JP2018520179A - 1,1,1,2,2−ペンタフルオロプロパンの調製のためのプロセス - Google Patents
1,1,1,2,2−ペンタフルオロプロパンの調製のためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018520179A JP2018520179A JP2018501308A JP2018501308A JP2018520179A JP 2018520179 A JP2018520179 A JP 2018520179A JP 2018501308 A JP2018501308 A JP 2018501308A JP 2018501308 A JP2018501308 A JP 2018501308A JP 2018520179 A JP2018520179 A JP 2018520179A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- FDOPVENYMZRARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F FDOPVENYMZRARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000007033 dehydrochlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QJMGASHUZRHZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)CCl QJMGASHUZRHZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)=C OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005796 dehydrofluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- -1 WO2008 / 054781 Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZPIFKCVYZBVZIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CCCl ZPIFKCVYZBVZIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTACNSITJSJFHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane Chemical compound ClCCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UTACNSITJSJFHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWXJKYNZGFSVRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=CCl OWXJKYNZGFSVRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium dichromate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O JOSWYUNQBRPBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical class [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCMJBECJXQJLIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromium(6+);oxygen(2-);difluoride Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[F-].[F-].[Cr+6] QCMJBECJXQJLIL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cr+3] VQWFNAGFNGABOH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006704 dehydrohalogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012025 fluorinating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Inorganic materials [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxalate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
- C07C17/20—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
- C07C17/202—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms two or more compounds being involved in the reaction
- C07C17/206—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms two or more compounds being involved in the reaction the other compound being HX
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
- C07C17/20—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
- C07C17/21—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms with simultaneous increase of the number of halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/25—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by splitting-off hydrogen halides from halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/06—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/26—Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/22—Halogenating
- B01J37/26—Fluorinating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/07—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides
- C07C17/087—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by addition of hydrogen halides to unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/38—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C19/00—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C19/08—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing fluorine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00162—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/86—Chromium
- B01J23/866—Nickel and chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C21/00—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms
- C07C21/02—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C07C21/18—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds containing fluorine
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
一連の触媒(以下の表1を参照)を、243db脱塩化水素化についてスクリーニングした。試験触媒を、0.5〜1.4mmに粉砕し、2mLをInconel 625反応器(0.5インチOD×32cm)に充填した。触媒を、N2流(60ml/分)下で200℃にて少なくとも2時間予備乾燥した。活性炭を除いて、図示した全ての触媒を、以下の通りに前フッ素化した。HFを30ml/分で触媒上を通過させるとともに、窒素を300℃で60ml/分で1時間通過させた。窒素を、触媒上を通過するニートHFを放出する反応器出口に向かわせた。温度を360℃までゆっくりと上昇させて、この温度で10時間保持し、その後250℃に下げた。全ての実験は、大気圧及び指示された温度で行った。243dbの流量は、活性炭触媒では2ml/分であって、残りの触媒では、0.5〜約1ml/分であった。全ての実験は、HFが使用されない活性炭を除いて、243dbの流量を超過するHFの流量で行った。反応器のオフガスを採取し、脱イオン水を通してスクラビングし、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析した。243dbの1233xfへの転化及び選択性を表1に示す。
6.07gのインジウムドープクロミア触媒を、250℃及び3bargで、窒素(80ml/分)下において72時間にわたって乾燥した。この後に、触媒の2段階の前フッ素化が続いた。第1の段階では、触媒を窒素(80ml/分)及びHF(4ml/分)に250℃及び3bargでHFの通り抜けから最長4時間まで曝し、この時点で温度を25℃/分で300℃まで上昇させて、これを16時間保持した。第2段階では、窒素流量を、それが絶たれるまで段階的に減少させて、温度を25℃/分で380℃まで上昇させて、これを10時間保持した。HF流を停止させて、窒素(40ml/分)で置き換えて、温度を使用できる状態の250℃まで下げた。
Claims (42)
- 1,1,1,2,2−ペンタフルオロプロパン(245cb)を調製するためのプロセスであって、
