JP2015054565A - Tsunami evacuation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tsunami evacuation facility which people near a seashore can swiftly evacuate to before the arrival of a huge tsunami, etc., which is safe against the tsunami, and which can be used as an observation deck or the like in ordinary times.SOLUTION: A frame 3a on a float 3 is detachably mounted on an excavated foundation part 2 installed on a ground G, and an evacuation room 3c is fixed to a support post 3b fixed to the frame 3a. The float 3 has a structure in which a buoyancy force on an upper side thereof is larger than that on a lower side thereof, and stabilizes its posture when it floats. The float 3 and the excavated foundation part 2 are connected to each other by a connecting rope having a proper length. A slide movement prevention material is laid on a lower side of the float 3, and the slide movement prevention material prevents the frame part 3a from being shifted from the foundation part due to horizontal shaking in an earthquake. When the sea level rises due to the arrival of a tsunami, the float 3 leaves from the excavated foundation part 2 to rise, and floats on a sea surface. The float 3 restrained by the connecting rope does not go adrift.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation facility for avoiding that people who have encountered near a coast are evacuated and damaged by a large tsunami when a large tsunami or the like occurs.

  When a huge earthquake occurs at the bottom of the sea, a large tsunami may occur in the coastal area, and it is necessary to evacuate to a hill as soon as possible when a large tsunami strikes. However, it takes time for people near the coast to evacuate to safe hills. Also, depending on the size of the tsunami, even a few-story building near the coast may be destroyed, so evacuating to the building can be dangerous.

  For this reason, it has been proposed to install an evacuation facility that can evacuate against a tsunami near the coast. For example, in Patent Document 1, residents near the coast can evacuate quickly when a tsunami occurs, and sufficient safety can be ensured even when a high tsunami occurs. Therefore, a float-type tsunami evacuation shelter has been proposed that can be easily and quickly evacuated, and can be kept low in equipment costs and maintenance costs.

  Patent Document 2 proposes a float-type emergency shelter for evacuating when a flood damage such as a tsunami or flood occurs, and a construction method therefor. Furthermore, Patent Document 3 states that it can be used for meetinghouses and stockpiling warehouses during normal times, but in the event of a tsunami emergency, escape to the facility to escape difficulties, allowing for several days of castles while surpassing rain dew. A tsunami evacuation facility has been proposed.

JP 2006-112089 A JP 2012-251370 A JP 2012-188924 A

  The float type tsunami refuge described in Patent Document 1 is a tsunami refuge composed of a strut driven into the ground and an evacuation platform provided on the ground portion of the strut. The float type tsunami refuge is provided with a float that can float the refuge on the sea surface and can be lifted along the support column by the buoyancy of the float.

  In addition, the emergency shelter described in the cited document 2 is a float that is driven into the ground and stands on the ground, and a float that is inserted into the opening at the center and can be moved up and down by buoyancy along the pillar. And a structure that is disposed on the float, has a living space inside, has a support inserted into the opening in the center, and is movable up and down along the support by the buoyancy of the float.

  Further, the invention described in the cited document 3 has a configuration in which a saddle type float is accommodated in a pit formed by excavating the ground, and a support column standing on the ground is passed through the center of the float. Yes. And if it evacuates in the said float at the time of the tsunami attack, the float will raise along the said support | pillar by the seawater attack by a tsunami.

  The evacuation facilities disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above are structures that are restrained by a support column. For example, when a large tsunami hits a height beyond the support column, any evacuation facility is located on the water surface. It ’s going to fall underneath. For this reason, the evacuated people are attacked by seawater in the evacuation shelter and may be damaged.

  Therefore, it is conceivable that the height of the support column is higher than the predictable tsunami height, but in this case, the construction cost of the support column increases. In addition, the evacuation facilities disclosed in these Patent Documents 1 to 3 are normally installed on the ground or the sea surface, and in particular, in the evacuation facilities disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, it is necessary to ensure the installation location at the normal time. There is a risk that it will not be used functionally.

  In view of these problems, the present invention secures an evacuation place for people near the coast when the sea level may rise abnormally due to the occurrence of a large tsunami, and is not damaged by the sea level rise. The purpose is to provide a safe tsunami evacuation facility that can evacuate quickly.

  As technical means for achieving the above object, the tsunami evacuation facility according to the present invention is a tsunami evacuation facility for evacuating people in the vicinity of the coast when a tsunami strikes, and a foundation installed on the ground. A float detachably installed on the foundation, and a connecting rope connecting the foundation and the float. When the sea surface reaches the float, the float receives buoyancy from the foundation. It is characterized by leaving and floating on the sea surface.

  If a tsunami strikes, evacuate inside the float. When the sea level rises, the float also rises due to buoyancy and floats on the sea surface. Since the float which floated is connected with the foundation part by the connection cable, it does not drift even by the flow of seawater.

  Further, the tsunami evacuation facility according to the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the float receives a buoyancy larger on the upper side than on the lower side.

  For example, the float is composed of two upper and lower chambers, and food, drinking water, life jackets, medicines and the like are accommodated in the lower chamber, and the weight is increased by appropriate means. The evacuees are allowed to enter the upper chamber through the lower chamber. The upper chamber is made hollow by a large space so as to receive a large buoyancy. Since the upper part receives greater buoyancy, the float floats in a stable posture on the sea surface.

  According to the tsunami evacuation facility according to the present invention, when the sea level rises due to the tsunami, the float rises along with the rise of the sea level and leaves the foundation. The detached float floats on the surface of the sea until the tsunami disappears, ensuring the safety of people evacuated to the float.

