JP2021523933A - ミトコンドリア脱共役剤として有用なイミダゾピリジン - Google Patents
ミトコンドリア脱共役剤として有用なイミダゾピリジン Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021523933A JP2021523933A JP2021506390A JP2021506390A JP2021523933A JP 2021523933 A JP2021523933 A JP 2021523933A JP 2021506390 A JP2021506390 A JP 2021506390A JP 2021506390 A JP2021506390 A JP 2021506390A JP 2021523933 A JP2021523933 A JP 2021523933A
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- Prior art keywords
- trifluoromethyl
- alkyl
- pyrazine
- phenyl
- amine
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- 230000002438 mitochondrial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azabenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=N1 GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、参照により全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、2018年4月20日に出願された米国仮出願第62/660,880号の優先権を主張する。
R2は、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(架橋C7−C12シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)、−C0−C4アルキル(単環式もしくは二環式ヘテロアリール)、または−C0−C4アルキル(4〜7員ヘテロシクロアルキル)であり、これらの各々は、R11から独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基および0もしくは1つの置換基R12で任意に置換されるか、あるいは
R1とR2が一緒になって、1個の炭素がN、S、またはOによって任意に置き換えられる3〜7員環式環を形成する。
R3は、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)、または−C0−C4アルキル(ヘテロアリール)であり、これらの各々は、1つ以上の独立して選択されるR11置換基で任意に置換される。
「アルキル」は、指定された数の炭素原子、一般に1〜約8個の炭素原子を有する分枝鎖または直鎖の飽和脂肪族炭化水素基である。本明細書で使用されるC1−C6アルキルという用語は、1、2、3、4、5、または6個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基を示す。他の実施形態は、1〜6個の炭素原子、1〜4個の炭素原子、または1もしくは2個の炭素原子、例えば、C1−C8アルキル、C1−C4アルキル、およびC1−C2アルキルを有するアルキル基を含む。アルキルの例としては、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、3−メチルブチル、t−ブチル、n−ペンチル、sec−ペンチル、ヘプチル、およびオクチルが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。「C0−Cnアルキル」は、別の基、例えば、C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)と共に使用して、他方の基、この場合、C3−C7シクロアルキルが、単一共有結合(C0)により置換する基に結合するか、または示された数の炭素原子を有するアルキレンリンカーを通して結合するかのいずれかであることを示す。
X3は、以下の定義を有し得る。
RおよびR1は、以下の定義を有し得る。
R2は、以下の定義を有し得る。
各C0−C4アルキルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子は、O、NR10、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、−S(O)n−、−C(O)NR10−、または−NR10C(O)−によって任意に置き換えられ、ここで、nは、0、1、または2であり、C0−C4アルキル、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルは、1つ以上の置換基R13で任意に置換される。
R12は、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(フェニル)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(フェニル)、−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)から選択され、これらの各々は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ニトロ、シアノ、−CHO、−COOH、オキソ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、C1−C2ハロアルコキシ、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C6アルキルエステル、−C0−C4アルキル(モノもしくはジ−C1−C6アルキルアミノ)、C2−C6アルカノイル、C2−C6アルケニル、およびC2−C6アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基で任意に置換される。
R2は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で置換されるフェニルであるか、または
