JP2016166602A - 内燃機関のエアシステムおよび内燃機関の運転方法 - Google Patents
内燃機関のエアシステムおよび内燃機関の運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
70 燃焼室、
118 エア充填装置、
126 分離装置、
130 センサ、
150 第1比率制御システム(比率制御システム)、
154 第2比率制御システム(比率制御システム)、
158 第3比率制御システム(比率制御システム)、
162 ガス分配システム(エンジン部品)、
170 中央部、
174 周縁部、
222 コンプレッサ、
242 第4導管(第2の導管)、
254 ハウジング、
258 膜構造(膜、分離膜)、
318 第7導管(第1の導管)。
Claims (20)
- 燃焼室(70)を備えた内燃機関(12)のエアシステムであって、
吸気を加圧するコンプレッサ(222)と、
前記コンプレッサ(222)に連通接続され、前記コンプレッサ(222)から第1の吸気を受けるハウジング(254)、および前記ハウジング(254)内に設けられ、前記第1の吸気を窒素富化空気および酸素富化空気に分離させる膜(258)を備えた分離装置(126)と、
前記コンプレッサ(222)を前記燃焼室(70)に連通接続させる第1の導管(318)と、
前記コンプレッサ(222)を前記分離装置(126)に連通接続させる第2の導管(242)と、
前記内燃機関(12)の吸気行程において前記燃焼室(70)に流入するガスであって、前記窒素富化空気、前記酸素富化空気および第2の吸気を含んだガスの比率を制御する比率制御システム(150,154,158)と、を備えたことを特徴とする内燃機関のエアシステム。 - 前記比率制御システム(150,154,158)は、
前記第1の導管(318)に連通し、前記コンプレッサ(222)から前記燃焼室(70)への前記第1の導管(318)を介した吸気の流通を選択的に規制するよう構成された第1の弁(398)と、
前記分離装置(126)に連通し、前記分離装置(126)から前記燃焼室(70)への前記酸素富化空気および窒素富化空気の何れか一方の流通を選択的に規制するよう構成された第2の弁(390)と、
前記分離装置(126)に連通し、前記分離装置(126)から前記燃焼室(70)への前記酸素富化空気および窒素富化空気の何れか他方の流通を選択的に規制するよう構成された第3の弁(394)と、
前記内燃機関(12)の運転状態に基づいて、前記第1の弁(398)、前記第2の弁(390)および第3の弁(394)を制御して前記ガスの比率を調整するよう構成された制御装置(134)と、を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。 - 前記制御装置(134)は、冷間始動状態、加速状態、または高負荷状態の何れかの場合に、高比率の前記酸素富化空気を提供するよう前記第1の弁(398)、前記第2の弁(390)および前記第3の弁(394)を制御すると共に、温間始動状態、定常状態、または高外気温度状態の何れかの場合に、高比率の前記窒素富化空気を供給するよう前記第1の弁(398)、前記第2の弁(390)および前記第3の弁(394)を制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記制御装置(134)は、市街地走行状態または高速道路走行状態に基づいて、前記第1の弁(398)、前記第2の弁(390)および前記第3の弁(394)を制御することを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記コンプレッサ(222)および前記燃焼室(70)の間に設けられた熱交換器(122,122A)を更に備える請求項2〜4の何れか一項に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記熱交換器(122A)は、前記燃焼室(70)と、前記第1の弁(398)、前記第2の弁(390)および第3の弁(394)との間に設けられて、前記酸素富化空気、前記窒素富化空気および前記第2の吸気を混合することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記比率制御システム(150)は、前記コンプレッサ(222)の入力部材(230)に駆動可能に連結された電動モータ(350)を備え、前記電動モータ(350)は、前記入力部材(230)の回転速度を制御して、前記第1の吸気の圧力を調整する請求項1〜6の何れか一項に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記燃焼室(70)に連通したタービン(226)を更に備え、前記タービン(226)は、前記コンプレッサ(222)の入力部材(230)に駆動可能に連結されている請求項7に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記比率制御システム(154)は、前記分離装置(126)および前記燃焼室(70)に連通接続されて第1の貯留空気を貯留する第1貯留部(370)を備え、前記第1の貯留空気は、前記酸素富化空気、前記窒素富化空気、または前記分離装置(126)からの酸素富化空気および窒素富化空気の第1の混合気の何れか1つであり、前記第1貯留部(370)は、前記第1の貯留空気を前記燃焼室(70)に選択的に放出する請求項1〜8の何れか一項に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記第1貯留部(370)は、容積が変更可能な貯留室(374)を備える請求項9に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記比率制御システムは、前記分離装置(126)および前記燃焼室(70)に連通接続されて第2の貯留空気を貯留する第2貯留部を更に備え、前記第2の貯留空気は、前記酸素富化空気、前記窒素富化空気、または酸素富化空気および窒素富化空気の第2の混合気の何れか1つである請求項9または10に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 前記第2貯留部は、容積が変更可能な貯留室を備える請求項11に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。
- 燃焼室(70)を備えた内燃機関(12)の内燃機関のエアシステムであって、
第1の吸気を受けて、前記第1の吸気を窒素富化空気および酸素富化空気に分離させる分離装置(126)と、
前記分離装置(126)および前記燃焼室(70)に連通し、前記酸素富化空気を前記燃焼室(70)の中央部(170)に案内すると共に、前記窒素富化空気を前記燃焼室(70)の周縁に案内するエンジン部品(162)と、を備えたことを特徴とする内燃機関のエアシステム。 - 前記エンジン部品(162)は、
酸素富化空気を前記燃焼室(70)の中央部(170)へ案内する第1弁部材(410)と、
前記窒素富化空気を前記燃焼室(70)の周縁部(174)へ案内する第2弁部材(414)とを備え、前記第2弁部材(414)は、弁本体(470)および前記弁本体(470)に対して移動可能な弁要素(474)を備え、前記弁本体(470)および弁要素(474)は、環状をなして前記第1弁部材(410)の周囲に設けられている請求項13に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。 - 前記エンジン部品(162)は、
酸素富化空気を燃焼室(70)の中央部(170)へ案内する第1弁部材(410)と、
窒素富化空気を前記燃焼室(70)の周縁部(174)へ案内する複数の第2弁部材(914)とを備え、前記複数の第2弁部材(914)は、前記第1弁部材(410)の周囲を環状に配置されている請求項13に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。 - 前記エンジン部品(162)は、
酸素富化空気を前記燃焼室(70)の中央部(170)へ噴射するガス噴射器と、
前記燃焼室(70)の周縁部(174)へ窒素富化空気を案内する少なくとも1つのガス噴射器、または少なくとも1つの弁部材(414,914)と、を備えている請求項13に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。 - 入力部材(230)を備え、吸気を加圧するコンプレッサ(222)と、
前記入力部材(230)に駆動可能に連結され、前記入力部材(230)の回転速度を制御してコンプレッサ(222)の吐出圧を調整する電動モータ(350)と、を備え、
前記分離装置(126)は、ハウジング(254)および膜(258)を備え、
前記ハウジング(254)は、前記コンプレッサ(222)に連通接続されて、前記コンプレッサ(222)から第1の吸気を受け、
前記膜(258)は、前記ハウジング(254)内に設けられて、前記第1の吸気を窒素富化空気および酸素富化空気に分離させることを特徴とする請求項13〜16の何れか一項に記載の内燃機関のエアシステム。 - 燃焼室(70)、センサ(130)、エア充填装置(118)、およびエア分離膜(258)を備えた内燃機関(12)の運転方法であって、
前記内燃機関(12)の運転状態を前記センサ(130)で検知し、
前記運転状態に基づいて、前記エア充填装置(118)の吐出空気の圧力を調整し、
窒素富化空気の流れと酸素富化空気の流れとに前記吐出空気を前記エア分離膜(258)で分離し、
前記内燃機関(12)の吸気行程において、前記燃焼室(70)の中央部(170)に前記酸素富化空気の流れを導入し、
前記内燃機関(12)の前記吸気行程において、前記窒素富化空気の流れを前記燃焼室(70)の周縁部(174)へ導入する、ことを特徴とする内燃機関の運転方法。 - 前記窒素富化空気の流れおよび酸素富化空気の流れに前記吐出空気を分離する前に、前記吐出空気を冷却する請求項18に記載の内燃機関の運転方法。
- 前記運転状態が、冷間始動状態、加速状態、高負荷状態、または低外気温度状態の何れかである場合に、前記窒素富化空気の流れに対する前記酸素富化空気の流れの比率を増大させ、
前記運転状態が、高間始動状態、定常状態、または高外気温度状態の何れかである場合に、前記窒素富化空気の流れに対する前記酸素富化空気の流れの比率を減少させることを特徴とする請求項18または19に記載の内燃機関の運転方法。
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