JP4937737B2 - 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料、その製造方法、負極および電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池用負極材料、その製造方法、負極および電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4937737B2 JP4937737B2 JP2006512037A JP2006512037A JP4937737B2 JP 4937737 B2 JP4937737 B2 JP 4937737B2 JP 2006512037 A JP2006512037 A JP 2006512037A JP 2006512037 A JP2006512037 A JP 2006512037A JP 4937737 B2 JP4937737 B2 JP 4937737B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- carbon
- spherical
- electrode material
- secondary battery
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 50
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 34
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical group C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 polycyclic compound Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 6
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021469 graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NWRZGFYWENINNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-tris(ethenyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCCC1(C=C)C=C NWRZGFYWENINNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6-pentaoxepane-5,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OOOOC(=O)O1 BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011530 conductive current collector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012933 diacyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl sulfide Chemical compound C=CSC=C UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRXCBRHBHGNNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) 2,4-dichlorobenzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl WRXCBRHBHGNNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUGAMVVIFZLKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-methoxy-3-methylbutoxy)peroxycarbonyl (3-methoxy-3-methylbutyl)peroxy carbonate Chemical compound COC(C)(C)CCOOOC(=O)OC(=O)OOOCCC(C)(C)OC TUGAMVVIFZLKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl)oxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound C1CC(C(C)(C)C)CCC1OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC1CCC(C(C)(C)C)CC1 NOBYOEQUFMGXBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWKNLRXFUTWSOY-QPJJXVBHSA-N (e)-3-phenylprop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound N#C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 ZWKNLRXFUTWSOY-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVAFEFUPWRPQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-tris(ethenyl)benzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1C=C WVAFEFUPWRPQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJQIXGGEADDPQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)-3,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C=C)C(C=C)=C1C ZJQIXGGEADDPQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLLUAUADIMPKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=C)C(C=C)=CC=C21 QLLUAUADIMPKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKIRBHVFJGXOIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)C OKIRBHVFJGXOIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XIRPMPKSZHNMST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C=C)=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCMUPMSEVHVOSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(ethenyl)pyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CN=C1C=C FCMUPMSEVHVOSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRJIYMRJTJWVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl 3-(5,5-dimethylhexyl)dioxirane-3-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCC1(C(=O)OC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)OO1 CRJIYMRJTJWVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COXCGWKSEPPDAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)C#N COXCGWKSEPPDAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-cyano-4-methylpentan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(C#N)CC(C)C WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBQJCDLKJGOHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylbut-3-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(C=C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 LBQJCDLKJGOHEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethenylbenzene Chemical compound COC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVWBTVJBDFTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(2-methylpropylperoxy)propane Chemical compound CC(C)COOCC(C)C TVWBTVJBDFTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTEZVHMDMFEURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentan-2-yl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C RTEZVHMDMFEURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIAOLBVUVDXHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitroethenylbenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PIAOLBVUVDXHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenamine Chemical compound NC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLLXMBCBJGATSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenol Chemical compound OC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XLLXMBCBJGATSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVRYKHQEWZQCOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DVRYKHQEWZQCOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORNUPNRNNSVZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylthiophene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CS1 ORNUPNRNNSVZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHAHWKLZGBIAKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)benzaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(C=2C=CC(C=O)=CC=2)=N1 KHAHWKLZGBIAKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1,1,1-trifluorobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCBr DBCAQXHNJOFNGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKNWFVHCDNERFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CCCCC1)C(C)(C)C(C(=O)OO)CCCCC(C)(C)C.C(C)(C)(CCC)OOC(CCCCCC(C)(C)C)=O Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)C(C)(C)C(C(=O)OO)CCCCC(C)(C)C.C(C)(C)(CCC)OOC(CCCCCC(C)(C)C)=O XKNWFVHCDNERFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015044 LiB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- QROGIFZRVHSFLM-QHHAFSJGSA-N [(e)-prop-1-enyl]benzene Chemical compound C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 QROGIFZRVHSFLM-QHHAFSJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZSKZXUDGLALTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li][C] Chemical compound [Li][C] YZSKZXUDGLALTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYIKRXIYLAGAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N abcn Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(C#N)N=NC1(C#N)CCCCC1 KYIKRXIYLAGAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HABAXTXIECRCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) butanedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC=C HABAXTXIECRCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) carbonate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)OCC=C JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPODCVUTIPDRTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC=C FPODCVUTIPDRTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKXRKRANFLFTFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) oxalate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C(=O)OCC=C BKXRKRANFLFTFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOESAXAWXYJFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) propanedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC=C AOESAXAWXYJFNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- YFSQILNRXRZPOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxyperoxycarbonyl butylperoxy carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOOOC(=O)OC(=O)OOOCCCC YFSQILNRXRZPOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- UPDZRIPMRHNKPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxyoxy 4,4-dimethoxybutyl carbonate Chemical class COC(OC)CCCOC(=O)OOC(O)=O UPDZRIPMRHNKPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001786 chalcogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004119 disulfanediyl group Chemical group *SS* 0.000 description 1
