JP4751961B2 - 改良型薄膜コーティング、電気光学要素、及びこれらの要素を組み込むアセンブリ - Google Patents
改良型薄膜コーティング、電気光学要素、及びこれらの要素を組み込むアセンブリ Download PDFInfo
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- JP4751961B2 JP4751961B2 JP2010520214A JP2010520214A JP4751961B2 JP 4751961 B2 JP4751961 B2 JP 4751961B2 JP 2010520214 A JP2010520214 A JP 2010520214A JP 2010520214 A JP2010520214 A JP 2010520214A JP 4751961 B2 JP4751961 B2 JP 4751961B2
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
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- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
- B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6722—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light with adjustable passage of light
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
- B60R2001/1215—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with information displays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
- B60R2001/1223—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with sensors or transducers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
- B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/10—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used
- B60R2300/108—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used using 'non-standard' camera systems, e.g. camera sensor used for additional purposes i.a. rain sensor, camera sensor split in multiple image areas
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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Landscapes
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- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
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Description
本出願は、2007年8月3日出願の「改良型薄膜コーティング、電気光学要素、及びこれらの要素を組み込むアセンブリ」という名称の米国特許出願第11/833、701号の恩典を請求するものであり、この特許は、内容全体が本明細書において引用により組み込まれている。
1)ガラス縁部から、ガラス縁部から15cmの場所まで延びる細線によるコーティングの完全な削除があった。
2)その部分の幅方向全体でコーティングの完全な削除が8mm削除及び2mm切断なしの繰返しパターンで細線によるコーティングの完全な削除があった。
3)ガラス縁部から、その縁部から14cmの場所まで延びる細線によるコーティングの完全な削除、及び次にその部分の残りの幅方向で5mm切断なし5mm削除の繰返しパターンでの削除があった。
4)線に沿って約5cmと10cmの場所にある0.4mmの2ヵ所の非切断部分を除いて、ガラス縁部から、その縁部から15cmの場所まで延びる細線によるコーティングの完全な削除があった。
この実施例においては、2.2mmのガラス基板の第3の面に、約400ATiO2、次に、約180ÅのITO、最後に、約195Åの銀金合金(重量比重93%銀/7%金)を被覆する。二酸化チタン及びITOは、実質的にガラス縁部まで被覆し、銀合金は、少なくとも関連シールの外側を内向きにマスキングすることが好ましい。少なくとも1つの実施形態では、第2の面は、半波(HW)ITO層を含む。関連の要素反射率及び透過率モデルを図48a及び図48b、線4801a及び線4801bに示す。モデル反射率は、約550nmで約57%であり、透過率は、約36.7%である。
この実施例は、第3の面の周囲区域の少なくとも一部に沿ったクロム/金属タブ部が、関連のクリップ接触域と銀合金の間の導電率を改善するためにシールの下に延びる点を除き、実施例1aと類似に構成される。外観は同じままでありながら、暗色化速度は改善する。この特徴は、第3の面から関連の電気接点まで導電率を改善するためにいくつかの以下の実施例に適用することができる。図48a及び図48bから分るように、反射率は、実施例1aの要素に関連付けられるが、各々の透過率は、劇的に異なり、これは、本発明の利点の1つを表すものである。
実施例1cは、実施例1aと同様の構成であるが、ディスプレイ区域は、最初にマスキングし、Cr/Ruから成る積層体は、マスクを除去した後に実質的に表面全体の上に堆積する(すなわち、結果としてディスプレイ区域内のガラス上にはCr/Ruだけになる)。Cr/Ru不透明化積層体は、いくつかの組合せで置換することができる。反射率及び透過率の結果は、図48a及び図48bに、それぞれ、線4802a及び4802bによって示している。不透明化積層体は、ディスプレイ区域に対して反射率及び色に関して低いコントラストを有することが好ましい。この実施例における別の利点は、不透明化層で通常使用される金属が、ガラス縁部まで延びて関連の電気接続部クリップと第3の面銀金合金とを結ぶことができるという点である。モデル反射率は、ビュー区域内で約550nmで約56.9%、であり、ディスプレイ領域内で約57%の反射率であり、透過率は、ビュー区域では、<10、好ましくは<5%、更に好ましくは<1%、最も好ましい設計目標<0.1%(これは、全ての類似の設計を適用される)であり、透過率は、ディスプレイ領域では、約36.7%である。ディスプレイ又は他の光源に加えて又はその代わりに、光センサを「ディスプレイ区域」の背後に設置することができることを理解すべきである。
この実施例においては、ミラー要素の第3の面は、約2000ÅのITO、次に、透過率が約50%のクロム、最後に約170Åの銀金合金で被覆される。ITO及びクロムは、実質的にガラス縁部まで被覆され、銀合金をシールの少なくとも外側で内向きにマスキングすることが好ましい。Cr厚みは、ITO及びCr層が後ろ板のみを通じて50%の透過率であるように調節することが好ましい。少なくとも1つの実施形態では、第2の面は、HWITO層を含む。要素の反射率及び透過率は、それぞれ、図49a〜図49d、線4901a及び線4901bに示している。Cr層は、透過反射型要素の最終透過率を調整するように調節することができる(肉厚化、又は薄肉化)。Cr層を肉厚化すると、透過率は降下し、Cr層を薄くした時に透過率は増加する。Cr層の追加された利点は、積層体が、ベースITO層の通常の真空スパッタ堆積処理による変動に対して比較的色が安定しているという点である。クロム層の物理的厚みは、好ましくは約5Åと150Åの間、より好ましくは、20Åと70Åの間、最も好ましくは、30Åと60Åの間である。モデル反射率は、約55Onmで約57%であり、透過率は、約21.4%である。
実施例2bは、後ろ板のみを測定した時に(すなわち、ミラー要素内での組込み前)50%の透過率を得るために被覆したクロム/ルテニウムによる組合せ積層体を除き、実施例2aと類似のものである。Ru層の追加により、エポキシシールの硬化中の安定性が改善する。Ru及びクロムの厚みの比率は、調節することができ、何らかの設計の寛容度がある。クロムは、主として、ITOに対するRuの接着力を改善するために組み込んでいる。Ruは、Ag又はAg合金に対する好ましい結合力を有する。他の金属又は、適切な材料特性及び物理特性が維持される限り、金属をCr層とRu層の間で設置することができる。反射特性及び透過特性を、それぞれ、図49cの線4901c及び線4902cに示している。
実施例2cは、ディスプレイ区域を最初にマスキングし、マスクを除去した後にCr/Ru(又は他の不透明剤)層を実質的に第3の面全体の上に堆積する点を除き、実施例2a及び実施例2bと類似のものである。それぞれ透過率及び反射率に関する結果を、図49a及び図49bに線4902a及び線4902bに示している。関連の利点は、実施例1cと類似のものである。
この実施例においては、EC要素の第3の面は、約400ÅのTiO2、次に、約180ÅのITO、次に、195Åの銀、最後に、約125ÅのIzo−Tcoで被覆する。
実施例3bは、ディスプレイ区域を最初にマスキングし、Cr/Ruから成る積層体が、実質的に第3の面のマスキングしない区域全体の上に堆積する点を除き、実施例3aと同様の構成である。Cr/Ru不透明化積層体は、材料のいくつかの組合せで置換することができる。反射率及び透過率結果を、それぞれ、図50a及び図50bに線5002a及び線5002bで示している。この実施例における利点は、不透明化層で通常使用される金属が、実質的にガラス縁部まで延びて関連の電気接点クリップと銀合金とを結ぶことができるという点である。関連の反射率及び透過率に関する測定データを、それぞれ、図50cに線5001c、線5002cで示している。
この実施例においては、EC要素の第3の面は、約2100ÅのITO、次に、約225Åのシリコン、最後に、約70ÅのRu又はRhで被覆される。
この実施例においては、EC要素の第3の面は、約2100ÅのITO、次に、約50Åのクロム、次に、約75ÅのRu、最後に、任意的に約77ÅのRhで被覆される。
第3の面上の不透明層
この実施例においては、不透明層を第3の面のコーティング積層体に組み込んでいる。約600Åのクロム次に約600ÅのITOのベース層積層体をガラス基板上へ堆積し、ディスプレイ区域をベース層積層体の堆積中にマスキングするか、又は次にベース層積層体をディスプレイ区域においてレーザ削除する。次に、約700ÅのITO及び(約180Åの銀合金Ag−Xの層、Xは、Agの合金に関するオプションを示す)を付加する。この手法は、ビュー区域では実質的に不透明であり、ディスプレイ区域では透過反射性である。
実施例6bは、実施例6aと類似のものである。この実施例においては、第3の面は、最初に、ディスプレイ区域以外で約600Åのクロムのベース層積層体、次に、約100ÅのITO、次に、約500ÅのTiO2、最後に、約50Åのクロムで被覆される。実質的に第3の面全体は、約150ÅのTiO2、次に、約500ÅのITO、最後に約180Åの銀金合金で被覆される。モデル反射率は、約550nmで約54%であり、透過率は、約41%である。
上述の不透明化透過反射型積層体の勾配バージョンを製造することができる。この実施例においては、好ましい第3の面の積層体は、TiO2(440Å)/ITO(180Å)/Mo(350Å)/AgAu7x(150Å)から成る。それによって結果として、主ビュー区域において69%の要素反射率及び1%の透過率(不透明)になる。モリブデン層は、ディスプレイ区域においてTiO2(440Å)/ITO(180Å)/AgAu7x(150Å)が得られるようにディスプレイ区域縁部の近くで0の厚みまで漸変させることができる。それによって53%のディスプレイ区域における要素反射率及び37%の透過率が得られる。反射率の低減は、遷移勾配にわたって広がり、遷移勾配は感知しにくくなる。図59aは、ガラスの最上層5952a及びガラスの最下層5981aでこの実施例を示している。LCDディスプレイ又は他のディスプレイは、ガラス5981の最下層の底部又は表面4に装着されるか、又はその背後に配置される。表面2は、ITO5984aで被覆される。表面3は、TiO25983aを覆うITOの2層積層体を有する。ECセルの2つの半割部は、EC流体5985aにより分離され、底部銀合金層5986aは、ベース層5983aの上に堆積される。Mo不透明化層5986aは、ベース層5983bの上に堆積される。Mo5986a層は、ディスプレイ区域縁部で0の厚みまで漸変される。ディスプレイ区域ではMoは残らない。銀合金5987bの均一な層が、Mo層5986aの上に堆積される。他の実施形態では、銀合金層は、反射率/透過率比を更に変えるように漸変させることができる。
いわゆる「分割Ag」積層体の勾配バージョンを製造することができる。この実施例においては、好ましい第3の面の積層体は、TiO2(440Å)/ITO(180Å)/AgAu7x(84Å)/Mo(350Å)/AgAu7x(150Å)で構成されている。この積層体により、結果として、68%の要素反射率及び1%の透過率(不透明)になる。ディスプレイ区域を覆う得られる積層体がTiO2(440Å)/ITO(180Å)/AgAu7x(84Å)/AgAu7x(150Å)であるように、ディスプレイ区域においてMo層を削除することができる。それによってディスプレイ区域の68%の要素反射率及び21%の透過率が得られる。ディスプレイ領域の透過率は、ディスプレイ区域の得られる積層体がTiO2(440Å)/ITO(180Å)/AgAu7x(136Å)であるように銀合金層の漸変させることによって更に改善することができる。それによってディスプレイ区域の50%の要素反射率及び40%の透過率が得られる。この設計の利点は、要素が本質的にディスプレイを組み込んでいない領域においては不透明であり、ディスプレイを組み込む区域においては透明度が高いということである。銀合金厚みの緩やかな変化により、このような高レベルまで透過率を増大させるのに必要とされる反射率の変化が隠される。この設計の全体的な構造は、ガラスの5992bの最上層及びガラスの5991のbの最下層で図59bに示している。LCD又は他のディスプレイは、表面4の下部に装着され、又は表面4の5991bの背後に設けられる。表面2は、ITO5994bで被覆される。表面3は、TiO25993bを覆うITOの2つの層積層体を有する。ECセルの2つの半割部は、EC流体5995bにより分離され、最下銀合金層5996bは、ベース層5993bの上に堆積される。Mo不透明化層5997bは、最下銀合金層5996bの上に堆積される。Mo層5997bは、ディスプレイ区域の縁部の近くで止まり、Moは、ディスプレイ区域内に残らない。最上銀合金層5998bは、Mo層5997b及びディスプレイ区域の上に堆積される。最上、最下、又はその両方の銀合金層は、ディスプレイ区域で徐々に反射率:透過率の比を変更するようにディスプレイにおいて漸変させることができ、ステルス性のあるディスプレイが得られる。他の実施形態では、銀合金層は、他の区域で反射率を修正するために他の箇所で漸変させることができる。
704 第1の面
706 第2の面
708 第1の導電電極部
730 第2の導電電極部
Claims (24)
- 第1の基板と、
該第1の基板上に堆積された少なくとも1つの薄膜層と、前記基板と前記少なくとも1つの薄膜層の任意の2つで形成された境界に隣接する境界改質材料とを含み、
前記境界改質材料は、前記基板及び少なくとも1つの薄膜層形成する材料とは異なっており、前記境界改質材料の堆積は、10原子層を超えるものではなく、かつ、前記境界改質材料がカルコゲニド及びプニクトゲンからなるグループからなる元素を含むことを特徴とする、
ことを特徴とするエレクトロクロミック光学要素。 - 前記境界改質材料が、硫黄及びセレンの少なくとも1を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記境界改質材料の堆積が原子単一層を超えないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記境界改質材料の堆積が5原子層を超えないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記境界改質材料の堆積が2原子層を超えないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記第1の基板がガラスを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記少なくとも1つの薄膜層が、ITO、IZO、酸化亜鉛、AZO、TiO2、w、Mo、Fe、Tu、Ox、Co、Rh、Ir、Cu、Ag、Au、Zn、Cd、Hg、Ga、In、Tl、Ge、Sn、Pb、As、Sb、及びBiのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- エレクトロクロミック光学要素を製造する方法であって、
1つの表面を有する第1のベースを準備する段階と、
改質材料の原子で前記表面を形成する原子の一部を置換するように前記改質材料を堆積する段階と、
前記表面上に薄膜上側層を堆積する段階と、を含み、
前記改質材料は、前記表面及び前記薄膜上側層とは異なっており、前記改質材料は、カルコゲニド及びプニクトゲンからなるグループからなる元素を含んでおり、前記表面上の前記改質材料の堆積は10原子層を超えるものでない、ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記改質材料を堆積する段階が硫黄及びセレンの少なくとも1つを堆積する段階を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記改質材料の堆積が1原子単一層を超えるものではないことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記改質材料の堆積が5原子層を超えるものではないことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記改質材料の堆積が2原子層を超えるものではないことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のベースが、第1の基板と、該第1の基板上に堆積された第1の薄膜層を含んでおり、前記第1のベースの前記表面が前記第1の薄膜層の外側表面によって画定されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の基板がガラスから構成されており、前記第1の薄膜層及び前記薄膜上側層の少なくとも1つが、ITO、IZO、酸化亜鉛、AZO、TiO2、w、Mo、Fe、Tu、Ox、Co、Rh、Ir、Cu、Ag、Au、Zn、Cd、Hg、Ga、In、Tl、Ge、Sn、Pb、As、Sb、及びBiのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のベースがガラスから構成されており、前記薄膜上側層が、ITO、IZO、酸化亜鉛、AZO、TiO2、w、Mo、Fe、Tu、Ox、Co、Rh、Ir、Cu、Ag、Au、Zn、Cd、Hg、Ga、In、Tl、Ge、Sn、Pb、As、Sb、及びBiのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の基板がガラスからの構成されており、前記少なくとも1つの薄膜層が前記第1の基板上に堆積されたクロム層と該クロム層の上に堆積された金−銀合金層を含んでおり、前記境界改質材料が前記クロム層と前記金−銀合金層の間の境界に堆積されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記第1の基板がガラスからの構成されており、前記少なくとも1つの薄膜層が前記第1の基板上に堆積されたTiO2層と該TiO2層の頂上に堆積されたITO層と、該ITO層上に堆積された金−銀合金層を含んでおり、前記境界改質材料が前記ITO層と前記金−銀合金層の間の境界に堆積されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記境界改質材料は、前記少なくとも1つの薄膜層の接着性、環境安定性、導電性及び核生成特性、及び導電率のうちの少なくとも1つを促進することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- さらに、第2の基板を含み、
前記第1及び第2の基板は協働して両者の間に空洞を形成するとともに、
前記空洞内に位置するエレクトロクロミック媒体をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。 - 前記堆積する段階は、イオン注入、プラズマ処理、化学処理、及び物理的気相成長法のうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、
第2のベースを配置し、前記第1のベースと第2のベースとの間に空洞を形成する段階と、
該空洞内にエレクトロクロミック媒体を配置する段階とをさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記境界改質材料が硫黄であることを特徴とする請求項16に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記境界改質材料が硫黄であることを特徴とする請求項17に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
- 前記境界改質材料の堆積が前記境界の下の材料中で生じることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のエレクトロクロミック光学要素。
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JP2010536068A (ja) | 2010-11-25 |
WO2009020846A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
CN101784951B (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
US20080310005A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
KR20100044196A (ko) | 2010-04-29 |
CN101784951A (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
EP2183642A4 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
EP2183642B1 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
US7746534B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 |
CA2693306C (en) | 2011-04-19 |
EP2183642A1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
KR100997280B1 (ko) | 2010-11-29 |
CA2693306A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
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