JP5249181B2 - 微孔質材料の射出成形 - Google Patents
微孔質材料の射出成形 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5249181B2 JP5249181B2 JP2009274155A JP2009274155A JP5249181B2 JP 5249181 B2 JP5249181 B2 JP 5249181B2 JP 2009274155 A JP2009274155 A JP 2009274155A JP 2009274155 A JP2009274155 A JP 2009274155A JP 5249181 B2 JP5249181 B2 JP 5249181B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29B7/726—Measuring properties of mixture, e.g. temperature or density
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
- B29B7/823—Temperature control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
- B29C44/0461—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities by having different chemical compositions in different places, e.g. having different concentrations of foaming agent, feeding one composition after the other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
- B29C44/0492—Devices for feeding the different materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
- B29C44/3446—Feeding the blowing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/269—Extrusion in non-steady condition, e.g. start-up or shut-down
- B29C48/2694—Intermittent extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
- B29C48/388—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using a screw extruder and a ram or piston
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/45—Axially movable screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/74—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0011—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with compression moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0012—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
- B29C48/29—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in liquid form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
Description
米国特許第4,479,914号(Baumrucker)は、発泡製品の形成方法を記載しており、この方法において金型キャビティは気体で加圧され、発泡剤が注入された材料からキャビティ中に早期に拡散することが防止される。予備加圧気体は、発泡されるべき材料の射出中にガス抜きされ、最終的に真空室を真空にしそして金型キャビティの全体に亘って材料を取り出す。
押出スクリューからの発泡剤を、ポリマー押出装置のバレル内に注入することを含む方法も提供される。
ポリマー材料と発泡剤の単一相の非核形成溶液確立し、その溶液を成形室中に導入し、その間溶液を核形成し、金型を割りそれにより気泡成長を生じさせ、次いで成形室の形状と類似する形状を有するが、成形室よりもより大きい微孔質ポリマー製品を回収することを含む方法も提供される。
図1の系は、ポリマー材料と発泡剤の単相の非-核形成化溶液を、スクリュー38の回転作用によって成形チャンバ37内へ推進しながら、急激な圧力降下によって核形成させる、本発明の一般的な一態様を示す。本態様は、押込成形法を示し、この態様では、たった1つの発泡剤導入ポート54を使用するだけでよい。
図3及び4は、本発明の射出成形系で使用するための別の態様に従った成形チャンバを示す。図3では、金型キャビティ84、温度制御素子82、可動壁80、加圧部材(示されていない)、及び記載の好ましい態様では、入口端部69と金型キャビティ84のオリフィスを画定する離型端部70とを有する核形成経路67を含む少なくとも核形成器66を含む、可動壁成形チャンバ71が示されている。一態様では、可動壁成形チャンバ71は、複数の核形成器66を含む。可動壁80は、金型がポリマー前駆体と発泡剤との核形成化混合物で充填されるにつれて、金型容積が増加するように調節することができ、これにより、金型内に一定圧力を保持する。このようにして、気泡の成長は、制限、即ち、好適に制御することができる。
図8は、本発明の別の態様による射出成形系100を概略的に示す。射出成形系100は、第1の上流端部104及び、成形チャンバ108に接続した第二の下流端部106を有するバレル102を含む、図1に示されたものと同様の押出機を含む。その上流端部に、バレル102内で往復及び回転させるために、駆動モーター(示されていない)に操作可能に接続されたスクリュー110が据え付けられている。取入口113及びバレルのポート115、取入口の下流ポートを接続する副流(sidestream)114は、順に流動的に接続した溶融ポンプ116及びミキサー118を含む。溶融ポンプ116は、当業界で公知のギアポンプまたは小さな押出機であってもよい。
40mmプランジャー中に溶融ポリマーを供給する32:1 l/d、40mm可塑化ユニットを有する二段階射出成形機(Engel製造)を構成した。プランジャーと可塑化ユニットとは、スプリング入りボールチェック・ジョイナーアセンブリ(spring loaded ball check joiner assembly)によって連結された。プランジャーは典型的な空気圧駆動シャットオフノズル(pneumatically driven shut-off nozzle)から型に射出することができた。0.02インチ直径のオリフィス176個を含有する半径方向に配置された1つのポートを包含する射出系を約16〜20直径の所に配置することによって、超臨界CO2の射出を行った。この射出系は発泡剤の質量流量を0.2〜12 lb/時の速度において測定するための作動制御弁を包含した。
実施例2:微孔質ポリスチレンの射出成形
