JP3813632B2 - 手で塑性変形可能なカバー材料 - Google Patents

手で塑性変形可能なカバー材料 Download PDF

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JP3813632B2
JP3813632B2 JP50471197A JP50471197A JP3813632B2 JP 3813632 B2 JP3813632 B2 JP 3813632B2 JP 50471197 A JP50471197 A JP 50471197A JP 50471197 A JP50471197 A JP 50471197A JP 3813632 B2 JP3813632 B2 JP 3813632B2
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JPH11508500A (ja
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ホフマン・カール−ハインツ
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ラファルゲ・ブラース・ルーフィング・アクセサリーズ・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コンパニー・コマンデイトゲゼルシヤフト
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
    • E04D13/147—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof specially adapted for inclined roofs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/26—Non-fibrous reinforcements only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
    • E04D13/147—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof specially adapted for inclined roofs
    • E04D13/1473—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof specially adapted for inclined roofs specially adapted to the cross-section of the parts extending above the roof
    • E04D13/1475—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof specially adapted for inclined roofs specially adapted to the cross-section of the parts extending above the roof wherein the parts extending above the roof have a generally rectangular cross-section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E04D13/174—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for on the ridge of the roof
    • E04D13/176—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for on the ridge of the roof formed by flexible material suitable to be rolled up
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24298—Noncircular aperture [e.g., slit, diamond, rectangular, etc.]
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    • Y10T428/24306—Diamond or hexagonal
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    • Y10T428/24339—Keyed
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    • Y10T428/24347—From both sides
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    • Y10T428/24446—Wrinkled, creased, crinkled or creped
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    • Y10T428/24545—Containing metal or metal compound
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    • Y10T428/24562—Interlaminar spaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/24686—Pleats or otherwise parallel adjacent folds
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    • Y10T442/172—Coated or impregnated
    • Y10T442/176—Three or more layers
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    • Y10T442/2164—Coating or impregnation specified as water repellent

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Description

本発明は、手で塑性変形可能な少なくとも一方向に伸びることができるカバー材料であって、穴を有する支持要素を備え、この支持要素は少なくともその上側に穴を覆う上方被覆を有するカバー材料に関する。
そのようなカバー材料は、例えば溝のついた屋根被覆板で覆われた屋根面と、煙突、窓、壁、排気管または棟、隅木等のような屋根面から突出する部材との間の中間空間を閉じるために、構造物の屋根領域で覆うためのアーチ、条片または通路の形態のものが要求される。これらの場合に、中間空間の実質的に平坦な面または直線縁から出発して、三次元の構造を与えられた面に対し水密に覆わなければならないが、その際三次元の構造を与えられた表面は当然平面の中へのそれらの投影より大きい。それ故、カバーは少なくとも、三次元の構造を与えられた表面に載っている領域で伸びることができなければならない。
ドイツ連邦共和国特許公開第3 642 063号からポリイソブチレンに埋設された展伸金属格子を支持要素として有するカバー材料が知られている。このカバー材料を伸ばしたときに、展伸金属格子の菱形のメッシュが変形し、そのときメッシュの側方の長さが同じままである場合に、それらの厚さと幅が互いに反対に変化する。同時に、メッシュの面が変化するので、埋設物が著しく変形されて、それらのゴム弾性的な特性に基づいて展伸金属格子に戻り力を及ぼす。それ故、周知のカバー材料は特に著しい伸びにしたがって望ましくないクリープ挙動を示す。
本発明は、少なくとも一方向に30％以上伸びることができ、伸び方向を横切って曲がることができ、しかもその全面で変わらない形状安定性をもって三次元的に塑性変形可能である、平坦な面と溝をつけた面との間、特に大きい溝をつけた屋根面との間の中間空間を覆うための比較的値も安いカバー材料を提供することを課題の基礎とする。
この課題を解決するには、上方の被覆が薄い面材料からなり、被覆された支持要素がその元の長さの少なくとも25％だけ少なくとも伸び方向と反対方向にクレープ状に圧縮されることにより、カバー材料は不規則な小さい波が設けられた表面を有するようにすればよい。
伸び方向と反対方向に圧縮することにより、カバー材料を伸び方向に再び問題なく伸ばしてその元の長さにすることができる。カバー材料は、少なくとも後で再び伸ばさなければならない長さだけクレープ状に圧縮される。好ましくは、カバー材料をその元の長さの30％から50％だけ圧縮することにより、その元の長さに伸ばしたときに、納入状態の長さのほぼ１と２分の１倍から２倍までの長さになる。したがって、カバー材料を100％だけ伸ばすことが、したがってこれまで知られたカバー材料の高さより実質的に高い量だけ伸ばすことが問題なく可能である。カバー材料は長さ方向にも横方向にも圧縮することができるので、全ての方向に伸ばすことができるのは自明である。
同時に、このカバー材料によれば、平坦な材料が空気透過性である場合に通気が可能になる。これには、例えば呼吸可能な、拡散開放性のおよび発水性の薄いフリースまたはニット製品が特に良く適している。縮らせた平坦な材料は個々の穴の形状や面の変化に、引き裂くこともせずに容易に適合させることができる。
平坦な材料が発水性である場合に、水の侵入が阻止される。このことは、適当な含浸によっても達成することができ、この含浸はその他殺真菌性のおよび防炎性の構成要素を有することができる。
上方の被覆の平坦な材料がポリアクリルニトリル−フリースからなる場合に、カバー材料は特に天候の影響や紫外線の放射に対して安定性がある。
支持要素が平坦な材料からなる下方の被覆もその下側に、したがって両側で被覆されている場合に、カバー材料は特に安定性がある。
下方の被覆の平坦な材料はポリエステル−フリースからなることができる。
上方の被覆と下方の被覆は、支持要素の穴またはメッシュの領域で、例えば溶接または接着により互いに結合することができる。このようにして、支持要素は両方の被覆の間に、これらと直接接着することなく、埋設される。それ故、被覆は支持材料のウエブの上を滑ることができる。
支持要素は格子状に形成することができかつ延性工作材料からなることができる。本発明の意味の格子状という言葉は、例えば直線のまたは波形のウエブを有する格子またはニット製品を意味する。
直線のウエブを有する格子の場合、これらのウエブは伸び方向に対し斜めに延びていなければならない。それ故、カバー材料が伸びたときに、ウエブの位置を角度変化により変えることができるので、メッシュの寸法の変化が生ずる。長さが増加すると、幅が減少することになる。
横方向への影響なしで一方向に伸ばすことが可能である。なぜなら、ウエブがクレープ状の圧縮により波形にされるからである。
非常に値も安く質もよい支持要素は展伸金属格子である。これはほぼ10×５mmのメッシュ幅、ほぼ0.4mmのウエブ幅およびほぼ0.3mmの薄板厚さを有するのが好ましい。
支持要素のための耐食性の工作材料として、アルミニューム、特に軟質のアルミニュームが推奨される。アルミニューム製の展伸金属格子が用いられる限りでは、これは改善された延性特性の軟化処理により維持することができる。
カバー材料は硬化可能な結合剤を有する場合に、硬質のカバーを形成することができる。これは、例えば液圧で硬化された結合剤または重合させることが可能なプラスチックであることができる。
図面に好ましい本発明の実施例を示し、次に詳細に説明する。
第１図は本発明によるカバー材料の平面図を示し、第２図は第１図の線II-IIに沿って切断した縦断面図を示す。
第１図と第２図は本発明によるカバー材料１０を概略的に平面図と縦断面図で示す。カバー材料１０は支持要素１２として展伸金属格子を有し、その上側１４にもその下側１６にも上方被覆１８または下方被覆２０を有し、これらの被覆は支持要素１２の穴２２を覆っている。上方の被覆１８は発水性の含浸されたポリアクリルニトリル−フリース（羊毛）からなり、一方下方の被覆２０はポリエステル−フリースからなる。穴２２の領域では、上方の被覆１８が下方の被覆２０と接着されている。被覆１８、２０は支持要素１２のウエブ２４の上を滑ることができる。接着後、両側で被覆された支持要素１２が伸び方向２６と反対方向にその元の長さの70％にクレープ状に圧縮されるので、縮らせたカバー材料１０はその長さの４０パーセントだけ伸びることができる。

Claims (9)

  1. 手で塑性変形可能な少なくとも一つの方向に伸ばすことができるカバー材料(10)であって、穴(22)を有する支持要素(12)を備え、この支持要素は少なくともその上側に、穴(22)を覆う上方の被覆(18)を有するカバー材料において、上方の被覆(18)は薄い平坦な材料からなり、被覆された支持要素(12)が少なくとも伸び方向(26)と反対方向にその元の長さの少なくとも25％だけクレープ状に圧縮されることにより、カバー材料(10)は不規則な小さい波が設けられた表面を有することを特徴とするカバー材料。
  2. 平坦な材料が空気透過性であることを特徴とする請求項１のカバー材料。
  3. 平坦な材料が発水性であることを特徴とする請求項１または２のカバー材料。
  4. 上方の被覆(18)の平坦な材料がポリアクリルニトリル−フリースからなることを特徴とする請求項１から３までのうちのいずれか一つに記載のカバー材料。
  5. 支持要素(12)は、平坦な材料からなる下方の被覆(20)もその下側(16)に有することを特徴とする請求項１から４までのうちのいずれか一つに記載のカバー材料。
  6. 下方の被覆(20)の平坦な材料がポリエステル−フリースからなることを特徴とする請求項５のカバー材料。
  7. 上方の被覆(18)と下方の被覆(20)が穴(22)の領域で互いに結合されていることを特徴とする請求項５または６に記載のカバー材料。
  8. 支持要素(12)が展伸金属格子であることを特徴とする請求項１から７までのうちのいずれか一つに記載のカバー材料。
  9. 支持要素(12)がアルミニュームからなることを特徴とする請求項１から８までのうちのいずれか一つに記載のカバー材料。
JP50471197A 1995-06-30 1996-06-27 手で塑性変形可能なカバー材料 Expired - Fee Related JP3813632B2 (ja)

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PCT/DE1996/001189 WO1997002394A1 (de) 1995-06-30 1996-06-27 Plastisch von hand verformbares abdeckmaterial

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