JP2021514197A - 生成方法 - Google Patents
生成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021514197A JP2021514197A JP2020544791A JP2020544791A JP2021514197A JP 2021514197 A JP2021514197 A JP 2021514197A JP 2020544791 A JP2020544791 A JP 2020544791A JP 2020544791 A JP2020544791 A JP 2020544791A JP 2021514197 A JP2021514197 A JP 2021514197A
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- Prior art keywords
- polysaccharide
- enzymatic reaction
- less
- preferably less
- oligosaccharide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、オリゴサッカリドの酵素的生成、ならびに食料品、化粧品、および機能性食品におけるそれらの使用に関する。
糖分の多い食品およびドリンクは、世界中で文化および生活様式の習慣の重要な部分であるが、それらが含む糖分は、人々において肥満、糖尿病、口腔衛生不良、および破壊的行動に関連している。これが原因で、消費者の好みは、糖分含有食品から離れていっており、政府は、糖分のより少ない消費を奨励する規則をますます施行しつつある。
本発明者らは、現在使用される組成物中の実質的量のモノサッカリドおよびジサッカリドを置き換える長鎖化したサッカリド(オリゴサッカリド)を含む糖分組成物が、食料品において所望の甘さおよび質感特性をなお提供することを見出した。しかし、ヒトの健康状態に対する現在の糖分組成物と関連する負の影響は、有意に改善され;例えば、本発明の組成物は、かなり低いカロリーしか含まず、口腔衛生にあまり影響しない。
本発明者は、実質的量のモノサッカリドおよびジサッカリドを生成することなく、食料品、化粧品、または機能性食品製品において有用な長さのオリゴサッカリドを生成する酵素的方法を発見した。いくつかの実施形態はさらに、新規特性を有する生成物を提供する。
本発明は、本発明の方法によって得られ得るオリゴサッカリド含有成分を含む食料品、化粧品、または機能性食品を含む。
1. リン酸膨潤セルロース(PASC)を、1g アビセルセルロース(Sigma−Aldrich)と3ml H2Oとのスラリーを作製し、その後、30ml 氷冷リン酸を添加し、0℃で1時間インキュベートすることによって調製した。次いで、そのセルロースを、そのフロースルーが反応で使用する前に中性pHを有するまで、水で何度も洗浄した。
1. 製粉済みポリッジオーツ粉 250gを、2リットルの水で30分間煮た。
1. トウヒ木材チップを、それらが小さな粒子へと破壊されるまで、食品ブレンダー中、懸濁した状態でブレンドし、次いで、ボールミルにかけた。
1. 1%(w/v) タマリンドキシログルカンおよび100mM 酢酸アンモニウム(pH6)を含む100μl 反応混合物を、16時間、30℃において、Paenibacillus sp.に由来する0.1U キシログルカナーゼ(GH5、CAS: 76901−10−5)(Megazyme)とともに(またはなしで)インキュベートした。
10切れ分の基本のバナナブレッドレシピは、糖分(すなわち、Tate and Lyleによって提供されるもののようなドリンクおよびシリアル用の精製サトウキビグラニュー糖) 1カップ(米国)(192g)、バター 113.5g、熟したバナナ 3本、卵 3個、中力粉 2カップ、ベーキングソーダ ティスプーン1杯および塩 ティースプーン1/2杯からなる。
そのバナナブレッドの栄養価を、表1に示す。これらは、以下の記録:卵(NDB Id 01123)、サトウキビ糖(NDB Id 45167812)、バター(NDB Id 01145)、バナナ(NDB Id 09040)、中力粉(NDB Id 45054364)、ベーキングソーダ(NDB Id 18372)、食卓塩(NDB Id 02047)を使用し、10切れ分のレシピ全体を考慮して、USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Legacy Release(2018年4月)(https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list?home=true)を使用して計算する。
Goubet F, Jackson P, Deery MJ, Dupree P. Polysaccharide analysis using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis: a method to study plant cell wall polysaccharides and polysaccharide hydrolases. Anal Biochem. 2002, 53−68
Simmons TJ, Uhrin D, Gregson T, Murray L, Sadler IH, Fry SC. An unexpectedly lichenase−stable hexasaccharide from cereal, horsetail and lichen mixed−linkage β−glucans (MLGs): Implications for MLG subunit distribution Phytochemistry. 2013, 322−332
LPMO
Podospora anserineに由来するAA9 LPMO(配列番号1)。
Genbank ID CAP67740
Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168に由来するGH16リケナーゼ(配列番号2)。
GenBank ID CAA86922.1
Ruminiclostridium thermocellumに由来するGH5アラビノキシラナーゼ(配列番号3)。
GenBank ID ABN53395.1
GenBank ID KXS18720.1
GenBank ID AAB53151.1
GenBank ID CAA97612.1
GenBank ID SDY64378.1
Bacteroides ovatusに由来するGH5キシログルカナーゼ(配列番号8)。
GenBank ID ALJ47680.1
PDB: 2A8Z_A
GenBank: ADQ03732.1
GenBank: AEH04392.1
Claims (23)
