JP2016538120A - アルケンを気相酸化して不飽和アルデヒド及び/又は不飽和カルボン酸にするための、機械的に安定な中空円筒形触媒成形体 - Google Patents
アルケンを気相酸化して不飽和アルデヒド及び/又は不飽和カルボン酸にするための、機械的に安定な中空円筒形触媒成形体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016538120A JP2016538120A JP2016529945A JP2016529945A JP2016538120A JP 2016538120 A JP2016538120 A JP 2016538120A JP 2016529945 A JP2016529945 A JP 2016529945A JP 2016529945 A JP2016529945 A JP 2016529945A JP 2016538120 A JP2016538120 A JP 2016538120A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molded body
- hollow cylindrical
- catalyst
- range
- catalyst molded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000007934 α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 12
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- STNJBCKSHOAVAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrolein Chemical compound CC(=C)C=O STNJBCKSHOAVAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate;nonahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SZQUEWJRBJDHSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSQUFRGBXGXOHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(iii) nitrate Chemical compound [Co].O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O QSQUFRGBXGXOHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGHSTPNOXKDLKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;hydrate Chemical class O.O[N+]([O-])=O FGHSTPNOXKDLKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- MSBGPEACXKBQSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-fluorophenyl) carbonochloridate Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(OC(Cl)=O)C=C1 MSBGPEACXKBQSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003276 Apios tuberosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010744 Arachis villosulicarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000606545 Biplex Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical class [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M [(1s,2s)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl]-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;chlororuthenium(1+);1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound [Ru+]Cl.CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)[N-][C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021486 amorphous silicon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUFUCDNVOXXQQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azane;hydroxy-(hydroxy(dioxo)molybdenio)oxy-dioxomolybdenum Chemical compound N.N.O[Mo](=O)(=O)O[Mo](O)(=O)=O XUFUCDNVOXXQQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001482 bismuth subnitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRHMVHKRCQUIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth;nitrate;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Bi+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O CRHMVHKRCQUIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFQLIVQUKOIJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) formate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O PFQLIVQUKOIJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGCYGKRWXWQOAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobismuthanyl nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Bi]=O OGCYGKRWXWQOAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGWDKKHSDXWPET-UHFFFAOYSA-E pentabismuth;oxygen(2-);nonahydroxide;tetranitrate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGWDKKHSDXWPET-UHFFFAOYSA-E 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010289 potassium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004304 potassium nitrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- VXPLXMJHHKHSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propham Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 VXPLXMJHHKHSOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/888—Tungsten
