JP2016518823A - 制御性t細胞の増殖のためのインターロイキン−2ムテイン - Google Patents
制御性t細胞の増殖のためのインターロイキン−2ムテイン Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2013年3月14日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/784,669号の利益を主張するものである。上記出願は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
配列表の参照
本明細書に記載のIL−2ムテインは、野生型ヒトIL−2の変異体である。本明細書で使用される場合、「野生型ヒトIL−2」、「野生型IL−2」、または「WT IL−2」は、以下のアミノ酸配列を有するポリペプチドを意味する:
制御性T(Treg)細胞を選択的に刺激するヒトIL−2ムテインが、本明細書に提供される。本明細書において使用される場合、「制御性T細胞を選択的に刺激する」とは、ムテインが、CD3+FoxP3−T細胞よりもCD3+FoxP3+T細胞の増殖、生存、活性化、及び/または機能を促進することを意味する。Tregを選択的に刺激する能力を測定する方法は、末梢血白血球のフローサイトメトリーによって測定することができ、全CD4+T細胞中のFOXP3+CD4+T細胞の割合の増加、全CD8+T細胞中のFOXP3+CD8+T細胞の割合の増加、NK細胞に対するFOXP3+T細胞の割合の増加、及び/または他のT細胞上のCD25発現の増加に対するFOXP3+T細胞の表面上のCD25の発現レベルのより大きな増加が観察される。Treg細胞の選択的な増殖は、亜硫酸水素塩で処理したゲノムDNA由来のポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)産物を配列決定することによって検出されるように、全血から抽出したDNA中の脱メチル化CD3遺伝子に対する脱メチル化FOXP3プロモーターDNA(すなわち、Treg特異的脱メチル化領域、またはTSDR)の発現の増加として検出することもできる(J.Sehouli,et al.2011.Epigenetics 6:2,236−246)。
本明細書に提供されるIL−2ムテインは、例えばTeffまたはNK細胞よりも、Tregを選択的に増殖させるため、患者に投与した時に安全プロファイルが野生型IL−2またはPROLEUKIN(登録商標)とは異なることが予想される(aldesleukin;Novartis,Basel,Switzerland)。野生型IL−2またはPROLEUKIN(登録商標)に関連する副作用は、風邪様症状、寒気/悪寒、関節痛、発熱、発疹、掻痒、注射部位反応、低血圧、下痢、悪心、不安、混乱、及び鬱状態を含む。本明細書において提供されるIL−2ムテインは、そのような半減期の延長が患者の副作用または有害事象の可能性または強度を高めるリスクを増大させることなく、ムテインの血清半減期を延長する分子を含むかまたはそれに融合するように変化させることができる。そのような血清半減期が延長されたムテインの皮下投与は、より低い最大全身曝露量(Cmax)で長期標的カバレッジを可能にし得る。血清半減期の延長は、より少ないかまたはより頻度の低いムテインの投与計画を実現し得る。
IL−2 ムテイン及びIL−2ムテインFc融合タンパク質をコードする核酸が本明細書に包含される。本発明の態様は、本明細書に記載のアミノ酸配列をコードするポリヌクレオチド変異体(例えば、縮重による)を含む。好ましい実施形態において、単離された核酸によってコードされるポリペプチドは、IL−2ムテインFc融合タンパク質の成分である。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、薬学的に有効な希釈剤、担体、可溶化剤、乳化剤、防腐剤、及び/またはアジュバントと一緒に治療有効量のIL−2ムテインを含む薬学的組成物を提供する。特定の実施形態において、IL−2ムテインは、IL−2ムテインFc融合タンパク質の枠内に含まれる。本発明の薬学的組成物は、限定されないが、液体組成物、凍結組成物、及び凍結乾燥組成物を含む。
特定の実施形態において、本発明のIL−2ムテインは、自己免疫性疾患または炎症性疾患を治療するために使用される。好ましい実施形態において、IL−2ムテインFc融合タンパク質が使用される。
IL−2ムテインまたはIL−2ムテインFc融合タンパク質は、対象または試料中のTreg細胞を増殖するために使用することができる。非制御性T細胞に対するTregの比率を増加させる方法が本明細書に提供される。この方法は、T細胞の集団を有効量のヒトIL−2ムテインまたはIL−2ムテインFc融合体と接触させることを含む。比率は、T細胞の集団内のCD3+FOXP3−に対するCD3+FOXP3+細胞の比率を決定することによって測定することができる。ヒト血液中の典型的なTreg頻度は、全CD4+CD3+T細胞の5〜10%であるが、上に列挙した疾患では、この割合がより低いかまたはより低い場合がある。好ましい実施形態において、Tregの割合は、少なくとも10%、少なくとも20%、少なくとも30%、少なくとも40%、少なくとも50%、少なくとも60%、少なくとも70%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも100%、少なくとも200%、少なくとも300%、少なくとも400%、少なくとも500%、少なくとも600%、少なくとも700%、少なくとも800%、少なくとも900%、または少なくとも1000%増加する。Tregの最大倍数増加は、特定の疾患ごとに異なり得る:しかしながら、IL−2ムテイン処理によって得られる可能性のある最大Treg頻度は、全CD4+CD3+T細胞の50%または60%である。特定の実施形態において、IL−2ムテインまたはIL−2ムテインFc融合タンパク質が対象に投与され、対象の末梢血中の非制御性T細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率が増加する。
