JP2021531228A - 硫化鉄の製造方法、これより製造された硫化鉄を含むリチウム二次電池用正極及びこれを備えたリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
硫化鉄の製造方法、これより製造された硫化鉄を含むリチウム二次電池用正極及びこれを備えたリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021531228A JP2021531228A JP2021500722A JP2021500722A JP2021531228A JP 2021531228 A JP2021531228 A JP 2021531228A JP 2021500722 A JP2021500722 A JP 2021500722A JP 2021500722 A JP2021500722 A JP 2021500722A JP 2021531228 A JP2021531228 A JP 2021531228A
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- positive electrode
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- iron sulfide
- fes
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Abstract
Description
本発明による硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法は、(1)鉄前駆体と硫黄前駆体を混合して混合物を形成する段階、及び(2)前記混合物を非活性気体の雰囲気で熱処理する段階を含む。
本発明は、活物質、導電材及びバインダーを含むリチウム二次電池用正極であって、前記正極は以上の製造方法を通じて製造された硫化鉄(FeS2)を含むリチウム二次電池用正極を提供する。
一方、本発明は、前記リチウム二次電池用正極、負極、前記正極と負極の間に介在された分離膜及び電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を提供する。
また、前記負極はリチウム金属の薄膜であってもよい。
鉄前駆体で硝酸鉄水和物(Fe(NO3)3・9H2O)(Sigma‐Aldrich社)1.9gと硫黄前駆体でチオ尿素(Thiourea、CH4N2S)(Sigma‐Aldrich社)3.6gを混合した(Fe:S=1:10モル比)。
鉄前駆体で硝酸鉄水和物(Fe(NO3)3・9H2O)の代わりに水酸化鉄(γ‐FeOOH)0.42gを使用したことを除いては、前記製造例1と同様に行って板状の粒子を有する硫化鉄(FeS2)を製造した。
鉄(Fe)と硫黄(S)のモル比を1:4にしたことを除いては、前記製造例1と同様にして実施した。
硫黄前駆体でチオ尿素(Thiourea、CH4N2S)の代わりにチオ硫酸アンモニウム(Ammonium Thiosulfate、(NH4)2S2O3)1.4gを使用したことを除いては、前記製造例1と同様にして実施した。
硫黄前駆体でチオ尿素(Thiourea、CH4N2S)の代わりに硫黄(S)1.5gを使用したことを除いては、前記製造例1と同様にして実施した。
前記製造例1及び2で製造された硫化鉄(FeS2)に対してSEM分析(Hitachi社のS‐4800 FE‐SEM)を行い、その結果を図1及び2に示す。それぞれ製造例1は図1、製造例2は図2に示す。
前記製造例1及び2で製造された硫化鉄(FeS2)に対してXRD分析(Bruker社のD4 Endeavor)を行った。図3は製造例1で製造された硫化鉄(FeS2)に対するXRD分析結果を示すグラフで、図4は製造例2で製造された硫化鉄(FeS2)に対するXRD分析結果を示すグラフである。
先ず、溶媒として水に硫化鉄(FeS2)を投入するベース固形分(活物質、導電材及びバインダー)に総重量(100重量部)に対して前記製造例1で製造された5重量部の硫化鉄(FeS2)を投入して溶解した。以後、得られた溶液に対して、ベース固形分総100重量部、すなわち活物質で硫黄‐炭素複合体(S/CNT 75:25の重量比)を90重量部、導電材でデンカブラックを5重量部、バインダーでスチレンブタジエンゴム/カルボキシメチルセルロース(SBR/CMC 7:3)5重量部を投入して混合して正極スラリー組成物を製造した。
前記製造例1で製造された硫化鉄(FeS2)の代わりに前記製造例2で製造された板状粒子を有する硫化鉄(FeS2)を使用したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に行ってリチウム二次電池を製造した(すなわち、電極気孔率は68%)。
前記製造例2で製造された板状粒子を有する硫化鉄(FeS2)を含む電極を圧延し、電極の気孔率(porosity)を68%から62%に変更したことを除いては、前記実施例2と同様に行ってリチウム二次電池を製造した。
硫化鉄(FeS2)を含まずに溶媒として水にベース固形分総100重量部、すなわち活物質で硫黄‐炭素複合体(S/CNT 75:25の重量比)を90重量部、導電材でデンカブラックを5重量部、バインダーでスチレンブタジエンゴム/カルボキシメチルセルロース(SBR/CMC 7:3)5重量部を投入して混合して正極スラリー組成物を製造した。
電極を圧延して電極の気孔率を68%から62%に変更したことを除いては、前記比較例2と同様に行ってリチウム二次電池を製造した。
正極材の種類によるリチウム二次電池の放電容量を実験するために、下記表1に記載したように、前記実施例1ないし3、比較例1及び2で製造されたリチウム二次電池の放電容量を測定した。この時、測定電流は0.1C、電圧範囲1.8ないし2.6Vにし、その結果を図8及び9に図示した。
Claims (15)
- (1)鉄前駆体と硫黄前駆体を混合して混合物を形成する段階;及び
(2)前記混合物を非活性気体の雰囲気で熱処理する段階;を含む硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法。 - 前記鉄前駆体はFe(NO3)3・9H2O、γ‐FeOOH、またはこの組み合わせであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法。
- 前記鉄前駆体はγ‐FeOOHであることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法。
- 前記硫黄前駆体はチオ尿素(Thiourea)であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法。
- 前記段階(1)の混合は、鉄(Fe)と硫黄(S)のモル比が1:8以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法。
- 前記段階(2)の熱処理は400ないし600℃で1ないし3時間非活性気体の大気下で、または非活性気体が持続的に流入される状態で行われ、昇温速度が1分当たり5ないし20℃範囲の間で調節されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法。
- 前記非活性気体は、窒素、アルゴン、ヘリウム及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の硫化鉄(FeS2)の製造方法。
- 活物質、導電材及びバインダーを含むリチウム二次電池用正極であって、
前記正極は硫化鉄(FeS2)を含むリチウム二次電池用正極。 - 前記硫化鉄(FeS2)は板状粒子を含むことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記硫化鉄(FeS2)の含量は、リチウム二次電池用正極に含まれるベース固形分100重量部に対して0.1ないし15重量部であることを特徴とする、請求項8又は9に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記硫化鉄(FeS2)は平均粒径が0.1ないし10μmであることを特徴とする、請求項8〜10のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記硫化鉄(FeS2)は結晶性であることを特徴とする、請求項8〜11のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記活物質は硫黄‐炭素複合体であることを特徴とする、請求項8〜12のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記硫黄‐炭素複合体は、硫黄‐炭素複合体100重量部を基準にして硫黄の含量が60ないし90重量部であることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 請求項8〜14のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極;負極;前記正極と負極の間に介在された分離膜;及び電解質;を含むリチウム二次電池。
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