- B01J23/8885—Tungsten containing also molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/887—Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/8876—Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/0018—Mixed oxides or hydroxides
- C01G49/0036—Mixed oxides or hydroxides containing one alkaline earth metal, magnesium or lead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G51/00—Compounds of cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/495—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum or tungsten oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. vanadates, niobates, tantalates, molybdates or tungstates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
- C04B35/62655—Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
- C04B35/62675—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering characterised by the treatment temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62685—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures characterised by the order of addition of constituents or additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/33—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties
- C07C45/34—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds
- C07C45/35—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds in propene or isobutene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
- C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C51/25—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C51/252—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring of propene, butenes, acrolein or methacrolein
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/31—Density
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/04—Mixing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3256—Molybdenum oxides, molybdates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. cadmium molybdate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3258—Tungsten oxides, tungstates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/326—Tungstates, e.g. scheelite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3275—Cobalt oxides, cobaltates or cobaltites or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bismuth cobaltate, zinc cobaltite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3298—Bismuth oxides, bismuthates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc bismuthate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/443—Nitrates or nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5409—Particle size related information expressed by specific surface values
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5427—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5445—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof submicron sized, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/604—Pressing at temperatures other than sintering temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/608—Green bodies or pre-forms with well-defined density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/95—Products characterised by their size, e.g. microceramics
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(i)ADは、3.5〜4.5mmの範囲にあり、
(ii)下記等式による比率q:
かつ
下記等式による比率p:
X1は、ニッケル及び/又はコバルトであり、
X2は、タリウム、アルカリ金属、及び/又はアルカリ土類金属であり、
X3は、亜鉛、リン、ヒ素、ホウ素、アンチモン、スズ、セリウム、鉛、バナジウム、クロム、及び/又はタングステンであり、
X4は、ケイ素、アルミニウム、チタン、及び/又はジルコニウムであり、
aは、0.2〜5の範囲の数であり、
bは、0.01〜10の範囲の数であり、
cは、0〜10の範囲の数であり、
dは、0〜2の範囲の数であり、
eは、0〜8の範囲の数であり、
fは、0〜10の範囲の数であり、かつ
nは、式(I)中の酸素とは異なる元素の価数と頻度によって特定される数であり、
又は式(II)に相当し得る:
Y2は、モリブデン若しくはタングステン、又はモリブデン及びタングステンであり、
Y3は、アルカリ金属、タリウム、及び/又はサマリウムであり、
Y4は、アルカリ土類金属、ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン、亜鉛、スズ、カドミウム、及び/又は水銀であり、
Y5は、鉄、又は鉄とバナジウム、クロム、及びセリウムの元素のうち少なくとも1種であり、
Y6は、リン、ヒ素、ホウ素、アンチモン、及び/又はビスマスであり、
Y7は、希土類金属、チタン、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、タンタル、レニウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、銅、銀、金、アルミニウム、ガリウム、インジウム、ケイ素、ゲルマニウム、鉛、トリウム、及び/又はウランであり、
Y8は、モリブデン若しくはタングステン、又はモリブデン及びタングステンであり、
a’は、0.01〜8の範囲の数であり、
b’は、0.1〜30の範囲の数であり、
c’は、0〜4の範囲の数であり、
d’は、0〜20の範囲の数であり、
e’は、0〜20の範囲にある0より大きい数であり、
f’は、0〜6の範囲の数であり、
g’は、0〜15の範囲の数であり、
h’は、8〜16の範囲の数であり、
x’及びy’は、式(II)中の酸素とは異なる元素の価数と頻度によって特定される数であり、かつ
p及びqは、その比率p/qが、0.1〜10である数である。
X1は、Co及び/又はNiであり、
X2はアルカリ金属であり、
X4は、Si及び/又はAlであり、
aは、0.3〜1の範囲の数であり、
bは、0.5〜10の範囲の数であり、
cは、2〜10の範囲の数であり、
dは、0〜0.5の範囲の数であり、
fは、0〜10の範囲の数であり、かつ
nは、式(Ia)中の酸素とは異なる元素の価数と頻度によって特定される数である。
条件1:12−c−1.5×b=A、ここでAは、0.5〜1.5の範囲の数であり、
条件2:商a/Aが、0.2〜1.3の範囲の数であり、
条件3:商c/bが、2.5〜9の範囲の数である。
Y2は、モリブデン若しくはタングステン、又はモリブデン及びタングステンであり、
Y3は、アルカリ金属及び/又はタリウム、好適にはK、Csであり、
Y4は、アルカリ土類金属、ニッケル、コバルト、及び/又はスズであり、
Y6は、リン、ヒ素、ホウ素、アンチモン、及び/又はビスマスであり、
Y7は、チタン、ジルコニウム、アルミニウム、ケイ素、銅、銀、及び/又は金であり、好適にはSiであり、
Y8は、モリブデン若しくはタングステン、又はモリブデン及びタングステンであり、
a’は、0.1〜2の範囲の数であり、
b’は、0.2〜4の範囲の数であり、
c’は、0.02〜2の範囲の数であり、
d’は、3〜10の範囲の数であり、
e’は、0.01〜5、好適には0.1〜4の範囲の数であり、
f’は、0〜5の範囲の数であり、
g’は、0〜10の範囲の数であり、好適には0〜10の範囲にある0より大きい数であり、特に好ましくは0.2〜10の範囲にある数であり、極めて特に好ましくは0.4〜3の範囲にある数であり、
x’及びy’は、式(IIa)中の酸素とは異なる元素の価数と頻度によって特定される数であり、かつ
p及びqは、その比率p/qが、0.1〜5、好適には0.4〜2である数である。
(i)複合金属酸化物の元素の構成成分の供給源から、密接な乾燥混合物を作成する工程、
(ii)密接な乾燥混合物を圧縮して、中空円筒形成形体の前駆体にする工程、
(iii)350〜650℃の範囲の温度でか焼する工程。
アルケンを気相酸化して不飽和アルデヒド及び/又は不飽和カルボン酸にするための、機械的に安定な中空円筒形触媒成形体
I)以下のような活性物質の化学量論を有する、中空円筒形非担持型触媒成形体の製造:
[Bi2W2O9・2WO3]0.50[Mo12Co5.4Fe3.1Si1.5K0.08Ox]1
a)出発材料1の製造(Bi1W2O7.5=1/2Bi2W2O9・1WO3)
1.75m3の特殊鋼製ダブルジャケット式容器(ジャケットの間に温度調整用の水を貫流させたもの、十字型撹拌機付)内で、硝酸水溶液に入れた25℃の硝酸ビスマス溶液(Bi:11.2質量%、遊離硝酸3〜5質量%;ベルギー国、Tilly 1495在のSidech S.A.社製のビスマス金属から硝酸で製造、その純度は、Biが99.997質量%超、Pbが7mg/kg未満、Ni、Ag、Feがそれぞれ5mg/kg未満、Cu、Sbが3mg/kg未満、Cd、Znは1mg/kg未満)780kg中に、25℃で20分以内に、何回かに分けて25℃のタングステン酸(Wが74.1質量%、平均粒度0.4〜0.8μm(ASTM B 330により製造者が測定)、強熱減量(750℃で2時間、空気中)6〜8質量%、Goslar D-38615在のH. C. Starck社製)214.7kgを入れて撹拌した(70回転/分)。続いて、生成した水性混合物をさらに3時間、25℃で撹拌し、それから噴霧乾燥した。噴霧乾燥は、Niro社製のFS 15型回転ディスク式噴霧塔で、熱した並流の空気で、ガス取り入れ温度300±10℃、ガス排出温度100±10℃、ディスク回転数18000回転/分、処理量200l/h、空気量1900Nm3/hで行った。生じた噴霧粉末は、強熱損失が12.8質量%(900℃で質量が一定になるまで強熱した陶器製るつぼ内で、600℃で3時間、空気下で強熱)であり、(絶対圧1.1barの分散圧で)d50が28.0μm(d10=9.1μm、d90=55.2μm)であった。
以下のようにして溶液Aを作製した:水で温度調整した1.75m3の特殊鋼製ダブルジャケット式容器(十字型撹拌機付)で、60℃で撹拌しながら(70回転/分)、温度60℃の水660lに、1分以内で、温度60℃の水酸化カリウム水溶液(KOH47.5質量%)1.075kg、及び引き続き供給速度600kg/hで差動供給秤量によって、温度が25℃のアンモニウムヘプタモリブデート四水和物(粒度dが1mm未満の白色結晶、MoO381.5質量%、NH37.0〜8.5質量%、アルカリ金属最大150mg/kg、Goslar D-38642在、H.C. Starck社製)237.1kgを供給し、生成した溶液を、60℃で60分間撹拌した(70回転/分)。
出発材料2を134kg、混合翼と切断翼(混合翼の回転数:39回転/分、切断翼の回転数3000回転/分)を備える傾斜配置型混合機(VIL型、充填体積200l、Aachener Misch- und Knetmaschinenfabrik社製)に初充填し、1分間、事前混合した。これに対して10分以内にさらなる混合で、セルホイール式ゲートを介して、出発材料1を下記化学量論の複合金属酸化物:
[Bi2W2Og・2WO3]0.50[MO12CO5.4Fe3.1Si1.5K0.08Ox]1
に必要な量を10分以内に計量供給した。それから、混合工程をさらに15分間続け、両方の出発材料を強力かつ完全に均質化した(存在する場合にはアグロメレートの粉砕を含む)。上記材料全体に対して、さらに2分以内に、Timcal AG製の黒鉛であるTIMREX T44を混ぜた。
4×3×2
4×2×2
5×3×2
ロータリープレス機の回転速度は、35〜45回転/分であった。
反応管(V2A鋼製、外形21mm、肉厚3mm、内径15mm、長さ120cm)を、上方から下方へと流れ方向で、以下のように充填した:
・区間1:長さ約30cm
事前充填物として、直径1.5〜2.0mmのステアタイトビーズ40g
・区間2:長さ約70cm
I)で作製し、か焼した中空円筒形成形体40gと、ステアタイトの中空円筒形(寸法5mm×3mm×2mm、外径×高さ×内径)60gとの均質な混合物で触媒を充填。
プロペン5体積%、
酸素9.5体積%、及び
100体積%になる残量としてのN2。