CD25に対する親和性が高く、IL−2Rβγによるシグナル伝達強度が低いIL−2ムテインは、Tregの増殖及び機能を選択的に促進する。潜在的な免疫原性を低下させるために、CD25に対する高い親和性を達成するために必要とされる変異の最小数を求めた。その3つの受容体と複合したIL−2の結晶構造(PDBコード−2B5I)は、CD25と相互作用するらせん構造内に位置するV69A及びQ74Pを示す。このことは、なぜV69A及びQ74Pが、CD25に対する高い結合親和性についての2つの独立したIL−2変異原生スクリーニングで頻繁に単離されたかを説明できるかもしれない(Rao et al.2005;Thanos et al.2006)。この実施例では、Rao et al.のスクリーニングで同定されたIL−2ムテイン「2−4」の他の変異のうち、どれがV69A及びQ74P単独で観察される親和性を上回って親和性を増加させるために最も重要かを探求する。活性化T細胞の表面上におけるCD25に対する結合について、以下のタンパク質をフローサイトメトリーによってスクリーニングした。全ての構築物は、精製及び検出のためにC末端FLAG及びポリ−Hisタグも含んでいた。特定の変異を丸カッコ内に提供する。
IL−2ムテインを用いたTregの濃縮を達成するために必要な投与頻度を減少させるために、IL−2とIgG1−Fcドメインとの間の種々の融合体を評価した。Fcドメインは、IgG1によって媒介される標的細胞溶解等のエフェクター機能を無効にする点変異を含有していた。用いられたFcエフェクター機能変異は、A327Q、Ala Ala(L234A+L235A)、またはN297Gのいずれかであった。Treg選択性IL−2ムテインは、IL−2の効力を一部低下させるため、IL−2Rシグナル伝達に著しく影響を及ぼさない様式でIL−2をFcに融合することが重要であった。したがって、Fcの融合を含む及び含まないIL−2ムテインをIL−2Rの活性化について調べた。
IL−2ムテインの最初のパネルは、N88Dを単独で、またはIL−2Rシグナル伝達に影響を及ぼす1つもしくは2つのさらなる変異を含有していた。ムテインの第2のパネルは、N88Dシリーズのものと同様であるかまたはそれよりもやや高い効力を有するムテインを同定することを目標として、全て単一の点変異を有するように設計した。予測されたIL−2Rβと相互作用するアミノ酸(結晶構造、PDBコード−2B5I)に基づいて24個のシグナル伝達変異のパネルを同定した。予測されたムテインとIL−2Rβとの間の結合自由エネルギーの減少に基づいて特定の置換を選択した。EGAD計算アルゴリズム(Handel’s Laboratory,University of California、San Diego,USA)を使用して結合自由エネルギーを算出した。変異体の結合自由エネルギーを△△Gmut=μ(△Gmut−△Gwt)と定義する。式中、μ(一般的に=0.1)は、実験的エネルギーと比較した場合に1の勾配を有するように予測される結合親和性の変化を正規化するために使用されるスケール因子である(Pokala and Handel 2005)。解離の自由エネルギー(△G)は、複合状態(△Gbound)と自由状態(△Gfree)との間のエネルギー差として定義した。各置換について解離エネルギー△Gmutを算出した。
高いCD25結合親和性を付与した変異は、CD25−高T細胞に対する指向性を増加させ、長期にわたるCD25::IL−2ムテイン会合を促進し、シグナル伝達を延長したため、それらは有益であると考えられた。しかしながら、ムテインの数を減少させることは、免疫原性の可能性を低下させる場合がある。haMut1高親和性変異V69A及びQ74Pを含む及び含まないN88DまたはV91Kムテインを、Fcホモ二量体のC末端に対する融合体として発現させ、生物活性について比較した。pSTAT5刺激アッセイにおいて、ホモ二量体化は、単量体ムテインと比較してシグナル強度に影響を及ぼさなかった。高親和性変異V69A及びQ74Pの復帰変異も、pSTAT5のシグナル伝達に影響を及ぼさなかった。T細胞増殖アッセイにおいて、高親和性変異は、従来のCD4 T細胞及びCD8 T細胞に対する活性を低下させたが、制御性T細胞に対する活性は低下させなかった(図5)。高親和性変異はまた、NK細胞における増殖応答も変化させなかった(図6)。
ヒト化マウス試験からの予期せぬ結果は、それらのシグナル伝達能力が低下したにもかかわらず、ムテインが、Fc.WT IL−2と比較してより確実なTregの濃縮を誘導したことであった。1μg/マウスの用量で(図7)、またさらに低い用量である0.5μg/マウス(図8)で、Fc.WTで見られるものと比較してより高いTregの濃縮及びFOXP3の上方制御が観察された。このin vivoでの効力の増加は、T細胞による消費の減少に起因するものであり得、長期のシグナル伝達のためにより多くのFc.IL−2ムテインを利用可能にする。
マウスの前臨床試験において、インタクトな分子の血清濃度をヒトFc部分のみの血清濃度と比較した場合、Fc.IL−2ムテインは差次的な曝露を示したことから、ヒトFc分解産物の循環が示唆される。Fc.IL−2ムテインのin vivo安定性及び薬物動態を最適化するために、全身循環中に、及び網内系を通ってリサイクリングされる間に、融合配列の修飾がFc.IL−2ムテインのタンパク質分解に与える影響についてそれらを特徴付けた。以下の構築物をin vitro及びin vivoでのタンパク質分解について評価した。
