JP2017517834A - セパレータの製造方法、その方法で形成されたセパレータ、及びそれを含む電気化学素子 - Google Patents
セパレータの製造方法、その方法で形成されたセパレータ、及びそれを含む電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、前記製造方法によって得られたセパレータを提供することを他の目的とする。
また、本発明は、前記セパレータを備える電気化学素子を提供することをさらに他の目的とする。
無機物粒子、バインダー高分子及び水系媒質を含む水系スラリーを準備する段階と、
前記水系スラリーを多孔性高分子基材の少なくとも一面上に塗布して有機−無機複合多孔性コーティング層を形成する段階と、を含み、
前記水系スラリーのキャピラリー数 (Capillary number, Ca)が0.3〜65であるセパレータの製造方法を提供する:
前記キャピラリー数は、下記の数式1によって決められる:
<数式1>
キャピラリー数(Ca)=(μ×U)/σ
式中、
μ=粘度(kgf・s/m2)
U=コーティング速度(m/s)
σ=表面張力(kgf/m)である。
一態様によれば、カソード、アノード、及び前記カソードとアノードとの間に介した前記セパレータを備える電気化学素子を提供する。
一具現例によれば、前記電気化学素子は、リチウム二次電池であり得る。
前記水系スラリーのキャピラリー数(Capillary number)は、下記の数式1によって決められる。
<数式1>
キャピラリー数(Ca)=(μ×U)/σ
式中、μは粘度(kgf・s/m2)であり、Uはコーティング速度(m/s)であり、σは表面張力(kgf/m)である。
このような添加剤によって、前記水系スラリーの表面張力は0.0015〜0.007kgf/mの範囲に調節され得る。
前記水系スラリーを用いてコーティングされる多孔性高分子基材としては、多孔性高分子フィルム基材または多孔性高分子不織布基材が挙げられる。
前記多孔性高分子フィルム基材の材質や形態は、目的によって多様に選択することができる。
無機物として、粒度500nmサイズのベーマイト(γ−AlO(OH))(Nabaltec社、Apyral AOH60)、バインダー高分子として、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)(JSR社、TRD102A)、増粘剤としてカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)(Daicel Chemical Industry社、1220)を、90:6:4の割合で混合し、水に50℃で約3時間以上溶解し、その後、12時間以上ボールミル(ball mill)法を用いて無機物粒子を破砕及び分散して固形分30%水準の水系スラリーを製造した。製造したスラリーの表面張力を低めるために、乳化剤(Dow Corning社、67additive)をスラリー重量の0.1%で追加した。製造されたスラリーの粘度は0.007kgf・s/m2であり、表面張力は0.0025kgf/mであった。
前記実施例1でコーティング速度を1.5m/secに変更したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の過程を行いスラリー及びセパレータを製造した。前記条件におけるキャピラリー数は4.2であり、製造されたセパレータは幅方向に偏差1μm以下の均一な厚さを確保することができた。
前記実施例2でスラリーの組成を85:10:5に変更したことを除いては、前記実施例2と同様の過程を行いスラリー及びセパレータを製造した。前記条件におけるキャピラリー数は24.0であり、製造されたセパレータは幅方向に偏差1μm以下の均一な厚さを確保することができた。
前記実施例1で乳化剤を使わないことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の過程を行いスラリー及びセパレータを製造した。前記条件におけるキャピラリー数は0.23であった。コーティング工程でリビュレット(rivulet)現象が発生し、基材の幅全面に均一な多孔性コーティング層を形成することができなかった。
Claims (21)
- セパレータの製造方法であって、
無機物粒子、バインダー高分子、及び水系媒質を含む水系スラリーを準備する段階と、
前記水系スラリーを多孔性高分子基材の少なくとも一面上に塗布して有機−無機複合多孔性コーティング層を形成する段階とを含んでなり、
前記水系スラリーのキャピラリー数が0.3〜65であり、
前記キャピラリー数が、下記数式1によって決められることを特徴とする、セパレータの製造方法。
キャピラリー数(Ca)=(μ×U)/σ (数式1)
〔上記式中、
μは粘度(kgf・s/m2)であり、
Uはコーティング速度(m/s)であり、
σは表面張力(kgf/m)である。〕 - 前記キャピラリー数Caが、0.4〜45であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記粘度μが、0.005〜0.05(kgf・s/m2)であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記コーティング速度Uが、0.15〜2.0(m/s)であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記表面張力σが、0.0015〜0.005(kgf/m)であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記水系媒質が、水、又はアルコールと水との混合媒であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記多孔性高分子基材が、多孔性高分子フィルム基材又は多孔性高分子不織布基材であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記多孔性高分子フィルム基材が、ポリオレフィン系多孔性高分子フィルム基材であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記ポリオレフィン系多孔性高分子フィルム基材が、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブチレン及びポリペンテンからなる群より選択された一種以上の高分子で形成されたことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記多孔性高分子基材の厚さが5〜50μmであり、
