JP2017083832A - 表示装置 - Google Patents
表示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2017083832A JP2017083832A JP2016207527A JP2016207527A JP2017083832A JP 2017083832 A JP2017083832 A JP 2017083832A JP 2016207527 A JP2016207527 A JP 2016207527A JP 2016207527 A JP2016207527 A JP 2016207527A JP 2017083832 A JP2017083832 A JP 2017083832A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- liquid crystal
- film
- oxide semiconductor
- terminal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
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- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
- G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of 2D relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
- G06F3/03545—Pens or stylus
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- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
- H01L27/1222—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer
- H01L27/1225—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer with semiconductor materials not belonging to the group IV of the periodic table, e.g. InGaZnO
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
- H01L27/1255—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs integrated with passive devices, e.g. auxiliary capacitors
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133305—Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
-
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133345—Insulating layers
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
- G02F1/13398—Spacer materials; Spacer properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134336—Matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/13624—Active matrix addressed cells having more than one switching element per pixel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/7869—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film having a semiconductor body comprising an oxide semiconductor material, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide, cadmium stannate
Abstract
【解決手段】コレステリック液晶を用いた液晶素子に対する容量素子の接続状態を外部から制御可能にすることで、で表示を残したり、切り替えができるようしたりすることが可能になる。液晶素子に対する容量素子の接続状態はトランジスタをスイッチング素子として用いることが可能である。また、トランジスタとして酸化物半導体を用いたトランジスタとすることでリークを低減し、容量素子の電圧保持が良好になる。
【選択図】図1
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である、表示装置の構成例について説明を行う。
表示装置は複数の画素を有する。図1に表示装置が有する代表的な画素100の構成例を示す。図1に示す画素100は、トランジスタTr1と、トランジスタTr2と、トランジスタTr3と、液晶素子LC1と、容量素子C1と、容量素子C2とを有する。
本実施の形態ではコレステリック液晶の液晶素子を用いた表示装置を例として説明する。図6(A)乃至(C)にコレステリック液晶の配向の概略図を示す。図6(A)乃至(C)はコレステリック液晶152を基板154、156で挟持した状態の断面を模式的に示したものである。コレステリック液晶152は図6(A)に示すように棒状の液晶分子がらせん軸158(一点鎖線で図示)を中心にして分子の配向を少しずつ同じ方向にねじれながら配向する、らせん構造を有する。
