3//m波長區域 的透光率儘量低，且8〜12//m波長區域的透光率儘量高 的材料。 爲了遮蔽可見光至近紅外光，於光學元件本身分散 粒子，以選擇性吸收可見光至近紅外光的方法，主要係使 用樹脂進行硏究。例如是日本早期公開昭61-39001號公 報，揭示在高密度聚乙烯等樹脂內分散氧化鈦（Ti02)、硫 酸鋇（BaS04)、氧化鐵（Fe203)、氧化鎂(MgO)與鋅(Zn)等無 機顏料。但是在此場合，並不能充分遮蔽成爲雜訊之波長 1〜2//m的光，並不適於可選擇檢測波長3//m以上的紅 外光之感測器的透鏡。而且，日本早期公開昭62-284303 號公報中，提出在同樣的樹脂中分散鍩（Zr)化合物，以選 擇使7〜14//m波長的光透過。但是在此場合，由於锆化 合物未分散至5〜15%則無遮蔽的效果，將會使得紅外光 的透光率大幅降低。 此處如日本早期公開平9-21701號公報記載，提出在 同樣的樹脂中分散4%以下的ZnS微粒子。而且日本專利 平7-86566號公報，係揭示將被覆四氧化三鐵(Fe304)、碳 黑、氧化錫（Sn02)的氧化鈦、氧化锆（Zr02)，分散在同樣 的樹脂中。再者於日本早期公開平8-54478號公報，係提 出在同樣的樹脂製透鏡中，爲了選擇遮蔽近紅外光而使用 硒化鋅做爲顏料。但是可見光至近紅外光之遮蔽能與遠紅 外光之透光率係爲相反的關係，即使是採用了上述的方 法，亦不能得到滿足兩者之平衡良好的光學元件材料。再 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---.------線i 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（α ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 者，緻密的ZnS燒結體其1〜14//m之廣範圍的透光性良 好。此處日本早期公開平11-295501號公報中提出一種ZnS 燒結體及其製造方法，藉由控制ZnS燒結體所含氣孔率， 遮蔽可見光至近紅外光並提昇遠紅外光之透光率。此控制 氣孔率的方法，係藉由將可見光散亂以遮蔽可見光。因此， 於感測器的應用中，將此ZnS燒結體應用於視窗或是透鏡 的場合，雖然視窗或是透鏡與感測器之距離長的話則能夠 遮蔽可見光，在距離短的場合，則會產生將散亂光視爲雜 訊而檢測出的問題。 發明的揭示 本發明的目的係提供一種關於遠紅外線用光學元件 的材料及其製造方法，在克服上述問題點，提昇遠紅外光 (波長8〜12//m)之透光率的同時，並提昇成爲雜訊之可見 光至近紅外光（波長0.4〜3//m)的遮光率。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本發明係有關於一種遮蔽可見光至近紅外光的陶瓷 紅外光學元件，其特徵爲在陶瓷中，於波長8〜12//m的 區域，透光率爲50%以上，於波長3//m以下之可見光與 近紅外光的透光率爲50%以下。而且，其特徵爲於波長3 以下之可見光與近紅外光的透光率爲30%以下。尙 且5其特徵爲於波長3//m以下之可見光與近紅外光的透 光率爲5%以下。陶瓷以ZnS爲主成分。而且，較佳爲ZnS。 再者陶瓷亦可以爲ZnSe或是Ge。 而且，遮蔽波長3^m以下之光線的手段，其特徵爲 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 546487 9417pif.doc/〇〇8 A7 ----------一 Β7 ________ 五、發明說明（:^ ) 在前述陶瓷中含有遮蔽波長3//m以下之光線的添加劑。 前述添加劑係由鐵、鈷、銀、氧化鐵、碳黑、石墨、鑽石、 鈦黑、銅、鎳、鉻、金、錳、鋁、鎢、矽與鍺之中選擇】 種或是2種以上的元素或是其化合物。 圖式之簡單說明 第1圖所繪示爲以實線表示本發明第一實施例之光 學特性’以虛線表示作爲比較之習知Zns之光學特性； 第2圖所繪示爲以實線表示本發明第二實施例之光 學特性’以虛線表示作爲比較之習知ZnS之光學特性； 第3圖所繪示爲以實線表示本發明第三實施例之光 學特性，以虛線表示作爲比較之習知ZnS之光學特性； 胃4圖所繪示爲以a〜d表示本發明第四實施例之光 學特性’以虛線表示作爲比較之習知ZnS之光學特性； 第5圖所繪示爲以實線表示本發明第六實施例之光 學特性’以虛線表示作爲比較之習知ZnSe之光學特性； 以及 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 _ 6圖所繪笊爲以實線表示本發明第七實施例之光 學特性’以虛線表示作爲比較之習知鍺之光學特性。 較佳實施例 本發明的陶瓷材料，係使用對8〜12//m波長區域之 遠紅:外光的直線透光率高之陶瓷，例如是使用硒化鋅 (ZnSe)、硫化鋅（ZnS)、氟化鋇（BaF〇與砷化鎵㈨士)爲主 8 本紙張尺ϋ用^國國家標準（CNS)A4 x 297公爱）----- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（) 成分的陶瓷，以及使用矽（Si)或是鎵（Ge)的多晶體。此處 較佳爲使用價廉且透光率之波長特性優良的ZnS爲主成分 或ZnSe亦或是Ge。而且爲了提昇遠紅外光的透光率，陶 瓷之結晶粒子的平均粒徑較佳爲較此光線的波長小。就本 發明之遠紅外光的波長區域，結晶粒子的平均粒徑爲8// 以下’車父fzb爲5 // ΓΠ以下。基於问樣理由’其晶粒邊界 較佳係爲較小。因此，形成結晶之晶粒邊界的燒結助劑甚 或是主成分以外之添加劑或不純物的量，較佳爲儘可能的 少。而且，亦可以施以抗反射塗佈，以更提昇紅外光的上 昇等級。特別是使用鎵的場合，未施加抗反射塗佈則無法 得到本發明之紅外光透光率。 遮蔽0.4〜3// m波長之可見光至近紅外光的添加劑， 係爲鐵、鈷、銀、氧化鐵（一氧化鐵或三氧化二鐵或是四 氧化三鐵）、碳黑、石墨、鑽石、鈦黑、銅、鎳、鉻、金、 锰、鉬、鎢、砍與鍺等元素或是其化合物。此些添加劑可 直接吸收並遮蔽可見光至近紅外光。爲了維持遠紅外光的 透光率，使用之添加劑的平均粒徑係小於其波長，較佳爲 8/zm以下。而且，爲了平衡良好的控制光學元件之可見 光至近紅外光的遮蔽性能與遠紅外光的透光性能雙方之等 級，添加劑粒子較佳爲儘可能細微且均勻的分散於母材 中。然而，由於過小的話個別粒子間容易凝集，此平均粒 徑的下限較佳爲0·01 // m(10nm)。更佳的範圍爲〇.〇 1〜2 β m ° 添加劑的添加量亦爲用以平衡良好的控制光學元件 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂—.------線 « 546487 A7 B7 9417pif.doc/0〇8 五、發明說明（η ) 之可見光至近紅外光的遮蔽性能與遠紅外光的透光性能之 重要因素。於陶瓷添加1種類添加劑的添加量，通常較佳 爲0.001〜5重量百分率(wt%)的範圍。尙且在此場合，對 於重視成爲雜訊之可見光至近紅外光之遮蔽性能的用途， 較佳爲少量添加即使會降低遠紅外光的透光率亦能夠確實 遮蔽可見光至近紅外光的添加劑。於此場合，較佳爲使用 黑化度高、例如是碳黑或石墨等添加劑。而且此時的添加 量，較佳爲0.001〜〇.〇5wt%的範圍。另一方面，對於欲提 高遠紅外光之透光性的用途，雖然較上述黑化度降低且可 見光至近紅外光之遮蔽性能變差，較佳爲多添加使遠紅外 光的透光率不太降低之添加劑。此種添加劑例如是所舉的 Fe304或Ag等物質。此時的添加量較佳爲0.01〜5 wt%的 範圍。爲了不太降低遠紅外光的透光率以進行遮蔽可見光 至近紅外光，較佳爲因應添加劑的黑化度選擇添加劑的適 當添加量。再者，對於欲吸收、遮斷可見光至近紅外光之 特定波長的用途，例如是使用所舉的Fe或Co等。此些添 加劑能夠遮蔽可見光至近紅外光之特定波長區域的光，由 於幾乎不會吸收遠紅外光，爲了提高前述特定波長的遮蔽 效果，添加量較佳爲〇.〇1〜5 wt%的範圍。 再者，爲了遮蔽較可見光至近紅外光廣範圍的光， 較佳爲添加2種以上之前述添加劑。各添加劑具有如同前 述個別遮蔽特定波長之光的效果，或是具有降低可見光至 近紅外光全體之透光率的效果。因此，藉由適時選擇添加 劑的種類、組合與添加量，能夠因應其用途或目的控制陶 10 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 11--訂---^ ----線. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（2 ) 瓷光學兀件的光學特性。此場合的添加量總量較佳爲0.0 1 〜1 Owt%的範圍。 以下所述爲本發明之光學元件材料的製造方法，光 學元件材料的陶瓷係使用前述之各種主成分形成的物質。 此陶瓷係依照首先將主成分原料與前述的添加劑粉末混 合，形成預定的形狀後，燒結以形成燒結體，再細加工爲 預定形狀的順序而得。尙且添加劑的種類、平均粒徑與其 添加量如同前述。 本發明之陶瓷光學元件材料主原料之陶瓷原料粉末 的純度較佳爲99.9%以上。而且，所添加之添加劑粉末較 佳亦儘可能的爲高純度物質。爲了促進陶瓷的緻密化，亦 可以含有少量的燒結劑，然而其添加量多的話，由於係爲 使晶粒邊界變大且透光率降低的原因而較爲不佳。因此其 添加量較少爲較佳。雖然較佳爲不添加，在必要的場合， 其添加量儘量爲全體的lwt%。本發明之陶瓷光學元件材 料，與習知相較之下添加劑粒子極細微且均勻的分散。 爲了得到此種分散狀態，於主成分粉末與添加劑粉 末之混合物的調製過程中，儘可能的不使細微的添加劑粉 末粒子凝集，且使主成份之陶瓷粉末均勻的分散。例如是 (1)預先將主成分與添加劑成分的有機金屬化合物等的驅質 由共沈積燒結，以得到所希望組成的組合物，（2)預先於主 成分粒子複合化添加劑成分粒子或是其驅質以調製粉末， (3)混合時事先防止粒子凝集，加入少量的解膠劑，（4)混 合時以適合於添加劑之平均粒徑波長施加超音波震動，（5) 11 ^紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） ---------------------訂—.------線‘ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 546487 A7 B7 94l7pif.doc/008 五、發明說明（q ) 爲了防止使用溶劑的混合系統於乾燥時凝集’使用粉碎、 乾燥效果大的乾式球磨進行混合。 本發明之陶瓷光學元件爲了遮蔽可見光至近紅外光 廣範圍區域的光，較佳爲添加2種以上的前述添加劑。此 時藉由選擇添加劑的種類、組合與添加量’控制可見光至 近紅外光的遮光特性與遠紅外光的透光特性’而能夠得到 具有最適合使用目的光學特性的陶瓷光學元件。尙且，即 使在添加2種類以上的場合，亦可以採用前述的混合法。 如上調製的陶瓷混合粉末成形之後’以個別的陶瓷 主成分適合的適當條件燒結。但是此過程中，較佳爲儘可 能避免混入使母材透光率下降之添加劑以外的不純物。例 如是爲了提高混合粉末之塡充性所進行的造粒或成形體的 製作，較佳爲使用乾式且不需要有機黏合劑。因此例如是 成形的話，較佳爲採用靜水壓成形。再者’燒結時的容器 或是加熱的環境氣體，較佳爲考慮到不使陶瓷變質。而且 爲了避免透光率的降低，燒結助劑的量亦使用較少。如果 在常壓下燒結緻密化困難的話’在鑄模內以熱壓法或是熱 間靜水壓成形(Hot Isostatic Pressing，HIP)等加壓燒結法爲 有效的方法。如上藉由抑制不純物的混入’燒結所得的陶 瓷係成爲能夠遮蔽可見光至近紅外光’且遠紅外光的透光 性優良，細微添加劑均勻分散的燒結體。 將以上所得的燒結體，加工爲使用目的所需的光學 元件形狀。例如是紅外光感測器用濾鏡的場合。由燒結時 的鑄模得到預定直徑的圓板狀燒結體’藉由對上下面進行 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------------r--------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（，户） 硏磨，而能夠得到濾鏡。而且，在透鏡的場合，得到同樣 圓板狀燒結體後，能夠使用球面硏磨加工機或超精密旋盤 等得到預定的透鏡形狀。再者，將抗反射塗佈施加於必要 對應的光學元件’而能夠提昇紅外光的透光等級。爲了提 高光學元件的透光性’較佳爲在光學元件的兩面施以抗反 射塗佈’由卽省成本的観點’亦可以至少施加於一'面。在 Ge爲主成分時抗反射塗佈爲必須。 第一實施例 陶瓷材料係使用ZnS爲主成分所構成的材料調製。 準備由ZnS形成，其平均粒徑爲1 // m，純度爲99.99%以 上的物質作爲主成分原料所形成的粉末。此主成分粉末如 以下記載添加各種添加劑粉末，並以下述混合法將添加劑 與主成分混合。準備平均粒徑2//m，純度爲98·2%以上的 鐵粉末與平均粒徑1 V m，純度爲99.9%以上的鈷粉末以及 平均粒徑0.5// m，純度爲99.7%以上的Fe304粉末作爲添 加劑。在前述ZnS粉末中混合加入〇.2wt%鐵粉末、0.2wt% 鈷粉末、〇_〇lwt% Fe304粉末，以乾式球磨混合20小時。 其後將混合粉末塡充入震動的橡膠鑄模中，再將橡 膠鑄模蓋上並真空抽氣以封入。其後置入靜水壓成形裝置 中，於壓力98MPa靜水壓成形爲圓板狀。 其次此成形體置入附上下衝頭的石墨製單軸加壓式 鑄模內，於0.15Pa的真空環境中昇溫。其後於相同氣體環 境保持於攝氏100度後，使用上衝頭持續施加一小時之 13 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂—.------線秦 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（I丨） 4〇MPa的壓力以熱壓燒結。所得的燒結體相對密度幾乎爲 i〇〇%(由混合組成計算的理論密度對以水中法實際測試之 燒結體的密度比例）而緻密化。 ϋ 對所得的燒結體試料上下面施以鏡面細加工，最終 开<成直徑爲55mm ’厚度〇.：5mm的圓板狀。其後以雙光束 式分光光度計，以測定試料厚度方向之可見光至紅外光區 域的直線透光率。此時試料與檢測器的距離爲75mm。結 果如第1圖實線所示。於第1圖，將用以比較之日本早期 公開平1 1-295501號公報所記載的ZnS(以下稱爲習知型 ZnS)之相同測定結果以虛線表示。由第1圖判斷，如爲習 知型ZnS的g舌，波長0.4〜3 // m範圍的光會大量的通過。 相對於此，本發明之ZnS將波長〇·4〜3 範圍的光幾乎 元全遮斷，而且波長8〜12//m範圍的透光率，係爲65% 以上的良好透光。而且，本實施例在波長2//m附近的透 光率約爲2.2%，然而以本貫施例添加劑的組合，亦可以 增加Fe3〇4粉末的添加量，以將2 // m附近的透光率再降 低，有效率的遮蔽波長0.4〜3//111範圍的光。例如是Fe3〇4 粉末的添加量爲0.02wt%，則2//m附近的透光率能夠降 低至0.5%以下。但是，此場合8〜12 # m的透光率亦下降 約5% 〇 再者，散亂光的評價係以830nm、1.5 // m與10// m 之各波長的雷射進行。此時，試料與檢測器的距離爲5mm。 此結果一並繪示於第1圖中。▲表示爲本發明，#表示爲 習知型ZnS。波長10// m的話，習知型與本發明以分光光 14 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公复） ---------------------訂---------線- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（G:) 度計的測定結果近乎相同，然而波長縮短爲1.5/^m、 830nm，使用雷射評價的透光率判明爲變高。特別垦習知 型ZnS的上昇顯著，於830nm達到40%以上的透光率。 