JP2023029893A - Co2、coおよび他の化学化合物の電気化学反応のための先進的構造を有するリアクタ - Google Patents
Co2、coおよび他の化学化合物の電気化学反応のための先進的構造を有するリアクタ Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
政府は、Opus 12,Incorporatedと、契約番号DE-AC02-05CH11231の下で米国エネルギー省のためにErnest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratoryを運営しているThe Regents of the University of Californiaとの間のユーザ合意書FP00003032に従い、本発明における権利を有する。
本出願は、引用により全体が本明細書に援用される2016年5月3日出願の米国仮出願第62/331,387号の利益を主張するものである。
本発明のさらに別の実施形態では、COx還元リアクタを操作する方法が提供される。この方法は、反応生成物の生成をもたらす。このプロセスは、電気化学リアクタを提供するステップであって、電気化学リアクタが、膜電極アセンブリを含む少なくとも1の電気化学セルと、カソード極板、少なくとも1のカソードガス拡散層、少なくとも1の入口および少なくとも1の出口を含み、カソードに隣接するカソード支持構造と、アノード極板、少なくとも1のアノードガス拡散層、少なくとも1の入口および少なくとも1の出口を含み、アノードに隣接するアノードセル支持構造とを備える、ステップと;カソード極板およびアノード極板に直流電圧を印加するステップと;1または複数の酸化反応物をアノードに供給し、酸化反応を起こさせるステップと;1または複数の還元反応物をカソードに供給し、還元反応を起こさせるステップと;アノードから酸化反応生成物を回収するステップと;カソードから還元反応生成物を回収するステップとを含むことができる。
水素および酸素を生成する水電解に使用される従来の膜電極アセンブリ(MEA)100を図1に示す。MEA100は、イオン伝導性ポリマー層160によって分離されたカソード120およびアノード140を備え、イオン伝導性ポリマー層が、イオンがカソード120とアノード140との間を移動するための経路を与えている。カソード120とアノード140はそれぞれ、イオン伝導性ポリマー、触媒粒子および電子伝導性触媒担体を含む。カソード120、アノード140およびイオン伝導性ポリマー層160中のイオン伝導性ポリマーは、すべてがカチオン伝導体であるか、またはすべてがアニオン伝導体である。
図6は、本発明の一実施形態に係るCOx還元リアクタ(CRR)605の主要な構成要素を示す概略図である。
2H2O---4H++4e-+O2
Claims (8)
- 膜電極アセンブリであって、
・還元触媒および第1のアニオン伝導性ポリマーを含むカソード層と、
・酸化触媒および第1のカチオン伝導性ポリマーを含むアノード層と、
・前記カソード層と前記アノードとの間に配置された膜層であって、前記カソード層と前記アノードとを導電的に接続する膜層と、
・第2のカチオン伝導性ポリマーを含むアノード緩衝層であって、前記アノード層と膜層との間に配置され、前記アノード層と前記膜層とを導電的に接続するアノード緩衝層とを備えることを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 - 請求項1に記載の膜電極アセンブリにおいて、
前記膜層が第2のアニオン伝導性ポリマーを備えることを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 - 請求項1に記載の膜電極アセンブリにおいて、
前記膜層が第3のカチオン伝導性ポリマーを備えることを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 - 請求項1に記載の膜電極アセンブリにおいて、
前記膜層が約0.01~95体積%の気孔率を有することを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 - 請求項2に記載の膜電極アセンブリにおいて、
前記第2のアニオン伝導性ポリマーは、Sustainion、FumaSep FAA-3およびTokuyamaアニオン交換ポリマーからなる群のなかから選択されることを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 - 請求項2に記載の膜電極アセンブリにおいて、
第3のアニオン伝導性ポリマーを備えるカソード緩衝層をさらに備え、前記カソード緩衝層が、前記カソード層と前記膜層との間に配置され、前記カソード層と前記膜層とを導電的に接続することを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 - 請求項6に記載の膜電極アセンブリにおいて、
前記カソード緩衝層は、約0.01~95体積%の気孔率を有することを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。 - 請求項6に記載の膜電極アセンブリにおいて、
前記アノード緩衝層は、約0.01~95体積%の第2の気孔率を有することを特徴とする膜電極アセンブリ。
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