JP4732330B2 - 放射エネルギーでアブレーションするための同軸カテーテル器具 - Google Patents
放射エネルギーでアブレーションするための同軸カテーテル器具 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、1994年9月9日出願の放棄した米国特許出願第08/303,605号の継続出願である1997年4月10日出願の米国特許出願第08/827,631号(現在は米国特許第5,908,415号(1999年6月1日発行))の一部継続出願である1997年12月16日出願の米国特許出願第08/991,130号(現在は米国特許第5,947,595号(1999年9月9日発行))の一部継続出願である1999年9月7日出願の米国特許出願第09/390,964号(現在は米国特許第6,270,492号(2001年8月7日発行))の一部継続出願である2001年8月7日出願の米国特許出願第09/924,394号の一部継続出願である。
本発明は、疾患の治療に用いる組織をアブレーションするためのアブレーション器具に関し、詳細には放射エネルギーを用いる経皮器具に関する。このような器具は、例えば、心不整脈などの心疾患の治療に用いることができる。
不整脈などを治療するために特に心組織などの組織に外傷を形成するためのアブレーション法及び器具を開示する。本発明の一実施形態では、同軸カテーテル本体の形態の経皮アブレーション器具は、内部に少なくとも1つの中心内腔を備え、その先端部分に1または複数のバルーン構造を含む。このバルーン構造及びカテーテル本体は、アブレーションエネルギーを少なくとも部分的に透過する。この器具は、その内腔内に自由に配置可能なエネルギー放出要素を含むことができる。このエネルギー放出要素は、放出バルーンの透過領域を介して標的組織部位に放射エネルギーを放出できるように適合されている。本発明の方法及び装置が伝導または抵抗加熱に依存しないため、この放射エネルギーをエネルギーエミッターと標的組織とを接触させずに送ることができる。放射エネルギーエミッターの位置を変更できるため、医師が外傷を形成するに望ましい位置を選択することができる。
図1に、1または複数のポート18を介して膨張させることができるアンカーバルーン16及び細長い本体14を有する第1の内側カテーテル12を含む本発明に従った同軸カテーテルアブレーション器具10の模式的な断面図が示されている。アンカーバルーンを膨張させるために用いる流体は、詳細を後述するように装置の1または複数の内腔を介して或いは細長い本体内の通路(不図示)を介して供給することができる。この装置は更に、細長い本体24及び1または複数のポート22を介して膨張させることができる放出バルーン26を有する第2の同軸外側カテーテル20を含む。この器具は、心臓内(例えば、肺静脈内)にアンカーバルーン16を固定した時に、放出バルーン26を膨張させてその肩部分50が心組織の標的部位52(例えば、肺静脈口を取り囲む心房の環状領域)に近接させることができるようにデザインするのが好ましい。
好適な一実施形態では、ここでも同様に、光学素子は、言及することを以って本明細書の一部とする2002年7月22日発行の自己の米国特許第6,423,055号に詳細に開示されているような環状(リング状)の放射線ビームを放出できるレンズ要素である。別法では、放射エネルギーエミッターは、図19及び図20を用いて詳細を後述する超音波またはマイクロ波のエネルギー源とすることができる。
〔実施の態様〕
(1)心臓アブレーション外科器具であって、
心臓内に配置するように適合されたカテーテル本体と、
前記カテーテル本体に結合され、前記心臓内で膨張して標的組織部位にアブレーションエネルギーを供給するための透過経路を形成するように適合された放出バルーンと、
アブレーションエネルギーを前記バルーンを介して1または複数の標的組織部位に照射するために前記バルーン内の複数の位置に配置可能なエネルギーエミッターと、
前記標的組織に対して前記エネルギーエミッターが正確に配置されたかを確認するために反射されたエネルギーを測定する前記バルーン内に配置されたセンサとを含むことを特徴とする心臓アブレーション器具。
(2)前記器具が更に、前記バルーン内の複数の位置に前記エネルギーエミッターを配置するための移動機構を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の外科器具。
(3)前記エネルギーエミッターが放射エネルギーエミッターであることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(4)前記エネルギーエミッターが、前記カテーテル本体内におけるその軸方向の位置に基づいて様々な直径のリング状の放射アブレーションエネルギーを放出することを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(5)更に前記放射エネルギーエミッターが、光源から放射エネルギーを受け取るように適合された光伝送光ファイバーを含み、この光ファイバーがその先端部に、光を放出するための光放出先端を有することを特徴とする実施態様(4)に記載の器具。
(6)前記光放出先端が更に、前記カテーテル本体内におけるその軸方向の位置に基づいて様々な直径のリング状のアブレーションエネルギーを前記放射エネルギーエミッターが放出できるように環状の光ビームを放出するためのビーム整形光導波路を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(5)に記載の器具。
(7)更に前記光放出先端が光拡散要素を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(5)に記載の器具。
(8)前記エネルギーエミッターが超音波発生器を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(9)前記超音波発生器が、約5MHz〜約20MHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの波長の超音波エネルギーを発生させることを特徴とする実施態様(8)に記載の器具。
(10)前記超音波発生器が、約7MHz〜約10MHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの波長の超音波エネルギーを発生させることを特徴とする実施態様(8)に記載の器具。
(11)前記エネルギーエミッターがマイクロ波発生器を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(12)前記エネルギーエミッターが、前記カテーテル本体の先端部に配置された接触加熱要素であることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(13)前記器具が更に膨張可能な要素を含み、前記エネルギーエミッターが前記膨張可能な要素の少なくとも一部分に結合されていることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(14)前記エネルギーエミッターが、電流源に結合するように適合された少なくとも1つの電極を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(15)前記電極が、無線周波電流源に結合されていることを特徴とする実施態様(14)に記載の器具。
(16)前記エネルギーエミッターが低温アブレーション要素であることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(17)前記エネルギーエミッターが、心房から肺静脈が延びた位置に配置されるように適合されていることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(18)更に前記センサが、反射された光を受け取るために前記器具内に少なくとも1つの光学センサを含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(19)前記器具が更に、その器具を取り囲む領域を照明して前記光学センサで収集できる反射される光を誘発させるための照明源を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(20)前記器具が更に、反射された光の少なくとも2つの波長を識別できる検出器を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(21)前記センサが、異なった方向を照明するために複数の光ファイバーを含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(22)前記器具が更に、約800nm〜約1000nmの範囲の所望の波長の光アブレーション放射線を発生させるための光源を含むことを含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(23)前記器具が更に、約915nm〜約980nmの範囲の所望の波長の光アブレーション放射線を発生させるための光源を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(24)前記センサが、反射された放射エネルギーを検出するために様々な位置に配置することができ、かつその反射されたエネルギーに基づいて外傷の形成に適した位置を選択できるように、前記カテーテル本体の内腔内を移動可能な接触検出要素を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(25)更に前記センサが、反射された光エネルギーを検出するための光検出器を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(26)更に前記センサが、反射された超音波エネルギーを検出するための超音波検出器を含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(27)前記器具が更に、内部通路を備えた第2のカテーテル本体を含み、この第2のカテーテル本体が、前記第1のカテーテル本体上を前進して心臓内の所定の位置に移動できるように、前記内部通路を介して前記第1のカテーテル本体に結合するように構成されており、
前記第2のカテーテル本体が更に、前記心臓内の周囲部分から血液を排除するために配置することができる膨張可能な放出バルーンを含むことを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(28)前記カテーテル本体がガイドワイヤ上に配置されるように適合されていることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(29)前記カテーテルを前記ガイドワイヤ上に配置できるように、前記カテーテル本体の内部に少なくとも1つの内腔が形成されていることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
(30)前記センサが、放射エネルギー組立体内に設けられた接触センサであることを特徴とする実施態様(1)に記載の器具。
Claims (20)
- 心臓アブレーション器具であって、
心臓内に配置するように適合されたカテーテル本体であって、このカテーテル本体の中に中心内腔を有する、カテーテル本体と、
前記カテーテル本体の先端部に結合され、前記心臓内で膨張して標的組織部位にアブレーションエネルギーを供給するための透過経路を提供するように適合された放出バルーンと、
前記内腔の長さに沿って種々の位置に配置されることができるように前記カテーテル本体の中心内腔内で軸方向に可動であるエネルギーエミッター組立体であって、
前記エネルギーエミッター組立体は、アブレーションエネルギーを、前記放出バルーンを介して1または複数の標的組織部位に照射するためのエネルギーエミッターを備えており、前記エネルギーエミッターは、前記カテーテル本体の中心内腔内での前記エネルギーエミッターのスライド可能な位置決めを容易にする放射エネルギー透過性本体によって取り囲まれており、
前記放出バルーンが膨張状態にあるときに、前記エネルギーエミッターから前記標的組織に接触している前記放出バルーンの部分までアブレーションエネルギーのビームが移動する距離が、前記内腔の長さに沿った前記エネルギーエミッターの位置に基づいて変化するように、前記エネルギーエミッターが構成されると共に前記放出バルーンが前記膨張状態になるよう形成されており、
前記エネルギーエミッター組立体はさらに、前記エネルギー透過性本体内に配置され、標的組織に向けてある量の光を送達する光源を具備する光学センサを備えており、前記エネルギーエミッターは、前記標的組織に対して前記放出バルーンが正確な位置に到達され得るように、ある量の反射した放射エネルギーを受け取るように構成されており、これにより、前記エネルギーエミッター組立体は、接触検出要素として作用する、
エネルギーエミッター組立体と、
前記接触検出要素と連絡し、前記反射した光のある量の少なくとも1つの色成分を検出するように構成された検出器であって、前記ある量の少なくとも1つの色成分は、前記放出バルーンと前記標的組織部位との間の接触を示すものである、検出器と、
を含み、
前記光源が、異なった方向を照明するために、前記エネルギーエミッターの周囲で互いに概ね等間隔で配置された複数の光ファイバーを含んでいる、心臓アブレーション器具。 - 前記検出器が、反射された光の少なくとも2つの波長を識別できる検出器を含んでいる、請求項1に記載の器具。
- 前記検出器が、反射された光について反射率を測定できる検出器を含んでいる、請求項1または2に記載の器具。
- 前記検出器は、前記光ファイバーを介して収集された反射された光を測定するための分光光度計を含んでいる、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記器具が更に、前記放出バルーン内の複数の位置に前記エネルギーエミッターを配置するための移動機構を含んでいる、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記エネルギーエミッターが、放射エネルギーエミッターである、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記エネルギーエミッターが、前記カテーテル本体内における前記エネルギーエミッターの軸方向の位置に基づいて様々な直径のリング状の放射アブレーションエネルギーを放出する、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記放射エネルギーエミッターが更に、光源から放射エネルギーを受け取るように適合された光伝送光ファイバーを含み、この光伝送光ファイバーがその先端部に、光を放出するための光放出先端を有する、請求項7に記載の器具。
- 前記光放出先端が更に、前記カテーテル本体内における前記放射エネルギーエミッターの軸方向の位置に基づいて様々な直径のリング状のアブレーションエネルギーを前記放射エネルギーエミッターが放出できるように、環状の光ビームを放出するためのビーム整形光導波路を含む、請求項8に記載の器具。
- 前記光放出先端が更に、光拡散要素を含む、請求項8に記載の器具。
- 前記エネルギーエミッターが、超音波発生器を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記超音波発生器が、5MHz〜20MHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの波長の超音波エネルギーを発生させる、請求項11に記載の器具。
- 前記超音波発生器が、7MHz〜10MHzの範囲の少なくとも1つの波長の超音波エネルギーを発生させる、請求項11に記載の器具。
- 前記エネルギーエミッターが、マイクロ波発生器を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記エネルギーエミッターが、800nm〜1000nmの範囲の所望の波長の光アブレーション放射線を発生させるための光源を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記エネルギーエミッターが、915nm〜980nmの範囲の所望の波長の光アブレーション放射線を発生させるための光源を含む、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記光学センサは、前記反射された放射エネルギーを検出するために様々な位置に配置することができ、かつその反射されたエネルギーに基づいて外傷の形成に適した位置を選択できるように、前記カテーテル本体の内腔内を移動可能である、請求項1〜16のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記器具が更に、内部通路を備えた第2のカテーテル本体を含み、この第2のカテーテル本体は、請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載のカテーテル本体に、このカテーテル本体が前記第2のカテーテル本体の外周上を前進して心臓内の所定の位置に移動できるように結合するよう構成されており、
前記第2のカテーテル本体は、膨張可能なアンカーバルーンを有しており、前記心臓内の周囲部分から血液を排除するために配置することができる、請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載の器具。 - 前記カテーテル本体が、ガイドワイヤ上に配置されるように適合されている、請求項1〜18のいずれかに記載の器具。
- 前記カテーテル本体を前記ガイドワイヤ上に配置できるように、前記カテーテル本体の内部に少なくとも1つの内腔が形成されている、請求項19に記載の器具。
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PCT/US2004/003141 WO2004069072A2 (en) | 2003-02-03 | 2004-02-03 | Coaxial catheter instruments for ablation with radiant energy |
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- 2004-02-03 CA CA002515029A patent/CA2515029A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-03 AU AU2004208838A patent/AU2004208838A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-03 JP JP2006503305A patent/JP4732330B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-03 WO PCT/US2004/003141 patent/WO2004069072A2/en active Application Filing
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2006
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AU2004208838A1 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
US8025661B2 (en) | 2011-09-27 |
EP1592358A2 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
US8366705B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 |
US8277444B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 |
WO2004069072A3 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
AU2004208838A2 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
WO2004069072A2 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
US20090221997A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
US20120116353A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
US20040006333A1 (en) | 2004-01-08 |
US20060253113A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
US20050038419A9 (en) | 2005-02-17 |
US8444639B2 (en) | 2013-05-21 |
US20070078451A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
CA2515029A1 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
JP2006516465A (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
US8241272B2 (en) | 2012-08-14 |
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