JP2022169613A - 酸化スズ上に担持された貴金属酸化物を含む電極触媒組成物 - Google Patents
酸化スズ上に担持された貴金属酸化物を含む電極触媒組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022169613A JP2022169613A JP2022126438A JP2022126438A JP2022169613A JP 2022169613 A JP2022169613 A JP 2022169613A JP 2022126438 A JP2022126438 A JP 2022126438A JP 2022126438 A JP2022126438 A JP 2022126438A JP 2022169613 A JP2022169613 A JP 2022169613A
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- tin oxide
- iridium
- noble metal
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- ruthenium
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010411 electrocatalyst Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical group O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- CRBDXVOOZKQRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru].[Ir]=O Chemical compound [Ru].[Ir]=O CRBDXVOOZKQRFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 27
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021639 Iridium tetrachloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical class [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical class [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910011131 Li2B4O7 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000710013 Lily symptomless virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JPCWAQIYCADHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(O)O.[Ru] Chemical compound O(O)O.[Ru] JPCWAQIYCADHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYXYGUOKJLMCTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOO.[Ir] Chemical compound OOO.[Ir] IYXYGUOKJLMCTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+) Chemical compound [Ir+3] MILUBEOXRNEUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSTASKGZCMXIET-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(iv) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ir+4] NSTASKGZCMXIET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4] SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinitrooxystannyl nitrate Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YQMWDQQWGKVOSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001075 voltammogram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/62—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/622—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead
- B01J23/626—Platinum group metals with gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin or lead with germanium, tin or lead with tin
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- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
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- B01J23/64—Platinum group metals with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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Abstract
Description
組成物が、
- 10wt%から38wt%の合計量でイリジウムおよびルテニウムを含有し、全てのイリジウムおよびルテニウムが酸化されており、
- 5から95m2/gのBET表面積を有し、
- 25℃で少なくとも7S/cmの電気伝導率を有する、
触媒組成物により解決される。
- 水性媒体中に酸化スズ粒子を分散し、貴金属含有前駆体化合物を溶解する工程であって、貴金属がイリジウムもしくはルテニウムまたはそれらの混合物である、工程、
- 水性媒体のpHを5~10に調整し、任意に水性媒体を50℃から95℃の温度に加熱し、それによって貴金属種を酸化スズ粒子上に堆積させる工程、
- Ir化合物で被覆されている酸化スズ粒子を水性媒体から分離し、酸化スズ粒子を300℃から800℃の温度で熱処理にかけ、それによって貴金属酸化物層を酸化スズ粒子上に形成する工程
を含む方法に関する。
- スズ含有分子前駆体化合物および金属ドーパント含有分子前駆体化合物を含む反応混合物から、湿式化学合成により金属ドープ前駆体固体を製造し、
- 金属ドープ前駆体固体を熱処理にかける
方法により製造することができる。
BET表面積は、77.35Kで、N2吸着物質を用い、Micromeritics ASAP 2420 Surface Area and Porosity Analyzerを使用したガス吸着分析により決定した。測定の前に、試料を一晩真空中で、200℃で乾燥した。比表面積を、マルチポイント法(ISO9227:2010)を使用したBET理論により決定した。
