JP2023525312A - 二次電池 - Google Patents
二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2023525312A JP2023525312A JP2022568472A JP2022568472A JP2023525312A JP 2023525312 A JP2023525312 A JP 2023525312A JP 2022568472 A JP2022568472 A JP 2022568472A JP 2022568472 A JP2022568472 A JP 2022568472A JP 2023525312 A JP2023525312 A JP 2023525312A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- negative electrode
- electrode active
- positive electrode
- cobalt oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 44
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
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- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 19
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- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
正極、負極及び前記正極と負極との間に介在された分離膜を備える二次電池であって、
前記正極が、正極集電体と、前記正極集電体の上に位置する正極活物質及びバインダーを含む正極活物質層と、を備え、
前記正極活物質が、リチウムコバルト酸化物を含み、
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物は、平均粒径が相異なる二種を含むバイモーダル形態の平均粒径分布を有し、
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物は、Alドーピングを含み、Zrで表面コーティングされており、
前記負極が、負極集電体と、前記負極集電体の上に位置する負極活物質及びバインダーを含む負極活物質層と、を備え、
前記負極活物質が表面に炭素コーティング層を備えない人造黒鉛である第1負極活物質と、表面に炭素コーティング層を備える人造黒鉛である第2負極活物質と、含むことを特徴とする二次電池が提供される。
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物が、11μm~30μmの平均粒径を有する大粒子と、1μm~10μmの平均粒径を有する小粒子と、を含み得る。
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物にドープされたAlの含量が、1,000~10,000ppmであり得る。
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物の表面にコーティングされたZrの含量が1~5,000ppmであり得る。
前記第1負極活物質と第2負極活物質の重量比が、1:99~99:1であり得る。
前記負極活物質層が、前記第1負極活物質及び第2負極活物質を含む単一層であり得る。
前記負極活物質層が、前記第1負極活物質を含む下層領域と、前記下層領域の上に位置し、前記第2負極活物質を含む上層とを含む二重層であり得る。
前記炭素コーティング層を備える人造黒鉛の全体重量を基準にして前記炭素コーティング層の含量が0.5重量%~10.0重量%であり得る。
正極、負極及び前記正極と負極との間に介在された分離膜を備える二次電池であって、
前記正極が、正極集電体と、前記正極集電体の上に位置する正極活物質及びバインダーを含む正極活物質層と、を備え、
前記正極活物質が、リチウムコバルト酸化物を含み、
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物は、平均粒径が相異なる二種を含むバイモーダル形態の平均粒径分布を有し、
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物は、5,000ppm以上のAlドーピングを含み、Zrで表面コーティングされており、
前記負極が、負極集電体と、前記負極集電体の上に位置する負極活物質及びバインダーを含む負極活物質層と、を備え、
前記負極活物質が表面に炭素コーティング層を備えない人造黒鉛である第1負極活物質と、表面に炭素コーティング層を備える人造黒鉛である第2負極活物質と、含むことを特徴とする二次電池が提供される。
第1負極活物質、第1バインダー高分子及び第1分散媒を含む下層用スラリーと、第2負極活物質、第2バインダー高分子及び第2分散媒を含む上層用スラリーと、を準備する段階と、
負極集電体の一面に前記下層用スラリーをコーティングし、前記下層用スラリーの上に前記上層用スラリーをコーティングする段階と、
前記コーティングされた下層用スラリー及び上層用スラリーを同時に乾燥して活物質層を形成する段階と、を含み得る。
LiaAlbZrcCo1-(b+c)O2
前記化学式1において、M及びMeは、Al、Ti、Mg、Zr、Ba、Ca、Ta、Nb及びMoからなる群より選択される少なくとも一つ以上であり、
0.95≦a≦1.05;
0<b≦0.2;
0≦c≦0.2である。
(a)リチウム前駆体、コバルト酸化物と、Alを含むドーピング前駆体を混合した後、一次焼成して球状のリチウムコバルト酸化物を製造する段階と、
(b)過程(a)のリチウムコバルト酸化物と、Zrを含む化合物を混合した後、二次焼成する過程と、を含み得る。
<負極の製造>
人造黒鉛一次粒子が粗粒化して形成された二次粒子の形態であり、炭素コーティング層を備えない人造黒鉛である第1負極活物質と、人造黒鉛一次粒子が粗粒化して形成された二次粒子の上に配置された炭素コーティング層を含む人造黒鉛である第2負極活物質と、を準備した。この際、前記一次粒子のD50は10μmであり、前記一次粒子が粗粒化して凝集した二次粒子形態の人造黒鉛である第1負極活物質の平均粒径D50は、20μmであった。第2負極活物質において二次粒子上の炭素コーティング層は、前記第2負極活物質の全体重量を基準にして4.0重量%で含まれた。この際、第2負極活物質の平均粒径D50は、21μmであった。
正極活物質として16μmの平均粒径D50を有する大粒子及び8μmの平均粒径D50を有する小粒子を含むバイモーダル形態の平均粒径分布を有し、5,000ppmのAlドーピングを含み、700ppmのZrで表面コーティングされているリチウムコバルト酸化物を準備した。この際、大粒子と小粒子の重量比は80:20であった。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)と、プロピレンカーボネート(PC)と、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)と、を3:3:4(体積比)の組成で混合した有機溶媒に、LiPF6を1.0Mの濃度になるように溶解して非水系電解液を製造した。
人造黒鉛一次粒子が粗粒化されて形成された二次粒子の形態であり、炭素コーティング層を備えない人造黒鉛である第1負極活物質と、導電材としてSuper C65と、バインダー高分子としてスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)と、増粘剤であるカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)と、を各々96:1:2:1の重量比で混合し、水を添加してスラリーを製造したことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法で負極、正極及び二次電池を製造した。
正極活物質として、Alドーピングを含まず、Zrで表面コーティングされていないリチウムコバルト酸化物を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法で負極、正極及び二次電池を製造した。
<負極の製造>
前記実施例1で使用した第1負極活物質と、導電材としてSuper C65と、第1バインダー高分子としてスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)と、増粘剤であるカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)と、を各々95:1:1:3の重量比で混合し、水を添加して下層用スラリーを製造した。
正極活物質としてAlドーピングを含まず、Zrで表面コーティングされていないリチウムコバルト酸化物を使用したことを除いては、実施例2と同様の方法で、負極、正極及び二次電池を製造した。
下層用スラリー及び上層用スラリーに両方とも実施例1の第1負極活物質(炭素人造黒鉛一次粒子が粗粒化されて形成された二次粒子形態であり、炭素コーティング層を備えない人造黒鉛)を使用したことを除いては、実施例2と同様の方法で負極、正極及び二次電池を製造した。
実験例1:電池の寿命性能評価
実施例1及び比較例1、2のリチウム二次電池に対し、電気化学充放電器を用いて初期(1回)充放電を行った。この際、充電は4.47Vの電圧まで1.5Cレート(rate)の電流密度で電流を加えて行われ、放電は同じ電流密度で3.0Vまで行われた。このような充放電を総1,000回実施した。
LiaAlbZrcCo1-(b+c)O2
前記化学式1において、
0.95≦a≦1.05;
0<b≦0.2;
0≦c≦0.2である。
Claims (8)
- 正極、負極及び前記正極と負極との間に介在された分離膜を備える二次電池であって、
前記正極が、正極集電体と、前記正極集電体の上に位置する正極活物質及びバインダーを含む正極活物質層と、を備え、
前記正極活物質が、リチウムコバルト酸化物を含み、
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物は、平均粒径が相異なる二種を含むバイモーダル形態の平均粒径分布を有し、
前記リチウムコバルト酸化物は、Alドーピングを含み、Zrで表面コーティングされており、
前記負極が、負極集電体と、前記負極集電体の上に位置する負極活物質及びバインダーを含む負極活物質層と、を備え、
前記負極活物質が表面に炭素コーティング層を備えない人造黒鉛である第1負極活物質と、表面に炭素コーティング層を備える人造黒鉛である第2負極活物質と、含むことを特徴とする、二次電池。 - 前記リチウムコバルト酸化物が、11μm~30μmの平均粒径を有する大粒子と、1μm~10μmの平均粒径を有する小粒子と、を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の二次電池。
- 前記リチウムコバルト酸化物にドープされたAlの含量が、1,000~10,000ppmであることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の二次電池。
- 前記リチウムコバルト酸化物の表面にコーティングされたZrの含量が1~5,000ppmであることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記第1負極活物質と第2負極活物質の重量比が、1:99~99:1であることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記負極活物質層が、前記第1負極活物質及び第2負極活物質を含む単一層であることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記負極活物質層が、前記第1負極活物質を含む下層領域と、前記下層領域の上に位置し、前記第2負極活物質を含む上層とを含む二重層であることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池。
- 前記炭素コーティング層を備える人造黒鉛の全体重量を基準にして前記炭素コーティング層の含量が0.5重量%~10.0重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池。
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PCT/KR2021/020089 WO2022145997A1 (ko) | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | 이차전지 |
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JPWO2016129629A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-12 | 2017-11-24 | マクセルホールディングス株式会社 | 非水二次電池 |
KR102095930B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-28 | 2020-04-03 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 도핑 원소를 가진 고전압용 리튬 코발트 산화물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 제조하는 방법 |
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JP2014523840A (ja) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-09-18 | ユミコア | コア材料の元素と1種類以上の金属酸化物との混合物でコーティングされたリチウム金属酸化物粒子 |
JP2018523912A (ja) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-08-23 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | リチウム二次電池用負極活物質及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池用負極 |
JP2018113167A (ja) * | 2017-01-12 | 2018-07-19 | マクセルホールディングス株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
KR20200073801A (ko) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 음극 및 상기 음극을 포함하는 이차 전지 |
CN111900359A (zh) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-06 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种高电压钴酸锂正极活性物质及其制备方法和用途 |
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