JP4609955B1 - Tsunami shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

【Task】
In coastal areas, there is a high risk of tsunami damage from earthquakes, and many lives are sacrificed. The main reason for this is that the arrival of the tsunami is faster than expected, and in particular, it is extremely difficult for elderly and disabled people to evacuate to high ground. Therefore, we propose a tsunami shelter that can evacuate in a short time before the tsunami arrives.
[Solution]
The present invention has an evacuation container that has an openable entrance and can be floated on the water surface by maintaining a sealed state when closed, and guards its four corners to guide it so that it can slide up and down. Consists of a set of strut units (pedestals) consisting of multiple steel sheet piles. When a tsunami arrives, they enter the evacuation container and evacuate. With such a configuration, it is easy to install the tsunami shelter, and safety, convenience, and low cost can be satisfied.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

      The present invention relates to a tsunami shelter that evacuates when a tsunami arrives due to an earthquake and reduces human damage.

      In recent years, many large earthquakes have occurred in East Asia, and there are many casualties. The cause of the large number of casualties is that the heads were bruised by driftwood when they were swept away by the tsunami. In order not to meet the tsunami disaster, it is necessary to evacuate to a safe place as soon as possible, but there is not enough time to evacuate to high ground etc. when the place of the earthquake is near, and evacuation facilities are required near to you. . In particular, elderly people and people with disabilities cannot evacuate to high ground.

      Therefore, a tsunami shelter has been proposed that floats on the sea surface when a tsunami arrives (Patent Document 1). This shelter is configured so that the tsunami shelter body is placed on the foundation ground in a normal state, and when the tsunami arrives, the tsunami shelter body moves away from the foundation ground and floats on the sea surface when the sea level rises.

JP 2008-74385 A (see FIG. 1)

      However, in the tsunami shelter of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to make the strength of the connecting rope connected between the tsunami shelter body and the foundation ground and the strength of the connecting portion of the connecting rope considerably strong. If the strength of the connecting rope is weak, there is a risk that the connecting rope will be cut off and the tsunami shelter body will be washed offshore due to sudden sea level rise when the tsunami arrives and unimaginable movement of seawater. In addition, it is dangerous because the tsunami shelter body may be sunk into the water due to entanglement of drifting objects such as buildings, etc.

      Moreover, in the said tsunami shelter, although it is trying to suppress the rocking | fluctuation in the floating, considerable shaking is assumed and measures, such as fixing a body in a tsunami shelter main body, are also needed.

      Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a tsunami shelter device that can maintain a stable posture even when a tsunami arrives at a low price.

      The present invention includes, firstly, an evacuation container that can be floated by the water level of a tsunami, and a post that is driven into the soil to contact the two opposing corners of the evacuation container and guide the evacuation container in the vertical direction. A pair of pedestals and the inside of the lower part of the guide to obtain a certain space that can ensure safety even if people or suspended objects become underlays when the evacuation container rises due to the tsunami and returns to the original position between the pedestals And a mounting base.

      According to the present invention, secondly, the pedestal is provided with a stopper for preventing the evacuation container from rising above a prescribed value at the top of the column.

      Thirdly, according to the present invention, the pedestal includes the support column constituted by a pair of support column units, a guide column is connected to the support column unit, and the evacuation container is guided in the vertical direction by the guide column.

      4thly, this support | pillar is comprised combining several steel sheet piles.

      In the present invention, fifthly, the pedestal has an acute angle with respect to at least the arrival direction of the tsunami.

      According to the present invention, sixthly, the evacuation container is surrounded by a floor wall having a predetermined area, an outer wall standing at a predetermined height from the floor wall, and a ceiling wall closing the top of the outer wall. The container is a rectangular parallelepiped container having a predetermined volume of space, and at least an emergency hatch is provided on the ceiling wall.

      Seventhly, in the present invention, the evacuation container is provided with a handrail on at least one of the outside of the outer wall and the outer periphery of the ceiling wall.

      Eighthly, according to the present invention, the support column of the pedestal is fixed by putting concrete or crushed stone (ballast) in a portion surrounded by the steel sheet pile.

