JP6642860B2 - 水処理分離膜およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
水処理分離膜およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6642860B2 JP6642860B2 JP2017561406A JP2017561406A JP6642860B2 JP 6642860 B2 JP6642860 B2 JP 6642860B2 JP 2017561406 A JP2017561406 A JP 2017561406A JP 2017561406 A JP2017561406 A JP 2017561406A JP 6642860 B2 JP6642860 B2 JP 6642860B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 89
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003504 2-oxazolinyl group Chemical group O1C(=NCC1)* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 48
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940123208 Biguanide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Biguanide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC(N)=N XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAZJLPXFVQHDFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-hexylguanidine Polymers CCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)N VAZJLPXFVQHDFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWUBBMDHSZDNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Chloro-meta-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(N)=C1 ZWUBBMDHSZDNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyldecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)C CNPVJWYWYZMPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009056 active transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JSYBAZQQYCNZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,4-triamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C(N)=C1 JSYBAZQQYCNZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
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- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
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- B01D69/1251—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction by interfacial polymerisation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Description
[化学式1]
R1およびR2は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素、重水素、ハロゲン基、置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のアリール基、または置換もしくは非置換のヘテロ環基であり、
Z1〜Z3は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、N(R3)、O、またはSであり、
A1およびA2は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、O、S、N(R4)、N(R5)2 +、O(R6)+、S(R7)+、O(R8)(R9)2+、またはS(R9)(R10)2+であり、
R3〜R10は、水素、重水素、ハロゲン基、置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のアリール基、または置換もしくは非置換のヘテロ環基であり、
A1およびA2のうちの少なくとも1つがN(R5)2 +、O(R6)+、S(R7)+、O(R8)(R9)2+、またはS(R9)(R10)2+の場合、Yは、HSO4 −、SO4 2−、NO3 −、CO3 2−、HCO3 −、H2PO4 −、HPO4 2−、PO4 3−、Cl−、Br−、およびF−からなる群より選択され、
nは、1〜10の整数であり、
mは、1〜60の整数であり、
pは、0〜4の整数であり、
n、mおよびpがそれぞれ2以上の場合、括弧内の構造は、互いに同一または異なる。
多孔性支持体と、前記多孔性支持体上に備えられたポリアミド活性層とを含む水処理分離膜において、
前記ポリアミド活性層の内部または表面に、前記化学式1で表され、重量平均分子量が100g/mol〜1200g/molの重合体に由来する構造を含む水処理分離膜を提供する。
多孔性支持体を用意するステップと、
アミン化合物を含む水溶液およびアシルハライドを含む有機溶液の界面重合を利用して、前記多孔性支持体上にポリアミド活性層を形成するステップとを含み、
前記水溶液または前記有機溶液は、前記化学式1で表され、重量平均分子量が100g/mol〜1200g/molの重合体を含むものである水処理分離膜の製造方法を提供する。
[化学式1]
R1およびR2は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、水素、重水素、ハロゲン基、置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のアリール基、または置換もしくは非置換のヘテロ環基であり、