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MEFJMBSAHDEPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanedioic acid;2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound OCCNCCO.OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O MEFJMBSAHDEPGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.OO QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006713 insertion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVFMYDCFRDYUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(2-phenylethenyl)silane Chemical compound C[SiH2]C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FVFMYDCFRDYUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYGOPFFOGFHOIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylperoxyethane Chemical compound CCOOC DYGOPFFOGFHOIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-hydroxyphenyl-ethylene Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011331 needle coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBSDMAPJGHBWAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(C=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DBSDMAPJGHBWAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011301 petroleum pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006216 polyvinyl aromatic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QTECDUFMBMSHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C=C QTECDUFMBMSHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-phenylethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MNCGMVDMOKPCSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NZHHDFRSEQSGLN-ZRDIBKRKSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) (e)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C\C(C(=O)OCC=C)=C/C(=O)OCC=C NZHHDFRSEQSGLN-ZRDIBKRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=CCOP(=O)(OCC=C)OCC=C XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
試料約0.1gに対し分散剤(カチオン系界面活性剤「SNディスパーサント7347−C」(サンノプコ社製))を3滴加え、試料に分散剤を馴染ませる。つぎに、純水30mlを加え、超音波洗浄機で約2分間分散させたのち、粒径分布測定器(島津製作所製「SALD−3000J」)で、粒径0.5〜3000μmの範囲の粒径分布を求めた。
上記(1)で求めた粒径分布から、累積容積が50%となる粒径をもって平均粒径Dv50(μm)とした。
上記(1)で求めた粒径分布から重量平均粒径D4(=Σ(nD4)/Σ(nD3))と長さ平均径D1(=ΣnD/Σn)(ここでDは個々の粒子径、nは該当粒子数)との比D4/D1により求めた。
炭素材粒子をエポキシ樹脂に埋め込み、研磨後、光学顕微鏡で観察し、平均粒子径Dv50±50%の粒径を有する粒子で且つ他の粒子との重なりおよび接触の無い粒子30個について高機能画像解析システム(旭エンジニアリング製「IP−500PC」)により粒子の平面画像解析を行い、下式による円形度Cの平均値をもって真球度とした:
かさ比重の測定をJIS K−6721:1977に準じて測定した。具体的には、かさ比重測定器(蔵持科学機器製作所製)のダンパーの付いたロートに十分にかき混ぜた試料の約120mlを入れたのち、ダンパーを引き抜き、試料を受け器(100±0.5ml)に落とす。受け器から盛り上がった試料をガラス棒ですり落とした後、試料の入った容器の重さを0.1gまで正確に測り、次式によりかさ比重を小数点以下2桁まで求める。測定を3回繰り返し、その平均値を取る:
炭素材粉末を試料ホルダーに充填し、グラファイトモノクロメーターにより単色化したCuKα線を線源としX線回折図形を得る。回折図形のピーク位置は重心法(回折線の重心位置を求め、これに対応する2θ値でピークの位置をもとめる方法)により求め、標準物質用高純度シリコン粉末の(111)面の回折ピークを用いて補正する。CuKα線の波長を0.15418nmとし、Braggの公式によりd002を計算する。また、002回折線の積分法により求められた半値幅からシリコン粉末の(111)回折線の半値幅を差し引いた値βよりScherrerの式によりc軸方向の結晶子の厚みLc(002)を計算した:
CHNアナライザーによる元素分析により得られる試料中の水素及び炭素の重量割合から、水素/炭素の原子数の比として求めた。
BETの式から誘導された近似式vm=1/(v(1−x))を用いて液体窒素温度における、窒素吸着による1点法(相対圧力x=0.3)によりvmを求め、次式により試料の比表面積を計算した:比表面積=4.35×vm(m2/g)
ここに、vmは試料表面に単分子層を形成するに必要な吸着量(cm3/g)、vは実測される吸着量(cm3/g)、xは相対圧力である。
炭素試料粉末を白金製パンに2.0mg秤量し、示差熱分析装置((株)島津製作所製「DTG−50」)に設置し、100ミリリットル/分の流量で乾燥空気(露点−50℃以下)を流し、200℃で1時間保持した後、10℃/分の昇温速度で昇温し、炭素質材料の酸化による発熱曲線を測定し、最大発熱量を示した温度を発熱ピーク温度とした。
上記、実施例および比較例で得た炭素材を用いて、以下(a)〜(f)のようにして電極形成を行い、且つ電極性能および保存特性の評価を行った。
上記炭素材90重量部、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(呉羽化学工業製「KF#1100」)10重量部にNMPを加えてペースト状にし、銅箔上に均一に塗布した。乾燥した後、銅箔より剥離させ直径15mmの円板状に打ち抜いた。なお、電極中の炭素材料の量は約20mgになるように調整した。
本発明の炭素材は非水電解質二次電池の負極を構成するのに適しているが、電池活物質の放電容量(脱ドープ量)および不可逆容量(非脱ドープ量)を、対極の性能のバラツキに影響されることなく精度良く評価するために、特性の安定したリチウム金属を対極として、上記で得られた電極を用いてリチウム二次電池を構成し、その特性を評価した。
上記構成のリチウム二次電池について、充放電試験装置(東洋システム製「TOSCAT」)を用いて充放電試験を行った。充放電は定電流定電圧法により行った。ここで、「充電」は試験電池では放電反応であるが、この場合は炭素材へのリチウム挿入反応であるので、便宜上「充電」と記述する。逆に「放電」とは試験電池では充電反応であるが、炭素材からのリチウムの脱離反応であるため便宜上「放電」と記述することにする。ここで採用した定電流定電圧条件は、電池電圧が0Vになるまで一定の電流密度0.5mA/cm2で充電を行い、その後、電圧を0Vに保持するように(定電圧に保持しながら)電流値を連続的に変化させて電流値が20μAに達するまで充電を継続する。このとき、供給した電気量を電極の炭素材の重量で除した値を炭素材の単位重量当たりの充電容量(mAh/g)と定義した。充電終了後、30分間電池回路を開放し、その後放電を行った。放電は電池電圧が1.5Vに達するまで一定の電流密度0.5mA/cm2で行い、このとき放電した電気量を電極の炭素材の重量で除した値を炭素材の単位重量当たりの放電容量(mAhg)と定義する。不可逆容量は、充電量−放電量として計算される。
上記構成のリチウム二次電池について、(c)と同様の方法で炭素材に充電した後、電流密度充電終了後、30分間電池回路を開放し、その後放電を行った。放電は電池電圧が1.5Vに達するまで一定の電流密度20mA/cm2で行い、このとき放電した電気量を電極面積で除した値を急速放電容量(mAh/cm2)と定義する。
