JP2019518130A - 高性能タイヤ用溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料及び製造方法 - Google Patents
高性能タイヤ用溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019518130A JP2019518130A JP2019514157A JP2019514157A JP2019518130A JP 2019518130 A JP2019518130 A JP 2019518130A JP 2019514157 A JP2019514157 A JP 2019514157A JP 2019514157 A JP2019514157 A JP 2019514157A JP 2019518130 A JP2019518130 A JP 2019518130A
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- Prior art keywords
- butadiene rubber
- solution
- polymerized styrene
- soft segment
- styrene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium Chemical compound [Li][Li] SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical group CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical group OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
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- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BJZYYSAMLOBSDY-QMMMGPOBSA-N (2s)-2-butoxybutan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCO[C@@H](CC)CO BJZYYSAMLOBSDY-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QNRMTGGDHLBXQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,2-diene Chemical compound CC=C=C QNRMTGGDHLBXQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 ether diol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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Abstract
Description
ソフトセグメントとハードセグメントとの質量比は、100:(20〜50)で、好ましくは、100:(30〜45)であり、
前記ソフトセグメントは、アニオン重合により調製されるヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムであり、
前記ハードセグメントは、イソシアネートと、低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤と、架橋剤とを含み、
前記イソシアネートは、4,4−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、1,5−ナフタレンジイソシアネート、またはトリレン−2,4−ジイソシアネートで、好ましくは、1,5−ナフタレンジイソシアネートであり、
前記低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤は、1,4−ブタンジオール、またはエチレングリコールで、好ましくは、1,4−ブタンジオールであり、
前記架橋剤は、トリメチロールプロパン、またはグリセリンであり、
ソフトセグメントとイソシアネートとの質量比は、100:(15〜45)であり、
(ソフトセグメント+イソシアネート)と(鎖延長剤+架橋剤)との質量比は、100:(4〜12)であり、
鎖延長剤と架橋剤との質量比は、100:(15〜50)であり、
前記ソフトセグメントの分子量は、1000〜8000で、好ましくは、4500〜6500であり、
前記ソフトセグメントのガラス転移温度は、−20〜−30℃である。
工程(1)ジリチウム開始剤の調製工程:シクロヘキサン及びテトラヒドロフランを溶媒として用い、イソプレンとリチウムとを氷水浴において反応させることによりジリチウム開始剤を生成する。
工程(2):蒸留によりエチレンオキシドを精製する。
工程(3):45〜55℃の反応温度で、ブタジエン、スチレンとジリチウム開始剤とを3.5〜4.5時間反応させることで重合させ、反応釜を室温に冷却し、ブロック剤としてエチレンオキシドを加えてさらに12〜14時間反応させることにより、ヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムを調製し、
ブタジエンとスチレンとの質量比は、100:(25〜35)であり、
エチレンオキシドと活性リチウムとの質量比は、100:(10〜20)であり、
活性リチウムと(ブタジエン+スチレン)との質量比は、1:(90〜790)である。
工程a:プレポリマーの調製工程:90〜100℃の真空環境下でヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムを2〜3時間攪拌し、80〜90℃に冷却してイソシアネートを加え、2.5〜3時間反応させた後に65〜75℃に冷却し、サンプルを採取し、−NCОの質量含有量を測定する。−NCОの質量含有量が5〜11%未満である場合にイソシアネートを追加し、−NCОの質量含有量が5〜11%に達する場合に排出する。
工程b:溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマーの調製工程:80〜90℃の真空環境下でプレポリマーを2〜3時間攪拌した後に、65〜75℃に冷却して低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤と、架橋剤とを加え、2〜3分高速攪拌し、注型成形することにより前記ポリウレタンエラストマー材料を得る。
低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤と、架橋剤とを1〜2s/滴の速度で滴下する。
シクロヘキサンとテトラヒドロフランとの体積比は1:1である。酸化層を除去したリチウムシートとテトラヒドロフランとを三口フラスコに加え、アルゴン雰囲下で、氷水浴に置いて温度を約0℃に保持する。イソプレンとシクロヘキサンとを均一に混合して定圧滴下漏斗に加え、一滴ずつ徐々に三口フラスコに滴下することによりリチウムと十分に反応させる。滴下終了後、0℃で引き続き6〜8時間攪拌する。反応終了後、低温において22〜26時間静置する。G4ガラスフィルム漏斗を用いて上澄み液を濾過して赤褐色の透明な開始剤溶液を得る。使用前に二相滴定法により開始剤の濃度を標定する。
工程2)蒸留によるエチレンオキシドの精製:エチレンオキシドをブロック剤として用い、エチレンオキシドに含まれる不純物、水などが活性リチウムイオンを不活性化し、連鎖を阻止して活性鎖の末端修飾に影響を与えるので、精製を行う必要がある。適量の水素化カリウムを粉末に粉砕し、エチレンオキシドに加えて24〜26時間浸漬し、窒素雰囲下で常温においてエチレンオキシドを蒸留する。
工程3)ヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムの調製:反応釜を45〜55℃に昇温させ、シクロヘキサンを用いて反応釜を1.5〜2.5時間洗浄する。ブタジエンとスチレンとの質量比は100:25〜35であり、単量体の質量パーセントは10%であり、スチレン−ブタジエンゴムを合成する時の反応温度は50℃であり、反応時間は3.5〜4.5時間である。反応釜を室温に冷却し、ブロック剤としてエチレンオキシドを加え、エチレンオキシドと活性リチウムとの質量比は100:20であり、反応時間は12〜14時間である。窒素雰囲下でゴム液を取り出し、適量の塩酸を加えて常温において4〜6時間攪拌し、無水エタノールを用いて沈殿させることにより、ヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムを得て、密封して保存する。
工程4)プレポリマーの調製:90〜100℃の真空環境下でヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムを2.5時間攪拌し、80〜90℃に冷却してイソシアネートを加え、2.5〜3時間反応させた後に65〜75℃に冷却し、サンプルを採取し、ASTM D2572−97規格に沿って−NCОの質量含有量を測定する。−NCОの質量含有量が5〜11%未満である場合にイソシアネートを追加し、−NCОの質量含有量が5〜11%に達する場合に排出し、密封して保存する。
工程5)溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマーの調製:80〜90℃の真空環境下でプレポリマーを2時間攪拌した後に、65〜75℃に冷却して低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤と、架橋剤とを加え、2〜3分高速攪拌し、注型成形し、次いで100℃のオーブンに入れて20時間硬化させ、離型させた後に、常温において7日静置する。
ガラス転移温度を測定するには、スイスのメトラー・トレド社(METTLER TOLEDO)製の示差走査熱量計を用いる。
Claims (8)
- ソフトセグメントとハードセグメントとを注型成形することにより得られるポリウレタンエラストマー材料であって、
ソフトセグメントとハードセグメントとの質量比は、100:(20〜50)であり、
前記ソフトセグメントは、アニオン重合により調製されるヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムであり、
前記ハードセグメントは、イソシアネートと、低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤と、架橋剤とを含み、
前記イソシアネートは、4,4−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、1,5−ナフタレンジイソシアネート、またはトリレン−2,4−ジイソシアネートであり
前記低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤は、1,4−ブタンジオール、またはエチレングリコールであり、
前記架橋剤は、トリメチロールプロパン、またはグリセリンであり、
ソフトセグメントとイソシアネートとの質量比は、100:(15〜45)であり、
(ソフトセグメント+イソシアネート)と(鎖延長剤+架橋剤)との質量比は、100:(4〜12)であり、
鎖延長剤と架橋剤との質量比は、100:(17〜100)であり、
前記ソフトセグメントの分子量は、1000〜8000であり、
前記ソフトセグメントのガラス転移温度は、−20〜−30℃であることを特徴とする高性能タイヤ用溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料。 - ソフトセグメントとハードセグメントとの質量比は、100:(30〜45)であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料。
- 前記ソフトセグメントの分子量は、4500〜6500であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料。
- 前記ソフトセグメントは、
(1)シクロヘキサン及びテトラヒドロフランを溶媒として用い、イソプレンとリチウムとを氷水浴において反応させることによりジリチウム開始剤を生成するジリチウム開始剤の調製工程と、
(2)蒸留によりエチレンオキシドを精製する工程と、
(3)45〜55℃の反応温度で、ブタジエン、スチレンとジリチウム開始剤とを3.5〜4.5時間反応させることで重合させ、反応釜を室温に冷却し、ブロック剤としてエチレンオキシドを加えてさらに12〜14時間反応させることにより、ヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムを調製する工程と
により調製され、
ブタジエンとスチレンとの質量比は、100:(25〜35)であり、
エチレンオキシドと活性リチウムとの質量比は、100:(10〜20)であり、
活性リチウムと(ブタジエン+スチレン)との質量比は、1:(90〜790)であること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料。 - ジリチウム開始剤の濃度は、0.5〜1.0mol/Lであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料。
- 前記溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマーのガラス転移温度が−20〜−30℃であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料。
- a、90〜100℃の真空環境下でヒドロキシ末端の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴムを2〜3時間攪拌し、80〜90℃まで冷却してイソシアネートを加え、2.5〜3時間反応させた後に65〜75℃まで冷却し、サンプルを採取し、−NCОの質量含有量を測定し、−NCОの質量含有量が5〜11%未満である場合にイソシアネートを追加し、−NCОの質量含有量が5〜11%に達する場合に排出するプレポリマーの調製工程と、
b、80〜90℃の真空環境下でプレポリマーを2〜3時間攪拌した後に、65〜75℃に冷却して低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤と、架橋剤とを加え、2〜3分高速攪拌し、注型成形することにより前記ポリウレタンエラストマー材料を得る溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマーの調製工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料の製造方法。 - 前記攪拌速度は、150〜250rad/minであり、高速攪拌の速度は、400〜600rad/minであり、
低分子ポリオール鎖延長剤と、架橋剤とを1〜2s/滴の速度で滴下することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の溶液重合スチレン−ブタジエンゴム−ポリウレタンエラストマー材料の製造方法。
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