JP4607834B2 - 医薬製剤をエアロゾル化するためのシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
医薬製剤をエアロゾル化するためのシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61M15/003—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
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- A61M15/0091—Inhalators mechanically breath-triggered
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61M15/0091—Inhalators mechanically breath-triggered
- A61M15/0096—Hindering inhalation before activation of the dispenser
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0488—Mouthpieces; Means for guiding, securing or introducing the tubes
- A61M16/049—Mouthpieces
- A61M16/0493—Mouthpieces with means for protecting the tube from damage caused by the patient's teeth, e.g. bite block
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0488—Mouthpieces; Means for guiding, securing or introducing the tubes
- A61M16/049—Mouthpieces
- A61M16/0495—Mouthpieces with tongue depressors
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0866—Passive resistors therefor
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
- A61M16/201—Controlled valves
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- A61M16/208—Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
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- A61M2202/06—Solids
- A61M2202/064—Powder
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Description
本願に記載されている「作用薬剤」には、ある種の薬理的効果、多くの場合は有益な薬効を提供する薬剤、薬物、化合物、物質の合成物又はその混合物が含まれている。これは、食品、栄養補助食品、栄養剤、薬物、ワクチン、ビタミン及び他の有益な薬剤を含んでいる。本願で使用されているように、この用語は、患者において任意の局所的又は全身的効果を生じさせる任意の生理学的又は薬理学的作用物質をさらに含んでいる。送達され得る作用薬剤は、抗生物質、抗ウイルス剤、抗てんかん薬、鎮痛剤、抗炎症薬、気管支拡張剤、及びウイルスを含んでおり、限定するわけではないが、末梢神経、アドレナリン受容体、コリン作動性受容体、骨格筋、心血管系、平滑筋、血管系、シナプス部、神経効果器接合部、内分泌系、ホルモン分泌系、免疫系、生殖器系、骨格系、オータコイド系、消化器系、排出系、ヒスタミン系及び中枢神経系に作用する薬物を含む無機化合物及び有機化合物とすることもできる。適した薬剤は、例えば、多糖類、ステロイド、催眠薬、鎮静薬、精神賦活剤、精神安定剤、抗痙攣薬、筋弛緩剤、抗パーキンソン病薬、鎮痛薬、抗炎症薬、筋収縮薬、抗菌薬、抗マラリア薬、生理的作用を誘発させることができる避妊薬や交感神経興奮薬やポリペプチドやプロテインを含むホルモン薬、利尿薬、脂質調節薬、抗男性ホルモン剤、抗寄生虫剤、組織新生薬(neoplastics)、抗腫瘍薬、血糖降下薬、栄養剤、栄養補助食品、成長補助剤、脂質、抗腸炎剤、電解質、ワクチン及び診断薬から選択され得る。
Claims (14)
- 通気路を規定するハウジングと、
前記通気路から分岐する他の通気路と、
医薬製剤を収容している受容器を前記通気路に結合するように構成されている結合機構と、
作動真空閾値を越えるまで、呼吸気が前記通気路を通って流れることを防止するための弁と、
呼吸気の流量に関する情報を提供するためのフィードバック機構を備えた、前記通気路を通る呼吸気の流れを予め定められた流量に調節するための調節システムと、
を備え、前記作動真空閾値を越えたときに、前記弁が開き、呼吸気が前記通気路を通って流れることを許容し、前記受容器から前記医薬製剤を抽出して、エアロゾルを形成させており、
前記調節システムは、予め定められた時間の間又は予め定められた吸入体積の間、約15L/分以下の流量に前記呼吸気の流れを制限するように構成されており、
予め定められた時間の間又は予め定められた吸入体積の間、前記ハウジング内に前記他の通気路を開くように構成されている流量積算器をさらに備えている、エアロゾル化装置。 - 前記フィードバック機構が、前記通気路と連通している笛を備える、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記調節システムが前記通気路に配設された制限部材を備え、該制限部材が前記通気路を通る呼吸気の流れを制限するような寸法を有したオリフィスを形成している、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記調節システムが、前記通気路の寸法を制限するための絞り機構を備える、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記絞り機構が、呼吸気の流量が増加すると閉鎖するエラストマ製のカモノハシのくちばし状の弁を備える、請求項4に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記絞り機構が、呼吸気の流量が増加するとテーパ状の開口部内に引き込まれるばね付勢されたボールを備える、請求項4に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記絞り機構が、前記通気路を通る呼吸気の流量を変化させるように調整可能になっている、請求項4に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記調節システムが、前記絞り機構を調整するための制御システムをさらに備える、請求項7に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記制御システムは、予め定められた時間の間又は予め定められた吸入体積の間、予め定められた流量に前記呼吸気の流れを制限した後、前記通気路を通る呼吸気の流れが増加することを許容するために、前記絞り機構を調整するように構成されている、請求項8に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記弁は、開口部を有した閉塞部材と、前記作動真空閾値になったときに前記開口部を通過する通過部材とを備えている、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記閉塞部材がエラストマ膜を備え、前記通過部材がボールを備える、請求項10に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記弁の前記作動真空閾値が約1.96kPaから約5.88kPaの範囲になっている、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 抽出された前記医薬製剤の凝塊を解消させるために、前記受容器の通気路下流側に配設された凝塊解消機構をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル化装置。
- 前記流量積算器は、前記通気路内を摺動可能であって前記通気路に対して平行な貫通路を備えたシャトルと、前記通気路における呼吸器の流れに対して前記他の通気路の上流側および下流側に配置されていて前記シャトルの運動を制限する停止装置とを含んでおり、
前記シャトルが上流側の前記停止装置近傍に位置しているときには前記他の通気路は前記シャトルによって閉鎖されており、
前記シャトルが下流側の前記停止装置近傍に位置しているときには前記他の通気路は開放するようにした、請求項1に記載のエアロゾル装置。
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US14179399P | 1999-06-30 | 1999-06-30 | |
US19806000P | 2000-04-18 | 2000-04-18 |
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JP2006227120A Expired - Fee Related JP4607834B2 (ja) | 1999-06-30 | 2006-08-23 | 医薬製剤をエアロゾル化するためのシステム及び方法 |
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US (2) | US6606992B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1212111B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2003503117A (ja) |
KR (2) | KR100885713B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1217713C (ja) |
AP (1) | AP1611A (ja) |
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GB0024793D0 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2000-11-22 | Innovata Biomed Ltd | Diaphragm |
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US6722364B2 (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2004-04-20 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Medicament inhalation delivery devices and methods for using the same |
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