電気伝導率を測定するために、酸化物粉末をペレットに圧縮し、伝導率を二点探針法により25℃で決定した。初めに、1gの粉末試料を、測定セルのステンレス鋼下部(電極)を持つテフロン(登録商標)チューブに挿入した。充填が完了した後、第2のステンレス鋼電極を上部に挿入し、充填試験セルを圧力計の間に挿入する。圧力を40MPaまで増加させ、抵抗を前記圧力でAgilent 3458Aマルチメータで二点法によって測定する。測定した抵抗R(オーム)から、電気伝導率を
伝導率=d/(RA)
d:2電極の距離
R:測定した抵抗
A:電極面積(0.5cm2)
に従って計算する。
イリジウム、ルテニウム、金属ドーパントおよびスズの量を、元素分析により以下の方法に従って決定する。0.04から0.5gの試料を、84%Li2B4O7、1%LiBrおよび15%NaNO3の10gの混合物と混合する。Claisse Fluxer M4を使用して、混合ペレットを形成する。室温まで冷却後、波長分散型蛍光X線を使用して元素組成を決定する。
イリジウム、ルテニウムおよび任意の金属ドーパント(Sbなど)の酸化状態を、X線光電子分光法(XPS)により決定する。酸化状態+IVにおけるイリジウムおよびルテニウムの相対量、ならびにSb(+V)対Sb(+III)の原子比も、XPSにより決定する。
酸化スズ粒子を少なくとも部分的に被覆している酸化イリジウムまたは酸化イリジウム-ルテニウム層の存在を、エネルギー分散型X線分光法と組み合わせた走査型透過電子顕微鏡法(「EDXSマッピング」)により確認した。
発明例1において、触媒組成物を以下のように製造した。
発明例2において、触媒組成物を以下のように製造した。
発明例3において、触媒組成物を以下のように製造した。
発明例4において、触媒組成物を以下のように製造した。
発明例5において、触媒組成物を以下のように製造した。
発明例1から5の触媒組成物を、高腐食性条件下でそれらの電気化学的性能および腐食安定性について試験した。
非担持金属イリジウム黒色粉末、BET表面積:60m2/g。
非担持酸化イリジウム(IV)粉末、BET表面積:25m2/g。
Claims (15)
- 酸化スズ粒子を含む触媒組成物であって、前記酸化スズが少なくとも1種の金属ドーパントで任意にドープされており、前記酸化スズ粒子が貴金属酸化物層により少なくとも部分的に被覆されており、前記貴金属酸化物が酸化イリジウムまたは酸化イリジウム-ルテニウムであり、
前記組成物が、
10wt%から38wt%の合計量でイリジウムおよびルテニウムを含有し、全てのイリジウムおよびルテニウムが酸化されており、
5から95m2/gのBET表面積を有し、
25℃で少なくとも7S/cmの電気伝導率を有する、
触媒組成物。 - 前記酸化スズがノンドープの酸化スズであるか、あるいは前記酸化スズが、Sb、Nb、Ta、Bi、WもしくはIn、またはこれらのドーパントのうち少なくとも2種の任意の組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1種の金属ドーパントでドープされており、前記1種または複数の金属ドーパントが好ましくは、スズおよび金属ドーパント原子の合計量に対して、2.5at%から20at%、より好ましくは2.5at%から10.0at%の量で前記酸化スズ中に存在する、請求項1に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記触媒組成物中のイリジウムおよびルテニウムの合計量が15から35wt%、より好ましくは20から28wt%である、請求項1または2に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記触媒組成物中に存在する全てのイリジウムおよびルテニウムが、酸化状態+IIIおよび/または+IVである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物。
- 5m2/gから90m2/g、より好ましくは10m2/gから80m2/gのBET表面積を有する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物。
- 少なくとも10S/cm、より好ましくは少なくとも12S/cmの電気伝導率を有する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記酸化スズがノンドープの酸化スズであり、前記組成物中のイリジウムの量が15から35wt%、より好ましくは20から28wt%の範囲内であり、残りが前記酸化スズ粒子および前記酸化イリジウム層の酸素であり、前記組成物のBET表面積が5m2/gから35m2/gであり、前記組成物の電気伝導率が10から50S/cm、より好ましくは12から40S/cmである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物。
- 前記酸化スズが2.5at%から20at%、より好ましくは2.5at%から10.0at%の量のアンチモンでドープされ、前記組成物中のイリジウムの量が15から35wt%、より好ましくは20から28wt%の範囲内であり、残りが前記酸化スズ粒子および前記酸化イリジウム層の酸素であり、前記組成物のBET表面積が15m2/gから90m2/g、より好ましくは30m2/gから80m2/gであり、前記組成物の電気伝導率が10から50S/cm、より好ましくは12から40S/cmである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物を製造する方法であって、
水性媒体中に酸化スズ粒子を分散し、貴金属含有前駆体化合物を溶解する工程であって、前記貴金属がイリジウムもしくはルテニウムまたはそれらの混合物である、工程、
前記水性媒体のpHを5~10に調整し、任意に前記水性媒体を50℃から95℃の温度に加熱し、それによって貴金属種を前記酸化スズ粒子上に堆積させる工程、
前記酸化スズ粒子を前記水性媒体から分離し、前記酸化スズ粒子を300℃から800℃の温度で熱処理にかけ、それによって貴金属酸化物層を前記酸化スズ粒子上に形成する工程
を含む方法。 - 前記水性媒体中に分散した前記酸化スズ粒子が、10から100m2/gのBET表面積を有する、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記貴金属含有前駆体化合物が、貴金属塩または貴金属含有酸である、請求項9または10に記載の方法。
- 前記熱処理が500℃から700℃の温度で行われる、請求項9から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物を含む電気化学デバイス。
- 水電解槽または燃料電池である、請求項13に記載のデバイス。
- 酸素発生反応用触媒として、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒組成物を使用する方法。
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US20190379058A1 (en) | 2019-12-12 |
JP2020500692A (ja) | 2020-01-16 |
CA3041625A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
KR102569084B1 (ko) | 2023-08-22 |
WO2018077857A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
KR20190077432A (ko) | 2019-07-03 |
CN109906287A (zh) | 2019-06-18 |
US11177483B2 (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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CN109906287B (zh) | 2022-06-21 |
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