<画素の動作例、タイミングチャート>
<画素部と駆動回路の構成例>
図8には、本発明の一態様である表示装置700の構成を説明するためのブロック図を示す。
次いで上記で説明した表示装置の画素の上面図の一例、および断面図の一例について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である、表示装置の構成の別の例について説明を行う。
実施の形態1の図1の回路は外部からの応力による画素への書き込みが可能か不可能かを制御するための回路であるが、さらに外部からの応力による入力情報を読み取って、出力することが可能となる回路を付加した例と、その動作方法の例を図13乃至図18を用いて説明する。
<液晶表示装置の断面構成例>
図19(A)に、液晶表示装置300の上面図を示し、図19(C)に、図19(A)における一点鎖線A−B間、一点鎖線C−D間及び一点鎖線E−F間の断面図を示す。
図19(C)に示すように、液晶表示装置300は、基板211上に、トランジスタ201_a、トランジスタ203_a乃至203_c、接続部205_a、及び液晶素子207_a等を有する。図19(C)では、表示部301の例として、1つの画素の断面を示している。
図19(A)では、液晶表示装置300が、ゲート線駆動回路302、データ線駆動回路304、を有する例を示すが、本発明の一態様はこれに限られない。液晶表示装置300は、ゲート線駆動回路、データ線駆動回路、の全てを有していなくてもよいし、いずれか一以上を有していてもよい。
トランジスタ201_a、203_a乃至203_cは、ゲート電極221、絶縁膜215、絶縁膜213、酸化物半導体膜223、ソース電極225_a、及びドレイン電極225_bを有する。
液晶素子207_aは、コレステリック液晶が適用された液晶素子である。液晶素子207_aは、導電膜251、導電膜252、及び液晶249を有する。導電膜251と導電膜252との間に生じる電界により、液晶249の配向を制御することができる。導電膜251は、画素電極として機能することができる。導電膜252は、共通電極として機能することができる。導電膜252には、例えば図示しない導電性材料を利用して導電膜252と導電膜231を電気的に接続することにより、下記に示すFPC269を介して外部から電圧を付与することが可能となる。
接続部205_aは、ゲート線駆動回路302に外部からの信号(ビデオ信号、クロック信号、スタート信号、又はリセット信号等)や電位を伝達する外部入力端子と電気的に接続する。ここでは、外部入力端子としてFPC269を設ける例を示している。
基板261には、遮光膜243、及び絶縁膜245が設けられている。図19(C)では、基板261の厚さが基板211の厚さよりも薄い例を示すが、本発明の一態様はこれに限られない。基板261と基板211は、一方が他方よりも薄くてもよいし、同一の厚さであってもよい。
なお、基板211及び基板261の液晶249と接する表面には、配向膜が設けられていてもよい。配向膜は、液晶249の配向を制御することができる。例えば、図19(C)において、導電膜252を覆う配向膜を形成してもよい。また、図19(C)において、絶縁膜245と液晶249の間に、配向膜を有していてもよい。また、絶縁膜245が、配向膜としての機能と、オーバーコートとしての機能の双方を有していてもよい。
また、液晶表示装置300は、スペーサ247を有する。スペーサ247は、基板211と基板261との距離が一定以上近づくことを防ぐ機能を有する。
基板211及び基板261は、接着層265によって貼り合わされている。基板211、基板261、及び接着層265に囲まれた領域に、液晶249が封止されている。
なお、液晶表示装置300を、透過型の液晶表示装置として機能させる場合、必要に応じて偏光板を、表示部を挟むように2つ配置してもよい。偏光板よりも外側に配置された光源からの光は偏光板を介して入射される。このとき、導電膜251と導電膜252の間に与える電圧によって液晶249の配向を制御し、光の光学変調を制御することができる。すなわち、偏光板を介して射出される光の強度を制御することができる。
なお、トランジスタはゲート電極221以外に、ゲートとして機能することができる導電膜を有していてもよい。
接着層265としては、熱硬化樹脂や光硬化樹脂、2液混合型の硬化性樹脂などの硬化性樹脂を用いることができる。例えば、アクリル酸エステル、ウレタン結合、エポキシ基、あるいはシロキサン結合を有する樹脂などを用いることができる。
接続体としては、例えば、異方性導電フィルム(ACF:Anisotropic Conductive Film)や、異方性導電ペースト(ACP:Anisotropic Conductive Paste)などを用いることができる。
遮光膜は、隣接する着色膜の間に設けられている。遮光膜としては、例えば、金属材料、顔料又は染料を含む樹脂材料を用いてブラックマトリクスを形成すればよい。なお、遮光膜は、駆動回路部など、表示部以外の領域にも設けると、導波光などによる意図しない光漏れを抑制できるため好ましい。
本実施の形態では、酸化物半導体について図21乃至図25を用いて説明する。
以下では、酸化物半導体の構造について説明する。
まずは、CAAC−OSについて説明する。
次に、nc−OSについて説明する。
a−like OSは、nc−OSと非晶質酸化物半導体との間の構造を有する酸化物半導体である。
次に、酸化物半導体のキャリア密度について、以下に説明を行う。
(実施の形態5)
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明した液晶表示装置を用いて作製される電子機器の具体例について、図26乃至図28を用いて説明する。