触媒50gを、長さ3m、内径23mmの垂直管を通じて、落下させた。触媒は、管の真下にある陶器製のシャーレに落とし、衝突の際に生じる粉塵と破断物から分離した。粉塵から分離された無傷の触媒成形体を秤量した。無傷の触媒成形体の割合は、この際に測定した質量を、落下試験に使用した触媒成形体の質量と比較することによって特定した(表1における「落下試験」の欄を参照)。無傷の触媒成形体の割合は、触媒成形体の機械的な耐久性についての基準である。その結果が、以下の表1にまとめてある。
Claims (19)
- ADが、3.7〜4.3mmの範囲で選択されている、請求項1に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- qが、0.45〜0.55mmの範囲で選択されている、請求項1又は2に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- pが、0.65〜0.9の範囲で選択されている、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- 触媒成形体の形状体積が、22〜34mm3である、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- 触媒成形体の形状面積対、触媒成形体の形状体積の比率が、22〜32cm-1である、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- 触媒成形体の密度が、1.2〜2.0g/cm3である、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- ADが3.7〜4.3mmの範囲で、Hが2.8〜3.2mmの範囲で、かつIDが1.8〜2.2mmの範囲で選択されている、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- 前記複合金属酸化物が、少なくともモリブデン、鉄、及びビスマスの元素を有する、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- 以下の工程:
(i)複合金属酸化物の元素構成成分の供給源から、密接な乾燥混合物を作製する工程、
(ii)前記密接な乾燥混合物を圧縮して、中空円筒形成形体の前駆体にする工程、及び
(iii)350〜650℃の範囲の温度でか焼する工程
によって得られる、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。 - 前記密接な乾燥混合物を、タブレット化によって圧縮して、中空円筒形成形体の前駆体にする、請求項11に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- か焼の前に、触媒成形体の前駆体の最大相対質量低減率が1分あたり1%という値を超えない条件下で、前記中空円筒形成形体の前駆体を熱により前処理することによって得られる、請求項11又は12に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体。
- アルケンを分子状酸素とともに、充填物が請求項1から13までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体を有する触媒固定床に通す、α,β−不飽和アルデヒド及び/又はα,β−不飽和カルボン酸を製造するための方法。
- プロペンの気相酸化によってアクロレインを製造するための、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒固定床が、複数の反応帯域を備える充填物を有し、該充填物は、少なくとも1つの反応帯域で不活性な希釈成形体を含有するものであり、かつ
前記不活性な希釈成形体の割合は、少なくとも2つの反応帯域で異なる、
請求項14又は15に記載の方法。 - 前記充填物が、前記不活性な希釈成形体を含有しない反応帯域、又は前記不活性な希釈成形体を僅かな割合で含有する反応帯域に、請求項1から13までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体を含有する、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記充填物が、前記触媒固定床の局所的な最大温度が発生する反応帯域に、請求項1から13までのいずれか1項に記載の中空円筒形触媒成形体を含有する、請求項16又は17に記載の方法。
- 前記充填物がさらに、本発明によらない触媒成形体を有する、請求項14から18までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13192277.5 | 2013-11-11 | ||
EP13192277 | 2013-11-11 | ||
PCT/EP2014/073820 WO2015067659A1 (de) | 2013-11-11 | 2014-11-05 | Mechanisch stabiler hohlzylindrischer katalysatorformkörper zur gasphasenoxidation eines alkens zu einem ungesättigten aldehyd und/oder einer ungesättigten carbonsäure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016538120A true JP2016538120A (ja) | 2016-12-08 |
JP6407278B2 JP6407278B2 (ja) | 2018-10-17 |
Family
ID=49551554
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016529945A Active JP6407278B2 (ja) | 2013-11-11 | 2014-11-05 | アルケンを気相酸化して不飽和アルデヒド及び/又は不飽和カルボン酸にするための、機械的に安定な中空円筒形触媒成形体 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9700876B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3068753A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6407278B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105899480B (ja) |
MY (1) | MY173267A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015067659A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20210137209A (ko) | 2019-03-27 | 2021-11-17 | 미쯔비시 케미컬 주식회사 | 촉매 성형체, 메타크롤레인 및/또는 메타크릴산 제조용의 촉매 성형체, 및 메타크롤레인 및/또는 메타크릴산의 제조 방법 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014108272A1 (de) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | Basf Se | Anlage und Verfahren zur Durchführung von heterogen katalysierten Gasphasen-Reaktionen |
DE102014114193A1 (de) | 2014-09-30 | 2015-08-13 | Basf Se | Verfahren und Anlage zur Rückgewinnung von Acrylsäure |
