JP2019054064A - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019054064A JP2019054064A JP2017176093A JP2017176093A JP2019054064A JP 2019054064 A JP2019054064 A JP 2019054064A JP 2017176093 A JP2017176093 A JP 2017176093A JP 2017176093 A JP2017176093 A JP 2017176093A JP 2019054064 A JP2019054064 A JP 2019054064A
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Abstract
【解決手段】炭化珪素からなる半導体基板10に、MOSゲート構造を有する第1,2セル101a,101bが設けられている。第1セル101aは、通常のMOSFETセルである。第2セル101bは、ゲート電極8bがソース電極14に直接接続され、ソース電極14の電位に固定されている。第1セル101aのゲート電極8aへの負バイアス時に、第2セル101bのp型チャネル領域の表面電位が第1セル101aのp型チャネル領域の表面電位よりも低くなるように、第2セル101bのゲート絶縁膜7bの厚さt1bは、第1セル101aのゲート絶縁膜7aの厚さt1aよりも薄く設定されている。
【選択図】図1
Description
実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置は、シリコン(Si)よりもバンドギャップが広い半導体(ワイドバンドギャップ半導体)を用いて構成される。実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置の構造について、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体として例えば炭化珪素(SiC)を用いた場合を例に説明する。図1は、実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置の要部を示す断面図である。図1には、後述する図2の切断線A−A’における断面構造を示す。具体的には、図1には、1つの第1セル101aと、当該第1セル101aに隣り合う1つの第2セル101bと、を示す(図5,6,8,9においても同様)。
次に、実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置の構造について説明する。図3は、実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置の要部を示す断面図である。図3には、後述する図4の切断線B−B’における断面構造を示す。具体的には、図3には、2つの第1セル111aと、当該2つの第1セル111aに挟まれた2つの第2セル111bと、を示す。実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置は、トレンチゲート型MOSFETに実施の形態1にかかる半導体装置を適用したものである。図3に示す実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置は、炭化珪素からなる半導体基板(半導体チップ)20の活性領域111に、第1,2セル(MOSFETの単位セル)111a,111bを所定のレイアウトで配置したドレインとゲート構造のSiC−MOSFETである。
次に、実施の形態3にかかる半導体装置の構造について説明する。図5,6は、実施の形態3にかかる半導体装置の構造を示す断面図である。図5,6は、図2の切断線A−A’における断面構造である。図5には、図7の切断線C−C’における断面構造を示す。図6には、図7の切断線D−D’における断面構造を示す。図7は、実施の形態3にかかる半導体装置を半導体基板のおもて面側から見たレイアウトを示す平面図である。図7には、図2の切断線A−A’付近を拡大して示す。図7のハッチング部分がゲート電極8a,8bである。
次に、実施の形態4にかかる半導体装置の構造について説明する。図8,9は、実施の形態4にかかる半導体装置の構造を示す断面図である。図8,9は、図2の切断線A−A’における断面構造である。図8には、図10の切断線E−E’における断面構造を示す。図9には、図10の切断線F−F’における断面構造を示す。図10は、実施の形態4にかかる半導体装置を半導体基板のおもて面側から見たレイアウトを示す平面図である。
図10には、図2の切断線A−A’付近を拡大して示す。図10のハッチング部分がゲート電極8a,8bである。
次に、実施の形態5にかかる半導体装置の製造方法について、実施の形態2にかかる半導体装置を製造する場合を例に説明する。図11〜28は、実施の形態5にかかる半導体装置の製造途中の状態を示す断面図である。図12〜28には、活性領域111のみを示す。まず、図11に示すように、n+型ドレイン領域となるn+型出発基板21のおもて面に、n-型炭化珪素層22a’をエピタキシャル成長させる。
2,22 n-型ドリフト領域
2a,22a,22a’ n-型炭化珪素層
3,23 p型チャネル領域
3a p型チャネル領域の中心
4 p+型ベース領域
5,24,45,55 n+型ソース領域
6,25,46,56 p++型コンタクト領域
7a,7b,27a,27b ゲート絶縁膜
8a,8b,28a,28b ゲート電極
9,29 層間絶縁膜
10,20 半導体基板
11,12,31,32 コンタクトホール
13,15、33,35 オーミックコンタクト電極
14,34 ソース電極
16,36 ドレイン電極
17 n+型ソース領域の開口領域
18 ショットキーコンタクト電極
23a p型炭化珪素層
26a 第1トレンチ
26b 第2トレンチ
33',35' ニッケル膜
41 第1,2トレンチの底面を覆うp+型領域(第1p+型領域)
42 メサ領域に設けられたp+型領域(第2p+型領域)
43 第2p+型領域の一部
44 第2p+型領域の一部
61 酸化膜
101,111 活性領域
101a,111a 第1セル(通常のMOSFETセル)
101b,111b 第2セル(ゲート電極がソース電極の電位に固定されたMOSFETセル)
102,112 エッジ終端領域
103,113 ゲートパッド
104,114 ゲートランナー
201a〜201d MOSFET
202a〜202d ゲート駆動回路
203 DC電源
204 誘導負荷
205a〜205d ダイオード
211 単相インバータの電流経路
212 単相インバータの転流電流の電流経路
Ia 電流
Ib 転流電流
T1 デッドタイム