1,1,1−トリフルオロ−2,3−ジクロロプロパン(243db)を含む組成物の気相触媒脱塩化水素化により、3,3,3−トリフルオロ−2−クロロ−プロパ−1−エン(CF3CCl=CH2、1233xf)、塩化水素(HCl)、及び任意に空気を含む中間組成物を生成することと、
前記中間組成物のフッ化水素(HF)を用いた気相触媒フッ素化により、245cb、HF、HCl、及び空気を含む反応器生成組成物を生成することと、を含み、
前記プロセスが、空気を同時供給しながら行われる、プロセス。 - 前記脱塩化水素化ステップが、第1の反応器で行われ、前記フッ素化ステップが、第2の反応器で行われる、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスに同時供給される空気の量が、有機物の量に基づいて(例えば、1233xfの量に基づいて)、約0.1〜約500モル%である、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスに同時供給される空気の量が、約1〜約200モル%、好ましくは約2〜約100モル%である、請求項3に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスに同時供給される空気の量が、約5〜約100モル%、好ましくは約10〜約100モル%である、請求項4に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスに同時供給される空気の量が、約15〜約95モル%、好ましくは約20〜約90モル%、例えば、約25〜約85モル%である、請求項5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記空気が、前記フッ素化ステップのための前記第2の反応器に同時供給される、請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記空気が、前記脱塩化水素化ステップのための前記第1の反応器に同時供給され、前記中間組成物が空気を含有する、請求項2〜7のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 空気が、第1及び第2の反応器の両方に同時供給され、前記第1の反応器に同時供給される空気の量が、前記第2の反応器に同時供給される空気の量よりも、モル基準で少ない、請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の反応器に同時供給される空気の量が、前記第2の反応器に同時供給される空気の量の2分の1未満、好ましくは前記第2の反応器に同時供給される空気の量の4分の1未満、例えば前記第2の反応器に同時供給される空気の量の10分の1未満である、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 前記中間組成物が、前記第1の反応器を出て、前記第2の反応器に直接供給される、請求項2〜10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 1,1,1,2,2−ペンタフルオロプロパン(245cb)を調製するためのプロセスであって、
1,1,1−トリフルオロ−2,3−ジクロロプロパン(243db)を含む組成物の第1の反応器における気相触媒脱塩化水素化により、3,3,3−トリフルオロ−2−クロロ−プロパ−1−エン(CF3CCl=CH2、1233xf)及び塩化水素(HCl)を含む中間組成物を生成することと、
前記中間組成物の第2の反応器におけるフッ化水素(HF)を用いた気相触媒フッ素化により、245cb、HF、HCl、及び空気を含む反応器生成組成物を生成することと、を含み、
前記プロセスが、前記第2の反応器へ空気を同時供給しながら行われる、プロセス。 - 前記第2の反応器に同時供給される空気の量が、有機物の量に基づいて(例えば、1233xfの量に基づいて)、約0.1〜約400モル%である、請求項12に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第2の反応器に同時供給される空気の量が、約1〜約200モル%、好ましくは約2または5または10モル%〜約100モル%である、請求項13に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第2の反応器に同時供給される空気の量が、約15〜約95モル%、好ましくは約20〜約90モル%、例えば約25〜約85モル%である、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 空気が前記第1の反応器に更に同時供給され、前記中間組成物が、空気を更に含む、請求項12〜15のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の反応器に同時供給される空気の量が、有機物の量に基づいて(例えば、243dbの量に基づいて)、約0.1〜約100モル%、好ましくは約0.2〜50モル%である、請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の反応器に同時供給される空気の量が、約0.3〜約20モル%、好ましくは約0.4〜5または10モル%である、請求項17に記載のプロセス。
- 前記中間組成物が、前記第1の反応器を出て、前記第2の反応器に直接供給される、請求項12〜18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記243dbの触媒脱塩化水素化が、HFの存在下で行われ、前記中間組成物が、HFを更に含有する、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記243dbを含む組成物が、HFを、約0.5:1〜約40:1、好ましくは約1:1〜約15:1のHF:243dbのモル比で更に含有する、請求項20に記載のプロセス。
- 約1:1〜約45:1、好ましくは約2:1〜約20:1、または約3:1〜約15:1の前記第2の反応器におけるHF:1233xfのモル比、任意にHFの更なる供給が、前記第2の反応器に提供される、請求項2〜20のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記空気が、同時供給される前に圧縮される、請求項1〜22のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記空気が、同時供給される前に乾燥される、請求項1〜23のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応器生成組成物が、245cb及びHFを含む流れと、HCl及び空気を含む流れとに分離される、請求項1〜24のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記245cb及びHFを含む流れが、245cbを豊富に含む流れとHFを豊富に含む流れとに分離される、請求項25に記載のプロセス。
- 前記245cbを豊富に含む流れが、残留HFが前記245cbを豊富に含む流れから実質的に除去され、HFを実質的に含まない245cbを豊富に含む流れを生成するスクラビングステップを受ける、請求項26に記載のプロセス。
- 前記245cbが、存在するいずれの更なるフルオロカーボンからも分離され、実質的に純粋な245cb生成物を生成する、請求項1〜27のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒脱塩化水素化が、約200〜約450℃の温度かつ約0.1〜約30baraの圧力で、好ましくは約250〜約380℃の温度かつ1〜約20baraの圧力で、より好ましくは約300〜約350℃の温度かつ5〜約20baraの圧力で行われる、請求項1〜28のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒脱塩化水素化が、活性炭、ゼロ価金属、金属酸化物、金属オキシハライド、金属ハロゲン化物、または上記の混合物を含む、バルク型または担持型触媒の存在下で行われる、請求項1〜29のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記金属が、遷移金属、アルカリ土類金属、またはアルミニウムである、請求項30に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒が、クロミア、好ましくは亜鉛/クロミア触媒に基づく、請求項30または31に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒フッ素化が、約200〜約450℃の温度かつ約0.1〜約30baraの圧力で、好ましくは約250〜約420℃の温度かつ1〜約20baraの圧力で、より好ましくは約300〜約380℃の温度かつ5〜約20baraの圧力で行われる、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒フッ素化が、活性炭、ゼロ価金属、金属酸化物、金属オキシハライド、金属ハロゲン化物、または上記の混合物を含む、バルク型または担持型触媒の存在下で行われる、請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記金属が、遷移金属、アルカリ土類金属、またはアルミニウムである、請求項34に記載のプロセス。
- 前記触媒が、クロミア、好ましくは亜鉛/クロミア触媒に基づく、請求項34または35に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応器生成組成物中の前記HFが、前記243db及びHFを含む組成物の前記触媒脱塩化水素化に少なくとも部分的に再利用される、請求項1〜36のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記HFを豊富に含む流れ中の前記HFが、前記243db及びHFを含む組成物の前記触媒脱塩化水素化に再利用される、請求項26に記載のプロセス。
- 前記HFを豊富に含む流れが、HFの流れと有機物の流れとに分離され、前記HFの流れが、前記243db及びHFを含む組成物の前記触媒脱塩化水素化に再利用される、請求項38に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応器生成組成物が、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン(1234yf)を更に含有する、請求項1〜39のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記245cbを脱フッ化水素化反応器に供給して、2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン(1234yf)及びHFを含む脱フッ化水素化生成物を生成することを更に含む、請求項1〜40のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記245cbが、気相において1234yfに触媒的に脱フッ化水素化される、請求項40に記載のプロセス。
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