JP2016091933A - ゲル状電解質の分散液の製造方法 - Google Patents
ゲル状電解質の分散液の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 13
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- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical group O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical group O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1081—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/122—Ionic conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1039—Polymeric electrolyte materials halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
水分含量低下工程で得られた電解質の濃縮物にアルコールを添加して、ゲル状電解質の分散液を形成させる、アルコール添加工程;
を含む、ゲル状電解質の分散液の製造方法。
(2) 前記水分含量低下工程において、電解質の濃縮物中の電解質含量が、該電解質の濃縮物の総質量に対して20質量%以上となるまで、電解質の水性分散液を濃縮する、前記(1)に記載の方法。
(3) 前記水分含量低下工程において、電解質の水性分散液を0〜30℃の範囲の温度で濃縮する、前記(1)又は(2)に記載の方法。
(4)前記アルコールが1種以上の脂肪族アルコールである、前記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の方法。
本発明は、ゲル状電解質の分散液の製造方法に関する。本明細書において、「ゲル」、「ゲル状」又は「ゲル状態」は、高分子物質を含有し、液体の流動性を有する溶液又は分散液(以下、「ゾル」とも記載する)が、液体の流動性を失った結果、(i)少なくとも高分子物質及び媒質を含む2種以上の成分を含有する凝集性の分散系となり、(ii)固体的特徴を有する力学的挙動を示し、且つ(iii)高分子物質及び媒質が全体に亘って連続的に広がった状態となることを意味する。このような定義は、当該技術分野で公知のものである(例えば、中村邦男, 「ゲルとはどのような状態か」, 化学と生物, 第36巻第1号, 1998年を参照されたい)。
本発明の方法は、場合により、電解質の水性分散液を準備する、準備工程を含むことができる。
本工程は、電解質の水性分散液を所定の温度で濃縮する工程である。本工程により、濃縮によって得られる電解質の濃縮物中の水分含量を、所定の値まで低下させることができる。本工程において使用される電解質の水性分散液は、前記準備工程にしたがって準備することができる。
本発明の方法は、場合により、水分含量低下工程で得られた電解質の濃縮物を冷却する、冷却工程を含むことができる。本工程は、水分含量低下工程における電解質の水性分散液の濃縮温度が、室温以上、例えば30℃超の温度である場合に実施することが好ましい。前記条件下で本工程を実施することにより、電解質分散液のゲル化を安定して進行させることができる。
本工程は、水分含量低下工程又は冷却工程で得られた電解質の濃縮物にアルコールを添加する工程である。本工程により、ゲル状電解質の分散液を形成させることができる。
本発明の方法は、場合により、アルコールが添加された電解質の濃縮物を攪拌する、攪拌工程を含むことができる。本工程により、電解質の分散液のゲル化を促進させて、ゲル状電解質の分散液を形成させることができる。
20質量%のナフィオン(登録商標)分散液DE2021 CSタイプ、及び10質量%のナフィオン(登録商標)分散液DE1021 CSタイプ(いずれも和光純薬工業製)の電解質の水性分散液を、乾燥炉を用いて下記の条件で加熱減圧濃縮(圧力:91 kPa)して、電解質の濃縮物を調製した。熱重量測定(TG)及びガスクロマトグラフィー(GC)分析により、電解質の濃縮物中の水分含量及び電解質(ナフィオン)含量を測定した。所定の水分含量まで濃縮された濃縮物を乾燥炉から取り出し、室温まで十分に冷却した。冷却後の電解質の濃縮物に、エタノールを添加した。次いでエタノール添加後の濃縮物を、シンキー社製自転・公転ミキサー(あわとり練太郎、AR-100)を用いて15分間攪拌した。本工程におけるエタノールの添加量は、添加後の電解質分散液の電解質含量が、添加前の電解質分散液の電解質含量と同一となるために必要な量をそれぞれ算出することにより決定した。
攪拌後の電解質の分散液の状態を、目視によって確認した。結果を以下の表に示す。
実験Iにおいて、電解質としてフレミオン(登録商標)(旭硝子製)、及びアシプレックス(商標)(旭硝子製)を用いた他は実験Iに記載の手順と同様の手順により、電解質の分散液を調製した。実験Iと同様の手順で分散液の状態を評価したところ、これらの電解質を用いた場合であっても、同様の条件下でゲル状電解質の分散液が得られることが明らかとなった。
Claims (4)
- 電解質の水性分散液を50℃以下の温度で濃縮して、該電解質の濃縮物中の水分含量を、該電解質の濃縮物の総質量に対して5質量%以下となるまで低下させる、水分含量低下工程;
水分含量低下工程で得られた電解質の濃縮物にアルコールを添加して、ゲル状電解質の分散液を形成させる、アルコール添加工程;
を含む、ゲル状電解質の分散液の製造方法。 - 前記水分含量低下工程において、電解質の濃縮物中の電解質含量が、該電解質の濃縮物の総質量に対して20質量%以上となるまで、電解質の水性分散液を濃縮する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水分含量低下工程において、電解質の水性分散液を0〜30℃の範囲の温度で濃縮する、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記アルコールが1種以上の脂肪族アルコールである、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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JP2014227960A JP6179497B2 (ja) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | ゲル状電解質の分散液の製造方法 |
KR1020150155692A KR101905247B1 (ko) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-06 | 겔상 전해질 분산액의 제조 방법 |
US14/934,716 US10122039B2 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-06 | Method of producing dispersion liquid of gelatinous electrolyte |
EP15193699.4A EP3018746B1 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-09 | Method of producing dispersion liquid of gelatinous electrolyte |
CN201510761979.9A CN105591140B (zh) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-10 | 凝胶状电解质的分散液的制造方法 |
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JP5005160B2 (ja) | 2003-12-08 | 2012-08-22 | 三星エスディアイ株式会社 | ゲル電解質及び燃料電池 |
US7115334B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2006-10-03 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Gel electrolyte and fuel cell employing the same |
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CN102598377B (zh) * | 2010-01-07 | 2015-09-30 | 株式会社爱考斯研究 | 燃料电池用催化剂层的制造装置、燃料电池用催化剂层的制造方法、高分子电解质溶液以及高分子电解质溶液的制造方法 |
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EP3018746B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
JP6179497B2 (ja) | 2017-08-16 |
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