(c)の方法により負極材料製造直後(0日)の不可逆容量I0および露点−60℃、温度25℃の空気中で30日保管した電極の不可逆容量I30を測定し、以下の式により大気中劣化率を測定した:
上記実施例または比較例で得られた炭素材各90重量部、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(呉羽化学工業製「KF#1100」)10重量部にNMPを加えてペースト状にし、銅箔上に均一に塗布した。乾燥した後、塗工電極を直径15mmの円板状に打ち抜くことにより負極電極を作製した。なお、電極中の炭素材料の量は約14mgに調整した。
Claims (10)
- 真球度0.8以上の球状の炭素材からなり、X線回折法により求められる(002)平均層面間隔d002が0.365〜0.400nm、c軸方向の結晶子径Lc(002)が1.0〜3.0nm、元素分析により求められる水素原子と炭素原子の原子比(H/C)が0.1以下、平均粒子径Dv50(μm)が1〜20μmであり、且つ重量平均粒子径D 4 と長さ平均粒子径D 1 との比D 4 /D 1 が3.0以下であることを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池用負極材料。
- ビニル樹脂の炭素化物からなる請求項1に記載の負極材料。
- 嵩比重が0.40以上0.60未満である請求項1または2に記載の負極材料。
- 比表面積S(m2/g)と平均粒子径Dv50(μm)の積が3〜40である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の負極材料。
- 空気雰囲気中での示差熱分析の発熱ピーク温度が600℃以上である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の負極材料。
- 球状炭素材表面が0.1〜10重量%の珪素化合物で被覆されている請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の負極材料。
- 窒素元素を0.5〜5重量%含有する請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の負極材料。
- 懸濁重合により得られる球状ビニル樹脂を酸化性ガス雰囲気下150〜400℃の温度で酸化処理することにより得られる炭素前駆体を不活性ガス雰囲気中で炭素化することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池用負極材料の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかの負極材料を活物質として含み、60g/m2以下の目付量の活物質層を有することを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池用負極。
- 請求項9記載の負極を有することを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006512037A JP4937737B2 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-25 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料、その製造方法、負極および電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004100749 | 2004-03-30 | ||
JP2004100749 | 2004-03-30 | ||
PCT/JP2005/005580 WO2005098998A1 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-25 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料、その製造方法、負極および電池 |
JP2006512037A JP4937737B2 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-25 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料、その製造方法、負極および電池 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPWO2005098998A1 JPWO2005098998A1 (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
JP4937737B2 true JP4937737B2 (ja) | 2012-05-23 |
Family
ID=35125382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006512037A Expired - Fee Related JP4937737B2 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-25 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料、その製造方法、負極および電池 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8574533B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1732153A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4937737B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101189533B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100477345C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005098998A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014132556A (ja) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-07-17 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 負極材料、負極活物質、負極およびアルカリ金属イオン電池 |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101311038B1 (ko) * | 2006-10-20 | 2013-09-24 | 에아.워타 가부시키가이샤 | 비열용융성 입상 페놀 수지 및 그 제조 방법, 그리고 열경화성 수지 조성물, 반도체용 밀봉재 및 반도체용 접착제 |
US20120175558A1 (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2012-07-12 | Samuel David Conzone | Nano-porous precursors for opto-ceramics via novel reactive dissolution |
KR20120106966A (ko) | 2009-12-24 | 2012-09-27 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 탄소 미립자 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101093698B1 (ko) * | 2010-01-05 | 2011-12-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 음극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
JP5440308B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-23 | 2014-03-12 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用炭素材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP5454272B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-23 | 2014-03-26 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用炭素材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP5447287B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-25 | 2014-03-19 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用炭素材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
KR20130030769A (ko) * | 2010-06-18 | 2013-03-27 | 비티알 뉴 에너지 머티리얼즈 인코포레이티드 | 리튬이온 전지의 복합경질 탄소부극재료 및 그의 제조방법 |
JP5365598B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-15 | 2013-12-11 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用炭素材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2012167030A (ja) * | 2011-02-10 | 2012-09-06 | Sony Corp | コレステロール低下薬、中性脂肪低下薬、血糖値低下薬、コレステロール吸着剤、吸着剤、中性脂肪吸着剤、健康食品、健康補助食品、栄養機能食品、特定保健用食品、医薬部外品、及び、医薬品 |
JP6062849B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-10 | 2017-01-18 | 株式会社クレハ | 非水電解質二次電池負極用炭素質材料 |
JP5570577B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-27 | 2014-08-13 | Jfeケミカル株式会社 | 難黒鉛化性炭素材料の製造方法 |
KR20140121450A (ko) * | 2012-02-06 | 2014-10-15 | 가부시끼가이샤 구레하 | 비수전해질 이차전지용 탄소질 재료 |
KR101545116B1 (ko) * | 2012-08-30 | 2015-08-17 | 가부시끼가이샤 구레하 | 리튬 이온 캐패시터 부극용 탄소질 재료 및 그의 제조 방법 |
JPWO2014038492A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-06 | 2016-08-08 | 株式会社クレハ | 非水電解質二次電池負極用炭素質材料及びその製造方法、並びに前記炭素質材料を用いた負極および非水電解質二次電池 |
JP6393976B2 (ja) | 2012-12-04 | 2018-09-26 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 蓄電素子及び蓄電装置 |
US20160017058A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-01-21 | The California Institute For Biomedical Research | Bispecific antibodies and uses thereof |
JP6193184B2 (ja) | 2013-07-08 | 2017-09-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質、非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法、非水電解質二次電池、電池パック及び車 |
JP6357981B2 (ja) | 2013-09-30 | 2018-07-18 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
KR101659338B1 (ko) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-09-26 | 애경유화주식회사 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 및 그 제조방법, 이를 이용한 리튬이차전지 |
US20170162874A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-06-08 | Kureha Corporation | Carbonaceous material for negative electrode of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, negative electrode for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and vehicle |
JP6195660B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2017-09-13 | 株式会社クレハ | 非水電解質二次電池負極用炭素質材料、非水電解質二次電池用負極電極、非水電解質二次電池及び車両 |
KR101913902B1 (ko) * | 2015-04-15 | 2018-10-31 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 음극 활물질 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN113072055B (zh) * | 2020-01-06 | 2023-03-31 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | 碳材料及其制备方法与应用 |
TWI763592B (zh) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-05-01 | 國立清華大學 | 硬碳微珠、其製法及包含其之儲能裝置 |
CN115849331A (zh) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-28 | 胡启章 | 硬碳微珠、其制法及包含其的储能装置 |
CN117790767B (zh) * | 2024-02-07 | 2024-05-31 | 贝特瑞新材料集团股份有限公司 | 负极材料及电池 |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57208079A (en) | 1981-06-18 | 1982-12-21 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Rechargeable lithium cell |
JPS62122066A (ja) | 1985-04-30 | 1987-06-03 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | 非水溶媒二次電池 |
JPS6290863A (ja) | 1985-05-10 | 1987-04-25 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 二次電池 |
JP2674793B2 (ja) | 1988-08-31 | 1997-11-12 | ソニー 株式会社 | 非水電解液電池 |
US5244757A (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1993-09-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Lithium secondary battery |
JP2952381B2 (ja) | 1992-06-30 | 1999-09-27 | 日本電池株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP3350114B2 (ja) | 1992-11-02 | 2002-11-25 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP3653105B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-25 | 2005-05-25 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | 二次電池電極用炭素質材料 |
DE69407526T2 (de) * | 1993-09-03 | 1998-04-16 | Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd | Kohlenstoffhaltiges Elektrodenmaterial für Sekundärbatterie, sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
JP3200289B2 (ja) * | 1994-07-29 | 2001-08-20 | シャープ株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
CA2156675C (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1999-03-09 | Naohiro Sonobe | Carbonaceous electrode material for secondary battery |
JP3502669B2 (ja) * | 1994-08-23 | 2004-03-02 | 呉羽化学工業株式会社 | 二次電池電極用炭素質材料およびその製造法 |