EP3047904A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2016-07-27 | Basf Se | Catalyst system for oxidation of o-xylene and/or naphthalene to phthalic anhydride |
CN107743419B (zh) | 2015-03-27 | 2021-12-03 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 用于so2催化氧化成so3的成型催化剂体 |
WO2017072084A1 (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-04 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Mechanically strong catalyst and catalyst carrier, its preparation, and its use |
PE20211042A1 (es) | 2018-11-02 | 2021-06-03 | Shell Int Research | Separacion de efluente de deshidrogenacion oxidativa de etano |
SG11202110059PA (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2021-10-28 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Molded catalyst body, and method for producing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid using same |
EP3770145A1 (en) | 2019-07-24 | 2021-01-27 | Basf Se | A process for the continuous production of either acrolein or acrylic acid as the target product from propene |
EP3805194A1 (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2021-04-14 | Basf Se | Method for producing a multimetal oxide catalyst under gas-tight conditions |
WO2024037905A1 (de) | 2022-08-16 | 2024-02-22 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von vollkatalysatorformkörpern zur gasphasenoxidation eines alkens und/oder eines alkohols zu einem α,β-ungesättigtem aldehyd und/oder einer α,β-ungesättigten carbonsäure |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58119346A (ja) * | 1982-01-06 | 1983-07-15 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | プロピレン酸化用触媒 |
JPH0549938A (ja) * | 1991-08-21 | 1993-03-02 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | アクロレイン及びアクリル酸合成用触媒及びその製造法 |
JP2003012589A (ja) * | 2001-06-27 | 2003-01-15 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | アクロレインおよびアクリル酸の製造方法 |
JP2004002323A (ja) * | 2002-04-03 | 2004-01-08 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 不飽和アルデヒドの製造法 |
JP2007505740A (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2007-03-15 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | リング状の非担持触媒の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (54)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4148757A (en) | 1977-08-10 | 1979-04-10 | The Standard Oil Company | Process for forming multi-component oxide complex catalysts |
JPS56141842A (en) * | 1980-04-07 | 1981-11-05 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Catalyst formed in novel cylindrical shape |
US4538874A (en) | 1982-05-27 | 1985-09-03 | Molex Incorporated | Modular jack assembly |
US4537874A (en) | 1982-10-22 | 1985-08-27 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | Catalyst for production of unsaturated aldehydes |
DE3445289A1 (de) | 1984-12-12 | 1986-06-19 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Geformter katalysator fuer heterogen katalysierte reaktionen |
DE4023239A1 (de) | 1990-07-21 | 1992-01-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur katalytischen gasphasenoxidation von propen oder iso-buten zu acrolein oder methacrolein |
DE4220859A1 (de) | 1992-06-25 | 1994-01-05 | Basf Ag | Multimetalloxidmassen |
US5583086A (en) | 1993-03-09 | 1996-12-10 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Cesium containing multimetal oxide catalyst compositions for the preparation of methacrolein by gas-phase-catalytic oxidation |
DE4405060A1 (de) * | 1994-02-17 | 1995-08-24 | Basf Ag | Multimetalloxidmassen |
DE4405058A1 (de) * | 1994-02-17 | 1995-08-24 | Basf Ag | Multimetalloxidmassen |
DE4405059A1 (de) * | 1994-02-17 | 1995-08-24 | Basf Ag | Multimetalloxidmassen |