X 積層欠陥の成長方向(第1方向)
Y 第1方向と直交する方向(第2方向)
Z 半導体基板の深さ方向
t1a,t1b,t2a,t2b ゲート絶縁膜の厚さ
w1a,w2a 第1セルのJFET領域の幅
w1b,w2b 第2セルのJFET領域の幅
w3a 隣り合う第1トレンチ間および隣り合う第1,2トレンチ間に配置された第2p+型領域の幅
w3b 隣り合う第2トレンチ間に配置された第2p+型領域の幅
w4b ゲート電極の、第2トレンチの内部に埋め込まれた部分の幅
w4b' ゲート電極の、第2トレンチから上方に突出している部分の幅
Claims (13)
- 同一の半導体基板に複数のセルを備えた半導体装置であって、
前記セルは、
シリコンよりもバンドギャップの広い半導体からなる第1導電型の前記半導体基板のおもて面の表面層に設けられた第2導電型の第1半導体領域と、
前記半導体基板の裏面の表面層に設けられた、前記半導体基板よりも不純物濃度の高い第1導電型の第2半導体領域と、
前記半導体基板の、前記第1半導体領域および前記第2半導体領域以外の部分である第1導電型の第3半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体領域の内部に選択的に設けられた第1導電型の第4半導体領域と、
前記第1半導体領域の、前記第3半導体領域と前記第4半導体領域との間の領域に接して設けられたゲート絶縁膜と、
前記ゲート絶縁膜を挟んで前記第1半導体領域の反対側に設けられたゲート電極と、
前記第1半導体領域および前記第4半導体領域に電気的に接続された第1電極と、
前記第2半導体領域に電気的に接続された第2電極と、
を有し、
複数の前記セルのうち、
少なくとも1つの第1セルは、前記ゲート電極に外部から入力されるゲート信号により駆動し、
前記第1セル以外の第2セルは、前記ゲート電極が前記第1セルの前記ゲート電極の電位以外の所定電位であり、
前記第1セルの前記ゲート電極への負バイアス時に、前記第2セルの前記第1半導体領域の表面電位が前記第1セルの前記第1半導体領域の表面電位よりも低くなるように、前記ゲート絶縁膜の厚さ、前記ゲート絶縁膜の誘電率または前記ゲート電極の材料を設定したことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記第2セルの前記ゲート絶縁膜の厚さは、前記第1セルの前記ゲート絶縁膜の厚さよりも薄いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第2セルの前記ゲート絶縁膜の少なくとも一部は、前記第1セルの前記ゲート絶縁膜よりも誘電率が高いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 第1導電型はn型であり、
第2導電型はp型であり、
前記第2セルの前記ゲート電極の材料は、前記第1セルの前記ゲート電極の材料よりもフェルミ準位が高いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1セルの前記ゲート電極の材料はp型ポリシリコンであり、
前記第2セルの前記ゲート電極の材料はn型ポリシリコンであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の半導体装置。 - 第1導電型はp型であり、
第2導電型はn型であり、
前記第2セルの前記ゲート電極の材料は、前記第1セルの前記ゲート電極の材料よりもフェルミ準位が低いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1セルの前記ゲート電極の材料はn型ポリシリコンであり、
前記第2セルの前記ゲート電極の材料はp型ポリシリコンであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記セルは、
前記第3半導体領域の、互いに離して配置された隣り合う前記第1半導体領域の間に挟まれた部分であるJFET領域と、
前記JFET領域から当該JFET領域を挟んで隣り合う前記第1半導体領域までの表面上に前記ゲート絶縁膜を介して前記ゲート電極が設けられたプレーナゲート構造と、
を有し、
前記第2セルの前記JFET領域の幅は、前記第1セルの前記JFET領域の幅よりも狭いことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。 - 前記セルは、
前記第4半導体領域および前記第1半導体領域を貫通して前記第3半導体領域に達するトレンチと、
前記トレンチ内に前記ゲート絶縁膜および前記ゲート電極が設けられたトレンチゲート構造と、
前記第3半導体領域の内部に、前記第1半導体領域と離して選択的に設けられ、前記トレンチの底面を囲む第2導電型の第5半導体領域と、
前記第3半導体領域の内部の、隣り合う前記トレンチの間に、前記第1半導体領域と接して選択的に設けられた第2導電型の第6半導体領域と、
前記第3半導体領域の、前記第5半導体領域と前記第6半導体領域とに挟まれた部分であるJFET領域と、
を有し、
前記第2セルの前記JFET領域の幅は、前記第1セルの前記JFET領域の幅よりも狭いことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2セルの前記ゲート電極は、前記第1電極に接続されて前記第1電極の電位に固定されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。
- 前記セルは、
前記第1半導体領域の内部に、前記第4半導体領域に接して選択的に設けられた、前記第1半導体領域よりも不純物濃度の高い第2導電型の第7半導体領域をさらに有し、
前記第1電極と前記第7半導体領域との接触面積は、前記第1電極と前記第4半導体領域との接触面積の1/10以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜10のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。 - 前記セルは、
前記第7半導体領域とオーミック接合を形成する前記第1電極と、
前記第1半導体領域とショットキー接合を形成する第3電極と、を有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記セルは、積層欠陥の成長方向Xに並列に配置され、
前記第1セルを配置した領域は、少なくとも1つの前記第2セルにより複数の領域に分割されていることを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれか一つに記載の半導体装置。
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