R2は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1もしくは2つの置換基で任意に置換され、かつ1つのフェニル置換基で置換されるフェニルであり、このフェニル置換基は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で任意に置換される。
R3は、以下の定義のうちのいずれかを有し得る。
C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子は、O、NR10、C(O)O−、−OC(O)、または−S(O)n−によって任意に置き換えられ、ここで、nは、0、1、または2であり、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルは、1つ以上の置換基R13で任意に置換される。
R2は、ナフチルであるか、あるいは
R2は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で置換されるフェニルであるか、あるいは
R2は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1もしくは2つの置換基で任意に置換され、かつ1つのフェニル置換基で置換されるフェニルであり、このフェニル置換基は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で任意に置換される。
X3は、水素、メチル、トリフルオロメチル、ペンタフルオロエチル、フェニル、または3−フルオロフェニルであり、
Yは、NR1であり、R1は、水素またはメチルであり、
Zは、Oであり、
Rは、水素またはメチルであり、
R1は、水素またはC1−C2アルキルであり、
R2は、ナフチルであるか、あるいは
R2は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で置換されるフェニルであるか、あるいは
R2は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1もしくは2つの置換基で任意に置換され、かつ1つのフェニル置換基で置換されるフェニルであり、このフェニル置換基は、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で任意に置換され、
R3は、Hまたはヒドロキシルもしくはトリフルオロメチルで任意に置換されるC1−C6アルキルである。
本開示は、医薬的に許容される賦形剤と共に、本開示の化合物またはその塩を含む医薬組成物を含む。
ミトコンドリアは、細胞の代謝を調節し、肥満症、がん、糖尿病、神経変性、および心臓疾患を含む最も一般的なヒト疾患のいくつかの病因に重要な役割を果たす。本開示の化合物は、これらの疾患および障害、ならびに本明細書に記載される他のもの、ならびにミトコンドリア脱共役剤が有用である他のものの治療および予防に有用である。
以下の出発材料および一般手順は、以下の合成例で使用される。
一般手順A.5−メトキシ化合物の調製
ステップ1.5,6−ジクロロ−3−ニトロピリジン−2−アミン(2−61−a)の合成
13C NMR(126MHz、アセトン−d6)δ 155.18、148.50、145.95(q、J=34.4Hz)、145.08、139.93、138.66(q、J=40.5Hz)、135.43、129.12、128.86、126.69、123.03(q、J=273.0Hz)、121.40(q、J=3.1Hz)、120.78、120.17(q、J=271.4Hz)、118.71、54.46。HRMS(ESI+)m/z C20H14F6N5O+(M+H)+の計算値454.1097、実測値454.1099。オキサゾール類似体
6−ブロモピラジン−2−アミン(5.00g、1.0当量)を乾燥THF(15mL)中に0℃で溶解し、NBS(20g、2.2当量)を添加し、5分間撹拌した。反応物を室温に加温させ、12時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧下で蒸発させ、残渣を酢酸エチルおよびチオ硫酸ナトリウムで抽出した。その後、有機層を水およびブラインで洗浄した。組み合わせた有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。生成物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:ヘキサン)により精製した。
乾燥CH2Cl2(5mL)中3,5,6−トリブロモピラジン−2−アミン(146mg、0.5mmol)、トリエチルアミン(202mg、2mmol)、および触媒量のDMAP(5モル%)の混合物中に、3−フルオロベンゾイルクロリド(176mg、1mmol)を室温で添加した。混合物を室温で一晩撹拌し、減圧下で濃縮した。その後、残渣をMeOH(5mL)中に溶解し、K2CO3(100mg)を添加した。混合物を60℃で1時間撹拌した。その後、混合物を還元し、生成物をシリカクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:ヘキサン)により精製した。
分子内O−アリール化によるピラジン−オキサゾール合成の一般手順:10mLの密封管に、CuI(0.05mmol)、フェナントロリン(0.1mmol)、特定のベンズアミド(0.5mmol)、K3PO4(1.0mmol)、および無水DMF(1mL)を添加した。その後、管を不活性雰囲気なしで密封し、85℃で5時間加熱した。反応混合物を室温に冷却し、10mLの水で希釈し、酢酸エチル(3×20mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機相を水およびブラインで洗浄し、無水Na2SO4で乾燥させ、減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:ヘキサン)により精製した。
モノ/ビスバックワルドアミノ化の一般手順:圧力バイアルに、5,6−ジブロモ−2−(3−フルオロフェニル)オキサゾロ[4,5−b]ピラジン(1当量)、Pd2dba3(10モル%)、キサントホス(10モル%)、2−フルオロアニリン(2.5当量)、およびK2CO3(2.5当量)を装填した。その後、フラスコを真空にし、アルゴンを3回戻し充填した。乾燥脱気1,4−ジオキサン(4mL)を隔膜に通して添加し、混合物を110℃で16時間撹拌した。反応物を室温に冷却し、混合物を酢酸エチルで希釈し、Celiteに通して濾過し、その後、減圧下で濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル:ヘキサン)により精製した。
ステップ1.3,5,6−トリブロモピラジン−2−アミンの合成
一般手順4−E.