DE4431949A1 (de) | 1994-09-08 | 1995-03-16 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur katalytischen Gasphasenoxidation von Acrolein zu Acrylsäure |
DE4431957A1 (de) | 1994-09-08 | 1995-03-16 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur katalytischen Gasphasenoxidation von Propen zu Acrolein |
DE19622331A1 (de) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren der heterogen katalysierten Gasphasenoxidation von Propan zu Acrolein |
DE19717165A1 (de) | 1997-04-23 | 1998-10-29 | Basf Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Temperaturmessung in Rohrreaktoren |
DE19910506A1 (de) | 1999-03-10 | 2000-09-14 | Basf Ag | Verfahren der katalytischen Gasphasenoxidation von Propen zu Acrolein |
MY121141A (en) | 1999-03-10 | 2005-12-30 | Basf Ag | Method for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propene into acrolein |
MY121878A (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2006-02-28 | Basf Ag | Method for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propene into acrylic acid |
DE19948523A1 (de) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren der katalytischen Gasphasenoxidation von Propen zu Acrylsäure |
US6620968B1 (en) | 1999-11-23 | 2003-09-16 | Rohm And Haas Company | High hydrocarbon space velocity process for preparing unsaturated aldehydes and acids |
US20070003076A1 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2007-01-04 | American Technology Corporation | Bandpass woofer enclosure with multiple acoustic filters |
DE10046957A1 (de) | 2000-09-21 | 2002-04-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Multimetalloxid-Katalysators, Verfahren zur Herstellung ungesättigter Aldehyde und/oder Carbonsäuren und Bandcalziniervorrichtung |
DE10049873A1 (de) | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-11 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Katalysators, bestehend aus einem Trägerkörper und einer auf der Oberfläche des Trägerkörpers aufgebrachten katalytisch aktiven Oxidmasse |
DE10101695A1 (de) | 2001-01-15 | 2002-07-18 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur heterogen katalysierten Gasphasenpartialoxidation von Vorläuferverbindungen der (Meth)acrylsäure |
TW572885B (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2004-01-21 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Method for producing (meth)acrolein and/or (meth)acrylic acid |
JP4824867B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-30 | 2011-11-30 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | メタクロレインおよびメタクリル酸の製造方法 |
JP4092090B2 (ja) | 2001-06-26 | 2008-05-28 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 固体粒子充填反応器およびその反応器を用いた接触気相酸化方法 |
US7115776B2 (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2006-10-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase partial oxidation of at least one organic compound |
EP1611077B1 (de) | 2003-03-25 | 2008-03-19 | Basf Se | Verfahren der heterogen katalysierten partiellen gasphasenoxidation von propen zu acrylsäure |
DE10313213A1 (de) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-07 | Basf Ag | Verfahren der heterogen katalysierten partiellen Gasphasenoxidation von Propen zu Acrylsäure |
DE10313208A1 (de) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-07 | Basf Ag | Verfahren der heterogen katalysierten partiellen Gasphasenoxidation von Propen zu Acrylsäure |
DE10336386A1 (de) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-03-04 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur absorptiven Grundabtrennung von Acrylsäure aus dem Produktgasgemisch einer heterogen katalysierten partiellen Gasphasenoxidation von Propen zu Acrylsäure |