前記多孔性高分子基材の気孔サイズが0.01〜50μmであり、及び
前記多孔性高分子基材の気孔度が10〜95%であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。 - 前記有機−無機複合多孔性コーティング層を形成する段階がスロットコーティング方法で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記有機−無機複合多孔性コーティング層を形成する段階が、ディップコーティング方法で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記無機物粒子の平均粒径が、0.001〜10μmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記無機物粒子が、誘電率が5以上である無機物粒子、リチウムイオン伝達能力を有する無機物粒子及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選択された無機物粒子であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記誘電率が5以上である無機物粒子が、BaTiO3, Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、Pb1-xLaxZr1-yTiyO3(PLZT,0<x<1,0<y<1)、Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3(PMN−PT)、ハフニア(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、SiO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、ベーマイト(γ−AlO(OH))、SiC及びTiO2からなる群より選択されたいずれか一種の無機物粒子又はこれらの二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記リチウムイオン伝達能力を有する無機物粒子が、リチウムホスフェート(Li3PO4)、リチウムチタンホスフェート(LixTiy(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムアルミニウムチタンホスフェート(LixAlyTiz(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<1、0<z<3)、(LiAlTiP)xOy系ガラス(0<x<4、0<y<13)、リチウムランタンチタネート(LixLayTiO3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムゲルマニウムチオホスフェート(LixGeyPzSw、0<x<4、0<y<1、0<z<1、0<w<5)、リチウムナイトライド(LixNy、0<x<4、0<y<2)、SiS2系ガラス(LixSiySz、0<x<3、0<y<2、0<z<4)及びP2S5系ガラス(LixPySz、0<x<3、0<y<3、0<z<7)からなる群より選択された何れか一種の無機物粒子又はこれらの二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記無機物粒子とバインダー高分子との重量比が、50:50〜99:1であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 前記バインダー高分子が、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)系、及びアクリレート系からなる群より選択された一種又はこれらの混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のセパレータの製造方法。
- 請求項1〜18の何れか一項に記載の製造方法によって得られた、セパレータ。
- カソードと、アノードと、及び前記カソードと前記アノードとの間に介した前記請求項19に記載のセパレータとを備えてなる、電気化学素子。
- 前記電気化学素子が、リチウム二次電池であることを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の電気化学素子。
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| KR101707193B1 (ko) | 2017-02-27 |
| EP3043403A4 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| KR20150114276A (ko) | 2015-10-12 |
| CN105814711A (zh) | 2016-07-27 |
| US10910620B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| US20160226051A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 |
| CN105814711B (zh) | 2018-09-11 |
| PL3043403T3 (pl) | 2019-04-30 |
| EP3043403A1 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| US10158111B2 (en) | 2018-12-18 |
| EP3043403B1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
| TWI591880B (zh) | 2017-07-11 |
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