無水DMFに水素化ナトリウム(1.2当量、60%分散)を添加し、1分間撹拌させた。この撹拌混合物に、無水DMF(0.1M)中ベンジルアルコール(1.2当量)溶液を少量ずつに分けて添加した。混合物を室温で30分間撹拌し、その後、無水DMF(0.1M)中6−クロロピラジン−2−アミン溶液を添加した。反応物を100℃で16時間撹拌させ、完了時にイソプロパノールで緩徐にクエンチした。その後、反応物を酢酸エチルと水との間に分配した。有機層を水で3回、ブラインで3回洗浄し、その後、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させた。合わせた有機層を減圧下で濃縮し、生成物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製した。
その後のアニリン/ベンジルエーテルピラジンオキサゾール(1.0当量)をHPLCメタノール(4mL)に添加した。丸底を窒素ガスで5分間パージおよび通気した。5分後、10%Pd/Cを窒素正圧下で添加した。その後、混合物を水素バルーン下で、室温で1.5時間撹拌させた。その後、反応物をCeliteプラグに通して濾過し、酢酸エチルで洗浄し、減圧下で濃縮し、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー(メタノール/DCM)により精製して、生成物を感光性の非常に不安定な固体として得た。
ステップ1.5−(ベンジルオキシ)−N−(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(3−フルオロフェニル)オキサゾロ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン(4−2−a)の合成
実施例81.実施例1〜60の出発材料の調製
芳香族求核置換による出発材料化合物の調製のための一般手順
一般手順1−C.5−クロロ−6−アルコキシ−[1,2,5]オキサジアゾロ[3,4−b]ピラジンを取り込み、無水THF(0.1M〜0.2M)中に溶解し、アルゴン雰囲気下で密封管に添加した。対応するアニリン(2.2当量)を添加し、反応物を65℃で16時間撹拌した。その後、溶媒を減圧下で除去し、EtOAc/ヘキサンの溶媒系を用いたSiO2上でのクロマトグラフィーにより精製して、所望の生成物、5−アミノ−6−アルコキシ−[1,2,5]オキサジアゾロ[3,4−b]ピラジンを得た。スキーム3は、一般手順1−Cを説明する。
ステップ1.5−クロロ−6−イソプロポキシ−[1,2,5]オキサジアゾロ[3,4−b]ピラジン(1−183中間体))の合成
合成した化合物の生物学的活性を、酸素消費速度(OCR)の増加を決定することにより決定する。
3ヶ月齢の雄C57BL/6Jマウスを、28日間の標準飼料食餌(Chow、n=5)または西洋型食餌(WD、n=10)のいずれかに割り当てた。28日後、WD群の半分を、約40mg/kg/日の1−112の消費をもたらす濃度(2−21 40mpk)で化合物2−21を含むWDに切り替えた。体重(A)、脂肪量(EchoMRI(B)により測定)、および食物摂取量(C、最後の14日間)を示されるように記録した。2−21を含むWDを受けたマウスの体重および脂肪量が食物摂取量の有意な変化なしに減少した。
本開示のある特定の化合物は、このアッセイで測定され得るROS産生も減少させる。L6筋芽細胞を、L6成長培地中の底が透明な黒色壁付の96ウェルマイクロプレートに播種し、コンフルエンスに成長させる。その後、細胞をPBSで2回洗浄し、7.5μMのCM−H2DCFDAおよび25mMのD−グルコースを補充したKRP緩衝液(136mMのNaCl、4.7mMのKCl、10mMのNaPO4、0.9mMのMgSO4、0.9mMのCaCl2、pH7.4)中0.5ng/μLの各ヒット化合物またはビヒクル対照(DMSO)と5%CO2/95%空気中で、37℃で1時間共インキュベートする。100nMのH2O2をROS産生の陽性対照として使用する。インキュベーション後、細胞をPBSで3回洗浄して過剰なプローブを除去する。その後、細胞を100μL/ウェルのPBSで被覆し、蛍光強度を、上位読み取り設定を使用し、かつ励起フィルターおよび発光フィルターを、それぞれ、495±9nmおよび530±20nmに設定したTecan Infinite(登録商標)M200 マイクロプレートリーダー(Tecan Group Ltd.,Switzerland)により測定する。蛍光データをMagellan(バージョン6.4)ソフトウェアに記録し、その後の分析のためにMicrosoft Excelにエクスポートする。バックグラウンド蛍光(CM−H2DCFDAプローブを受けないウェルから放出されたもの)を各ウェルから差し引いた後、ROS産生を1条件毎のビヒクル対照の蛍光パーセンテージで表す。ROSレベルを20%超増加させる化合物を排除する。
Claims (32)
- 式I−Aまたは式I−Bの化合物、
X1およびX2が、CまたはNであり、X1およびX2の少なくとも一方がNであり、
X3が、H、C1−C4アルキル、C1−C2ハロアルキル、フェニル、またはハロゲン置換フェニルであり、
Yが、OまたはNRであり、
Y1が、OまたはNR1であり、
Zが、OまたはSであり、
Rが、Hまたはメチルであり、
R1が、水素またはC1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、もしくはC2−C8アルキニルであり、
R2が、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルであるか、あるいは
R2が、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(架橋C7−C12シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)、−C0−C4アルキル(単環式もしくは二環式ヘテロアリール)、または−C0−C4アルキル(4〜7員ヘテロシクロアルキル)であり、これらの各々が、R11から独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基および0もしくは1つの置換基R12で任意に置換されるか、あるいは
R1とR2が一緒になって、1個の炭素がN、S、またはOによって任意に置き換えられる3〜7員環式環を形成し、
R3が、HまたはC1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、もしくはC2−C8アルキニルであるか、あるいは
R3が、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)、または−C0−C4アルキル(ヘテロアリール)であり、これらが各々、1つ以上の独立して選択されるR11置換基で任意に置換され、
ここで、R1、R2、およびR3の定義における各C0−C4アルキル、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、−S(O)n−、−S(O)nNR10、−NR10S(O)n−、−NR10C(O)NR10、−C(O)NR10−、または−NR10C(O)−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、前記C0−C4アルキル、前記C1−C8アルキル、前記C2−C8アルケニル、または前記C2−C8アルキニルが、1つ以上の置換基R13で任意に置換され、
R10が、各々、独立して、水素、C1−C6アルキル、および−C0−C2アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)から選択され、
R11が、各々、独立して、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ニトロ、シアノ、−CHO、−COOH、オキソ、ハロスルファニル、およびC1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、およびC2−C8アルキニルから選択され、R11の定義におけるC1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、およびC2−C8アルキニルの各々において、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、−S(O)n−、−C(O)NR10−、または−NR10C(O)−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、各C0−C4アルキル、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルが、1つ以上の置換基R13で任意に置換され、
R12が、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)、−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)、−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロシクロアルキル)、および−O−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロシクロアルキル)から選択され、これらの各々が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ニトロ、シアノ、−CHO、−COOH、オキソ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、C1−C2ハロアルコキシ、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C6アルキルエステル、−C0−C4アルキル(モノもしくはジ−C1−C6アルキルアミノ)、C2−C6アルカノイル、C2−C6アルケニル、およびC2−C6アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基で任意に置換され、
R13が、各々、独立して、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ニトロ、シアノ、−CHO、−COOH、オキソ、C3−C7シクロアルキル、およびフェニルから選択される、
化合物またはその医薬的に許容される塩。 - YがN−Rである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- ZがOであり、X1およびX2が両方とも窒素である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- ZがOであり、X1およびX2の一方が窒素であり、他方が炭素である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- X3が、水素、メチル、トリフルオロメチル、ペンタフルオロエチル、フェニル、またはフルオロ置換フェニルである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- X3がトリフルオロメチルである、請求項7に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- Rが水素である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- Y1がNR1であり、R1が水素または非置換C1−C6アルキルである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- R1が水素である、請求項10に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- R2が、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(架橋C7−C12シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)、−C0−C4アルキル(単環式もしくは二環式ヘテロアリール)、または−C0−C4アルキル(4〜7員ヘテロシクロアルキル)であり、これらの各々が、R11から独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基および0もしくは1つの置換基R12で任意に置換され、
各C0−C4アルキルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、−S(O)n−、−C(O)NR10−、または−NR10C(O)−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、ここでC0−C4アルキル、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルが、1つ以上の置換基R13で任意に置換される、
請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - R2が、−C0−C4アルキル(架橋C7−C12シクロアルキル)または−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)であり、これらの各々が、R11から独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基および0もしくは1つの置換基R12で任意に置換され、
C0−C4アルキルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、−S(O)n−、−C(O)NR10−、または−NR10C(O)−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、前記C0−C4アルキルが、R13によって任意に置換される、
請求項12に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - R2が、−C0−C4アルキル(フェニル)、ナフチル、またはフルオレニルであり、これらの各々が、R11から独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基および0もしくは1つの置換基R12で任意に置換され、
C0−C4アルキルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、−S(O)n−、−C(O)NR10−、または−NR10C(O)−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、前記C0−C4アルキルが、R13によって任意に置換される、
請求項13に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - R2が、R11から独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基によって任意に置換されるフェニルである、請求項13に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- R2が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ニトロ、シアノ、オキソ、ハロスルファニル、ならびにC1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、およびC2−C8アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基によって任意に置換されるフェニルであり、各C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、およびC2−C8アルキニルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、または−S(O)n−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、ここで各C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルが、1つ以上の置換基R13で任意に置換される、請求項12に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- R2が、R11から独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基および0もしくは1つの置換基R12で任意に置換される−C0−C4アルキル(フェニル)であり、
C0−C4アルキルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−OC(O)、−S(O)n−、−C(O)NR10−、または−NR10C(O)−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、ここで前記C0−C4アルキルが、R13によって任意に置換され、
R12が、−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)、−C0−C4アルキル(フェニル)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(フェニル)、−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)、−O−C0−C4アルキル(5〜6員ヘテロアリール)から選択され、これらの各々が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、ニトロ、シアノ、−CHO、−COOH、オキソ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、C1−C2ハロアルコキシ、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C6アルキルエステル、−C0−C4アルキル(モノもしくはジ−C1−C6アルキルアミノ)、C2−C6アルカノイル、C2−C6アルケニル、およびC2−C6アルキニルから独立して選択される1つ以上の置換基で任意に置換される、