      The tsunami shelter of the present invention comprises a pair of evacuation containers that can be floated by the water level of the tsunami and struts that are driven into the soil to contact the two opposing corners of the evacuation container and guide the evacuation container in the vertical direction. A pedestal and a mounting base provided inside the lower part of the guide to obtain a certain space that can ensure safety even if a person or suspended matter becomes an underlay when the evacuation container rises due to a tsunami and returns to the original position between the pedestal and the base When urgently evacuating due to a tsunami, safety can be ensured by evacuating into the evacuation container of the tsunami shelter, and the evacuation container installation table is provided, After the tsunami, the evacuation container can be safely returned to its original location.

      Since the pedestal of the present invention is provided with a stopper that prevents the evacuation container from rising above a prescribed value at the top of the support column, even if it is a tsunami that exceeds the expected level, Absent.

      In the pedestal of the present invention, the support column is composed of a pair of support column units, a guide column is connected to the support column unit, and the escape column is guided in the vertical direction by the guide column. Will move up and down in the vertical direction but will not leave the pedestal.

      Since the said support | pillar of this invention is comprised by combining several steel sheet piles, it becomes a strong structure which formed the planar wall body as a whole. In addition, it is more robust and less expensive than other methods.

      The pedestal of the present invention has an acute angle at least with respect to the arrival direction of the tsunami, so that even if the impact of the tsunami that has struck is large, the energy is smoothly dispersed, and when a driftwood or the like collides The impact can be released and the evacuation container between the pedestals can be kept safe.

      The evacuation container according to the present invention is surrounded by a floor wall having a predetermined area, an outer wall erected at a predetermined height from the floor wall, and a ceiling wall covering the top of the outer wall, and has a space of a predetermined volume inside. It has a rectangular parallelepiped container, and at least the ceiling wall is equipped with an emergency hatch, so that it can be kept sealed when closed, so it is safe even if the evacuation container is temporarily submerged by a tsunami that exceeds the expected level. It can be secured. Moreover, since the emergency hatch is provided on the ceiling wall, it can be used for emergency rescue and evacuation when the doorway cannot be used.

      In the evacuation container according to the present invention, a handrail is provided on at least one of the outer side of the outer wall and the outer periphery of the ceiling wall. Therefore, even if the door of the evacuation container is closed when evacuation is delayed It is also possible to go up the handrail and evacuate onto the evacuation container, and further evacuate from the hatch into the evacuation container.

      In the pedestal column of the present invention, the portion surrounded by the steel sheet pile is fixed with concrete or crushed stone (ballast), so that the column is integrated and becomes stronger.

      First, description will be given based on an external perspective view of the tsunami shelter 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. The tsunami shelter 1 includes an evacuation container 4 that can be floated by the water level of the tsunami, and a pillar 13 that is driven into the soil to contact the two opposite corners of the evacuation container 4 and guide the evacuation container 4 in the vertical direction. When the evacuation container 4 rises due to a tsunami and returns to the original position between the pedestal 2 and the pedestal 2, a guide 14 is provided to obtain a certain space that can ensure safety even if a person or suspended matter becomes an underlay. It is comprised with the installation stand 19 provided inside the lower part.

      FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the evacuation container 4, a floor wall 10 having a predetermined area, outer walls 5, 6, 7, 8 erected at a predetermined height from the floor wall, and a ceiling covering the top of the outer wall. The container 4 is formed of a rectangular parallelepiped container 4 surrounded by a wall 9 and having a space of a predetermined volume. Opening doors 3 and 3 are provided on the outer walls 5 and 7. The structure, strength, and manufacturing technique of the rectangular parallelepiped container are well known and can be manufactured at low cost.

      Moreover, since the said evacuation container 4 can maintain a sealed state at the time of closing, safety can be ensured even if the evacuation container 4 is temporarily submerged by a tsunami exceeding the assumption. Moreover, since the emergency hatch 11 is provided on the ceiling wall 9, it can be used for emergency rescue and evacuation when the entrances 3 and 3 cannot be used.

      The hatch 11 provided on the ceiling wall 9 is made of glass or plastic having impact resistance, so that it is possible to check outside such as whether driftwood or the like is placed on the upper part of the evacuation container 4.