標準的なIL−2免疫刺激療法は、望ましくない副作用を回避するために投与サイクル間に休薬期間(曝露なし)を必要とする。対照的に、Treg増殖または刺激療法は、Treg刺激に十分な持続的薬物トラフレベル(血清Cmin)ではあるが、免疫活性化を引き起こす薬物レベル未満である最大曝露量(血清Cmax)での長期の曝露を必要とする場合がある。この実施例は、炎症誘発性の免疫活性化に必要であることが企図される薬物レベル未満の最大曝露量(血清Cmax)を維持しながら、長期標的カバレッジ(血清Cmin)のためのカニクイザルにおける半減期を延長したムテインの投与ストラテジーを示す。
A群:投与前(第1サイクル;用量1)、48(投与前第1サイクル;用量2)、96(投与前第1サイクル;用量3)、100、104、120、168、216、264、336(投与前第2サイクル)、340、344、360、408、456、504、576、672、744、840、及び1008時間。
B群:投与前(第1サイクル)、4、8、24、72、120、168、240、336(投与前第2サイクル)、340、344、360、408、456、504、576、672、744、840、及び1008時間。
C群:投与前(第1サイクル)、4、8、24、72、120、168、240、336、408、504、672(投与前第2サイクル)、676、680、696、744、792、840、912、1008、1080、及び1176時間。
D群:投与前(第1サイクル)、0.25、1、4、8、24、72、120、168、240、336、408、504、及び672時間。
A群:投与前(第1サイクル;用量1)、96(投与前第1サイクル;用量3)、168、336(投与前第2サイクル)、456、及び576時間。
B群:投与前(第1サイクル)、120、240、336(投与前第2サイクル)、456、及び576時間。
C群:投与前(第1サイクル)、120、240、672(投与前第2サイクル)、792、及び912時間。
D群:投与前(第1サイクル)、120及び240時間。
血液学:
・白血球数(全微分及び絶対微分)
・赤血球数
・ヘモグロビン
・ヘマトクリット
・平均赤血球血色素量、平均赤血球容積、平均赤血球血色素濃度(計算値)
・絶対網状赤血球数
・血小板数
・血液細胞形態
・赤血球分布幅
・平均血小板容積
臨床化学:
・アルカリホスファターゼ
・総ビリルビン(総ビリルビンが1mg/dLを超える場合は直接ビリルビン)
・アスパラギン酸アミノ基転移酵素
・アラニンアミノ基転移酵素
・γグルタミル転移酵素
・尿素窒素
・クレアチニン
・総タンパク質
・アルブミン
・グロブリン及びA/G(アルブミン/グロブリン)比(計算値)
・グルコース
・総コレステロール
・トリグリセリド
・電解質(ナトリウム、カリウム、塩化物)
・カルシウム
・リン
天然に存在するIgG抗体は、重鎖の定常ドメイン2(CH2)にグリコシル化部位を有する。例えば、ヒトIgG1抗体は、Asn297位(EUナンバリング)に位置するグリコシル化部位を有する。今までの非グリコシル化抗体を作製するためのストラテジーは、物理化学的特性においてAsnに類似するアミノ酸(例えば、Gln)で、または極性基を有しないAsn側鎖を模倣するAla残基でAsn残基を置換することを含む。この実施例は、Asnをグリシン(N297G)で置換することの利益を証明する。N297G Fcは、より良好な生物物理学的特性及び製造性(例えば、精製中の回収率)を有する非グリコシル化分子である。
この実施例では、操作したジスルフィド結合(複数可)を導入することによりIgG抗体骨格の安定性を向上させる方法について記載する。天然に存在するIgG抗体は、安定な分子である。しかしながら、特定の治療用途のために、変異を行うかまたは非グリコシル化分子を作製することが必要な場合がある。例えば、非グリコシル化IgG分子は、ADCC及びFcγ受容体への結合を回避する必要がある治療適応症において使用されてもよい。しかしながら、非グリコシル化IgG1は、グリコシル化IgG1よりもはるかに低い融解温度を有する(CH2ドメインの融解温度は、約10℃;70℃〜60℃低下する)。観察されるもより低い融解温度は、非グリコシル化IgG1の種々の生物物理学的特性に悪影響を及ぼす。例えば、非グリコシル化IgG1は、グリコシル化IgG1と比較して低いpHで凝集のレベルを増加させた。
V91K及びN88D変異がカニクイザル及びヒト由来のT細胞及びNK細胞の応答に及ぼす影響をin vitroで比較した。CD25の存在下で(全血pSTAT5応答においてCD4+CD25+でゲートをかけたT細胞)、V91K変異がカニクイザルIL−2Rシグナル伝達に及ぼす影響は、それがヒトIL−2Rに及ぼす活性の低下と比較してごくわずかであった。しかしながら、CD25の非存在下では(全血pSTAT5応答においてCD25−でゲートをかけたT細胞及びNK細胞増殖の両方)、V91K変異がカニクイザルIL−2Rシグナル伝達をより著しく減少させた。対照的に、Fc.N88Dは、カニクイザル全血中のCD25+T細胞においてシグナル伝達の減少を示すが、それは、ヒト全血中のT細胞におけるFc.V91Kのシグナル伝達の影響により類似している。表2に要約されるin vitroデータは、カニクイザルにおけるより弱いアゴニストであるFc.N88Dで観察された治療ウィンドウは、ヒト対象におけるFc.V91Kの影響の前兆であることを示唆している。
カニクイザルにおいて2つのin vivo試験を行った。最初のカニクイザル試験は、Fc.V91Kの2週間及び4週間の投与間隔を比較して、完全なまたは部分的な薬物動態(PK)及び薬動力学(PD)トラフが第2の投与に対する応答の大きさを変化させるかどうかを決定するように設計された(図10A及びB)。強いTreg応答(50μg/kg)が得られることが予測された第1の投与と、治療ウィンドウの下限(10μg/kg)を検討するための第2の投与とを用いた。10μg/kgが少な過ぎるかどうか分からなかったため、1、3、及び5日目に投与を行って応答の可能性を高めた。この投与計画により、5日後に、単回の50μg/kg皮下(SC)投与で達成されるのと同じ曝露量を得たが、C−maxがより低かった。リンパ対血液成分におけるより高い薬物曝露量に依存するPDの潜在的な差を調査するために、50μg/kg静脈内(IV)群も含まれた。この試験の結果は、各用量レベルが、有害事象(AE)またはTeffもしくはNKの増殖なしに強いTreg増殖応答を誘導したことを証明しており、14日目または28日目のいずれかの第2の投与に対する応答は等しかった。
選択された時点に、実施例11の第1のカニクイザル試験からの血清を抗薬物抗体(ADA)について検査した(図13)。Fc.V91K特異性が競合によって確認された試料のADAシグナル/ノイズデータを示す。ADAについて検査した時点をX軸の上の縦線で示す。第1群では、1匹の動物が、最後の投与から少なくとも15日後にADAを産生し、第2群ではADAに陽性を示した動物はおらず、第3群では、最初の投与から15日以上後に、3匹の動物にADAが一貫して現れた。162日目に、第1群及び第2群に50μg/kgの反復投与を行ったところ、4週間後(190日目)にADAに陽性を示したさらなる動物はいなかった。最も強いADAシグナル(210、212)を産生した第3群の2匹の動物がPD応答の低下を示し、これらの動物において2回目の投与後に観察されたC−maxの減少と一致していた。第4群(50μg/kg IV)ではADAに陽性を示した動物はいなかった。ADAは、IL−2及びFcドメインの両方に特異的であったことから、カニクイザルIL−2とヒトIL−2(V91K,C125A)との間の8つのアミノ酸の差によるものであると予想できる。ADAの中和活性については調べなかった。
Claims (101)
- V91K置換と、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%同一のアミノ酸配列とを含み、前記IL−2ムテインは、制御性T細胞を選択的に刺激する、ヒトインターロイキン−2(IL−2)ムテイン。
- 前記ムテインは、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも95%同一のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載のヒトIL−2ムテイン。
- 前記ムテインは、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1または2に記載のヒトIL−2ムテイン。
- 125位はアラニンである、請求項1、2、または3に記載のヒトIL−2ムテイン。
- 125位はシステインである、請求項1、2、または3に記載のヒトIL−2ムテイン。
- Fc及び請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のヒトIL−2ムテインを含む、Fc融合タンパク質。
- 前記Fcは、ヒトIgG1 Fcである、請求項6に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記ヒトIgG1 Fcは、前記Fcのエフェクター機能を変化させる1つ以上の変異を含む、請求項7に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記ヒトIgG1は、N297に置換を含む、請求項8に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- N297の前記置換はN297Gである、請求項9に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記ヒトIgG FcのC末端リジンの置換または欠失を含む、請求項7〜10のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記ヒトIgG Fcの前記C末端リジンが欠失される、請求項11に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- リンカーが、前記タンパク質のFcとヒトIL−2ムテイン部分とを接続する、請求項6〜12のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記リンカーは、GGGGS(配列番号5)、GGNGT、または(配列番号6)、及びYGNGT(配列番号7)である、請求項13に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記リンカーはGGGGS(配列番号5)である、請求項14に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、哺乳動物細胞内で発現させた時に前記Fc融合タンパク質のグリコシル化を変化させるアミノ酸の付加、置換、または欠失をさらに含む、請求項6〜15のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、T3置換を含む、請求項16に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、T3NまたはT3A置換を含む、請求項17に