実施例1に述べた通りの成形機を用いて、微孔質ポリスチレンプラック(plaques)を成形した。ポリスチレンペレット(Novacor 2282、11M.I.)をプラスチケータ中に供給し、大抵の場合には、発泡剤を混合して、単相溶液を形成し、次に、5x11x0.050インチのセンターゲートプラック型(center gated plaque mold)中に射出することによって核形成した。射出は冷スプルーを通して行った。射出速度を変化させて、加工変数と気泡サイズと重量減少との関係を調べた。気泡を30ミクロン以下に、重量減少は20%程度に制御した。表1と2及び対応する図10〜15を参照のこと。
表1:気泡サイズと重量減少に対する射出速度の効果
溶融温度=160℃
型温度=66℃
射出速度=4.0”/秒
スプルー=0.375’直径
実施例1に述べた通りの成形機を用いて、PET(Eastman、0.95IV)を成形して、350゜F(176.7℃)における4時間の乾燥後に5x11x0.200インチキャビティにした。溶融物加工温度は550゜F(287.8℃)であり、型温度は151゜F(66.1℃)であり、12%CO2を注入した。溶融物加圧圧力を3000psiに維持し、射出速度は5.0インチ/秒であった。
実施例4:ポリプロピレンの高レベルの重量減少までの射出成形
実施例1に述べた通りの成形機を用いて、ポリプロピレン(4溶融流量(MFR)、コポリマー、Montell7523)、ポリプロピレン(4MFR、コポリマー、Montell SD−376)及びタルク充填剤入りポリプロピレン(4MFR、40%タルク充填剤入り、Montell 65f4−4)を5x11x“可変厚さ”インチプラックに成形した。下記条件を用いることによって、大きい重量減少が達成された。
実施例1に述べた通りの成形機を用いて、型温度が150゜F(65.6℃)〜250゜F(121.1℃)の範囲であり、冷却時間が3.2〜22.8秒間の範囲であること以外は、実施例2に見い出される条件と同じ条件下でポリスチレンを成形した。次のように大きい密度低下が見られた:
実施例1に述べた通りの成形機を用いて、ポリスチレン(Novacor 2282 11M.I.)を成形した。ポリスチレンペレットをプラスチケータに供給して、実施例2に述べたように射出した。型に射出した材料を型内でポリスチレンの凝固温度より低い温度に冷却した。型を開いて、部品を発泡していない状態で取り出した。次に、この部品を外部熱源(グリセリン浴)にさらすと、このときに部品は核形成して、気泡が成長した。微孔質物品が得られた。
実施例7:ポリマー成形における粘度低下の実証
この実施例は、微孔質発泡の利益を理解して、比較的低温でポリマー材料を型に導入するように粘度を低下させるための、超臨界流体発泡剤を用いることの利点を実証する。
実施例8:ポリプロピレンの結晶融点未満でのポリプロピレンの射出成形
実施例1に述べた成形機を用いて、ポリプロピレン(4MFR、コポリマー、Montell 7523)を5x11x0.050インチ型に成形した。0%発泡剤では、このような型に充填するために必要な典型的な溶融温度は約430゜F(221.1℃)である。15%超臨界二酸化炭素発泡剤では、公称325゜F(162.8℃)であるポリプロピレンの結晶融点未満でポリプロピレンを射出することが可能であった。実際の溶融温度は310゜F(154.4℃)であった。
実施例9:ほぼ完全な表面を有する微孔質発泡物品の実証
実施例1に述べた通りの成形機を用いて、ポリスチレン(Novacor 2282 11M.I.)を成形した。ポリスチレンペレットをプラスチケータに供給し、CO2発泡剤を混合して、超臨界CO2とポリスチレンとの単相溶液を形成し、5x11x0.050インチのプラック型への射出によって核形成した。加工条件を最適化して、高い核形成密度と固体様スキンとを得るために適当な条件を同定した。この方法の有効性を実証するために顕微鏡写真のフォトコピーを図16〜18として示す。図16は比較のために提供するものであり、標準の非発泡射出成形法を用いて射出成形された固体非発泡ポリスチレンを示す。
Claims (13)
- 流動可能な材料を成形チャンバー内に強送し、微孔質ポリマー物品を前記成形チャンバー中で射出成形させた微孔質ポリマー物品であって、0.318cm(0.125インチ)未満の横断面寸法を有する少なくとも一部を含む、成形チャンバーの形と同一の形を有する成形された、平均直径100ミクロン未満のサイズの気泡を含有する微孔質ポリマー物品、を含む物品。
- 化学発泡剤を含まないか、化学発泡剤の反応副生物を含まない請求項1記載の物品。
- 0.254cm(0.100インチ)未満の横断面寸法を有する少なくとも一部を含む請求項1記載の物品。
- 0.191cm(0.075インチ)未満の横断面寸法を有する少なくとも一部を含む請求項1記載の物品。
- 0.127cm(0.050インチ)未満の横断面寸法を有する少なくとも一部を含む請求項1記載の物品。
- 0.0635cm(0.025インチ)未満の横断面寸法を有する少なくとも一部を含む請求項1記載の物品。
- 0.0254cm(0.010インチ)未満の横断面寸法を有する少なくとも一部を含む請求項1記載の物品。
- 30ミクロン未満の平均気泡サイズを有する請求項1記載の物品。
- 50ミクロンの最大気泡サイズを有する請求項1記載の物品。
- 5ミクロンの最大気泡サイズを有する請求項1記載の物品。
- 前記微孔質ポリマー物品が独立気泡である請求項1記載の物品。
- 前記微孔質ポリマー物品が、前記のポリマー材料と発泡剤との混合物を成形チャンバー内に導入したときに、前記混合物を核形成することにより形成される請求項1記載の物品。
- 核形成剤を含まない請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の物品。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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US3563197P | 1997-01-16 | 1997-01-16 | |
US6835097P | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | |
US60/035,631 | 1997-12-19 | ||
US60/068,350 | 1997-12-19 |
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JP53452398A Division JP4460074B2 (ja) | 1997-01-16 | 1998-01-16 | 微孔質材料の射出成形 |
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JP2010047022A JP2010047022A (ja) | 2010-03-04 |
JP5249181B2 true JP5249181B2 (ja) | 2013-07-31 |
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JP53452398A Expired - Lifetime JP4460074B2 (ja) | 1997-01-16 | 1998-01-16 | 微孔質材料の射出成形 |
JP2006284134A Pending JP2007015398A (ja) | 1997-01-16 | 2006-10-18 | 微孔質材料の射出成形 |
JP2009274155A Expired - Lifetime JP5249181B2 (ja) | 1997-01-16 | 2009-12-02 | 微孔質材料の射出成形 |
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JP53452398A Expired - Lifetime JP4460074B2 (ja) | 1997-01-16 | 1998-01-16 | 微孔質材料の射出成形 |
JP2006284134A Pending JP2007015398A (ja) | 1997-01-16 | 2006-10-18 | 微孔質材料の射出成形 |
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EP (3) | EP1264672B1 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP4460074B2 (ja) |
AT (2) | ATE272482T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU742749B2 (ja) |
CA (2) | CA2278147C (ja) |
DE (5) | DE69805957T2 (ja) |
ES (2) | ES2225692T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1998031521A2 (ja) |
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-
1998
- 1998-01-16 DE DE69805957T patent/DE69805957T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 JP JP53452398A patent/JP4460074B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 CA CA002278147A patent/CA2278147C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 ES ES02011582T patent/ES2225692T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 EP EP02011582A patent/EP1264672B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 DE DE29825165U patent/DE29825165U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 EP EP98902562A patent/EP0952908B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1998-01-16 DE DE29825166U patent/DE29825166U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 DE DE29825167U patent/DE29825167U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 AT AT02011582T patent/ATE272482T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-16 AU AU59191/98A patent/AU742749B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-01-16 ES ES98902562T patent/ES2178148T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 EP EP04018353.5A patent/EP1475208B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1998-01-16 CA CA002480025A patent/CA2480025C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-16 AT AT98902562T patent/ATE218961T1/de active
- 1998-01-16 WO PCT/US1998/000773 patent/WO1998031521A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-01-16 DE DE69825498T patent/DE69825498T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-10-18 JP JP2006284134A patent/JP2007015398A/ja active Pending
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2009
- 2009-12-02 JP JP2009274155A patent/JP5249181B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE272482T1 (de) | 2004-08-15 |
WO1998031521A3 (en) | 1999-01-28 |
WO1998031521A2 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
EP1264672A1 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
AU5919198A (en) | 1998-08-07 |
EP1475208A2 (en) | 2004-11-10 |
CA2480025A1 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
JP2010047022A (ja) | 2010-03-04 |
DE69805957D1 (de) | 2002-07-18 |
ATE218961T1 (de) | 2002-06-15 |
AU742749B2 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
EP0952908A2 (en) | 1999-11-03 |
ES2178148T3 (es) | 2002-12-16 |
DE29825167U1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
CA2480025C (en) | 2007-09-04 |
ES2225692T3 (es) | 2005-03-16 |
JP4460074B2 (ja) | 2010-05-12 |
EP0952908B1 (en) | 2002-06-12 |
EP1264672B1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
CA2278147C (en) | 2004-11-09 |
DE69825498D1 (de) | 2004-09-09 |
DE29825166U1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
EP1475208B1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
DE69825498T2 (de) | 2005-08-11 |
JP2007015398A (ja) | 2007-01-25 |
DE29825165U1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
DE69805957T2 (de) | 2003-01-02 |
EP1475208A3 (en) | 2007-02-21 |
CA2278147A1 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
JP2001508718A (ja) | 2001-07-03 |
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