JP4183507B2 - 神経系の損傷後疾患の処置のためのトリペプチド及びトリペプチド誘導体 - Google Patents
神経系の損傷後疾患の処置のためのトリペプチド及びトリペプチド誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
よって、本発明の基礎をなす目的は、神経成長を刺激し、このため例えば、虚血、外傷又は中毒由来の疾患のような損傷後ニューロン疾患の処置に適している物質を提供することである。
R1は、アミノ酸:Phe、Tyr、Trp、及びPro(それぞれ、場合により1個以上の(C1-5)アルコキシ基、(C1-5)アルキル基又はハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい)、更にはAla、Val、Leu又はIleの1つから誘導される残基であり;
R2は、アミノ酸:Gly、Ala、Ile、Val、Ser、Thr、Leu及びProの1つから誘導される残基であり;
Y1及びY2は、相互に独立に、H又は(C1-5)アルキルを表し;
R3及びR4は、相互に独立に、H、OH、(C1-5)アルキル又は(C1-5)アルコキシを表し(ただし、R3及びR4は、両方ともOH又は(C1-5)アルコキシであることはない);そして
R5は、H、OH、(C1-5)アルキル又は(C1-5)アルコキシを表す]で示される化合物、又は薬学的に許容しうるその塩の使用により解決される。
他に記載がなければ、アミノ酸残基は、L型だけでなくD型との両方で存在しうる(L型が好ましい)。
1.脳血液分布係数の測定
上記のように、血液脳関門は、一般に水溶性物質に対する障害物を与えて、普通の投与法によるCNSの処置用の多くの水溶性物質の使用を妨げている。しかし、本発明により使用されるトリペプチド又はトリペプチド誘導体は、該血液脳関門を通過する能力があることが証明できた。本発明により使用されるトリペプチド及びトリペプチド誘導体の血液脳分布は、以下のとおり定量される。
Log BB = (X1×A)+(X2×B)+(X3×C)+・・・+定数
Log(BB) = Log(脳内の濃度)/(血液中の濃度)。
A2:式(I)の−NH−CHR1−CO−による、フェニル環での置換を含む芳香族アミノ酸、更には脂肪族アミノ酸。
A3:プロリン及び誘導体 D:右旋性
(a)プロリンの遊離酸の代わりのプロリンアミド、プロリン(ジエチル)アミド及びプロリンメチルエステルの使用は、血液脳関門の通過に関して好ましい。
(b)A2の構造単位(R1に対応する)では、芳香族アミノ酸F及びそのアルキル誘導体、更にはイソロイシン(I)が好ましい。
(c)構造単位A1(R2に対応する)では、脂肪族アミノ酸(I)、更には2個のエチル基での(G)及び(I)のアミノ基の置換が、特に好ましい。
(d)アミノ酸単位の光学的キラリティーは、少なくとも血液脳関門の受動通過には貢献していないようである。
経口投与薬物の吸収は、消化管バリアを通過するその能力により決定される。並列人工膜透過測定法システム(Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeation Assay system)(PAMPA)は、消化管薬物吸収の予測に関して単純かつ迅速な方法である。生物学的細胞層の薬物透過は、主として受動拡散プロセスに関連している。PAMPA法によって、受動拡散により人工膜を通過する潜在的な新しい薬物の透過を測定して、低、中及び高吸収物質への分類ができる。
低(フラックス速度<20%)、中(20%<フラックス速度<50%)及び高(フラックス速度>50%)透過物質。この分類によれば、HCl−Gly−Phe−ProNH2、更にはTRH及びH−Gly−Phe−Pro−OHは、弱く吸収される化合物であり、N,N−ジエチル−Ile−Ile−ProNH2、N−イソプロピル−Ile−Ile−ProNH2、N,N−ジエチル−Gly−Ile−ProNH2及びN,N−ジエチル−Ile−Phe−ProNHEtは、経口適用後、中度〜高度に吸収される化合物であると予測される。
HCl−Gly−Phe−ProNH2、H−Gly−Phe−Pro−OH < TRH、N,N−ジエチル−Gly−Ile−ProNH2 < N−イソプロピル−Ile−Ile−ProNH2 < N,N−ジエチル−Ile−Ile−ProNH2 < N,N−ジエチル−Ile−Phe−ProNHEt。
TrkA、TrkB及びTrkCの二量体断片のX線構造又はモデルに基づいて、式(I)の幾つかの化合物のドッキング試験を実施した。両方のモノマーの間のリガンドの全ての配置について、理論的方法によってその親和定数(pKd=pKi)を計算する必要がある(Wang, R.; Liu, L.; Lai, L.; Tang, Y.; J. Mol. Model., 1998, 4, 379-394を参照のこと )。
以下の全ての研究の論拠は、NGFがドッキングしたTrkA断片のX線構造(pdb=1www)である(Wiesmann, C., Ultsch, M.H., Bass, S.H., De Vos, A.M., Nature 1999, 401, 184を参照のこと)。
プログラムGOLD[Jones, D.T., J. Mol. Biol., 1999, 292(2), 195-202;Jones, D.T., Taylor, W.R., Thornton, J.M., Nature 1992, 358, 86-89を参照のこと]をリガンドの「自動」ドッキングのために使用した。3つ全ての受容体に対するリガンドそれぞれの最適なドッキングを確保するために、2つのわずかに異なる結合部位を調査した。各ランにつきGOLDを用いて、20個のドッキング構造(全部で40個)を測定した。タンパク質構造は、固定していると考えられるため、固定した受容体の基本骨格だけを保持しながら40個全ての配置を最適化した。
全てのタンパク質−リガンド複合体について、酵素インヒビター複合体の場合のPKi値に相当するpKd値を求めるために、GOLD及びプログラムのSCORE[Wangら、同文献を参照のこと]を用いたいわゆる適合度の値である、リガンドと受容体との相互作用エネルギーをトリポス(Tripos)力場を用いて計算した(適合度、即ちpKd値が高いほど、リガンドの親和性は高い)。SCOREは、ドッキング配置において、相互作用エネルギーだけでなく、溶媒和、脱溶媒及びエントロピー効果も考慮に入れる。