請求項12に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - Y1が、NR1であり、R1が、水素またはメチルであり、
R2が、ナフチルであるか、あるいは
R2が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で置換されるフェニルであるか、あるいは
R2が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1もしくは2つの置換基で任意に置換され、かつ1つのフェニル置換基で置換されるフェニルであり、このフェニル置換基が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で任意に置換される、
請求項1に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - YがNR1である、化合物またはその塩。
- R3が水素である、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- R3が、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルであり、
R3のC1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルにおいて、1つ以上の炭素原子が、O、NR10、C(O)O−、−OC(O)、または−S(O)n−によって任意に置き換えられ、nが、0、1、または2であり、ここで該C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、またはC2−C8アルキニルが、1つ以上の置換基R13で任意に置換される、
請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - R3が、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、トリフルオロメチル、またはトリフルオロメトキシで任意に置換されるC1−C6アルキルである、請求項20に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- R3が、1つ以上の独立して選択されるR11置換基で任意に置換される−C0−C4アルキル(C3−C7シクロアルキル)または−C0−C4アルキル(アリール)である、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩。
- X1およびX2が両方ともNであり、
X3が、メチル、トリフルオロメチル、フェニル、または3−フルオロフェニルであり、
Yが、NR1であり、R1が、水素またはメチルであり、
Zが、Oであり、
Rが、水素またはメチルであり、
R1が、水素またはC1−C2アルキルであり、
R2が、ナフチルであるか、あるいは
R2が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で置換されるフェニルであるか、あるいは
R2が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1もしくは2つの置換基で任意に置換され、かつ1つのフェニル置換基で置換されるフェニルであり、このフェニル置換基が、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシル、C1−C6アルキル、C1−C6アルコキシ、C1−C2ハロアルキル、およびC1−C2ハロアルコキシから独立して選択される1、2、もしくは3つの置換基で任意に置換され、
R3が、Hまたはヒドロキシルもしくはトリフルオロメチルで任意に置換されるC1−C6アルキルである、
請求項1に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - 前記化合物が、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−(n−ブチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−5−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(3−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−メチル−5−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−3−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(3−フルオロフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−(3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−(2−フルオロフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(p−トリル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−フェニル−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
N−(4−メトキシフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(3−フルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(3,5−ジフルオロフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2,3−ジフルオロフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−フルオロフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
N−([1,1’−ジフェニル]−4−イル)−6−メトキシ−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−(tert−ブチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(ナフタレン−2−イル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(3−フルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−エチルフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−イソプロピルフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−クロロフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−4−ペンチルフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(3−フルオロ−4−ペンチルフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(4−ペンチルフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、〜
6−メトキシ−N−(4−ヨードフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、2−30
6−メトキシ−N−(3−ヨードフェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(3−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−4−(tert−ブチル)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−2−(ペルフルオロエチル)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−ブトキシ−N−(4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−(2,2,2−トリフルオロエトキシ)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−エトキシ−N−(4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、2−37