Z1〜Z3は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、N(R3)、O、またはSであり、
A1およびA2は、互いに同一または異なり、それぞれ独立に、O、S、N(R4)、N(R5)2 +、O(R6)+、S(R7)+、O(R8)(R9)2+、またはS(R9)(R10)2+であり、
R3〜R10は、水素、重水素、ハロゲン基、置換もしくは非置換のアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のシクロアルキル基、置換もしくは非置換のアルケニル基、置換もしくは非置換のアリール基、または置換もしくは非置換のヘテロ環基であり、
A1およびA2のうちの少なくとも1つがN(R5)2 +、O(R6)+、S(R7)+、O(R8)(R9)2+、またはS(R9)(R10)2+の場合、Yは、HSO4 −、SO4 2−、NO3 −、CO3 2−、HCO3 −、H2PO4 −、HPO4 2−、PO4 3−、Cl−、Br−、およびF−からなる群より選択され、
nは、1〜10の整数であり、
mは、1〜60の整数であり、
pは、0〜4の整数であり、
n、mおよびpがそれぞれ2以上の場合、括弧内の構造は、互いに同一または異なる。
多孔性支持体と、前記多孔性支持体上に備えられたポリアミド活性層とを含む水処理分離膜において、
前記ポリアミド活性層の内部または表面に、前記化学式1で表され、重量平均分子量が100g/mol〜1200g/molの重合体に由来する構造を含む水処理分離膜を提供する。
多孔性支持体を用意するステップと、
アミン化合物を含む水溶液およびアシルハライドを含む有機溶液の界面重合を利用して、前記多孔性支持体上にポリアミド活性層を形成するステップとを含み、
前記水溶液または前記有機溶液は、前記化学式1で表され、重量平均分子量が100g/mol〜1200g/molの重合体を含むものである水処理分離膜の製造方法を提供する。
<実施例1>
DMF(N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド)溶液に18wt%のポリスルホン固形分を入れて、80℃〜85℃で12時間以上溶かして均一な液状が得られた。この溶液をポリエステル材質の95μm〜100μmの厚さの不織布上に45μm〜50μmの厚さにキャストする。その後、キャストされた不織布を水に入れて、多孔性ポリスルホン支持体を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBを0.2wt%用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBを0.5wt%用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBの代わりに、分子量が600g/molのPEB((Poly(ethylene biguanide))0.1wt%を用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBの代わりに、分子量が600g/molのPEB((Poly(ethylene biguanide))0.2wt%を用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBの代わりに、分子量が600g/molのPEB((Poly(ethylene biguanide))0.5wt%を用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBの代わりに、分子量が750g/molのPBB(Poly(n−butylene biguanide))0.5wt%を用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBの代わりに、分子量が1300g/molのPHBを0.1wt%用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
分子量が900g/molのPHBの代わりに、分子量が1300g/molのPHBを0.2wt%用いた点を除けば、実施例1と同様の方法で水処理分離膜を製造した。
実施例1〜3、比較例1および2により製造された水処理分離膜は、3,200ppmのNaClと5ppmのボロンを含有する水溶液で800psiの圧力下で評価された。この時、生産水と原水の電気伝導度の差を測定してNaCl除去率を測定し、単位時間(5分)あたりに確保された生産水の体積を測定して透過流量を算出した。生産水と原水をICP−OESを用いてボロンの含有量の差を測定し、これによりボロン除去率を計算した。
Claims (9)
- 多孔性支持体と、前記多孔性支持体上に備えられたポリアミド活性層とを含む水処理分離膜において、
前記ポリアミド活性層の内部または表面に、下記化学式1で表され、重量平均分子量が600g/mol〜900g/molの重合体に由来する構造を含む水処理分離膜:
[化学式1]
R1およびR2は、水素であり、
Z1〜Z3は、NHであり、
A1およびA2は、NHであり、
nは、2、4、または6であり、
mは、2以上の整数であり、
n、およびmがそれぞれ2以上の場合、括弧内の構造は、互いに同一または異なり、
前記重合体に由来する構造とは、前記重合体の一部の官能基がポリアミド活性層の内部または表面に置換されて結合されたものを意味する。 - 前記重合体の含有量は、ポリアミド活性層に対して0.001wt%以上5wt%以下である、請求項1または2に記載の水処理分離膜。
- 前記重合体の含有量は、ポリアミド活性層に対して0.1wt%以上0.5wt%以下である、請求項1または2に記載の水処理分離膜。
- 前記ポリアミド活性層の内部および表面には、アルキレンオキシド構造およびオキサゾリン構造を含まない、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の水処理分離膜。
- 多孔性支持体を用意するステップと、
アミン化合物を含む水溶液およびアシルハライドを含む有機溶液の界面重合を利用して、前記多孔性支持体上にポリアミド活性層を形成するステップとを含み、
前記水溶液または前記有機溶液は、下記化学式1で表され、重量平均分子量が600g/mol〜900g/molの重合体を含むものである水処理分離膜の製造方法:
[化学式1]
R1およびR2は、水素であり、
Z1〜Z3は、NHであり、
A1およびA2は、NHであり、
nは、2、4、または6であり、
mは、2以上の整数であり、
n、およびmがそれぞれ2以上の場合、括弧内の構造は、互いに同一または異なる。 - 前記重合体の含有量は、前記水溶液または前記有機溶液に対して0.001wt%以上5wt%以下である、請求項6に記載の水処理分離膜の製造方法。
- 前記水溶液は、前記重合体を含むものである、請求項6に記載の水処理分離膜の製造方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載の水処理分離膜を含む水処理モジュール。
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