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、T3N置換を含む、請求項18に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、S5変異をさらに含む、請求項19に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、S5T変異をさらに含む、請求項20に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記Fc融合タンパク質は、Fc二量体を含む、請求項6から21のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記Fc融合タンパク質は、2つのIL−2ムテインを含む、請求項22に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 前記Fc融合タンパク質は、単一のIL−2ムテインを含む、請求項22に記載のFc融合タンパク質。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のヒトIL−2ムテインをコードする、単離された核酸。
- 抗体のFc部分及び請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のヒトIL−2ムテインをコードする、単離された核酸。
- 抗体の前記Fc部分及び前記ヒトIL−2ムテインは、単一のオープンリーディングフレーム内でコードされる、請求項26に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記Fcは、ヒトIgG1 Fcである、請求項26または27に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記ヒトIgG1 Fcは、前記Fcのエフェクター機能を変化させる1つ以上の変異を含む、請求項28に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記ヒトIgG1は、N297に置換を含む、請求項29に記載の単離された核酸。
- N297の前記置換はN297Gである、請求項28に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記ヒトIgG FcのC末端リジンの置換または欠失をコードする、請求項28〜31のいずれかに記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記ヒトIgG Fcの前記C末端リジンが欠失される、請求項32に記載の単離された核酸。
- 抗体の前記Fc部分と前記ヒトIL−2ムテインとを接続するリンカーをさらにコードする、請求項26〜33のいずれかに記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記リンカーは、GGGGS(配列番号5)、GGNGT、または(配列番号6)、及びYGNGT(配列番号7)である、請求項34に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記リンカーは、GGGGS(配列番号5)である、請求項35に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、哺乳動物細胞内で発現させた時に前記IL−2ムテインを含むタンパク質のグリコシル化を変化させるアミノ酸の付加、置換、または欠失をさらに含む、請求項26〜36のいずれかに記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、T3置換を含む、請求項37に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、T3NまたはT3A置換を含む、請求項38に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、T3N置換を含む、請求項39に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、S5変異をさらに含む、請求項40に記載の単離された核酸。
- 前記IL−2ムテインは、S5T変異をさらに含む、請求項41に記載の単離された核酸。
- プロモーターに作動可能に連結された請求項25〜42のいずれかに記載の前記単離された核酸を含む、発現ベクター。
- 請求項25〜42のいずれかに記載の単離された核酸を含む、宿主細胞。
- 前記単離された核酸は、プロモーターに作動可能に連結される、請求項44に記載の宿主細胞。
- 前記宿主細胞は、原核細胞である、請求項44または45に記載の宿主細胞。
- 前記宿主細胞は、大腸菌である、請求項46に記載の宿主細胞。
- 前記宿主細胞は、真核細胞である、請求項44または45に記載の宿主細胞。
- 前記宿主細胞は、哺乳動物細胞である、請求項48に記載の宿主細胞。
- 前記宿主細胞は、チャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞株である、請求項49に記載の宿主細胞。
- ヒトIL−2ムテインを作製する方法であって、前記プロモーターが発現される条件下で請求項45〜50のいずれかに記載の宿主細胞を培養することと、前記培養物から前記ヒトIL−2ムテインを回収することと、を含む、方法。
- Fc融合タンパク質を作製する方法であって、前記プロモーターが発現される条件下で請求項45〜50のいずれかに記載の宿主細胞を培養することと、前記培養物から前記Fc融合タンパク質を回収することと、を含む、方法。
- T細胞の集団を有効量の請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のヒトIL−2ムテインと接触させることを含む、T細胞の集団内の非制御性T細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率を増加させる方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率が増加する、請求項53に記載の方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率は、少なくとも50%増加する、請求項54に記載の方法。
- T細胞の集団を有効量の請求項6〜24のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質と接触させることを含む、T細胞の集団内の非制御性T細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率を増加させる方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率が増加する、請求項56に記載の方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率は、少なくとも50%増加する、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 有効量の請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のヒトIL−2ムテインを投与することを含む、対象の末梢血中の非制御性T細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率を増加させる方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率が増加する、請求項59に記載の方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率は、少なくとも50%増加する、請求項60に記載の方法。
- 有効量の請求項6〜24のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質を投与することを含む、対象の末梢血中の非制御性T細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率を増加させる方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率が増加する、請求項62に記載の方法。
- CD3+FoxP3−に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率は、少なくとも50%増加する、請求項63に記載の方法。
- 有効量の請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のヒトIL−2ムテインを投与することを含む、対象の末梢血中のナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率を増加させる方法。
- CD56及び/またはCD16を発現するCD3−CD19−リンパ球に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率が増加する、請求項65に記載の方法。
- CD56及び/またはCD16を発現するCD3−CD19−リンパ球に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率は、少なくとも50%増加する、請求項66に記載の方法。
- 有効量の請求項6〜24のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質を投与することを含む、対象の末梢血中のナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率を増加させる方法。
- CD56及び/またはCD16を発現するCD3−CD19−リンパ球に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率は増加する、請求項68に記載の方法。
- CD56及び/またはCD16を発現するCD3−CD19−リンパ球に対するCD3+FoxP3+細胞の比率は、少なくとも50%増加する、請求項63に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に治療有効量の請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のIL−2ムテインを投与することを含む、炎症性疾患または自己免疫性疾患に罹患する患者を治療する方法。
- 前記対象に治療有効量の請求項6〜21のいずれかに記載のFc融合タンパク質を投与することを含む、炎症性疾患または自己免疫性疾患に罹患する患者を治療する方法。
- 請求項71または72に記載の炎症性疾患または自己免疫性疾患に罹患する患者を治療する方法であって、投与が、前記疾患の少なくとも1つの症状の軽減をもたらす、方法。
- 対象の末梢血中の非制御性T細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率は、投与後に増加する、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 対象の末梢血中の非制御性T細胞に対する制御性T細胞(Treg)の比率は、投与後も本質的に同じままである、請求項73に記載の方法。