- 食料品、化粧品、または機能性食品への組み込みに適した成分を生成するための方法であって、前記成分は、1種またはこれより多くのオリゴサッカリドを含み、ここで前記オリゴサッカリドは、酵素反応において生成され、前記酵素反応は、溶液または懸濁物中で、ポリサッカリド切断酵素およびポリサッカリド含有供給原料を接触させる工程を包含し、ここで前記酵素反応は、モノサッカリドもジサッカリドも実質的に生成しない、方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、キシラナーゼ、好ましくはGH5、GH8、GH10、GH11またはGH30キシラナーゼである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、マンナナーゼである、請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド含有供給原料は、キシランを含み、前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、GH5、GH8、GH10、GH11および/またはGH30キシラナーゼであり、好ましくはここで前記ポリサッカリド含有供給原料は、グルクロノキシラン、アラビノキシラン、および/またはグルクロノアラビノキシランを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド含有供給原料は、セルロース、キチン、および/またはキトサンを含み、前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、溶解性ポリサッカリドモノオキシゲナーゼ(LPMO)であり、前記酵素反応は、1種またはこれより多くの適切な還元剤の存在下で行われ、好ましくはここで前記LPMOは、AA9、AA10、AA11、AA13、AA14およびAA15からなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1種またはこれより多くの適切な還元剤は、アスコルビン酸、没食子酸、システイン、NADH、NADPH、ピロガロール、ジチオスレイトール、シアノボロヒドリド、ボロヒドリド、光合成色素、リグニン、リグノール、およびセロビオースとセロビオースデヒドロゲナーゼの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素反応において生成されるオリゴサッカリドは、β−グルカン、好ましくはβ−1,4−グルカンを含む、請求項5または6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド含有供給原料は、混合結合型グルカンを含み、前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、リケナーゼであり、好ましくはここで前記リケナーゼは、GH16ファミリーから選択される、および/または好ましくはここで前記酵素反応において生成されるオリゴサッカリドは、β−グルカンを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド含有供給原料は、キシログルカンを含み、前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、キシログルカナーゼ、好ましくはキシログルカンエンドグルカナーゼ(XEG)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド含有供給原料は、バイオマスを含み、好ましくはここで前記方法は、前記酵素反応を行う前に、前記バイオマスが酸、アルカリ、熱、または酵素処理を通じて予備処理される1またはこれより多くの工程をさらに包含する、前述のいずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 重量で、前記酵素反応において生成される想定可能なサッカリドのうちの約60%未満、好ましくは約50%未満、好ましくは約40%未満、より好ましくは約30%未満、さらにより好ましくは約20%未満、さらにより好ましくは約15%未満、なおより好ましくは約10%未満、いっそうより好ましくは約5%未満、さらにより好ましくは約2%未満、なおより好ましくは約1%未満が、モノサッカリドもしくはジサッカリドである;および/または重量で、前記酵素反応において生成される想定可能なサッカリドのうちの約15%未満、好ましくは約10%未満、より好ましくは約5%未満、さらにより好ましくは約2%未満、なおより好ましくは約1%未満が、16個もしくはこれより多くの残基、より好ましくは10個もしくはこれより多くの残基、なおより好ましくは7個もしくはこれより多くの残基を含む、前述のいずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 第2のポリサッカリド切断酵素と、1種またはこれより多くのジサッカリドを生成する前記1種またはこれより多くのポリサッカリド含有供給原料とを接触させる工程を包含する第2の酵素反応をさらに包含する、前述のいずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- ジサッカリドの量は、前記酵素反応から生成される想定可能なサッカリドのうちの約50%未満である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素反応は、前記酵素反応から生成される想定可能なサッカリドのうちの約25%未満の量において、1種またはこれより多くのモノサッカリドを生成する、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、前記酵素反応に存在する1種またはこれより多くの微生物によって生成される、前述のいずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、触媒モジュールまたは非触媒モジュールに作動可能に連結され、好ましくはここで前記ポリサッカリド切断酵素は、非触媒モジュールの作動可能に連結され、前記非触媒モジュールは、炭水化物結合モジュールである、前述のいずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素反応から前記オリゴサッカリドを単離する工程をさらに包含し、好ましくはここで可溶性オリゴサッカリドは、不溶性のオリゴサッカリドおよびポリサッカリドから単離される、前述のいずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素反応の後に、前記オリゴサッカリドが化学的処理、物理的処理、または酵素処理(例えば、還元、酸化、カラメル化、またはメイラード反応)を受ける工程が続く、前述のいずれかの請求項に記載の方法。
- 食料品、化粧品、または機能性食品に組み込むための成分であって、前記成分は、β−1,4−グルカンオリゴサッカリドを含み、ここで1個またはこれより多くの末端サッカリド残基は、ラクトン、4−ケトアルドース、アルドン酸またはジェミナルジオールへと酸化され、ここで前記成分は、モノサッカリドもジサッカリドも実質的に含まない成分。
- 食料品、化粧品、または機能性食品に組み込むための成分であって、前記成分は、請求項1〜18のいずれかに記載の方法によって得られ得る成分。
- 食料品、化粧品、または機能性食品に組み込むための成分であって、前記成分は、β−1,4−グルカンオリゴサッカリドおよび別のオリゴサッカリドを含み、前記成分は、請求項1〜18のいずれかに記載の方法によって得られ得る成分。
- 前記成分は、前記酵素反応から生成される想定可能なサッカリドのうちの約40%未満の量でジサッカリドを含む、請求項21に記載の成分。
- 前記成分は、前記酵素反応から生成される想定可能なサッカリドのうちの約25%未満の量でモノサッカリドを含む、請求項21または22に記載の成分。
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WO2019162416A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
EP3755808A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
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CA3091790A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
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US20210010043A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
AU2019223155B2 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
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