  Moreover, since the foundation and the float are connected by the connecting cable, the float does not drift on the sea surface.

  Moreover, according to the tsunami evacuation facility according to the invention of claim 2, since the posture of the floating float is stabilized, the evacuated people can be relieved in the float.

It is a schematic top view which shows the state in the normal time of the evacuation facility for tsunamis concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which floated on the sea surface which the tsunami attacked to the tsunami evacuation facility which concerns on this invention, and rose.

  Hereinafter, the tsunami evacuation facility according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated preferred embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tsunami evacuation facility 1 according to the present invention. On the ground G, a dug foundation 2 is embedded and installed, and a float 3 is detachably held on the dug foundation 2 and installed. The digging foundation 2 is formed in an annular shape with concrete, steel, or the like around the foundation 4 formed and installed with concrete, and an annular shape that is loosely inserted into the lower part of the float 3. A gantry 3a is provided. For this reason, the digging foundation 2 and the pedestal 3a are designed to prevent the gantry 3a from shifting or dropping off from the digging foundation 2 when an earthquake occurs. It is. Further, as will be described later, when the float 3 rises together with the sea level due to the rise of the sea level due to the tsunami, it can be detached from the dug foundation 2.

  The float 3 is composed of the gantry 3a, a plurality of columns 3b whose lower ends are fixed to the gantry 3a, and an evacuation chamber 3c fixed and supported at the tip of the column 3b. . The evacuation chamber 3c has a substantially spherical upper portion and an inverted conical lower portion, and is preferably hollow and divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. It is preferable that drinking water, life jackets, medicines and the like are stored and the upper room is an evacuation room. The float 3 has a structure in which the volume of the upper chamber is larger than the volume of the lower chamber, and a balance weight or the like is disposed as necessary so that the upper portion receives a larger buoyancy than the lower portion. In addition, diagonal members 3f are spanned and connected to the columns 3b at appropriate positions, and the space between the columns 3b is reinforced.

  The roof of the evacuation room 3c is an observation deck 3d so that the observation deck 3d can enter and exit from the upper room. A safety fence 3e is installed around the observation deck 3d.

  An anti-slip material 6 such as a friction-increasing mat is annularly arranged below the gantry 3a so that the gantry 3a does not move inadvertently with respect to the digging foundation 2. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower part of the evacuation chamber 3 c of the float 3 and the dug foundation 2 are connected by a connecting line 5. The connecting cable 5 has a length that does not hinder the float 3 from floating on the sea surface even when the sea level rises more than expected due to the occurrence of a large tsunami.

  The operation of the tsunami evacuation facility 1 according to the present invention configured as described above will be described below.

  During normal times, the float 3 is installed in a state in which the gantry 3a is loosely inserted into the dug foundation 2, and for example, the float 3 can enter the inside of the float 3 and can further climb the observation deck 3d. So that you can see the scenery from the coast or use it to observe the ocean. Even when a roll is transmitted to the float 3 due to an earthquake, it is prevented from inadvertent movement because it is in contact with the anti-slip material 6.

  When a large tsunami or the like occurs, people evacuate to the float 3. The float 3 is provided with a door body (not shown), and the door body is opened to enter the evacuation room 3c. Further, when the door is closed after the evacuation is completed, the entrance is closed by the door and the water is not flooded into the evacuation chamber 3a. When the sea level rises after a major tsunami strikes, float 3 receives buoyancy and rises with the sea level. At this time, the float 3 is detached from the dug foundation portion 2. In addition, since the float 3 is connected to the dug foundation portion 2 by the connecting rope 5, it cannot be separated from the dug foundation portion 2 to a distance longer than the length of the linkage rope 5, and therefore the sea surface is There is no drifting. The connecting cable 5 has such a length that the float 3 can sufficiently float on the sea surface even when the sea level rises. In addition, since the float 3 can receive a larger buoyancy in the upper part, the upper chamber is located on the upper side and can float stably.

  As described above, the float 3 has a shape suitable for people to evacuate, and when the sea level rises due to a tsunami attack, etc., the float 3 is easily and postured along with the rise of the sea level. In a stable state, the shape can rise. In addition, the stability of the posture is ensured even when ascending to the surface of the sea, and even when other drifting object collides, the drifting object can be quickly eliminated by the flow of waves. Is preferred.

  When the tsunami disappears and the sea level descends, the float 3 also descends and reaches the ground G. People who have evacuated to the evacuation room 3c will be released from the evacuation room 3c by opening the doors. I can be spared.

  According to the tsunami evacuation facility according to the present invention, even if the sea level rises abnormally due to the invasion of a large tsunami, the tsunami can be avoided by the float floating on the sea surface, regardless of the scale of the tsunami, Contributes to safe evacuation of people.

G Ground 1 Tsunami Evacuation Facility 2 Foundation 3 Float
3a Mount
3b prop
3c Evacuation room
3d observation deck
3e Safety fence 4 Foundation part 5 Connecting cable 6 Anti-slip material

Claims (2)

In a tsunami evacuation facility for evacuation of people near the coast when a tsunami strikes,
A foundation installed on the ground;
A float installed detachably on the foundation,
Consists of connecting ropes connecting the foundation and the float,
A tsunami evacuation facility characterized in that, when the sea level reaches the float, the float receives buoyancy and separates from the foundation and floats on the sea surface.   2. The tsunami evacuation facility according to claim 1, wherein the float is configured to receive a buoyancy larger on an upper side than on a lower side.

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