- 前記炎症性疾患または自己免疫性疾患は、ループス、移植片対宿主病、C型肝炎誘発性血管炎、I型糖尿病、多発性硬化症、自然流産、アトピー性疾患、または炎症性腸疾患である、請求項71〜75のいずれかに記載の方法。
- ヒトIgG1抗体のFc領域を含むポリペプチドであって、前記Fc領域はN297G変異を含み、ヒトIgG1の前記Fc領域は、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%の同一性を有する、ポリペプチド。
- ヒトIgG1の前記Fc領域は、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも95%の同一性を有する、請求項77に記載のポリペプチド。
- ヒトIgG1の前記Fc領域は、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項77に記載のポリペプチド。
- ヒトIgG1の前記Fc領域は、前記ポリペプチドを安定化するための1つ以上の変異をさらに含む、請求項77に記載のポリペプチド。
- 配列番号3に記載の1つ以上のアミノ酸がシステインで置換される、請求項80に記載のポリペプチド。
- 配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列のV259、A287、R292、V302、L306、V323、またはI332が、システインで置換される、請求項81に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記Fc領域は、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列中にA287C及びL306C置換を含む、請求項82に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記Fc領域は、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列中にV259C及びL306C置換を含む、請求項82に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記Fc領域は、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列中にR292C及びV302C置換を含む、請求項82に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記Fc領域は、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列中にV323C及びI332C置換を含む、請求項82に記載のポリペプチド。
- 請求項77〜86のいずれかに記載のFc領域を含む、抗体。
- 請求項77〜86のいずれかに記載の前記Fc領域を含む、Fc融合タンパク質。
- リンカーを含むポリペプチドであって、前記リンカーは、GGNGT(配列番号6)またはYGNGT(配列番号7)である、ポリペプチド。
- 前記リンカーは、N−グリコシル化を含む、請求項89に記載のポリペプチド。
- 前記リンカーは、前記ポリペプチド構造内のループに挿入されるか、または前記構造に取って代わる、請求項89に記載のポリペプチド。
- 非グリコシル化IgG1 Fc含有分子を作製する方法であって、
a)哺乳動物細胞培養物中で請求項77〜86のいずれかに記載のポリペプチドをコードする核酸を発現させることと、
b)前記培養物から前記非グリコシル化IgG1 Fc含有分子を回収することと、を含む、方法。 - 哺乳動物細胞において発現させると非グリコシル化されるIgG1 Fc含有分子を作製する方法であって、Fc領域内のN297のコドンをグリシンコドンに変異させるステップを含む、方法。
- 配列番号18または配列番号20の配列からなる、Fc融合タンパク質。
- 請求項94に記載のFc融合体をコードする、核酸。
- 請求項95に記載の核酸を含む、細胞。
- 請求項96に記載の細胞が前記Fc融合タンパク質を発現することを可能にする条件下で前記細胞をインキュベートすることを含む、Fc融合タンパク質を作製する方法。
- 有効量の請求項94に記載の前記Fc融合タンパク質を前記対象に投与することを含む、対象における炎症性または自己免疫性状態を治療する方法。
- 前記炎症性または自己免疫性状態は、移植片対宿主病である、請求項98に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載のヒトインターロイキン−2(IL−2)ムテイン、請求項6に記載のFc融合タンパク質、または請求項94に記載のFc融合タンパク質を用いた治療に対する対象の反応を監視する方法であって、前記対象における変化を検出することを含み、前記変化は、
a)体温の上昇、
b)前記対象の末梢血中のCRPの上昇、
c.)前記対象の末梢血中の血小板の減少、
d)前記対象の末梢血中の好中球の減少、または
e)前記対象の末梢血中のアルブミンの減少であり、
前記変化が検出された後、前記治療は、中止されるか、一時中断されるか、投与頻度が減少されるか、または投薬量が減少される、方法。 - 前記変化は、
a)少なくとも0.5℃の体温の上昇、
b)少なくとも0.2mg/mLの前記対象の末梢血中のCRPの上昇、
c)少なくとも0.8倍の前記対象の末梢血中の血小板の減少、
d)少なくとも0.8倍の前記対象の末梢血中の好中球の減少、または
e)少なくとも0.4倍の前記対象の末梢血中のアルブミンの減少を含む、請求項100に記載の方法。
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