6−エトキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−プロポキシ−N−(2−フルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
6−メトキシ−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−5−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェノキシ)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン、2−40
N−(2−ヨード−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−6−メトキシ−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
N−(2−クロロ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−6−メトキシ−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
N−(3−クロロ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−6−メトキシ−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
N−(3−ブロモ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−6−メトキシ−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
5−イソプロポキシ−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン、
5−(2−フルオロフェノキシ)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン、
2−(トリフルオロメチル)−5−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェノキシ)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン、
2−(トリフルオロメチル)−5,6−ビス(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェノキシ)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン、
5−メトキシ−N−メチル−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン、
5−メトキシ−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン、
5−メトキシ−2−メチル−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン、
5−((4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)アミノ)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−オール、
5−((2−フルオロ−4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)アミノ)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−オール、
5−((2−フルオロ−3−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)アミノ)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−オールの、
5−((4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)アミノ)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−オール、2−55
5−((4−(tert−ブチル)フェニル)アミノ)−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−オール、
6−メトキシ−1−メチル−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
5−メトキシ−1−メチル−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−N−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−6−アミン、
1−メチル−2−(トリフルオロメチル)−6−((4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)アミノ)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−オール、
6−メトキシ−2−フェニル−N−(4−(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル)−1H−イミダゾ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−アミン、
2−(3−フルオロフェニル)−6−((2−フルオロフェニル)アミノ)オキサゾロ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−オール、または
6−((3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)アミノ)−2−(3−フルオロフェニル)オキサゾロ[4,5−b]ピラジン−5−オールである、
請求項1に記載の化合物またはその塩。 - 医薬的に許容される担体と共に、請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその塩を含む、医薬組成物。
- ミトコンドリア脱共役に応答する状態を治療するか、またはその状態を発症するリスクを減少させる方法であって、治療有効量の請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の化合物または塩を、そのような治療を必要とする患者に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記ミトコンドリア脱共役に応答する状態が、肥満症、II型糖尿病、脂肪肝疾患、インスリン抵抗性、がん、多発性硬化症、ハンチントン病、アルツハイマー型認知症、パーキンソン病、虚血再灌流傷害、心不全、非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患(NALFD)、または非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)である、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 患者におけるグルコース恒常性またはインスリン作用を調節する方法であって、治療有効量の請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の化合物または塩を前記患者に投与することを含む、方法。
- 患者における高脂血症、糖血症、グルコース耐性、インスリン感受性、脂肪症、インスリン抵抗性、肥満症、または糖尿病を治療する方法であって、治療有効量の請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を前記患者に投与することを含む、方法。
- がんのリスクを有する患者におけるがんのリスクを減少させるための方法であって、治療有効量の請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を前記患者に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記ミトコンドリア脱共役に応答する状態ががんであり、前記がんが、p53発現または活性障害を有するがん性細胞を有するがん、Ras変異を有するがん性細胞を有するがん、ベータ−カテニン変異を有するがん性細胞を有するがん、副腎皮質癌、黒色腫、原発性結腸癌、または肝臓に転移したがんである、請求項27に記載の方法。
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