JP4978098B2 - 電気脱イオン装置 - Google Patents
電気脱イオン装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4978098B2 JP4978098B2 JP2006211471A JP2006211471A JP4978098B2 JP 4978098 B2 JP4978098 B2 JP 4978098B2 JP 2006211471 A JP2006211471 A JP 2006211471A JP 2006211471 A JP2006211471 A JP 2006211471A JP 4978098 B2 JP4978098 B2 JP 4978098B2
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- 238000009296 electrodeionization Methods 0.000 title claims description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920003934 Aciplex® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- WORJEOGGNQDSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform;methanol Chemical compound OC.ClC(Cl)Cl WORJEOGGNQDSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
- B01D61/485—Specific features relating to the ion-exchange material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
- C02F1/4695—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis electrodeionisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/30—Specific dilution or de-ionizing chambers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/4602—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for prevention or elimination of deposits
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/343—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the pharmaceutical industry, e.g. containing antibiotics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/346—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from semiconductor processing, e.g. waste water from polishing of wafers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/003—Downstream control, i.e. outlet monitoring, e.g. to check the treating agents, such as halogens or ozone, leaving the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Description
なお、以下の比較例及び実施例で用いた試験装置は、下記の装置を活性炭装置、電気脱イオン装置の順で直列に配置したものである。
活性炭装置:栗田工業社製「クリコールKW10−30」
電気脱イオン装置:栗田工業社製「クリテノンSH型」
処理水量:420L/hr
被処理水:給水Ca濃度28ppm(CaCO3換算)
給水CO2濃度29ppm(CaCO3換算)
電気脱イオン装置のイオン交換膜、及び脱塩室と濃縮室とに充填するイオン交換樹脂として以下のものを用い、上記被処理水を1段RO膜処理した水を電気脱イオン装置の被処理水として、表1に示す条件で通水を行い、得られた処理水の導電率及び濃縮室流量を10L/hrで通水したときの脱塩室と濃縮室との差圧の経時変化を測定した。
結果を表1に示す。
なお、濃縮室循環水の補給水及び電極室水としては、被処理水を用いた。
カチオン交換膜:旭化成工業社製,「アシプレックスK501SB」
イオン交換樹脂:アニオン交換樹脂(三菱化学社製,「SA10A」)とカチオン交換樹脂(三菱化学社製,「SK1B」)とを6:4の体積混合比率で混合したもの。
比較例1で用いた電気脱イオン装置の濃縮室にバイポーラ膜を設け、図1に示す電気脱イオン装置を組み立て、さらに被処理水の代わりに脱塩室から得られた脱イオン水の一部(15%)を濃縮室循環水の補給水及び電極室水として送球したこと以外は同様にして、表1に示す通水条件で試験を行った。
結果を表1に示す。
スルホン酸基をイオン交換基とするカチオン交換膜(徳山曹達社製、商品名:ネオセプタCM−1)を予めサンドペーパーにより処理して一方の表面に凹凸を設けた後、2質量%の塩化第一鉄(FeCl2)水溶液に25℃で1時間浸漬した後、イオン交換水で十分に洗浄して室温で風乾した。
比較例2で用いた電気脱イオン装置の脱塩室を3層に分割し、脱塩室における被処理水の流れ方向の上流側から見て第1層及び第3層に体積比率でアニオン交換樹脂が30体積%となるようにアニオン交換樹脂及びカチオン交換樹脂の混合樹脂を充填し、第2層に体積比率でアニオン交換樹脂が70体積%となるようアニオン交換樹脂及びカチオン交換樹脂の混合樹脂に充填したこと以外は同様にして、表1に示す通水条件で試験を行った。
結果を表1に示す。
11…陽極
12…陰極
13…アニオン交換膜
14…カチオン交換膜
15…濃縮室
16…脱塩室
17…陽極室
18…陰極室
20…バイポーラ膜
20A…アニオン交換層面
20B…カチオン交換層面
30…イオン交換体
30A…アニオン交換樹脂
30B…カチオン交換樹脂
Claims (7)
- 陰極と陽極との間に、複数のアニオン交換膜とカチオン交換膜とを交互に配列して濃縮室と脱塩室とを交互に形成してなり、当該濃縮室にバイポーラ膜を設けて当該濃縮室内を陰極側と陽極側とに区画してなる電気脱イオン装置であって、
前記脱塩室を、被処理水の流れ方向の上流側から第1層及び第2層の少なくとも二層に分割してアニオン交換体とカチオン交換体とからなるイオン交換体を充填し、
前記第1層に充填されるイオン交換体は、前記カチオン交換体を50体積%以上含んでおり、
前記第2層に充填されるイオン交換体は、前記アニオン交換体を50超〜80体積%含むことを特徴とする電気脱イオン装置。 - 陰極と陽極との間に、複数のアニオン交換膜とカチオン交換膜とを交互に配列して濃縮室と脱塩室とを交互に形成してなり、当該濃縮室にバイポーラ膜を設けて当該濃縮室内を陰極側と陽極側とに区画してなる電気脱イオン装置であって、
前記脱塩室を、被処理水の流れ方向の上流側から第1層、第2層及び第3層の少なくとも三層に分割してアニオン交換体とカチオン交換体とからなるイオン交換体を充填し、
前記第1層及び第3層に充填されるイオン交換体は、前記カチオン交換体を50体積%以上含んでおり、
前記第2層に充填されるイオン交換体は、前記アニオン交換体を50超〜80体積%含むことを特徴とする電気脱イオン装置。 - 全硬度成分の濃度が、炭酸カルシウム換算濃度で0.5mg/L以上である被処理水を処理することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の電気脱イオン装置。
- pHを6.5以下に調整した被処理水を処理することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の電気脱イオン装置。
- 前記バイポーラ膜は、アニオン交換層面が陽極側に位置し、カチオン交換層面が陰極側に位置するように前記濃縮室内に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の電気脱イオン装置。
- 前記濃縮室内に、イオン交換体が充填されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の電気脱イオン装置。
- 前記脱塩室からの流出水の一部を前記濃縮室の流入側に供給する流路が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の電気脱イオン装置。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006211471A JP4978098B2 (ja) | 2006-08-02 | 2006-08-02 | 電気脱イオン装置 |
PCT/JP2007/065002 WO2008016055A1 (fr) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-31 | Électro déioniseur |
CN2007800329214A CN101541686B (zh) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-31 | 电去离子装置 |
US12/309,758 US8628653B2 (en) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-31 | Electrodeionization apparatus |
KR1020097003737A KR101421097B1 (ko) | 2006-08-02 | 2007-07-31 | 전기 탈이온 장치 |
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JP2006211471A JP4978098B2 (ja) | 2006-08-02 | 2006-08-02 | 電気脱イオン装置 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2008036486A JP2008036486A (ja) | 2008-02-21 |
JP4978098B2 true JP4978098B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
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JP2006211471A Active JP4978098B2 (ja) | 2006-08-02 | 2006-08-02 | 電気脱イオン装置 |
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US (1) | US8628653B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4978098B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101421097B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101541686B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008016055A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2010104007A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-16 | オルガノ株式会社 | 脱イオンモジュール及び電気式脱イオン水製造装置 |
JP5383310B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-13 | 2014-01-08 | オルガノ株式会社 | 脱イオンモジュール及び電気式脱イオン水製造装置 |
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JP2002186973A (ja) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-07-02 | Nec Corp | 電気再生型脱イオン装置 |
US6649037B2 (en) * | 2001-05-29 | 2003-11-18 | United States Filter Corporation | Electrodeionization apparatus and method |
JP3729347B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-13 | 2005-12-21 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | 電気再生式脱塩装置 |
JP3794354B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-08 | 2006-07-05 | 栗田工業株式会社 | 電気脱イオン装置 |
JP2005052766A (ja) | 2003-08-06 | 2005-03-03 | Nippon Rensui Co Ltd | 電気再生式純水製造装置 |
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US20100096269A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
CN101541686B (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
KR101421097B1 (ko) | 2014-07-18 |
JP2008036486A (ja) | 2008-02-21 |
CN101541686A (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
US8628653B2 (en) | 2014-01-14 |
KR20090036596A (ko) | 2009-04-14 |
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