以上の実施の形態、および実施の形態における各構成の説明について、以下に付記する。
各実施の形態に示す構成は、他の実施の形態に示す構成と適宜組み合わせて、本発明の一態様とすることができる。また、1つの実施の形態の中に、複数の構成例が示される場合は、互い構成例を適宜組み合わせることが可能である。
本明細書等において、「上に」、「下に」などの配置を示す語句は、構成同士の位置関係を、図面を参照して説明するために、便宜上用いている。構成同士の位置関係は、各構成を描写する方向に応じて適宜変化する。そのため、配置を示す語句は、明細書で説明した記載に限定されず、状況に応じて適切に言い換えることができる。
本明細書等において、トランジスタの接続関係を説明する際、ソースとドレインとの一方を、「ソースまたはドレインの一方」(または第1電極、または第1端子)と表記し、ソースとドレインとの他方を「ソースまたはドレインの他方」(または第2電極、または第2端子)と表記している。これは、トランジスタのソースとドレインは、トランジスタの構造または動作条件等によって変わるためである。なおトランジスタのソースとドレインの呼称については、ソース(ドレイン)端子や、ソース(ドレイン)電極等、状況に応じて適切に言い換えることができる。
以下では、上記実施の形態中で言及しなかった語句の定義について説明する。
本明細書等において、スイッチとは、導通状態(オン状態)、または、非導通状態(オフ状態)になり、電流を流すか流さないかを制御する機能を有するものをいう。または、スイッチとは、電流を流す経路を選択して切り替える機能を有するものをいう。
本明細書等において、チャネル長とは、例えば、トランジスタの上面図において、半導体(またはトランジスタがオン状態のときに半導体の中で電流の流れる部分)とゲートとが重なる領域、またはチャネルが形成される領域における、ソースとドレインとの間の距離をいう。
本明細書等において、チャネル幅とは、例えば、半導体(またはトランジスタがオン状態のときに半導体の中で電流の流れる部分)とゲート電極とが重なる領域、またはチャネルが形成される領域における、ソースとドレインとが向かい合っている部分の長さをいう。
本明細書等において、画素とは、例えば、明るさを制御できる要素一つ分を示すものとする。よって、一例としては、一画素とは、一つの色要素を示すものとし、その色要素一つで明るさを表現する。従って、そのときは、R(赤)G(緑)B(青)の色要素からなるカラー表示装置の場合には、画像の最小単位は、Rの画素とGの画素とBの画素との三画素から構成されるものとする。
本明細書等において、発光素子104などの表示素子とは、電気的作用または磁気的作用により、コントラスト、輝度、反射率、透過率などが変化する表示媒体を有するものである。表示素子の一例としては、EL(エレクトロルミネッセンス)素子、LEDチップ(白色LEDチップ、赤色LEDチップ、緑色LEDチップ、青色LEDチップなど)、トランジスタ(電流に応じて発光するトランジスタ)、電子放出素子、カーボンナノチューブを用いた表示素子、液晶素子、電子インク、エレクトロウェッティング素子、電気泳動素子、プラズマディスプレイパネル(PDP)、MEMS(マイクロ・エレクトロ・メカニカル・システム)を用いた表示素子(例えば、グレーティングライトバルブ(GLV)、デジタルマイクロミラーデバイス(DMD)、DMS(デジタル・マイクロ・シャッター)、MIRASOL(登録商標)、IMOD(インターフェロメトリック・モジュレーション)素子、シャッター方式のMEMS表示素子、光干渉方式のMEMS表示素子、圧電セラミックディスプレイなど)、カーボンナノチューブ、または、量子ドットなど、がある。EL素子を用いた表示装置の一例としては、ELディスプレイなどがある。電子放出素子を用いた表示装置の一例としては、フィールドエミッションディスプレイ(FED)又はSED方式平面型ディスプレイ(SED:Surface−conduction Electron−emitter Display)などがある。液晶素子を用いた表示装置の一例としては、液晶ディスプレイ(透過型液晶ディスプレイ、半透過型液晶ディスプレイ、反射型液晶ディスプレイ、直視型液晶ディスプレイ、投射型液晶ディスプレイ)などがある。電子インク、電子粉流体(登録商標)、又は電気泳動素子を用いた表示装置の一例としては、電子ペーパーなどがある。量子ドットを各画素に用いた表示装置の一例としては、量子ドットディスプレイなどがある。なお、量子ドットは、表示素子としてではなく、バックライトの一部に設けてもよい。量子ドットを用いることにより、色純度の高い表示を行うことができる。なお、半透過型液晶ディスプレイや反射型液晶ディスプレイを実現する場合には、画素電極の一部、または、全部が、反射電極としての機能を有するようにすればよい。例えば、画素電極の一部、または、全部が、アルミニウム、銀、などを有するようにすればよい。さらに、その場合、反射電極の下に、SRAMなどの記憶回路を設けることも可能である。これにより、さらに、消費電力を低減することができる。なお、LEDチップを用いる場合、LEDチップの電極や窒化物半導体の下に、グラフェンやグラファイトを配置してもよい。グラフェンやグラファイトは、複数の層を重ねて、多層膜としてもよい。このように、グラフェンやグラファイトを設けることにより、その上に、窒化物半導体、例えば、結晶を有するn型GaN半導体層などを容易に成膜することができる。さらに、その上に、結晶を有するp型GaN半導体層などを設けて、LEDチップを構成することができる。なお、グラフェンやグラファイトと、結晶を有するn型GaN半導体層との間に、AlN層を設けてもよい。なお、LEDチップが有するGaN半導体層は、MOCVDで成膜してもよい。ただし、グラフェンを設けることにより、LEDチップが有するGaN半導体層は、スパッタ法で成膜することも可能である。また、MEMS(マイクロ・エレクトロ・メカニカル・システム)を用いた表示素子においては、表示素子が封止されている空間(例えば、表示素子が配置されている素子基板と、素子基板に対向して配置されている対向基板との間)に、乾燥剤を配置してもよい。乾燥剤を配置することにより、MEMSなどが水分によって動きにくくなることや、劣化しやすくなることを防止することができる。
本明細書等において、AとBとが接続されている、とは、AとBとが直接接続されているものの他、電気的に接続されているものを含むものとする。ここで、AとBとが電気的に接続されているとは、AとBとの間で、何らかの電気的作用を有する対象物が存在するとき、AとBとの電気信号の授受を可能とするものをいう。
10b 画素
31_a 導電膜
31_b 導電膜
31_c 導電膜
31_d 導電膜
31_e 導電膜
31_f 導電膜
31_g 導電膜
32_a 半導体膜
32_b 半導体膜
32_c 半導体膜
33_a 導電膜
33_b 導電膜
33_c 導電膜
33_d 導電膜
33_e 導電膜
33_f 導電膜
33_g 導電膜
33_h 導電膜
33_i 導電膜
35_a 開口部
35_b 開口部
35_c 開口部
35_d 開口部
35_e 開口部
35_f 開口部
36 導電膜
40 画素部
51 基板
52_a 絶縁膜
52_b 絶縁膜
53_a 絶縁膜
53_b 絶縁膜
54 絶縁膜
55 絶縁膜
100 画素
104 発光素子
110 駆動回路
120 駆動回路
152 コレステリック液晶
154 基板
156 基板
158 軸
162 表示装置
164 プレーナ状態部
166 スタイラスペン
167 領域
200 表示装置
201_a トランジスタ
202 領域
203_a トランジスタ
203_c トランジスタ
203a トランジスタ
204 領域
205_a 接続部
207_a 液晶素子
211 基板
213 絶縁膜
215 絶縁膜
217 絶縁膜
219 絶縁膜
221 ゲート電極
223 酸化物半導体膜
225_a ソース電極
225_b ドレイン電極
226 導電膜
227 酸化物導電膜
231 導電膜
233 導電膜
243 遮光膜
245 絶縁膜
247 スペーサ
249 液晶
251 導電膜
252 導電膜
253 絶縁膜
261 基板
265 接着層
267 接続体
268 IC
269 FPC
300 液晶表示装置
301 表示部
302 ゲート線駆動回路
303 画素
304 データ線駆動回路
700 表示装置
702 表示部
704 ゲート線駆動回路
706 データ線駆動回路
708 検出回路
710 回路ユニット
712 タイミングコントローラ
714 画像処理回路
716 演算装置
718 記憶装置
800 表示装置
802 表示部
804 端子部
806 接着部
808 端子
810 書籍
812 リーダーライター
1400 電子ペーパー
1401 制御部
1402 表示部
1403 操作ボタン
1404 領域
1406 領域
Claims (3)
- 第1乃至第3のトランジスタと、第1及び第2の容量素子と、液晶素子と、第1乃至第4の配線と、を有し、
前記第1のトランジスタの第1端子は、前記第1の配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第1のトランジスタの第2端子は、前記第3のトランジスタの第1端子に電気的に接続され、
前記第1のトランジスタのゲートは、前記第2の配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第2のトランジスタの第1端子は、前記第3の配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第2のトランジスタの第2端子は、前記第3のトランジスタのゲートに電気的に接続され、
前記第2のトランジスタのゲートは、前記第4の配線に電気的に接続され、
前記第3のトランジスタの第1端子は、前記第1のトランジスタの第2端子に電気的に接続され、
前記液晶素子の第1端子は、前記第1のトランジスタの第2端子に電気的に接続され、
前記液晶素子の第2端子には、第1の電圧が与えられ、
前記第1の容量素子の第1端子は、前記第3のトランジスタの第2端子に電気的に接続され、
前記第1の容量素子の第2端子には、第2の電圧が与えられ、
前記第2の容量素子の第1端子は、前記第2のトランジスタの第2端子に電気的に接続され、
前記第2の容量素子の第2端子は、前記第2の電圧が与えられることを特徴とする表示装置。 - コレステリック液晶を有する表示装置であって、
表示装置は入力手段を有し、
表示装置は第1の表示モードと第2の表示モードを有し、
前記第1の表示モードは、表示領域において第1の表示領域と第2の表示領域を有し、
前記第1の表示領域は、第1の表示状態と、前記入力手段によって入力された情報を前記第1の表示状態に追加して表示する第2の表示状態とを表示することが可能であり、
第2の表示領域は前記第1の表示状態のみを表示する領域であり、
前記第2の表示モードは、前記入力手段によって入力された情報を、表示領域全体において、前記第1の表示状態に追加して表示することが可能であることを特徴とする表示装置。 - コレステリック液晶に電界を印加することで前記コレステリック液晶の配向を変化させることが可能な液晶素子を画素として利用した表示装置であり、
スタイラスペンで応力を付与し、前記応力が付与された部分の配向をフォーカルコニック状態からプレーナ状態に変化させて前記コレステリック液晶の反射率を変化させることで表示を行う方法を用いる表示装置であって、
応力により前記プレーナ状態に変化する領域と、前記液晶素子に電界を印加することで前記応力が加わってもフォーカルコニック状態が維持される領域の両方の領域を有することが可能であることを特徴とする表示装置。
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