JP2023537635A - 全固体電池用の負極集電体及びそれを含む全固体電池用の負極 - Google Patents
全固体電池用の負極集電体及びそれを含む全固体電池用の負極 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2023537635A JP2023537635A JP2023511651A JP2023511651A JP2023537635A JP 2023537635 A JP2023537635 A JP 2023537635A JP 2023511651 A JP2023511651 A JP 2023511651A JP 2023511651 A JP2023511651 A JP 2023511651A JP 2023537635 A JP2023537635 A JP 2023537635A
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Abstract
Description
(1)金属-炭素複合粒子の製造
実施例1
エタノール中に溶解されたAgCNと、NMP中に分散した炭素材料(Super C65)を混合して反応液を準備した。前記反応液において固形分の濃度は21wt%であり、炭素材料100重量部に対してAgの量が33重量部になるようにした。前記反応液を室温で所定の時間静置して炭素材料粒子の表面に銀粒子が成長するようにした。反応が終了した後、前記反応液を濾過して複合粒子粉末を得た。前記反応で投入されたAgCN全量が反応に参与してもう以上粒子成長が進まない場合、反応を終了した。図2は、実施例1で得た複合粒子のSEMイメージである。これを参照すると、ロッド形状の銀粒子と炭素粒子が付着されて複合粒子が形成されたことが確認された。
エタノール中に溶解されたAgCNと、NMP中に分散した炭素材料(Super C65)を混合して反応液を準備した。前記反応液で固形分の濃度は1.1wt%であり、炭素材料100重量部に対してAgの重量比が33%になるようにした。前記反応液を室温で所定の時間静置して炭素材料粒子の表面に銀粒子が成長するようにした。反応が終了した後、前記反応液を濾過して複合粒子粉末を得た。前記反応で投入されたAgCN全量が反応に参与してもう以上粒子成長が進まない場合、反応を終了した。図3は、実施例2で得た複合粒子のSEMイメージである。これを参照すると、銀粒子と炭素材料の粒子が互いに付着されて複合粒子が形成されたことが確認された。
エタノールの中に溶解されたAgCNと、NMP中に分散された炭素材料(Super C65)を混合して反応液を準備した。前記反応液において固形分の濃度は1.0wt%であり、炭素材料100重量部に対してAgの重量比が11%になるようにした。前記反応液を室温で所定の時間静置して炭素材料粒子の表面に銀粒子が成長するようにした。反応が終了した後、前記反応液を濾過して複合粒子粉末を得た。前記反応で投入されたAgCN全量が反応に参与してもう以上粒子成長が進まない場合、反応を終了した。図4は、実施例3から得た複合粒子のSEMイメージである。これを参照すると、銀粒子と炭素材料の粒子が互いに付着されて複合粒子が形成されたことが確認された。
1)実施例1~3
バインダー樹脂であるPVDFをNMPに投入してバインダー溶液を準備した。前記バインダー溶液は、バインダー樹脂の濃度を約6wt%に調節した。なお、NMPに前記実施例1~3から各々得た複合粒子を投入して分散物を得た。前記バインダー溶液と前記分散物を混合してペーストミキサーを用いて混合し、コーティング層形成用のスラリーを製造した。その後、前記製造されたコーティング層形成用のスラリーをニッケル薄膜上にドクターブレードを用いて100μmのギャップで塗布して乾燥し、最終的に10μm厚さのコーティング層を有する負極集電体を得た。前記各実施例でコーティング層の製造時における各成分の含量比は、下記の表2に示した。
バインダー樹脂であるPVDFをNMPに投入してバインダー溶液を準備した。前記バインダー溶液は、バインダー樹脂の濃度を約6wt%に調節した。一方、NMPにSuper C65とAg粉末(粒径約50nm)を投入して分散物を得た。前記バインダー溶液と前記分散物を混合してペーストミキサーを用いて混合し、コーティング層形成用のスラリーを製造した。その後、前記製造されたコーティング層形成用のスラリーをニッケル薄膜上にドクターブレードを用いて100μmのギャップで塗布して乾燥し、最終的に10μm厚さのコーティング層を有する負極集電体を得た。前記各実施例でコーティング層の製造時における各成分の含量比は、下記の表3に示した。
ケッチェンブラック(ライオン・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ株式会社、D50=34nm)と、Li2S-P2S5(D50=0.5μm)を重量比で2:1の分量で混合した後にヘプタンを投入し、その結果物をホモジナイザー(株式会社エスエムテー、UH-50)を用いて3分間混合してコーティング層形成用のスラリーを得た。その後、前記製造されたコーティング層形成用のスラリーをニッケル薄膜上にドクターブレードを用いて100μmのギャップで塗布して乾燥し、最終的に10μm厚さのコーティング層を有する負極集電体を得た。
正極活物質LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2と、固体電解質Li2S-P2S5と、バインダー(NBR)と、導電材(VGCF)とを、重量比で75.5:22.1:1.5:1の割合でアニソール(Anisole)に投入して正極活物質層形成用のスラリー(固形分含量70wt%)を準備した。これをアルミニウム薄膜(約10μmの厚さ)の片面に塗布して60℃で6時間乾燥して正極を準備した。
前記各実施例1~3及び比較例1~3で得た電極組立体を用いて全固体電池を製造し、これらを対象にして最初1回の充放電後の充電容量、放電容量及びこれによる初期効率を測定した。前記充放電は4.25Vまで(0.01Cカットオフ(cut off))0.05CでCC-CVモードで充電し、0.05Cで3Vまで放電した。前記充放電は、65℃の条件下で行われた。なお、EIS分析装置(VMP3,Bio-logic science instruments)を用いて振幅10mV及び走査範囲500kHz~20MHzの条件でACインピーダンスを測定した。その結果を下記の表4に示した。銀の含量が同じ実施例1と比較例1を比較したとき、本願発明による負極集電体を含む電池は電気化学的特性が優秀であることが確認された。また、銀の含量が同じ実施例3と比較例2の場合にも、実施例による電池が充放電効率などの電気化学的特性が優秀であることが確認された。一方、比較例3は、初期効率が遥かに低いことが確認された。
3 金属箔
4 電池内部(電解液などで充填)
21 複合粒子が集まっている状態
22 リチウム金属層
Claims (11)
- 電気伝導性の金属箔及び前記金属箔の表面に金属-炭素複合粒子を含むコーティング層を含み、
前記金属-炭素複合粒子は、金属粒子及び炭素粒子を含み、一つ以上の金属粒子と一つ以上の炭素粒子が相互に付着されており、前記複合粒子の粒径が20μm以下であり、前記複合粒子において炭素100重量部に対して金属の含量が50重量部以下である、全固体電池用の負極集電体。 - 前記金属粒子が、Ni、Cu、Ag、Au、Pt、Al、Zn、Biからなる群より選択された一種以上を含む、請求項1に記載の全固体電池用の負極集電体。
- 前記炭素粒子が、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、ハードカーボン、ソフトカーボン、カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック、チャンネルブラック、ファーネスブラック、ランプブラック、サーマルブラック、カーボンナノチューブ、フラーレン、炭素繊維、及びフッ化カーボンのうち選択された一種以上を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の全固体電池用の負極集電体。
- 請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の負極集電体を含む全固体電池用の負極であって、
前記負極は負極活物質を含まず、
前記負極集電体は、電池の駆動中にリチウムが前記金属箔の表面に電着及び脱離する、全固体電池用の負極。 - 前記リチウムの電着は、前記金属箔とコーティング層との間で形成されることである、請求項4に記載の全固体電池用の負極。
- 前記金属粒子と炭素粒子の付着は、化学的、物理的またはこれらの両方法による、請求項4又は5に記載の全固体電池用の負極。
- 請求項4から6のいずれか一項に記載の負極を含む、全固体電池。
- 金属塩と炭素材料を含む反応液を準備し、前記反応液中で炭素材料の表面で金属粒子が成長するように反応させる段階を含む、複合粒子の製造方法。
- 前記反応液中において溶媒を除いた金属塩及び炭素材料を含む固形分の濃度が30wt%以下である、請求項8に記載の複合粒子の製造方法。
- 前記金属塩が、金属の塩化物、ヨウ化物、シアン化物、臭化物、硫化物、水酸化物、リン化物、及び塩化水和物のうち一種以上である、請求項8又は9に記載の複合粒子の製造方法。
- 前記金属塩が、Ni、Cu、Ag、Au、Pt、Al、Zn、及びBiのうち選択された一種以上の金属の塩化物である、請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載の複合粒子の製造方法。
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