a)HCl−H−Gly−L−Phe−L−Pro−NH2の合成
工程1:Boc−L−Phe−OH + H−L−Pro−NH2 → Boc−L−Phe−L−Pro−NH2
Boc−L−Phe−OH 87.6gをジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)50ml及び1,2−ジメトキシエタン(DME)300mlの混合物に溶解して、−15℃に冷却した。次に、N−メチルモルホリン(NMM)37ml(1当量)を一度に加え、次いでクロロギ酸イソブチル(IBCF)45ml(1当量)を10分かけて滴下により加えた。次にこの混合物を−15℃で更に5分間撹拌した。続いてTFA.H−L−Pro−NH2 40g(1.06当量)を5分かけて少量ずつ加え、次にN,N−ジイソプロピル−N−エチルアミン(DIEA)315ml(1当量)を一度に加えた。反応混合物を室温及び大気圧で一晩反応させた。続いて、この反応混合物を、水流吸引器及びドライアイス/アセトントラップを取り付けたロータリーエバポレーターで濃縮し、そして残渣を酢酸エチル1lにとり、次に2l分液ロートで、1N KHSO4水溶液80mlで12回洗浄し、食塩水80mlで1回洗浄し、飽和NaHCO3水溶液80mlで10回洗浄し、食塩水80mlで1回洗浄した。次いでNa2SO4 50gで乾燥した。焼結ガラスロート(粗い多孔度)での濾過後、上述のように濃縮した。次に蒸発の残渣(乾燥泡状物)を1lヘキサン中で粉砕して、固体を焼結ガラスロート(120mm内径×120mm、中度の多孔度)上に回収した。続いてこれをデシケーター中で室温及び0.1〜1mmHg(真空油ポンプ、ドライアイス/アセトントラップ付き)の圧力で12時間かけて乾燥した。こうしてBoc−L−Phe−L−Pro−NH2 92.8gを得た(収率:77.8%)。
モル質量(質量分析法): 317g/mol
融点: 60℃(分解)
純度(HPLC): 95.2%
旋光度(Na/20℃]: −23.9
H2O[KF]: 1.84%
重金属: 25.4ppm
溶媒: 2.02 0/00
元素分析: 64.0% C
7.4% H
11.4% N
17.0% O
工程1で得られたBoc−L−Phe−L−Pro−NH2(180g)を、マグネティックスターラーを取り付けた2l丸底フラスコ中で塩化メチレン250mlに溶解/懸濁した。次に、トリフルオロ酢酸250mlをこの溶液と室温(15〜25℃)及び大気圧で1時間反応させた。次に反応混合物を、撹拌しながらtert−ブチルメチルエーテル(TBME)5l中で沈殿させた。沈殿物を焼結ガラスロート上に回収し、次にジエチルエーテル1.5lで2回及びヘキサン1lで2回洗浄した。続いて工程1で上述したように乾燥を行った。
Boc−Gly−OH 44g(1当量)を、DMF 50ml及びDME 300mlの混合物に溶解し、次に−15℃に冷却した。NMM 28ml(1当量)を一度に加え、続いてIBCF 34ml(1当量)を10分かけて滴下により加えた。この混合物を−15℃で更に5分間撹拌した。TFA.H−L−Phe−L−Pro−NH2 94.5g(1.06当量)をここに5分かけて少量ずつ加え、続いてDIEA 44ml(1当量)を加えた。この反応混合物を室温及び大気圧で一晩反応させた。次に、反応混合物を、水流吸引器及びドライアイス/アセトントラップを取り付けたロータリーエバポレーターで濃縮し、そして残渣を酢酸エチル1.2lにとり、次に2l分液ロートで、1N KHSO4水溶液80mlで5回洗浄し、飽和NaHCO3水溶液80mlで5回洗浄し、そして食塩水80mlで1回洗浄した。次いでNa2SO4 50gで乾燥した。焼結ガラスロート(粗い多孔度)での濾過後、上述のように濃縮した。次に蒸発の残渣(粘着性油状物)をジエチルエーテル1lとヘキサン2lの混合物中で粉砕して、固体を焼結ガラスロート(180mm内径×180mm、中度の多孔度)上に回収した。続いてこれをデシケーター中で室温及び0.1〜1mmHg(真空油ポンプ、ドライアイス/アセトントラップ付き)の圧力で12時間かけて乾燥した。こうして、Boc−Gly−L−Phe−L−Pro−NH2 100gを得た(収率:94.7%)。
モル質量(質量分析法): 418g/mol
融点: 66℃(分解)
純度(HPLC): 98.6%
旋光度[Na/20℃]: −27.9
H2O[KF]: 3.78%
重金属: 40.2ppm
溶媒: 1.8 0/00
元素分析: 61.2% C
7.5% H
12.8% N
18.4% O
工程3で得られたBoc−Gly−L−Phe−L−Pro−NH2(149g)を塩化メチレン300mlに溶解/懸濁して、次に4N HCl/ジオキサン300mlを一度に加えた。この混合物を、マグネティックスターラーを取り付けた2l丸底フラスコ中で、室温(15〜25℃)で大気圧で1時間反応させた。次に、ジエチルエーテル1lを反応混合物に加え、沈殿物を焼結ガラスロート上に回収した。次に沈殿物をジエチルエーテル1.5lで2回洗浄して、工程1に記載されたように乾燥した。
モル質量(質量分析法): 318g/mol
融点: 93℃(分解)
純度(HPLC): 98.8%
旋光度[Na/20℃]: −19.1
H2O[KF]: 2.79%
重金属: 15.9ppm
溶媒: 0.72 0/00
元素分析: 53.7% C
6.4% H
14.3% N
14.9% O
N,N−ジエチル−Ile−Phe−Pro−NH−Etは、固相合成法により以下のとおり調製した:
A:DMF中20%ピペリジン
B:DCCl/HOBt/DMF
C:95% TFA、次いで留去
D:C18でのRP−HPLC、システム:0.1% TFA/アセトニトリル
E:アセタート型のアニオン交換体、水で溶出
外観: 帯黄色の生成物
溶解度: 5%酢酸中に1mg/ml(清澄な無色の溶液)
アミノ酸分析: Pro 1.00(1)
Phe 0.03(1)
Ile 0.01(1)