DE10337788A1 (de) | 2003-08-14 | 2004-10-28 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von (Meth)acrolein und/oder (Meth)acrylsäure |
EP1656335A1 (de) | 2003-08-14 | 2006-05-17 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrolein und/oder (meth)acryls ure |
DE10344149A1 (de) | 2003-09-22 | 2004-04-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von ringförmigen Vollkatalysatoren |
WO2005046870A1 (ja) | 2003-11-14 | 2005-05-26 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | 複合酸化物触媒の製造方法 |
WO2007017431A1 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von katalysatorformkörpern, deren aktivmasse ein multielementoxid ist |
EP1734030A1 (de) | 2006-01-18 | 2006-12-20 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Langzeitbetrieb einer heterogen katalysierten partiellen Gasphasenoxidation einer organischen Ausgangsverbindung |
DE102006044520A1 (de) | 2006-09-21 | 2008-04-03 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung feststoffreicher Kieselsole |
CN101547887B (zh) * | 2006-10-03 | 2012-12-05 | 三菱丽阳株式会社 | α,β-不饱和醛和/或α,β-不饱和羧酸的制造方法 |
DE102007003076A1 (de) | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-17 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer das Element Eisen in oxidischer Form enthaltenden Multielementoxidmasse |
WO2008087116A1 (de) | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-24 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von katalysatorformkörpern, deren aktivmasse ein multielementoxid ist |
DE102007004961A1 (de) | 2007-01-26 | 2008-07-31 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Katalysatorformkörpern, deren Aktivmasse ein Multielementoxid ist |
DE102007005606A1 (de) | 2007-01-31 | 2008-04-03 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Katalysatorformkörpern, deren Aktivmasse ein Multielementoxid ist |
JPWO2010001732A1 (ja) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-12-15 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 固定床多管式反応器への固体粒状物の充填方法 |
JP5661618B2 (ja) | 2008-07-02 | 2015-01-28 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 幾何学的酸化物成形体の製造方法 |
DE102008040093A1 (de) | 2008-07-02 | 2008-12-18 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ringähnlichen oxidischen Formkörpers |
DE102008042060A1 (de) | 2008-09-12 | 2009-06-18 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von geometrischen Katalysatorformkörpern |
DE102009047291A1 (de) | 2009-11-30 | 2010-09-23 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von (Meth)acrolein durch heterogen katalysierte Gasphasen-Partialoxidation |
CN101850259B (zh) * | 2010-06-01 | 2013-03-20 | 上海华谊丙烯酸有限公司 | 一种高空速下丙烯氧化制丙烯醛的催化剂的制备方法 |
TWI577639B (zh) * | 2011-07-12 | 2017-04-11 | 巴地斯顏料化工廠 | 含鉬、鉍及鐵之多金屬氧化物組合物 |
US8785344B2 (en) | 2012-02-20 | 2014-07-22 | Basf Se | Gas phase oxidation catalyst with low charge transport activation energy |
DE102012207811A1 (de) | 2012-05-10 | 2012-07-12 | Basf Se | Verfahren der heterogen katalysierten Gasphasenpartialoxidation von (Meth)acrolein zu (Meth)acrylsäure |
DE102013202048A1 (de) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-04-18 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer katalytisch aktiven Masse, die ein Gemisch aus einem die Elemente Mo und V enthaltenden Multielementoxid und wenigstens einem Oxid des Molybdäns ist |
-
2014
- 2014-11-05 MY MYPI2016000810A patent/MY173267A/en unknown
- 2014-11-05 EP EP14793187.7A patent/EP3068753A1/de active Pending
- 2014-11-05 WO PCT/EP2014/073820 patent/WO2015067659A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-11-05 JP JP2016529945A patent/JP6407278B2/ja active Active