由此，習知型的ZnS例如是使用於紅外光感測器之視窗 時，視窗與感測器距離近的話將會檢測出作爲雜訊的可見 光，進而導致感測器的性能低落。相對於此，本發明具有 15%以下的透光率，因此判明不會有上述導致性能低落的 疑慮。而且’藉由含有添加劑，判明能夠直接吸收、遮蔽 可見光。 第二實施例 準備與第一實施例相同的ZnS粉末作爲主成分。再 來，準備平均粒徑1 // m，純度爲99.9%以上的鈷粉末，與 平均粒徑2// m，純度爲98.2%以上的鐵粉末，以及平均粒 徑0.01//m，純度爲99.8%以上的碳黑作爲添加劑。在前 述ZnS粉末中混合加入〇.5wt%鈷粉末、〇.5wt%鐵粉末、 O.OOlwt%碳黑，以乾式球磨混合20小時。其後進行與第 一實施例同樣的成形、燒結與上下面鏡面加工，最終得到 直徑爲55mm，厚度O.Smm的燒結體。所得的燒結體相對 密度幾乎爲100%而緻密化。 所得燒結體試料的直線透光率以與第一實施例相同 方法之分光光度計與雷射測定。結果如第2圖實線所示。 實線與表示爲本發明，虛線與#表示爲習知型ZnS。由 第2圖判斷，本發明之ZnS，能夠將波長0.4〜3 範圍 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規石Γ(210 x 297公爱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)546487 A7 B7 9417pif.doc / 008 V. Description of the invention (j) The technical field to which the invention belongs The invention relates to an optical element through which far-infrared light is transmitted, and in particular, to an optical element, which is used for near to visible light Infrared light has a far-infrared optical system element having a light-shielding property, and a method for manufacturing the optical element. Conventional technology continues to develop new high-performance devices that take advantage of the superior properties of infrared light. Regarding practical uses of its sensing function, for example, surface thermometers that can be applied to non-contact with the surface of an object for measurement, resource exploration systems that detect the distribution of resources on the earth from above, devices that detect objects in dark fields, As a human body detection sensor, a safety system, a gas analysis device, and the like using the human body detection sensor. In addition, an infrared light image processing device that visualizes these collected data and a high-power laser processing device that uses the thermal energy of infrared light are also known. Accompanied by the practical use of the infrared light utilization device such as this, the components that are installed in this device to achieve optical functions have increased their high practical functions compared to the previous ones, such as windows and lenses. And the requirements of lower prices. Among such optical element materials, element materials for a wavelength range of 8 to 12 // m are conventionally used to use inorganic materials such as germanium (Ge), zinc selenide (ZnSe), and zinc sulfide (ZnS). However, recently, resins such as polyethylene, which are inexpensive and excellent in processability, have also been used. The former inorganic materials, such as outdoor machines or machinery mounted on vehicles subject to vibration or shock, are exposed to harsh conditions. 4 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297). ---- ------ " ------ I --- Order --- * ------ line (please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) _ Employee Consumption of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the cooperative 546487 5. The use of the environment of the invention description (') According to the use conditions, the mechanical strength or surface hardness of these inorganic materials alone, and the surface oxidation by ultraviolet rays, etc., also have the above conditions (mechanical strength or When the surface hardness is insufficient. In this case, it is also tried to coat the surface with an environmentally-resistant film. For example, Japanese Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 56-87002 discloses that a diamond-like carbon film having infrared light transmittance is coated on the surface of an optical element. However, this method increases the cost. On the other hand, when the main body of the optical element is a resin product, compared with inorganic materials, it cannot avoid the problems of heat resistance, especially the reduction of mechanical strength of the entire optical system. For example, it is necessary to reduce the overall thickness in order to improve the light transmittance, and problems such as reduction in mechanical strength cannot be avoided. In addition, these optical element materials can pass light in a wide wavelength range from visible light to infrared light. Therefore, for example, in the case of selectively detecting infrared light emitted from the surface of a human body in a wavelength range of 8 to 12 // m, it is different from light outside the wavelength range of the detection object, especially visible light having a wavelength of 0.4 to 4 The near-infrared light becomes noise. This result will cause the signal processing unit behind the detection unit to malfunction, and it will have problems such as a rise in background and a decrease in detection accuracy. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Therefore, in order to intercept noise, a phosphor layer with this function is formed on the surface of the conventional optical element body. However, since this filter layer is formed by a vapor deposition method such as a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, or a chemical vapor deposition method, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased. Here, the development of an optical element is expected. It can suppress the reduction of the transmittance of infrared light in the desired wavelength band, and has the function of shielding the visible light to the near-infrared light, and it can meet the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) 546487 A7. B7 9417pif ^ doc / 008 5. Description of the invention (5) Cheap manufacturing. That is, it is desired to develop a material that can make the light transmittance in the wavelength region of 0.4 to 3 // m as low as possible and the light transmittance in the wavelength region of 8 to 12 // m as high as possible. In order to shield visible light to near-infrared light, particles are dispersed in the optical element itself, and the method of selectively absorbing visible light to near-infrared light is mainly researched using resin. For example, Japanese Early Publication No. 61-39001 discloses the dispersion of titanium oxide (Ti02), barium sulfate (BaS04), iron oxide (Fe203), magnesium oxide (MgO), and zinc (Zn) in a resin such as high density polyethylene. And other inorganic pigments. However, in this case, the light having a wavelength of 1 to 2 // m which becomes noise cannot be sufficiently shielded, and it is not suitable for selecting a lens of a sensor for detecting infrared light having a wavelength of 3 // m or more. Furthermore, in Japanese Laid-Open Publication No. 62-284303, it is proposed to disperse a europium (Zr) compound in the same resin to selectively transmit light having a wavelength of 7 to 14 // m. However, in this case, since the zirconium compound is not dispersed to 5 to 15%, there is no shielding effect, which will greatly reduce the transmittance of infrared light. Here, as disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-21701, it is proposed to disperse 4% or less of ZnS fine particles in the same resin. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-86566 discloses that titanium oxide and zirconium oxide (Zr02) coated with ferric tetroxide (Fe304), carbon black, and tin oxide (Sn02) are dispersed in the same resin. Furthermore, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-54478, it was proposed to use zinc selenide as a pigment in order to selectively shield near-infrared light in the same resin lens. However, the shielding of visible light to near-infrared light and the transmittance of far-infrared light have an inverse relationship. Even if the above-mentioned method is adopted, an optical element material that satisfies the balance between the two cannot be obtained. 6 This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order --------------- Line i Ministry of Economy Wisdom Printed by the Consumer Affairs Cooperative of the Property Bureau 546487 V. Description of the invention (α) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) For those who have a dense ZnS sintered body, the light transmittance in a wide range of 1 ~ 14 // m . Here, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-295501 proposes a ZnS sintered body and a method for manufacturing the same, by controlling the porosity contained in the ZnS sintered body, shielding visible light to near-infrared light and increasing the transmittance of far-infrared light. This method of controlling porosity is to block visible light by scattering visible light. Therefore, in the application of the sensor, this ZnS sintered body is used in the window or lens. Although the distance between the window or the lens and the sensor is long, it can block visible light. In the case of short distance, it will be A problem occurs in which stray light is detected as noise. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a material for a far-infrared optical element and a manufacturing method thereof, which overcomes the above-mentioned problems and improves the light transmittance of far-infrared light (wavelength 8 to 12 // m), and Improve the light shielding rate from visible light to near-infrared light (wavelength 0.4 ~ 3 // m) that becomes noise. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics The present invention relates to a ceramic infrared optical element that shields visible light to near-infrared light, and is characterized in that the ceramic has a light transmittance of 50 to 8-12 // m in a wavelength region % Or more, the transmittance of visible light and near-infrared light at a wavelength of 3 // m or less is 50% or less. In addition, it is characterized in that the transmittance of visible light and near-infrared light below a wavelength of 3 is 30% or less.尙 and 5 is characterized in that the transmittance of visible light and near-infrared light at a wavelength of 3 // m or less is 5% or less. Ceramics are mainly composed of ZnS. Furthermore, ZnS is preferred. Furthermore, the ceramic may be ZnSe or Ge. In addition, the method of shielding light with a wavelength of less than 3 ^ m is characterized by 7 paper standards that comply with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 546487 9417pif.doc / 〇〇8 A7 ----- ----- 一 Β7 ________ 5. Description of the invention (: ^) The ceramics mentioned above contain additives that block light with a wavelength below 3 // m. The aforementioned additives are selected from iron, cobalt, silver, iron oxide, carbon black, graphite, diamond, titanium black, copper, nickel, chromium, gold, manganese, aluminum, tungsten, silicon, and germanium] or two or more kinds Element or its compound. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 shows the optical characteristics of the first embodiment of the present invention as solid lines. The dotted line is used to compare the optical characteristics of the conventional Zns. The figure 2 is shown as a solid line. The optical characteristics of the second embodiment of the present invention are indicated by a dotted line as a comparison of the conventional ZnS optical characteristics; FIG. 3 shows the optical characteristics of the third embodiment of the present invention by a solid line, and the comparison is shown by a dotted line. The optical characteristics of conventional ZnS; Figure 4 shows the optical characteristics of the fourth embodiment of the present invention with a to d. The optical characteristics of the conventional ZnS are shown with dashed lines for comparison; The solid line indicates the optical characteristics of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The dotted line indicates the optical characteristics of the conventional ZnSe for comparison; and printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The optical characteristics of the seventh embodiment are indicated by dotted lines as the optical characteristics of conventional germanium for comparison. Preferred Embodiment The ceramic material of the present invention is a ceramic which uses far red to the wavelength region of 8 ~ 12 // m: high linear transmittance of external light, such as zinc selenide (ZnSe), zinc sulfide (ZnS) ), Barium fluoride (BaF〇 and gallium arsenide) 8 paper size for the paper size ^ National Standard (CNS) A4 x 297 public love) ----- Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs System 546487 V. Description of the invention () Ceramics, and polycrystalline silicon (Si) or gallium (Ge). Here, it is preferable to use ZnS as the main component, ZnSe, or Ge, which is inexpensive and has excellent wavelength characteristics of light transmittance. In addition, in order to improve the transmittance of far-infrared light, the average particle size of the crystal particles of the ceramic is preferably smaller than the wavelength of the light. Regarding the wavelength range of the far-infrared light of the present invention, the average particle diameter of the crystal particles is 8 // or less, and the car parent fzb is 5 //? Or less. For sample-like reasons, its grain boundary is preferably smaller. Therefore, the amount of the sintering aid that forms crystal grain boundaries or even additives or impurities other than the main component is preferably as small as possible. Moreover, anti-reflection coating can also be applied to further enhance the rising level of infrared light. Especially when gallium is used, the infrared light transmittance of the present invention cannot be obtained without applying anti-reflection coating. Additives that block visible light to near-infrared light at a wavelength of 0.4 to 3 // m are iron, cobalt, silver, iron oxide (iron monoxide or ferric oxide or ferric oxide), carbon black, graphite, diamond, Titanium black, copper, nickel, chromium, gold, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, chopped germanium and other elements or their compounds. These additives directly absorb and block visible to near infrared light. In order to maintain the transmittance of far-infrared light, the average particle size of the additives used is smaller than its wavelength, and preferably 8 / zm or less. In addition, in order to balance the shielding performance of the visible light to the near-infrared light of the optical element and the far-infrared light transmission performance, the additive particles are preferably dispersed as finely and uniformly as possible in the base material. However, since the individual particles are likely to agglomerate if they are too small, the lower limit of the average particle diameter is preferably 0 · 01 // m (10 nm). A better range is 〇1 ～ 2 β m ° The amount of additives is also used to control the optical elements in good balance. 9 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (please Read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Order —.------ Line «546487 A7 B7 9417pif.doc / 0〇8 V. Shielding performance of visible light to near-infrared light and far-infrared light in the description of the invention (η) An important factor in the transmission of light. The amount of one type of additive added to the ceramic is usually preferably in the range of 0.001 to 5 weight percent (wt%).尙 Also, in this case, for applications where the shielding performance of visible light to near-infrared light that is noisy is valued, it is preferable to add a small amount of an additive that can reliably block visible light to near-infrared light even if the transmittance of far-infrared light is reduced. In this case, it is preferable to use additives having a high degree of blackening, such as carbon black or graphite. The added amount at this time is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.05% by weight. On the other hand, for applications that want to improve the transmittance of far-infrared light, although the degree of blackening is lower than that described above and the shielding performance of visible light to near-infrared light is deteriorated, it is preferable to add more to make the far-infrared light transmittance less Reduced additives. Such additives are, for example, Fe304 or Ag. The amount added at this time is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 wt%. In order not to reduce the transmittance of far-infrared light so as to shield visible light to near-infrared light, it is preferable to select an appropriate amount of the additive in accordance with the degree of blackening of the additive. In addition, for applications in which a specific wavelength of visible light to near-infrared light is to be absorbed and blocked, for example, Fe or Co may be used. These additives can block light in a specific wavelength region from visible light to near-infrared light. Since far-infrared light is hardly absorbed, in order to improve the shielding effect of the aforementioned specific wavelength, the addition amount is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 wt%. Furthermore, in order to shield light from a wider range of visible light to near-infrared light, it is preferable to add two or more of the aforementioned additives. Each of the additives has the effect of shielding light of a specific wavelength, as described above, or the effect of reducing the transmittance of the entire visible light to the near-infrared light. Therefore, by selecting the type, combination, and amount of additives in a timely manner, it is possible to control the pottery according to its use or purpose (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 11--Order --- ^ ---- line Printed on the paper by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumer Cooperatives. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm). Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumer Cooperatives. 546487 5. Description of the invention (2) Ceramic Optics Optical characteristics of the components. The total amount of addition in this case is preferably in the range of 0.0 1 to 1 Owt%. The following is a method for manufacturing an optical element material according to the present invention. The ceramics of the optical element material are formed using the aforementioned various main components. This ceramic is obtained by first mixing the main component raw materials with the aforementioned additive powder to form a predetermined shape, sintering to form a sintered body, and then fine-processing to a predetermined shape.尙 The types, average particle size, and amount of additives are the same as described above. The purity of the ceramic raw material powder of the main raw material of the ceramic optical element material of the present invention is preferably 99.9% or more. In addition, the additive powder is better and is as high-purity substance as possible. In order to promote the densification of ceramics, a small amount of a sintering agent may be contained. However, a large amount of the sintering agent is not preferable because the grain boundary is enlarged and the light transmittance is decreased. Therefore, it is better to add less. Although it is preferable not to add it, if necessary, its addition amount is as much as 1 wt% of the whole as much as possible. Compared with the conventional ceramic optical element material of the present invention, the additive particles are extremely finely and uniformly dispersed. In order to obtain such a dispersed state, during the preparation process of the mixture of the main component powder and the additive powder, the fine additive powder particles are not aggregated as much as possible, and the ceramic powder of the main component is uniformly dispersed. For example, (1) pre-sintering of the main components and organometallic compounds of the additive components by co-deposition and sintering to obtain a composition having a desired composition; (2) compounding the additive component particles or the component components in advance with the main component particles; Drive the mass to adjust the powder, (3) prevent particle agglomeration before mixing, add a small amount of degumming agent, (4) apply ultrasonic vibration at a wavelength suitable for the average particle size of the additive during mixing, (5) 11 ^ Paper size applies China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210 X 297 Public Love) --------------------- Order --.------ Line '(please first Read the notes on the back and fill in this page again) 546487 A7 B7 94l7pif.doc / 008 V. Description of the Invention (q) To prevent the mixing system using solvent from agglomerating during drying, use a dry ball mill with pulverization and high drying effect for mixing. In order to shield the light in a wide range of visible light to near-infrared light, the ceramic optical element of the present invention preferably contains two or more of the aforementioned additives. At this time, by selecting the type, combination, and addition amount of the additive 'to control the light-shielding characteristics of visible light to near-infrared light and the light-transmitting characteristics of far-infrared light, a ceramic optical element having optical characteristics most suitable for the intended use can be obtained. In addition, even when two or more kinds are added, the aforementioned mixing method may be adopted. After the ceramic mixed powder prepared as described above is formed, it is sintered under appropriate conditions suitable for individual ceramic main components. However, in this process, it is preferable to avoid impurities as much as possible other than the additives that reduce the transmittance of the base material. For example, in order to improve the filling properties of the mixed powder, it is preferable to use a dry type without the need for an organic binder for granulation or forming. Therefore, for example, in the case of forming, it is preferable to use hydrostatic forming. Furthermore, it is preferable to take into consideration that the container during sintering or the heated ambient gas does not deteriorate the ceramic. In addition, in order to avoid a decrease in light transmittance, the amount of the sintering aid is also less. If sintering and densification is difficult under normal pressure, a pressure sintering method such as hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing (HIP) in a mold is an effective method. The sintered ceramics obtained by suppressing the incorporation of impurities into the sintered body as described above is a sintered body capable of shielding visible light to near-infrared light and having excellent light transmittance and uniform dispersion of fine additives. The sintered body obtained above is processed into the shape of an optical element required for the purpose of use. For example, in the case of a filter for an infrared light sensor. A sintered body in the shape of a disk having a predetermined diameter is obtained from the mold at the time of sintering. By applying 12 paper sizes to the upper and lower surfaces, the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) is applied --------- --- r -------- Order --------- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives 546487 V. Description of Invention (, households) Honed, and can get filters. In the case of a lens, a predetermined lens shape can be obtained by using a spherical honing machine, an ultra-precision spinner, or the like after obtaining the same disk-shaped sintered body. Furthermore, anti-reflection coating can be applied to the necessary corresponding optical element 'to increase the transmission level of infrared light. In order to improve the light transmittance of the optical element, it is preferable to apply anti-reflection coating on both sides of the optical element. The cost saving point can also be applied to at least one side. When Ge is a main component, antireflection coating is necessary. First Embodiment A ceramic material is prepared using a material composed of ZnS as a main component. Prepare a powder made of ZnS with a mean particle size of 1 // m and a purity of 99.99% or more as the main ingredient. This main component powder is added with various additive powders as described below, and the additives are mixed with the main component by the following mixing method. Prepare iron powder with an average particle size of 2 // m, purity of 98 · 2% or more, and cobalt powder with an average particle size of 1 V m, purity of 99.9% or more, and 0.5 // m with a particle size of 99.7% or more. Fe304 powder is used as an additive. 0.2% by weight of iron powder, 0.2% by weight of cobalt powder, and 0.001% by weight of Fe304 powder were added to the aforementioned ZnS powder, and mixed by dry ball milling for 20 hours. Thereafter, the mixed powder was filled into a vibrating rubber mold, and the rubber mold was capped and evacuated to seal. Thereafter, it was placed in a hydrostatic forming apparatus and hydrostatically formed into a disc shape at a pressure of 98 MPa. Next, the formed body was placed in a graphite uniaxial pressure type mold with an upper and lower punch, and the temperature was raised in a vacuum environment of 0.15 Pa. After maintaining the same gas environment at 100 degrees Celsius, 13 papers were continuously applied for one hour using the upper punch. The paper size was in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------- ------------ Order --.------ Xin Qin (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 546487 V. Invention Note (I 丨) A pressure of 40 MPa is sintered by hot pressing. The relative density of the obtained sintered body was almost 100% (the ratio of the theoretical density calculated from the mixed composition to the density of the sintered body actually tested by the water method) and densified.镜 The upper and lower surfaces of the obtained sintered body sample were mirror-finished, and finally < opened into a disc shape having a diameter of 55 mm 'and a thickness of 0.5 mm. Thereafter, a two-beam spectrophotometer was used to measure the linear transmittance of visible light to infrared light in the thickness direction of the sample. At this time, the distance between the sample and the detector is 75mm. The result is shown by the solid line in FIG. In FIG. 1, the same measurement results of ZnS (hereinafter referred to as the conventional ZnS) described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 1-295501 are shown in dotted lines for comparison. Judging from the first figure, if it is the g tongue of the conventional ZnS, a large amount of light in the wavelength range of 0.4 to 3 // m will pass. In contrast, the ZnS of the present invention almost completely blocks light in the wavelength range of 0.4 to 3, and the light transmittance in the wavelength range of 8 to 12 // m is a good light transmission of 65% or more. In addition, the light transmittance of this embodiment is about 2.2% at a wavelength of about 2 // m. However, the combination of additives in this embodiment can also increase the amount of Fe3 04 powder, so that the The light transmittance is reduced again, and the light in the wavelength range of 0.4 to 3 // 111 is effectively shielded. For example, if the Fe304 powder is added in an amount of 0.02 wt%, the light transmittance in the vicinity of 2 // m can be reduced to 0.5% or less. However, in this case, the light transmittance of 8 to 12 m also decreased by about 5%. Furthermore, the evaluation of stray light was performed with lasers having wavelengths of 830 nm, 1.5 // m, and 10 // m. At this time, the distance between the sample and the detector was 5 mm. This result is shown in FIG. 1 together. ▲ indicates the present invention, and # indicates the conventional ZnS. At a wavelength of 10 // m, the conventional type and the present invention use a spectroscopic beam of 14 paper sizes to comply with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public copy) -------------- ------- Order --------- Line- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 546487 V. Invention Description (G: The measurement results of the goniophotometer were almost the same, but the wavelength was shortened to 1.5 / ^ m and 830 nm, and the light transmittance evaluated by laser was found to be higher. The increase of the special ZnS is significant, reaching a light transmittance of more than 40% at 830 nm. Therefore, when the conventional ZnS is used in a window of an infrared light sensor, for example, when the distance between the window and the sensor is close, visible light that is noise is detected, and the performance of the sensor is deteriorated. On the other hand, since the present invention has a light transmittance of 15% or less, it has been determined that there is no possibility of the above-mentioned performance degradation. Furthermore, by including an additive, it was found that visible light can be directly absorbed and blocked. Second Embodiment The same ZnS powder as in the first embodiment was prepared as a main component. Next, prepare cobalt powder with an average particle size of 1 // m and a purity of 99.9% or more, and iron powder with an average particle size of 2 // m and a purity of 98.2% or more, and an average particle size of 0.01 // m with a purity of More than 99.8% of carbon black is used as an additive. 0.5 wt% of cobalt powder, 0.5 wt% of iron powder, and 0.0001 wt% of carbon black were added to the aforementioned ZnS powder, and mixed by dry ball milling for 20 hours. Thereafter, the same forming, sintering, and upper and lower mirror processing were performed as in the first embodiment, and finally a sintered body having a diameter of 55 mm and a thickness of 0.1 mm was obtained. The relative density of the obtained sintered compact was almost 100% and densified. The linear transmittance of the obtained sintered body sample was measured by a spectrophotometer and laser in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The results are shown in Figure 2 by the solid line. The solid line and indicate the invention, and the dotted line and # indicate the conventional ZnS. Judging from the second figure, the ZnS of the present invention has a wavelength range of 0.4 ~ 3. 15 This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 gauge Γ (210 x 297 public love) (This page)
r裝--------訂---^------線I 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（β ) 的透光率，遮斷至20%以下，而且，波長8〜12//m範圍 的透光率，係爲65%以上的良好透光。尙且，以本實施例 添加劑的組合而有效率的遮蔽波長0.4〜3範圍的光， 鈷與鐵個別必須添加0.01 Wt%以上，碳黑必須添加 O.OOlWt% 以上。 與第1圖做比較，第二實施例之添加劑的組合與第 一'貫施例之添加劑的組合相比’在波長2 // m附近的透光 率約爲19%而較高，然而以雷射測定，特別是以83〇nm的 透光率爲10%以下，而判明爲大幅降低。 第三實施例 準備與第一實施例相同的ZnS粉末作爲主成分。再 來，準備平均粒徑0.5//m，純度爲99.7%以上的Fe304粉 末，與平均粒徑2// m，純度爲99.9%以上的銀粉末作爲添 加劑。前述ZnS粉末中加入0.05wt% Fe304粉末、〇.〇5wt% 銀粉末，以乾式球磨混合20小時。其後進行與第一實施 例同樣的成形、燒結與上下面鏡面加工，最終得到直徑爲 55mm，厚度0.5mm的燒結體。所得的燒結體密度爲4·〇9， 幾乎與理論密度相同而能夠確認爲緻密的燒結。再以與第 一實施例相同的方法，使用分光光度計與雷射測定°結果 如第3圖實線所示。實線與▲表示爲本發明’虛線與♦表 示爲習知型ZnS。本實施例之ZnS，能夠將波長〇·4〜 m範圍的透光率抑制爲10%以下，因此判明較佳爲適用於 0.4〜3 // m範圍波長區域成爲雜訊而引起性能降低之紅外 16 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------tr----------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（丨（） 光感測器的濾鏡◦而且，與第1圖做比較，波長8 // m以 下的透光率受到抑制，而判明波長8〜12//m範圍的透光 率變高。亦即是，能夠藉由選擇添加劑的種類與組合以控 制遮光特性與透光特性。而且，藉由雷射評價，於短波長 亦較習知的ZnS更良好的遮蔽光線。尙且，本實施例之添 加劑的組合，銀與Fe304個別未添加〇.〇lwt%以上則沒有 效果。 第四實施例 準備與第一實施例相同的ZnS粉末作爲主成分。在 準備如表1所示的各種添加劑。將ZnS粉末加入一種之表 1所示各添加劑，以乾式球磨混合20小時以得4種類的混 合粉末。個別的粉末進行與第一實施例同樣的成形、燒結 與上下面鏡面加工，最終得到4種類的直徑爲55mm，厚 度0.5mm的燒結體。所得燒結體的密度，其相對密度皆幾 乎爲100%而緻密化。以與第一實施例相同的方法，使用 分光光度計測定透光率。而且亦與第一實施例相同進行雷 射的評價。其結果如第4圖所示。a-d爲本發明，虛線與 表示爲習知的ZnS。以雷射評價的結果，未記載添加Fe、 Fe304者，添加Co者以△表示，添加Ag者以◊表示，習 知的ZnS以#表示。尙且，波長1〇 的圖形重疊。 17 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂---------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 546487 A7 B7 9417pif.doc/008 五、發明說明（!< ) 添加劑 平均粒徑 (// m) 純度(％) 添加量 (wt%) a Fe 2 98.2 0.5 b Co 1 99.9 0.5 — c Ag 2 99.9 0.05 d Fe304 0.5 99.7 0.05 如本實施例添加劑爲一種類的場合，依照添加劑之 不同，而表示出於可見光至近紅外光其個別特有之透光特 性。單獨添加Fe的話，能夠選擇、吸收波長2〜4//m範 圍的光◦ Co的場合，能夠選擇、吸收波長1〜2/zm範圍 的光。Ag的場合能夠降低可見光〜近紅外光全體的透光 率，而能夠將波長0.4〜3 // m範圍的透光率降低爲50%以 下。再者，Fe304的場合，能夠降低可見光〜近紅外光全 體的透光率，而能夠將波長0.4〜3//m範圍的透光率降低 爲20%以下。因此，特別是由於0.4〜3//m範圍的光係爲 雜訊’較佳爲儘可能的將之遮蔽。依此的用途例如是所舉 的紅外光感測器用爐鏡。而且，同圖所示係爲即使以前述 雷射進行評價，添加Co、Ag者判明其可見光的散亂光少。 如上所述僅添加1種類特定添加劑的話，則能夠因應添加 劑的種類遮蔽特定波長區域的光。 18 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 x 297公釐） -------------------訂---：------線· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 A7 B7 ___I_ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 94l7pif°d〇c/〇〇8 發明說明（（6 ) 第五實施例 陶瓷材料係使用Zns爲主成分所構成的材料調製。 準備由ZnS形成，其平均粒徑爲i “ m，純度爲99.990/。以 上的物質作爲主成分原料所形成的粉末。準備平均粒徑2 //m，純度爲98.2%以上的鐵粉末與平均粒徑〇.〇i#m， 純度爲99·8°/。以上的碳黑作爲添加劑。將此些粉末預先粉 碎。前述ZnS粉末中加入〇.5wt%鐵粉末、〇.〇〇1糾％碳黑 以乾式球磨混合。其後進行與第一實施例同樣的成形、燒 結與上下面鏡面加工，最終得到直徑爲30mm，厚度〇.5mm 的燒結體。此燒結體的透光特性與第一實施例同樣的以分 光光度計測定，所得的光學特性係爲〇.4〜與2」 〜的透光率爲15%以下，8〜12//m的透光率爲55% 以上。 十川、 第六實施例 陶瓷材料係使用ZnSe爲主成分所構成的材料調製。 準備由ZnSe形成，其平均粒徑爲1//m，純度爲二·=9% 以上的物質作爲主成分原料所形成的粉末。樂備平均粒徑 2// m，純度爲98·2%以上的鐵粉末與平均粒徑〇 ⑺， 純度爲99.8%以上的碳黑作爲添加劑。前述粉末中 加入0.5wt%鐵粉末、O.OOlwt%碳黑，並與第—實施例相 同的混合、成形。 其次此成形體置入附上下衝頭的石囊製單軸加_式 鑄模內，於O.lSPa的真空環境中昇溫。其後於相同氣 19 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） _____________--------^---.------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 546487 五、發明說明（η ) 境保持於攝氏950度後，使用上衝頭持續施加一小時之 40MPa的壓力以熱壓燒結。所得的燒結體密度，其爲5.41 且與相對密度幾乎爲100%而緻密化。再者，進行鏡面加 工，最終形成直徑爲55mm，厚度〇.5mm的燒結體。並藉 由與第一實施例相同的方法，使用分光光度計測定透光 率。而且，亦與第一實施例相同以前述雷射進行評價。此 結果如第5圖所示，表示爲本發明，□表示爲未添加之 ZnSe。 如第5圖所示，未添加之ZnSe對於波長〇.4//m以 上的波長，亦即是可見光至近紅外光之廣範圍的光具有良 好透過性。如同本實施例添加添加劑的話，0.4〜3// m範 圍的透光率會成爲25%以下，且波長8〜12//m範圍的透 光率則能夠成爲6〇%以上。而且，以雷射進行評價的話， 於本貫施例的場合，分光光度計對透光率的差値幾乎沒有 影響。亦即是，以ZnSe爲主成分的話將不易受到散亂的 影響。 第七實施例 陶瓷材料係使用Ge爲主成分所構成的材料調製。準 備由Ge形成，其平均粒徑爲m，純度爲99 以上 的物質作爲主成分原料所形成的粉末。準備平均粒徑2// m，純度爲98·2°/。以上的鐵粉末作爲添加劑。在前述Ge粉 末中加入OJwt%鐵粉末，並與第一實施例相同的混合、 成形。 20 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 546487 A7 B7 4l7pif.doc/008 五、發明說明（p) 其次，此成形體置入附上下衝頭的石墨製單軸加壓 式鑄模內，於〇.15Pa的真空環境中昇溫。其後於相同氣體 環境保持於攝氏550度後，使用上衝頭持續施加一小時之 40MPa的壓力以熱壓燒結。所得的燒結體密度，其爲5·34 且與相對密度幾乎爲而緻密化。再者，進行鏡面加 工，最終形成直徑爲55mm，厚度0.5mm的燒結體。藉由 與第一實施例相同的方法，使用分光光度計測定透光率。 其結果如第5圖所示，▲表示爲本發明，△表示爲未添加 之Ge。尙且，波長830nm與的圖形重疊。 如第6圖所示，未添加之Ge對於波長2// m以上的 波長，亦即是可見光至近紅外光之廣範圍的光具有良好透 光性，然而如同本實施例加入添加劑的話，能夠選擇性遮 蔽波長2〜4// m範圍的光。而且，由於Ge的反射係數高， 如第6圖所示波長8〜12 範圍的透光率爲4〇%左右。 因此，Ge爲主成分的場合，本發明爲了得到5〇%以上的 透光率，至少必須於一面施以抗反射塗佈。抗反射塗佈係 能夠以已知的任何方法施行。 產業上利用性 本發明的陶瓷光學元件，係藉由在其材料所形成的 陶瓷中，以習知所沒有之均勻且細微的分散、加入1種或 2種以上之遮蔽可見光至近紅外光的添加劑，而形成具有 遮蔽部分或是全部的可見光至近紅外光，且遠紅外光的透 光性良好之獨特光學特性的材料。因此，能夠提供此種材 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂---------線* (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 9417pif.doc/008 546487 A7 _B7__ 五、發明說明（^ ) 料，其目的或用途最適合作爲高機能紅外光利用裝置所用 的視窗材料或透鏡材料等光學元件。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2 2 ----------丨#1------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) tri 線#- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）r installed -------- order --- ^ ------ line I printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 546487 5. The light transmittance of the invention description (β), cut off to 20 % Or less, and the light transmittance in the wavelength range of 8 to 12 // m is a good light transmittance of 65% or more. In addition, with the combination of additives in this embodiment, the light in the wavelength range of 0.4 to 3 can be effectively shielded. Cobalt and iron must be individually added to 0.01 Wt% or more, and carbon black must be added to O.OOlWt% or more. Compared with FIG. 1, the combination of the additive of the second embodiment is higher than the combination of the additive of the first embodiment at the wavelength of 2 // m and the light transmittance is about 19%, but it is higher. The laser measurement showed that the light transmittance at 8300 nm was 10% or less, and it was found that the transmittance was significantly reduced. Third Embodiment The same ZnS powder as in the first embodiment was prepared as a main component. Further, Fe304 powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 // m and a purity of 99.7% or more, and silver powder having an average particle diameter of 2 // m and a purity of 99.9% or more were prepared as additives. 0.05 wt% Fe304 powder and 0.05 wt% silver powder were added to the ZnS powder, and mixed by dry ball milling for 20 hours. Thereafter, the same molding, sintering, and upper and lower mirror processing were performed as in the first embodiment, and finally a sintered body having a diameter of 55 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained. The density of the obtained sintered body was 4.09, which was almost the same as the theoretical density, and it was confirmed that it was dense sintered. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the results of measuring ° using a spectrophotometer and a laser are shown in Fig. 3 as a solid line. The solid line and ▲ represent the dotted line of the present invention 'and ♦ the conventional ZnS. The ZnS in this embodiment can suppress the light transmittance in the wavelength range of 0.4 to m to less than 10%. Therefore, it is determined that it is suitable to be suitable for the infrared in the wavelength range of 0.4 to 3 // m, which causes performance degradation due to noise. 16 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- tr --------- -Line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed 546487 V. Description of the invention (丨 () Filters for light sensors ◦ Also, compare with Figure 1 , The light transmittance below the wavelength 8 // m is suppressed, and it is determined that the light transmittance in the wavelength range 8 to 12 // m becomes higher. That is, the type and combination of additives can be selected to control the light shielding characteristics and transmittance. Light characteristics. Also, by laser evaluation, it is better to shield light than conventional ZnS at short wavelengths. Also, the combination of additives in this embodiment, silver and Fe304 are not individually added 0.001% by weight or more No effect. In the fourth embodiment, the same ZnS powder as in the first embodiment was prepared as a main component. Additives: ZnS powder is added to one of the additives shown in Table 1, and mixed by dry ball milling for 20 hours to obtain 4 kinds of mixed powders. The individual powders are shaped, sintered, and mirror-processed on the upper and lower surfaces, and finally Four types of sintered bodies having a diameter of 55 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm were obtained. The density and relative density of the obtained sintered bodies were almost 100% and densified. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the light transmission was measured using a spectrophotometer. In addition, the laser evaluation was performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The results are shown in Fig. 4. The ad is the present invention, and the dotted line and the conventional ZnS are shown. The results of the laser evaluation did not include the addition of Fe. For Fe304, for those who add Co, use △, for those who add Ag, use ◊, and for conventional ZnS, use #. In addition, the graph of wavelength 10 overlaps. 17 This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ( 210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --------- line · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) 546487 A7 B7 9417pif.doc / 008 V. Description of the invention (! ≪) Average particle size of additives ( // m) Purity (%) Addition amount (wt%) a Fe 2 98.2 0.5 b Co 1 99.9 0.5 — c Ag 2 99.9 0.05 d Fe304 0.5 99.7 0.05 If the additive in this example is a kind, it depends on the additives It indicates that it is due to the unique light transmission characteristics of visible light to near-infrared light. When Fe is added alone, it can select and absorb light in the wavelength range of 2 ~ 4 // m. ◦ For Co, it can select and absorb wavelength of 1 ~ 2 / Light in the zm range. In the case of Ag, the transmittance of the entire visible light to near-infrared light can be reduced, and the transmittance in the wavelength range of 0.4 to 3 // m can be reduced to 50% or less. In addition, in the case of Fe304, the total transmittance of visible light to near-infrared light can be reduced, and the transmittance in the wavelength range of 0.4 to 3 // m can be reduced to 20% or less. Therefore, in particular, since the light system in the range of 0.4 to 3 // m is noise, it is preferable to shield it as much as possible. An application according to this is, for example, a furnace mirror for an infrared light sensor. In addition, the figure shows that even if the laser is used for the evaluation, those who add Co and Ag determine that the scattered light of visible light is small. As described above, when only one type of specific additive is added, light in a specific wavelength region can be shielded according to the type of the additive. 18 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) ------------------- Order ---: ----- -Line · (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 546487 A7 B7 ___I_ Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 94l7pif ° d〇c / 〇〇8 Invention Explanation ((6) The ceramic material of the fifth embodiment is prepared by using Zns as the main component. It is prepared from ZnS with an average particle diameter of i "m and a purity of 99.990 /. The formed powder. An iron powder having an average particle size of 2 // m, a purity of 98.2% or more, and an average particle size of 〇i # m, and a purity of 99 · 8 ° /. Are prepared as additives. The powder was pulverized in advance. 0.5 wt% iron powder and 0.0001% carbon black were added to the aforementioned ZnS powder and mixed by dry ball milling. Thereafter, the same molding, sintering, and upper and lower mirror processing were performed as in the first embodiment, and finally A sintered body having a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained. The light transmission characteristics of this sintered body were the same as those of the first embodiment. Measured with a spectrophotometer, the obtained optical characteristics are from 0.4 to 2 "and the light transmittance is 15% or less, and the light transmittance from 8 to 12 // m is 55% or more. Tokagawa, the sixth embodiment The ceramic material is prepared by using ZnSe as the main component. A powder made of ZnSe with an average particle diameter of 1 // m and a purity of 2 · = 9% or more as the main component raw material is prepared. Iron powder with a particle size of 2 // m, a purity of 98.2% or more, and carbon black with an average particle size of 0⑺, and a purity of 99.8% or more as additives. The foregoing powder was added with 0.5% by weight of iron powder and 0.001% by weight of carbon It is black and mixed and formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Next, the formed body is placed in a uniaxial plus-type mold made of stone bladder with upper and lower punches, and the temperature is raised in a vacuum environment of 0.1 SPa. Gas 19 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) _____________-------- ^ ---.------ (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) _ Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs' Consumer Cooperatives 546487 V. Description of invention (η) The environment is maintained at 950 ° C Then, the upper punch was used to continuously apply a pressure of 40 MPa for one hour to perform hot-press sintering. The density of the obtained sintered body was 5.41 and densified with a relative density of almost 100%. Furthermore, mirror processing was performed to finally form a diameter The sintered body had a thickness of 55 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. The light transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer by the same method as in the first embodiment. Moreover, the laser was used for evaluation as in the first embodiment. This result is shown in Fig. 5 and indicates the present invention, and □ indicates that ZnSe is not added. As shown in Fig. 5, the unadded ZnSe has good transmittance for wavelengths above the wavelength of 0.4 // m, that is, light in a wide range of visible light to near-infrared light. As in this example, if an additive is added, the light transmittance in the range of 0.4 to 3 // m will be 25% or less, and the light transmittance in the range of 8 to 12 // m can be 60% or more. In addition, when evaluated by laser, in the case of this embodiment, the spectrophotometer has little effect on the difference in transmittance. In other words, if ZnSe is the main component, it will not be easily affected by scattering. Seventh Embodiment A ceramic material is prepared using a material composed of Ge as a main component. A powder made of Ge, having an average particle diameter of m and a purity of 99 or more, is prepared as a main component raw material. An average particle diameter of 2 // m and a purity of 98 · 2 ° / were prepared. The above iron powder is used as an additive. OJwt% iron powder was added to the aforementioned Ge powder, and mixed and shaped in the same manner as in the first embodiment. 20 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 546487 A7 B7 4l7pif.doc / 008 V. Description of the invention (p) Secondly, the formed body is placed in a graphite uniaxial pressurized mold with an upper and a lower punch. The temperature was raised in a vacuum environment of 0.15 Pa. Thereafter, the temperature was maintained at 550 ° C in the same gas environment, and a pressure of 40 MPa was continuously applied for one hour using the upper punch to sinter by hot pressing. The density of the obtained sintered body was 5.34, and the density was almost densified with the relative density. Furthermore, mirror processing was performed to finally form a sintered body having a diameter of 55 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the light transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer. The results are shown in Fig. 5, where ▲ indicates the present invention and △ indicates that Ge was not added. In addition, the pattern with a wavelength of 830 nm overlaps. As shown in FIG. 6, the unadded Ge has good light transmittance for wavelengths above the wavelength 2 // m, that is, a wide range of light from visible light to near-infrared light. However, as in this embodiment, additives can be selected, Sexually shields light in the wavelength range of 2 to 4 // m. In addition, since the reflection coefficient of Ge is high, the light transmittance in the wavelength range of 8 to 12 as shown in FIG. 6 is about 40%. Therefore, in the case where Ge is the main component, in order to obtain a light transmittance of 50% or more, the antireflective coating must be applied to at least one side. The anti-reflection coating can be performed by any known method. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The ceramic optical element of the present invention is made by adding uniform or fine dispersion which is not known in the ceramics formed from the material, and adding one or more additives that block visible light to near-infrared light. To form a material with unique optical characteristics that shields part or all of visible light to near-infrared light, and far-infrared light has good light transmission. Therefore, we can provide the paper size of this material to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --- ------ Line * (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 9417pif.doc / 008 546487 A7 _B7__ V. Description of the invention (^), its purpose Or it is most suitable as an optical element such as a window material or a lens material used in a high-performance infrared light utilization device. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China 2 2 ---------- 丨 # 1 ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) tri line #-This paper Standards apply to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)