DE69625100T2 (de) * | 1995-02-09 | 2003-10-09 | Kureha Kagaku Kogyo K.K., Tokio/Tokyo | Elektrodenmaterial aus Kohlenstoff für Batterie und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
JPH08315817A (ja) * | 1995-05-17 | 1996-11-29 | Sony Corp | 炭素負極材料の製造方法及び非水電解液二次電池 |
DE69739132D1 (de) * | 1996-08-08 | 2009-01-08 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | Graphitteilchen und Lithiumsekundärzelle in der diese als Material der negativen Elektrode verwendet werden |
JPH11185821A (ja) | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-09 | Sony Corp | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP3949303B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-20 | 2007-07-25 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | リチウム二次電池負極用炭素材及びこれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JP3419311B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-15 | 2003-06-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | バイポーラ型リチウムイオン2次電池 |
JP2000173666A (ja) * | 1998-12-10 | 2000-06-23 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
CN1280189C (zh) * | 2001-04-17 | 2006-10-18 | Lg化学株式会社 | 球形碳及其制备方法 |
JP4855251B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-20 | 2012-01-18 | クラレケミカル株式会社 | 球状活性炭およびその製造方法 |
KR101443217B1 (ko) * | 2007-09-12 | 2014-09-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 그라펜 쉘 및 그의 제조방법 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-25 WO PCT/JP2005/005580 patent/WO2005098998A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-03-25 US US10/583,762 patent/US8574533B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-25 KR KR1020067014073A patent/KR101189533B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-03-25 EP EP05721507A patent/EP1732153A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-03-25 JP JP2006512037A patent/JP4937737B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-25 CN CNB2005800100456A patent/CN100477345C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014132556A (ja) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-07-17 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 負極材料、負極活物質、負極およびアルカリ金属イオン電池 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2005098998A1 (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
EP1732153A4 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
KR101189533B1 (ko) | 2012-10-11 |
CN1938884A (zh) | 2007-03-28 |
US8574533B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
WO2005098998A1 (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
CN100477345C (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
EP1732153A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
KR20060132864A (ko) | 2006-12-22 |
US20090140214A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4937737B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用負極材料、その製造方法、負極および電池 | |
JP4836781B2 (ja) | 球状炭素材の製造方法 | |
TWI481105B (zh) | 非水電解質二次電池用碳質材料 | |
JP6450480B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池負極用炭素質材料 | |
KR20200129176A (ko) | 리튬이온 2차 전지용 음극 재료, 리튬이온 2차 전지용 음극 및 리튬이온 2차 전지 | |
JP2004519408A (ja) | 球形炭素及びその製造方法(sphericalcarbonsandmethodforpreparingthesame) | |
JP6615431B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP4933092B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
JP2011060467A (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料およびその製造方法 | |
EP3131144B1 (en) | Carbonaceous material for negative electrodes of nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and vehicle | |
WO2015152088A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池負極用炭素質材料、非水電解質二次電池用負極電極、非水電解質二次電池及び車両 | |
JP6605451B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池負極用炭素質材料、非水電解質二次電池用負極電極、非水電解質二次電池及び車両 | |
WO2015152089A1 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池負極用炭素質材料、非水電解質二次電池用負極電極、非水電解質二次電池及び車両 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20080208 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110510 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110706 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120221 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120222 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150302 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4937737 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |