JP4919578B2 - プロトン伝導性ポリマー膜およびその使用 - Google Patents
プロトン伝導性ポリマー膜およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4919578B2 JP4919578B2 JP2002579927A JP2002579927A JP4919578B2 JP 4919578 B2 JP4919578 B2 JP 4919578B2 JP 2002579927 A JP2002579927 A JP 2002579927A JP 2002579927 A JP2002579927 A JP 2002579927A JP 4919578 B2 JP4919578 B2 JP 4919578B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- membrane
- aromatic
- heteroaromatic
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- -1 aromatic dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNLYHYHJIXGBFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1C(O)=O VNLYHYHJIXGBFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical group C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWZCCUDJHOGOSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GWZCCUDJHOGOSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WFNRNCNCXRGUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(C(O)=O)C(F)=C1F WFNRNCNCXRGUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PGRIMKUYGUHAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5,6-tetrafluorobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(C(O)=O)=C1F PGRIMKUYGUHAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YUWKPDBHJFNMAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoroterephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(F)=C1 YUWKPDBHJFNMAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YJLVXRPNNDKMMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5,6-tetrafluorophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1C(O)=O YJLVXRPNNDKMMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BBCQSMSCEJBIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-fluorophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1C(O)=O BBCQSMSCEJBIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AUIOTTUHAZONIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-fluorobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(F)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 AUIOTTUHAZONIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ABMFBCRYHDZLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1 ABMFBCRYHDZLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1C(O)=O DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000003627 tricarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- HSTOKWSFWGCZMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-diaminobenzidine Chemical group C1=C(N)C(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C(N)=C1 HSTOKWSFWGCZMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ANUAIBBBDSEVKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,4,5-tetramine Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=C(N)C=C1N ANUAIBBBDSEVKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC Chemical compound COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amitrole Chemical group NC1=NC=NN1 KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- OYFRNYNHAZOYNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1O OYFRNYNHAZOYNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipicolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=N1 WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910003209 (NH4)3H(SeO4)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QZHDEAJFRJCDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F QZHDEAJFRJCDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FOMVFKTYQSZBMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1C=CC(O)=CC1(O)C(O)=O FOMVFKTYQSZBMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKGMFBZPIQCNPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1C=CC=C(O)C1(O)C(O)=O UKGMFBZPIQCNPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YDMVPJZBYSWOOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=1C=C(C(O)=O)NN=1 YDMVPJZBYSWOOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWJNJZBDYHRABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C1O YWJNJZBDYHRABW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDOWNLMZVKJRSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 CDOWNLMZVKJRSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXGJCWSBOZXWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydroxyphthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1C(O)=O QXGJCWSBOZXWOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WAJQSFFBBJKSBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydroxynaphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC(O)=C21 WAJQSFFBBJKSBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZGVIIXFGJCRDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(O)C=C1O MZGVIIXFGJCRDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFEWXDOYPCWFHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-carboxybenzoyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 LFEWXDOYPCWFHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVDRSXGPQWNUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-carboxyphenoxy)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 WVDRSXGPQWNUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NEQFBGHQPUXOFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 NEQFBGHQPUXOFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQJQLYOMPSJVQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)sulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 SQJQLYOMPSJVQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BCEQKAQCUWUNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 BCEQKAQCUWUNML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QNVNLUSHGRBCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QNVNLUSHGRBCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical class ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZJYKHNJTSNBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[h]quinoline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 WZJYKHNJTSNBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- MPFLRYZEEAQMLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CN=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 MPFLRYZEEAQMLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001453 impedance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- MJIVRKPEXXHNJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutidinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C(O)=O)=C1 MJIVRKPEXXHNJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- GMIOYJQLNFNGPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CN=C(C(O)=O)C=N1 GMIOYJQLNFNGPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLRLQGYRJSKVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C(O)=O)=N1 HLRLQGYRJSKVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- OWQPOVKKUWUEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzotriazine Chemical compound N1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 OWQPOVKKUWUEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMLKTERJLVWEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-naphthyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=CC=CN=C21 VMLKTERJLVWEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
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- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
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Description
A. 350℃以下、好ましくは300℃以下の温度で、かつ、溶融状態で、1つまたは複数の芳香族テトラアミノ化合物を、カルボン酸モノマー1分子あたり少なくとも2つの酸基を持つ、1つまたは複数の芳香族カルボン酸またはそのエステルと反応させるか、または1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族ジアミノカルボン酸を反応させる工程、
B. 工程Aで得た固体プレポリマーをポリリン酸に溶解させる工程、
C. 工程Bで得た溶液を、不活性ガス中で350℃以下、好ましくは280℃以下の温度で加熱して、溶解したポリアゾールポリマーを形成する工程、
D. 工程Cで得たポリアゾールポリマー溶液を用いて支持体上に膜を形成する工程、
E. 工程Dで形成した膜を、自己支持性を有するまで処理する工程、
からなる方法により得られるプロトン伝導性ポリマー膜が提供される。
Arは同一または異なっても良く各々4価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar1は同一または異なっても良く各々2価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar2は同一または異なっても良く各々2価または3価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar3は同一または異なっても良く各々3価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar4は同一または異なっても良く各々3価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar5は同一または異なっても良く各々4価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar6は同一または異なっても良く各々2価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar7は同一または異なっても良く各々2価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar8は同一または異なっても良く各々3価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar9は同一または異なっても良く各々2価または3価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar10は同一または異なっても良く各々2価または3価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar11は同一または異なっても良く各々2価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Xは同一または異なっても良く各々酸素、イオウまたはアミノ基であり、このアミノ基は水素原子、および更なる置換基として、炭素数1〜20を持つ基、好ましくは分岐もしくは非分岐のアルキル基、アルコキシ基またはアリール基を持ち、
Rは同一または異なっても良く各々水素、アルキル基または芳香族基であり、
nおよびmは10以上の整数、好ましくは100以上の整数である。
硫酸塩:CsHSO4、Fe(SO4)2、(NH4)3H(SO4)2、LiHSO4、NaHSO4、KHSO4、RbSO4、LiN2H5SO4、NH4HSO4等;
リン酸塩:Zr3(PO4)4、Zr(HPO4)2、HZr2(PO4)3、UO2PO4.3H2O、H8UO2PO4、Ce(HPO4)2、KH2PO4、NaH2PO4、LiH2PO4、NH4H2PO4、CsH2PO4、CaHPO4、MgHPO4、HSbP2O8、HSb3P2O14、H5Sb5P2O20等;
ポリ酸:H3PW12O40.nH2O(n=21〜29)、H3SiW12O40.nH2O(n=21〜29)、HxWO3、HSbWO6、H3PMo12O40、H2Sb4O11、HTaWO6、HNbO3、HTiNbO5、HSbTeO6、H5Ti4O9、NSbO3、H2MoO4等;
セレン化物および砒素化物:(NH4)3H(SeO4)2、UO2AsO4、(NH4)3H(SeO4)2、KH2AsO4、Cs3H(SeO4)2、Rb3H(SeO4)2等;
酸化物:Al2O3、Sb2O5、ThO2、SnO2、ZrO2、MoO3等;
ケイ酸塩:ゼオライト、ゼオライト(NH4 +)、シートケイ酸塩、ネットワークケイ酸塩、H−ナトロライト、H−モルデンナイト、NH4−アナルシン、NH4−ソーダライト、NH4−ガレート、H−モンモリロナイト等;
酸:HClO4、SbF5等;
フィラー:SiC等の炭化物、Si3N4、ガラス繊維などの繊維、ガラス粉、および/または好ましくはポリアゾール系のポリマー繊維等。
トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸カリウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸ナトリウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸リチウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸アンモニウム、パーフルオロへキサンスルホン酸カリウム、パーフルオロへキサンスルホン酸ナトリウム、パーフルオロへキサンスルホン酸リチウム、パーフルオロへキサンスルホン酸アンモニウム、パーフルオロへキサンスルホン酸、ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸カリウム、ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸リチウム、ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸アンモニウム、ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸セシウム、パーフルオロへキサンスルホン酸トリエチルアンモニウム、パーフルオロへキサンスルホンイミド、およびナフィオン。
ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ニトロオキシド、2,2−ジフェニル−1−ピクリニルヒドラジル、フェノール類、アルキルフェノール類、イルガノックス等の立体障害アルキルフェノール類、芳香族アミン類、キマスソルブ等の立体障害アミン類、立体障害ヒドロキシアミン類、立体障害アルキルアミン類、立体障害ヒドロキシアミン類、立体障害ヒドロキシアミンエーテル類、イルガフォス等の亜リン酸塩、ニトロベンゼン、メチル−2−ニトロソプロパン、ベンゾフェノン、ベンズアルデヒドt−ブチルニトロン、システアミン、酸化鉛、酸化マンガン、酸化ニッケル、酸化コバルト。
A. 350℃以下、好ましくは300℃以下の温度で、かつ、溶融状態で、1つまたは複数の芳香族テトラアミノ化合物を、カルボン酸モノマー1分子あたり少なくとも2つの酸基を持つ、1つまたは複数の芳香族カルボン酸またはそのエステルと反応させるか、または1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族ジアミノカルボン酸を反応させる工程、
B. 工程Aで得た固体プレポリマーをポリリン酸に溶解させる工程、
C. 工程Bで得た溶液を、不活性ガス中で350℃以下、好ましくは280℃以下の温度で加熱して、溶解したポリアゾールポリマーを形成する工程、
D. 工程Cで得たポリアゾールポリマー溶液を用いて電極上に膜を塗布する工程、
E. 工程Dで形成した膜を処理する工程、
からなる方法により得られる電極を更に提供するものである。
<IECの測定法>
膜の伝導率は、イオン交換容量(IEC)で表される酸基の高含有量に依存する。イオン交換容量を測定するために、直径3cmに打ち抜いた試料を、100mlの水で満たしたビーカーに浸漬する。放出された酸を0.1M苛性ソーダで滴定する。次いで、試料を取り出し、過剰の水を拭き取り、160℃で4時間乾燥する。乾燥重量m0を0.1mgの精度で測定する。イオン交換容量は下記式により計算される:
IEC = V1 × 300/m0
(式中、V1 は第1中和終了点までに要した0.1M苛性ソーダの量(ml)、m0は乾燥重量(mg)である)。
比伝導率は、白金電極(直径0.25mmのワイア)を用いた定電圧モードの4極配置型インピーダンススペクトルスコープにより測定する。電流補足電極間距離は2cmである。得られたスペクトルを、オーム抵抗と蓄電器の並列配置からなる単一モデルを用いて評価する。リン酸でドープした膜試料の断面を、膜を取り付ける直前に測定する。温度依存性を測定するために、測定セルを、オーブン中で所定の温度に曝し、試料に近接して配置したPt−100抵抗温度計により温度を制御する。所定温度に到達したら、試料をこの温度に10分間保持した後、測定を行う。
<試料1>
メカニカル撹拌機と窒素導入および導出口を持つ3つ口フラスコ中に、10gのプレポリマーを窒素雰囲気下で入れた。このプレポリマーに、90gのポリリン酸(分析値:83.4±0.5%のP2O5)を加えた。この混合物を先ず150℃に加熱し1時間撹拌した。次いで温度を180℃に上昇させて4時間、更に240℃で4時間、最後に270℃で14時間加熱した。次に、270℃で、85%濃度のリン酸25gをこの溶液に加え、混合物を1時間撹拌した。得られた溶液を、225℃に冷却しフィルムキャスティング用の流動性溶液を得た。この温液を、100℃に予熱したドクターブレード塗布装置(350μm)により、100℃に予熱したガラスプレート上に塗布した。この膜を室温(20℃)で3日放置した。ポリリン酸は空気中の水分を捕獲し、吸収した水分により加水分解を受けてリン酸になった。形成した過剰のリン酸は膜から流失した。重量減少率は、ドクターブレード塗布により形成した膜に基づいて、22%であった。
加熱処理後の前記溶液の少量を、水で沈殿させ、ろ過し、3回水洗し、水酸化アンモニウムで中和し、3回水洗後、1torr圧下、120℃で16時間乾燥させ、2.9gのPBI粉を得た。このPBIを、97%濃度の硫酸100ml中の0.4%PBI溶液としてηintを測定したところ、1.47dl/gの値を得た。
メカニカル撹拌機と窒素導入および導出口を持つ3つ口フラスコ中に、10gのプレポリマーを窒素雰囲気下で入れた。このプレポリマーに、90gのポリリン酸(分析値:83.4±0.5%のP2O5)を加えた。この混合物を先ず150℃に加熱し1時間撹拌した。次いで温度を180℃に上昇させて4時間、更に240℃で4時間、最後に270℃で14時間加熱した。次に、270℃で、85%濃度のリン酸25gをこの溶液に加え、混合物を1時間撹拌した。得られた溶液を、240℃に冷却しフィルムキャスティング用の均質な流動性溶液を得た。この温液を、100℃に予熱したドクターブレード塗布装置(350μm、700μm、930μmおよび1170μm)により、100℃に予熱したガラスプレート上に塗布した。この膜を室温で5日放置した。ポリリン酸は空気中の水分を捕獲し、吸収した水分により加水分解を受けてリン酸となった。形成した過剰のリン酸は膜から流失した。重量減少率は、ドクターブレード塗布により形成した膜に基づいて、37.5〜40%であった。膜の最終的な厚みは210μm、376μm、551μmおよび629μmであった。
加熱処理後の前記溶液の少量を、水で沈殿させ、ろ過し、3回水洗し、水酸化アンモニウムで中和し、3回水洗後、1torr圧下、120℃で16時間乾燥させた。このPBIを、97%濃度の硫酸100ml中の0.4%PBI溶液として固有粘度ηintを測定したところ、2.23dl/gの値を得た。
メカニカル撹拌機と窒素導入および導出口を持つ3つ口フラスコ中に、10gのプレポリマーを窒素雰囲気下で入れた。このプレポリマーに、90gのポリリン酸(分析値:83.4±0.5%のP2O5)を加えた。この混合物を先ず150℃に加熱し1時間撹拌した。次いで温度を180℃に上昇させて4時間、更に240℃で4時間、最後に270℃で14時間加熱した。次に、270℃で、85%濃度のリン酸25gをこの溶液に加え、混合物を1時間撹拌した。得られた溶液を、240℃に冷却しフィルムキャスティング用の均質な流動性溶液を得た。この104%濃度のポリリン酸中の6.5%濃度のPBI温液を、100℃に予熱したドクターブレード塗布装置(350μm、230μm、190μmおよび93μm)により、100℃に予熱したガラスプレート上に240℃で塗布した。この膜を室温で7日放置した。ポリリン酸は空気中の水分を捕獲し、吸収した水分により加水分解を受けてリン酸となった。形成した過剰のリン酸は膜から流失した。重量減少率は、ドクターブレード塗布により形成した膜に基づいて、37.5〜40%であった。膜の最終的な厚みは201μm、152μm、126μmおよび34μmであった。
加熱処理後の前記溶液の少量を、水で沈殿させ、ろ過し、3回水洗し、水酸化アンモニウムで中和し、3回水洗後、1torr圧下、120℃で16時間乾燥させた。このPBIを、97%濃度の硫酸100ml中の0.4%PBI溶液として固有粘度ηintを測定したところ、2.6dl/gの値を得た。
試料1〜3のイオン交換容量およびn(H3PO4)/n(PBI)を対照試料と比較した結果を表1に示す。これらの値は、0.1M苛性ソーダで滴定して、測定したものである。
Claims (29)
- ポリベンズイミダゾール系プロトン伝導性ポリマー膜であって、下記工程A〜E:
A. 300℃以下の温度で、かつ、溶融状態で、1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族テトラアミノ化合物を、カルボン酸モノマー1分子あたり少なくとも2つの酸基を持つ、1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族カルボン酸またはそのエステルと反応させるか、または1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族ジアミノカルボン酸を反応させる工程、
B. 工程Aで得た固体プレポリマーをポリリン酸に溶解させる工程、
C. 工程Bで得た溶液を、不活性ガス中で350℃以下の温度で加熱して、溶解したポリベンズイミダゾールポリマーを形成する工程、
D. 工程Cで得たポリベンズイミダゾールポリマー溶液を用いて支持体上に膜を形成する工程、
E. 工程Dで形成した膜を、0℃から150℃の温度で、水分もしくは水および/または水の蒸気および/または85%以下の濃度のリン酸含有水の存在下で自己支持性を有するまで処理する工程、
からなる方法により得られるプロトン伝導性ポリマー膜。 - 工程Cで、工程Bで得た溶液を、不活性ガス中で280℃以下の温度で加熱して、溶解したポリベンズイミダゾールポリマーを形成する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 用いる芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族テトラアミノ化合物が、3,3’4,4’−テトラアミノビフェニル、1,2,4,5−テトラアミノベンゼン、3,3’4,4’−テトラアミノベンゾフェノンまたは3,3’4,4’−テトラアミノジフェニルメタンである、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 用いる芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族カルボン酸が、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、フタル酸、3−フルオロフタル酸、5−フルオロイソフタル酸、2−フルオロテレフタル酸、テトラフルオロフタル酸、テトラフルオロイソフタル酸、テトラフルオロテレフタル酸、1,4−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,5−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、2,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、2,7−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、ジフェン酸、4−トリフルオロメチルフタル酸、これらのC1〜C20アルキルエステルもしくはC5〜C12アリールエステル、または酸無水物または酸クロリドである、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 用いる芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族カルボン酸が、ジカルボン酸、トリカルボン酸、テトラカルボン酸、これらのC1〜C20アルキルエステルもしくはC5〜C12アリールエステル、または酸無水物または酸クロリドである、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 用いる芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族カルボン酸が、テトラカルボン酸、これらのC1〜C20アルキルエステルもしくはC5〜C12アリールエステル、または酸無水物または酸クロリドである、請求項1に記載の膜。
- トリカルボン酸またはテトラカルボン酸の含有量が、用いるジカルボン酸に基づき0〜30モル%である、請求項5に記載の膜。
- 用いるヘテロ芳香族カルボン酸が、芳香環中に少なくとも1つの窒素、酸素、イオウまたはリン原子を持つ、ヘテロ芳香族ジカルボン酸、トリカルボン酸およびテトラカルボン酸である、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Bで、酸滴定によるP2O5換算の分析値が少なくとも83%のポリリン酸を用いる、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Bで、溶液の代わりに、分散液もしくは懸濁液を作成する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Cで、下記式(I)および/または(II)のアゾ−ル繰り返し単位からなるポリベンズイミダゾール系ポリマーが形成される、請求項1に記載の膜
Arは同一または異なっても良く各々4価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar1は同一または異なっても良く各々2価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Ar2は同一または異なっても良く各々2価または3価の、1つまたは複数の環を持つ芳香族またはヘテロ芳香族基であり、
Xは同一または異なっても良く各々酸素、イオウまたはアミノ基であり、このアミノ基は水素原子、および更なる置換基として、炭素数1〜20を持つ基を持ち、Rは同一または異なっても良く各々水素、アルキル基または芳香族基であり、nおよびmは10以上の整数である。 - Xは同一または異なっても良く各々酸素またはアミノ基であり、このアミノ基は水素原子、および更なる置換基として、炭素数1〜20を持つ基を持つ、請求項11に記載の膜。
- nおよびmが、100以上の整数である、請求項11に記載の膜。
- nおよびmが、100以上の整数である、請求項14に記載の膜。
- 工程Cの後、かつ、工程Dの前に、リン酸を加えることにより粘度を調整する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Eにおける膜の処理を10℃から120℃の温度で、水分もしくは水および/または水の蒸気の存在下で行う、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Eにおける膜の処理を室温(20℃)から90℃の温度で、水分もしくは水および/または水の蒸気の存在下で行う、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Eにおける膜の処理を10秒から300時間にわたって行う、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Eにおける膜の処理を1分から200時間にわたって行う、請求項19に記載の膜。
- ポリベンズイミダゾール系プロトン伝導性ポリマー膜であって、下記工程A〜E:
A. 300℃以下の温度で、かつ、溶融状態で、1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族テトラアミノ化合物を、カルボン酸モノマー1分子あたり少なくとも2つの酸基を持つ、1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族カルボン酸またはそのエステルと反応させるか、または1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族ジアミノカルボン酸を反応させる工程、
B. 工程Aで得た固体プレポリマーをポリリン酸に溶解させる工程、
C. 工程Bで得た溶液を、不活性ガス中で350℃以下の温度で加熱して、溶解したポリベンズイミダゾールポリマーを形成する工程、
D. 工程Cで得たポリベンズイミダゾールポリマー溶液を用いて電極上に膜を形成する工程、
E. 工程Dで形成した膜を、0℃から150℃の温度で、水分もしくは水および/または水の蒸気および/または85%以下の濃度のリン酸含有水の存在下で処理する工程、
からなる方法により得られるプロトン伝導性ポリマー膜。 - 工程Dで形成した膜が、10から4000μmの厚さを持つ、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 工程Eで形成された膜が、15から3000μmの厚さを持つ、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 下記工程A〜E:
A. 300℃以下の温度で、かつ、溶融状態で、1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族テトラアミノ化合物を、カルボン酸モノマー1分子あたり少なくとも2つの酸基を持つ、1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族カルボン酸またはそのエステルと反応させるか、または1つまたは複数の芳香族および/またはヘテロ芳香族ジアミノカルボン酸を反応させる工程、
B. 工程Aで得た固体プレポリマーをポリリン酸に溶解させる工程、
C. 工程Bで得た溶液を、不活性ガス中で350℃以下の温度で加熱して、溶解したポリベンズイミダゾールポリマーを形成する工程、
D. 工程Cで得たポリベンズイミダゾールポリマー溶液を用いて電極上に膜を塗布する工程、
E. 工程Dで形成した膜を0℃から150℃の温度で、水分もしくは水および/または水の蒸気および/または85%以下の濃度のリン酸含有水の存在下で処理する工程、
からなる方法により得られるポリベンズイミダゾール系プロトン伝導性ポリマー被覆を持つ電極。 - 工程Cで、工程Bで得た溶液を、不活性ガス中で280℃以下の温度で加熱して、溶解したポリベンズイミダゾールポリマーを形成する、請求項24に記載の電極。
- 該被覆が、2から3000μmの厚さを持つ、請求項24に記載の電極。
- 少なくとも1つの請求項24〜26の1つに記載の電極からなる膜−電極ユニット、または少なくとも1つの請求項1〜23の1つまたはそれ以上に記載の膜を備える膜−電極ユニット。
- 少なくとも1つの電極と、少なくとも1つの請求項1〜23の1つまたはそれ以上に記載の膜からなる膜−電極ユニット。
- 請求項27または28に記載の膜−電極ユニットを1つまたはそれ以上有する燃料電池。
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DE50214833D1 (de) | 2011-02-10 |
EP1379572A1 (de) | 2004-01-14 |
WO2002081547A1 (de) | 2002-10-17 |
MXPA03009187A (es) | 2004-02-17 |
EP2270068A1 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
KR100897728B1 (ko) | 2009-05-15 |
CN1511170A (zh) | 2004-07-07 |
KR20040011496A (ko) | 2004-02-05 |
CA2443849C (en) | 2008-07-29 |
CN100489011C (zh) | 2009-05-20 |
EP2270068B1 (de) | 2012-08-22 |
EP1379572B1 (de) | 2010-12-29 |
DK1379572T3 (da) | 2011-04-04 |
DE10117687A1 (de) | 2002-10-17 |
CA2443849A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
US7235320B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 |
BR0208728A (pt) | 2004-07-20 |
JP2005536569A (ja) | 2005-12-02 |
US20040127588A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
ATE493459T1 (de) | 2011-01-15 |
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