- 2014-11-05 CN CN201480072795.5A patent/CN105899480B/zh active Active
- 2014-11-07 US US14/535,743 patent/US9700876B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58119346A (ja) * | 1982-01-06 | 1983-07-15 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd | プロピレン酸化用触媒 |
JPH0549938A (ja) * | 1991-08-21 | 1993-03-02 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | アクロレイン及びアクリル酸合成用触媒及びその製造法 |
JP2003012589A (ja) * | 2001-06-27 | 2003-01-15 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | アクロレインおよびアクリル酸の製造方法 |
JP2004002323A (ja) * | 2002-04-03 | 2004-01-08 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 不飽和アルデヒドの製造法 |
JP2007505740A (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2007-03-15 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | リング状の非担持触媒の製造方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20210137209A (ko) | 2019-03-27 | 2021-11-17 | 미쯔비시 케미컬 주식회사 | 촉매 성형체, 메타크롤레인 및/또는 메타크릴산 제조용의 촉매 성형체, 및 메타크롤레인 및/또는 메타크릴산의 제조 방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3068753A1 (de) | 2016-09-21 |
US20150133686A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
JP6407278B2 (ja) | 2018-10-17 |
WO2015067659A1 (de) | 2015-05-14 |
CN105899480A (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
MY173267A (en) | 2020-01-09 |
US9700876B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
CN105899480B (zh) | 2018-11-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6407278B2 (ja) | アルケンを気相酸化して不飽和アルデヒド及び/又は不飽和カルボン酸にするための、機械的に安定な中空円筒形触媒成形体 | |
JP6124883B2 (ja) | Mo、BiおよびFeを含んだ多金属酸化物材料 | |
JP4868520B2 (ja) | リング状の非担持触媒の製造方法 | |
JP5683467B2 (ja) | 幾何形状触媒成形体の製造法 | |
JP5645825B2 (ja) | 幾何形状触媒成形体の製造法 | |
EP2832718B1 (en) | Process for producing acrylic acid using fixed-bed multitubular reactor | |
JP5628930B2 (ja) | 不飽和アルデヒドおよび/または不飽和カルボン酸製造用触媒および該触媒を用いる不飽和アルデヒドおよび/または不飽和カルボン酸の製造方法 | |
US20040054222A1 (en) | Heterogenically catalysed gas-phase partial oxidation method for precursor compounds of (meth)acrylic acid | |
US9169188B2 (en) | Process for preparing an unsaturated aldehyde and/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid | |
US8399711B2 (en) | Process for preparing (meth)acrolein by heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase partial oxidation | |
JP4098185B2 (ja) | アクリロニトリル合成用触媒、およびその製造方法並びにアクリロニトリルの製造方法 | |
EP2415518A1 (en) | Catalyst for ethylene oxide production and method for producing ethylene oxide | |
JP4751335B2 (ja) | プロペンを不均一系触媒反応により部分気相酸化することによってアクロレインを製造する方法 | |
WO2012073584A1 (ja) | 不飽和カルボン酸製造用触媒および該触媒を用いる不飽和カルボン酸の製造方法 | |
JP5831329B2 (ja) | 複合酸化物触媒 | |
JP3939262B2 (ja) | 不飽和アルデヒドの製造法 | |
JP2006263677A (ja) | 不飽和アルデヒドおよび不飽和カルボン酸合成用触媒 | |
BR112016010410B1 (pt) | Corpo de catalisador conformado em cilindro oco, e, processo para preparação de um aldeído a,ss-insaturado e um ácido carboxílico a,ss-insaturado ou ambos | |
JP2004244383A (ja) | アクリル酸の製造方法 | |
JP2023140995A (ja) | 触媒、それを用いた(メタ)アクロレイン及び(メタ)アクリル酸の製造方法 | |
JP5394457B2 (ja) | 不飽和アルデヒドおよび不飽和カルボン酸合成用触媒、その製造方法、並びに不飽和アルデヒドおよび不飽和カルボン酸の製造方法 | |
JP2011102249A (ja) | アクリル酸の製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20171027 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20180515 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20180521 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20180626 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20180827 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20180918 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6407278 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |