JP2018527437A - ポリアミド界面重合用組成物およびそれを用いた逆浸透膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリアミド界面重合用組成物およびそれを用いた逆浸透膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018527437A JP2018527437A JP2018504898A JP2018504898A JP2018527437A JP 2018527437 A JP2018527437 A JP 2018527437A JP 2018504898 A JP2018504898 A JP 2018504898A JP 2018504898 A JP2018504898 A JP 2018504898A JP 2018527437 A JP2018527437 A JP 2018527437A
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- polyamide
- interfacial polymerization
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- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- CZZZABOKJQXEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1 CZZZABOKJQXEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VOWZNBNDMFLQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(N)=C1 VOWZNBNDMFLQGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C=CC=C1N RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UFFBMTHBGFGIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1N UFFBMTHBGFGIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZWUBBMDHSZDNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Chloro-meta-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(N)=C1 ZWUBBMDHSZDNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RNVCVTLRINQCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N RNVCVTLRINQCPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VVAKEQGKZNKUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1C VVAKEQGKZNKUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940075142 2,5-diaminotoluene Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- OBCSAIDCZQSFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound CC1=CC(N)=CC=C1N OBCSAIDCZQSFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXNUJYHFQHQZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1N AXNUJYHFQHQZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DGRGLKZMKWPMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C(N)=C1 DGRGLKZMKWPMOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-phenylamine Natural products CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- JSYBAZQQYCNZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,4-triamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C(N)=C1 JSYBAZQQYCNZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 49
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZVDSMYGTJDFNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(N)C(C)=C1N ZVDSMYGTJDFNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGLZGLAFFOMWPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C(Cl)=C1 MGLZGLAFFOMWPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyldecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)C CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical class FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
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- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
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- B01D71/06—Organic material
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- B01D71/06—Organic material
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- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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Abstract
Description
[化学式1]
xおよびyは、互いに同じでも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ独立して1〜30の整数であり、
xとyの比は1:1〜1:3であり、
L1は、直鎖もしくは分枝鎖のアルキレン基である。
[化学式1]
xおよびyは、互いに同じでも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ独立して0〜30の整数であり、
xとyの比は1:1〜1:3であり、
L1は、直鎖もしくは分枝鎖のアルキレン基である。
[化学式2]
nは0〜10の整数であり、
L2は、直鎖もしくは分枝鎖のアルキレン基であり、
M+は、Li+、Na+、およびK+からなる群から選択される何れか1つである。
[化学式3]
下記実施例および比較例をはじめとして、本明細書において、表面張力はデュヌイ張力計(Du Nouy ring method)を用いて測定した。
支持上に、m‐フェニレンジアミン(mPD)、界面活性剤としてラウリル硫酸ナトリウム(SLS、Sodium Lauryl Sulphate)、および前記化学式1で表される化合物としてZonyl(登録商標)FSO‐100を含む組成物を用いて水溶液層を形成した。次に、トリメソイルクロリド(TMC)、1,3,5‐トリメチルベンゼン(TMB)、およびIsopar‐Gを含む組成物を前記水溶液層上に塗布して有機層を形成し、界面重合を行うことで、逆浸透膜を製造した。この際、水溶液層形成用組成物中のmPD、SLS、およびFSO‐100の含量は下記表1の通りであり、残りは水であった。
アミン化合物として、mPDの代わりに化学式3で表される化合物である2,6‐ジアミノトルエン(2,6‐diaminotoluene、2,6‐DAT)を使用したことを除き、実施例1と同様に実施した。
前記実施例1の水溶液層に、前記化学式1で表される化合物であるFSO‐100を使用しなかったことを除き、実施例1と同様に実施した。
前記実施例1の水溶液層がポリビニルピロリドン(PVP、Polyvinylpyrrolidone)をさらに含むことを除き、実施例1と同様に実施した。
前記実施例1の水溶液層に、界面活性剤であるSLSを使用しなかったことを除き、実施例1と同様に実施した。
60分間、60psiの条件で250ppmのNaCl溶液を流して、40〜50mLが透過されるまで透過流量を測定した。
脱塩率は電気伝導度計(conductivity meter)を用いて測定し、下記式(2)によって決定した。これは、塩濃度に対する電気伝導度値が非線形的に(non‐linear)示され、特に、低い脱塩率ではその偏差が大きくないためである。
200 多孔性支持層
300 ポリアミド活性層
400 塩水
500 精製水
600 濃縮水
Claims (15)
- アミン化合物およびアシルハライド化合物の少なくとも1つと、界面活性剤と、下記化学式1で表される化合物と、を含むポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
[化学式1]
xおよびyは、互いに同じでも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ独立して1〜30の整数であり、
xとyの比は1:1〜1:3であり、
L1は、直鎖もしくは分枝鎖のアルキレン基である。) - 前記界面活性剤が下記化学式2で表される、請求項1に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
[化学式2]
- 前記アミン化合物は芳香族アミン化合物からなり、
前記芳香族アミン化合物は、下記化学式3で表される化合物を含む、請求項1または2に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
[化学式3]
- 前記芳香族アミン化合物は、m‐フェニレンジアミン、p‐フェニレンジアミン、1,3,6‐ベンゼントリアミン、4‐クロロ‐1,3‐フェニレンジアミン、6‐クロロ‐1,3‐フェニレンジアミン、および3‐クロロ‐1,4‐フェニレンジアミンからなる群から選択される1種以上をさらに含む、請求項3に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
- 前記化学式3で表される化合物は、2,3‐ジアミノトルエン、2,4‐ジアミノトルエン、2,5‐ジアミノトルエン、2,6‐ジアミノトルエン、3,4‐ジアミノトルエン、2,4,6‐トリメチル‐m‐フェニレンジアミン、m‐トルイジン、p‐トルイジン、o‐トルイジン、2,3‐ジメチルアニリン、2,4‐ジメチルアニリン、2,5‐ジメチルアニリン、および2,6‐ジメチルアニリンからなる群から選択される1種以上を含む、請求項3に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
- 前記化学式3で表される化合物を含むアミン化合物と、界面活性剤と、前記化学式1で表される化合物と、を含む水溶液であって、
前記化学式3で表される化合物の含量は、前記水溶液に対して0.1重量%〜5重量%である、請求項3から5の何れか一項に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。 - 前記芳香族アミン化合物の含量は、前記水溶液に対して0重量%〜5重量%である、請求項6に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
- 前記化学式1で表される化合物の含量は、全ポリアミド界面重合用組成物100重量%に対して0重量%を超え0.1重量%以下である、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
- 前記界面活性剤の含量は、全ポリアミド界面重合用組成物100重量%に対して0重量%を超え0.1重量%以下である、請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物。
- 請求項1から9の何れか一項に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物を用いて支持体上にポリアミド活性層を形成するステップを含む、逆浸透膜の製造方法。
- 前記ポリアミド界面重合用組成物は、アミン化合物と、界面活性剤と、前記化学式1で表される化合物と、を含み、前記ポリアミド界面重合用組成物とアシルハライド化合物との接触により界面重合することでポリアミド活性層を形成する、請求項10に記載の逆浸透膜の製造方法。
- 前記ポリアミド界面重合用組成物は、アシルハライド化合物と、界面活性剤と、前記化学式1で表される化合物と、を含み、前記ポリアミド界面重合用組成物とアミン化合物との接触により界面重合することでポリアミド活性層を形成する、請求項10に記載の逆浸透膜の製造方法。
- 請求項1から9の何れか一項に記載のポリアミド界面重合用組成物の重合物を含むポリアミド活性層を有する逆浸透膜。
- 前記ポリアミド活性層上に備えられた防汚層をさらに含む、請求項13に記載の逆浸透膜。
- 請求項14に記載の逆浸透膜を含む水処理モジュール。
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