N,N−ジエチル−Ileは測定できない;
Ile−Phe結合は不完全な加水分解
ESI−MS: m=458.5u(平均質量)
純度(HPLC): >95%
水分含量: 3.9%
N,N−ジエチル−Ile−Ile−Pro−NH−Etは、固相合成法により以下のとおり調製した:
Fmoc−Ile−Pro−OH(B−2135)、Fmoc−Ile−OH(B−1340)
A =DMF中20%ピペリジン
B =TBTU/DIPEA/DMF
C =95% TFA、次いでIPEで沈殿
D =C18でのRP−HPLC、システム:0.1% TFA/アセトニトリル
E =アセタート型のアニオン交換体、H2Oで溶出
外観: 帯黄色の生成物
溶解度: 水中に1mg/ml(清澄な無色の溶液)
アミノ酸分析: Pro 1.00(1)
Ile 0.03(1)
N,N−ジエチル−Ileは測定できない;
Ile−Ile結合は不完全な加水分解
ESI−MS: m=396.5u(平均質量)
純度(HPLC): >96%
水分含量: 2.0%
ラット肝細胞の単離及び培養
オスの成体ウィスターラット(IFFAクレド(IFFA Credo)、L'Arbresle、フランス )からの肝細胞を、Seglen(単離ラット肝細胞の調製, Methods Cell Biol. 13, 29-83, 1976)により報告され、Williamsら(ラット肝細胞初代培養。III.分離及び接着の改善法並びに培地による生存率の増強、in vitro 13: 809-817, 1977)により改変された手順により、コラゲナーゼ(シグマ(Sigma)(セントルイス、ミズーリ州、米国)から購入)を用いるインサイチュー肝灌流によって単離した。位相差顕微鏡法及びトリパンブルー試験における未変性細胞の周縁部不応性による細胞生存率の推定後、新たに単離した肝細胞を、10%(v/v)ウシ胎仔血清、70μMコルチゾル、2mM L−グルタミン、10mM HEPES緩衝液、及び4mM NaOHを補足した基礎ウィリアム培地E(basal William's medium E)(WME)中で洗浄した。次にこれらを、37℃で6時間細胞接着のために前述の培地で50mmプラスチック細胞培養シャーレ当たり0.5×106個の細胞の密度で培養した。続いて、肝細胞を、7.8μMの遊離脂肪酸の混合物のための輸送体として4g/lウシアルブミン画分V(シグマ(Sigma))を含む無血清及び無コレステロール培地(SF−WME)中で3回洗浄し(Cheesebeuf MとPadieu P, 長期無血清ラット肝上皮細胞株における主要代謝機能の発現, In vitro 20: 780-795, 1984)、次に式(I)の種々のトリペプチドを補足したSF−WMEに移した。実験の各群について、3又は4つの肝臓由来の肝細胞を使用した。
有意性は、スチューデントのt検定を用いて計算する。値は、平均±SDとして表される。
方法:(懸濁した肝細胞)
血漿試料:トリクロロ酢酸で沈殿。遠心分離及び上清のアリコートをHPLCに。
イオン交換カラム:ヌクレオシル(Nucleosil)C18(250×4.6mm)。
緩衝液 TEAP 0.1%/CH3CN、1ml/分
210nmで読み取り。
20μg/24時間/106細胞
106細胞/ml
物質濃度を10μg/ml及び1.0μg/mlまで下げる。
下記の半減期の値を得た:
神経細胞の発芽は、樹状突起の長さにより測定される。本発明では、本発明により使用される物質の発芽に及ぼす影響がインビボ測定法で試験される。
Claims (3)
- R1が、アミノ酸:Pheから誘導される残基(場合によりハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい)である、請求項1記載の医薬。
- 式(I)の化合物が、グリシル−L−フェニルアラニル−L−プロリンアミド、N,N−ジエチル−イソロイシル−フェニルアラニル−L−プロリンエチルアミド、N,N−ジエチル−イソロイシル−イソロイシル−プロリンアミド、又は薬学的に許容しうるこれらの塩である、請求項1〜2のいずれか1項記載の医薬。
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DE10105038A DE10105038B4 (de) | 2001-02-05 | 2001-02-05 | Tripeptid-Derivate für die Behandlung von postläsionalen Krankheiten des Nervensystems |
PCT/EP2002/001183 WO2002062373A2 (en) | 2001-02-05 | 2002-02-05 | Tripeptides and tripeptide derivatives for the treatment of postlesional diseases of the nervous system |
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EP (1) | EP1363656B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4183507B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE285244T1 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE10105038B4 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2230480T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1363656E (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002062373A2 (ja) |
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DE10105040A1 (de) * | 2001-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | Tell Pharm Ag Hergiswil | Tripeptid-Derivate für die Behandlung von postläsionalen Krankheiten des Nervensystems |
DE10105038B4 (de) | 2001-02-05 | 2005-07-07 | Neurotell Ag | Tripeptid-Derivate für die Behandlung von postläsionalen Krankheiten des Nervensystems |
JP2011201923A (ja) * | 2005-07-01 | 2011-10-13 | Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd | ジペプチジルペプチダーゼiv阻害剤 |
CN106317177A (zh) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-11 | 首都医科大学 | Gly-Phe-Pro,其合成,活性和应用 |
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CA1323301C (en) * | 1987-06-05 | 1993-10-19 | Alan I. Faden | Thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogs in cns injury |
FR2622581B1 (fr) * | 1987-11-03 | 1990-02-16 | Inorgan Sa Rech Develop Pharm | Nouveaux derives de l-proline, leur preparation et leurs applications biologiques |
EP0445606B1 (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1997-01-22 | The Agency of Industrial Science and Technology | Novel oligopeptides, pharmaceutical composition and food containing the same, and use of oligopeptides |
DE4007869A1 (de) | 1990-03-13 | 1991-09-19 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Aminosaeurederivate |
JPH045240A (ja) | 1990-04-20 | 1992-01-09 | Taisho Pharmaceut Co Ltd | 抗痴呆剤 |
US5091391A (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1992-02-25 | University Of Pittsburgh Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education | Method of resisting neurodegenerative disorders |
AU667463B2 (en) | 1990-12-28 | 1996-03-28 | Cortex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Use of calpain inhibitors in the inhibition and treatment of neurodegeneration |
WO1992013549A1 (en) * | 1991-02-07 | 1992-08-20 | Research Corporation Technologies, Inc. | Inhibition of cell proliferation by hydrophobic peptides |
US6235929B1 (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 2001-05-22 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Tripeptide α-ketoamides |
CA2180844A1 (en) * | 1994-01-13 | 1995-07-20 | W. Clark Still | Synthetic receptors, libraries and uses thereof |
US5716929A (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1998-02-10 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Inhibitors of interleukin-1β converting enzyme |
US5834029A (en) * | 1994-07-20 | 1998-11-10 | Cytotherapeutics, Inc. | Nerve guidance channel containing bioartificial three-dimensional hydrogel extracellular matrix derivatized with cell adhesive peptide fragment |
JPH0940577A (ja) * | 1995-05-24 | 1997-02-10 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | トリペプチド、ジペプチドを含有する医薬組成物 |
WO1996041638A1 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1996-12-27 | Sanofi Winthrop, Inc. | Calpain inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases |
JPH09169797A (ja) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-06-30 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | プロテアーゼアクティベーター活性を有するペプチド |
US5840838A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-11-24 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Process for enhancing the activity of amyloid β peptides |
WO1998014202A1 (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1998-04-09 | Auckland Uniservices Limited | Regulation of neural enzymes |
JP4727770B2 (ja) | 1997-09-26 | 2011-07-20 | カルピス株式会社 | 尿中カテコールアミン低下、尿中ノルアドレナリン低下、尿中ドーパミン低下及びFischer比低下の少なくとも1つの軽減剤 |
US6080848A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 2000-06-27 | Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Human brain associated protein |
US6379691B1 (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2002-04-30 | Medtronic/Ave, Inc. | Uses for medical devices having a lubricious, nitric oxide-releasing coating |
WO2001028578A2 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-04-26 | Wrair | A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING pGLU-GLU-PRO-NH2 AND METHOD FOR TREATING DISEASES AND INJURIES TO THE BRAIN, SPINAL CORD AND RETINA USING SAME |
JP4633876B2 (ja) | 1999-11-11 | 2011-02-16 | カルピス株式会社 | トリペプチドの製造方法 |
AU2001247334A1 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-24 | Monsanto Company | Novel peptides with anti-hypertensive activity |
DE10105038B4 (de) | 2001-02-05 | 2005-07-07 | Neurotell Ag | Tripeptid-Derivate für die Behandlung von postläsionalen Krankheiten des Nervensystems |
DE10105041A1 (de) | 2001-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | Tell Pharm Ag Hergiswil | Tripeptide und Tripeptid-Derivate für die Behandlung neurodegenerativer Krankheiten |
US6846641B2 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2005-01-25 | Agy Therapeutics, Inc. | In vitro ischemia model |
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WO2002062373A2 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
EP1363656B1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
DE60202356T2 (de) | 2005-12-08 |
ES2230480T3 (es) | 2005-05-01 |
PT1363656E (pt) | 2005-03-31 |
DE10105038B4 (de) | 2005-07-07 |
DE60202356D1 (de) | 2005-01-27 |
EP1363656A2 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
ATE285244T1 (de) | 2005-01-15 |
US20050080016A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
DE10105038A1 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
JP2004526702A (ja) | 2004-09-02 |
WO2002062373A3 (en) | 2002-11-14 |
US7122524B2 (en) | 2006-10-17 |
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