      Since handrails are provided on at least one of the outer sides of the outer walls 5 and 7 and the outer periphery of the ceiling wall 9 of the evacuation container 4, the handrails provided on the outer walls 5 and 7 are used when the evacuation is delayed. The evacuation container 4 can be evacuated. (Not shown)

      4 is a plan view of the evacuation container 4, the pedestal 2, and the installation base 19 constituting the tsunami shelter 1, FIG. 5 is a front view, and FIG. 6 is a side view. The pedestal 2 connects a guide column 14 to a column unit 13 formed by joining a plurality of steel sheet piles 12, 12, 12,... Driven into the soil, and the evacuation container 4 is moved up and down by the guide column 14 Guide in the direction.

      These support columns 14 and 14 are extended in the vertical direction, and guide the raising and lowering of the evacuation container 4. When the water level rises, the evacuation container 4 hangs upward from the soil along the support columns 14 and 14. The evacuation container 4 descends along the columns 14 and 14 when it rises by buoyancy within the range of the installed length 15 and the water level falls.

      The steel sheet piles 12, 12, 12,... Constituting the column unit 13 are steel sheet piles whose shapes are standardized according to the location and geology where the tsunami shelter 1 is installed <(examples of general-purpose steel sheet piles are shown in FIG. , U-type steel sheet pile (a), hat-type steel sheet pile (b), straight-type steel sheet pile (c)> or a steel sheet pile dedicated to the base of the tsunami shelter of the present invention is formed by rolling or welding. Can do.

      As an example, in FIG. 4, a welded steel sheet pile on the guide post 14 of the evacuation container 4, a general U-shaped steel sheet pile between the guide posts 14, 14 as a reinforcement of the guide posts 14, 14 and the support unit 13, a bent end. The parts 17 and 17 have a configuration using a welded steel sheet pile, and the other uses a general-purpose linear steel sheet pile.

      The stoppers 16 and 16 are attached to the upper portions of the columns 14 and 14 by a method such as welding or bolt fixing to prevent the evacuation container 4 from rising above a specified value. Prevents being swept away from the sea by 2

      The specified values of the stoppers 16 and 16 indicate the highest water level expected when the tsunami arrives, the stopper is provided at a position higher than the highest water level, and the evacuation container 4 does not flow over the sea at the position where the ascent of the evacuation container 4 stops. The evacuation container 4 is allowed to float on the water level.

      Moreover, the support | pillar unit 13 by the said support | pillars 12, 12, 12, ... has the bending parts 17 and 17 which become an acute angle toward the outer side of the evacuation container 4 arrange | positioned between these support | pillar units 13 and 13, as shown in FIG. The bent portion is formed in the tsunami arrival direction and the tsunami pulling direction, and when the tsunami arrives, the bent portion smoothly disperses the impact.

      The angle 17 of the bent portion is set in relation to the stress that the pedestal 2 assumed from the place where the tsunami shelter 1 is installed, the softness of the geology, and the depth at which the steel sheet pile is driven.

      Moreover, the support | pillar unit 13 can be integrated and hardened by hardening the part enclosed by the steel sheet pile of the said support | pillar unit 13 with concrete, or putting a crushed stone (ballast). (Not shown)

      When the evacuation container 4 rises between the pedestals 2 due to a tsunami and returns to its original position, an installation table 19 is provided inside the lower portion of the guide 14 in order to obtain a certain space that can ensure safety even if a person or a suspended object becomes an underlay. Although it is provided, the ground clearance is preferably 30 cm or more.

      As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is easy to install, and even if a tsunami arrives, it is possible to evacuate with peace of mind and to provide an inexpensive tsunami shelter. In addition, people who are late in evacuation can be rescued.

      In addition, on the coasts of tourist destinations such as the Republic of Indonesia and Melanesia, which have suffered major tsunami damage in recent years, the world-standard tsunami evacuation site logo mark is marked on the top of the pillar of the tsunami shelter and the evacuation container of the present invention. If you can set up and install a mechanism like this, you can travel with peace of mind.

      According to the present invention, a tsunami shelter capable of maintaining a stable posture even when a tsunami arrives and ensuring safety can be provided at a low price.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a prior art tsunami body shelter. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the tsunami shelter of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the evacuation container portion. FIG. 4 is also a plan view. FIG. 5 is a front view of the same. FIG. 6 is also a side view. FIG. 7 is a plan view for each type of general-purpose steel sheet pile.

1 Tsunami shelter
2 pedestal
3 Exit for evacuation
4 Evacuation containers
5 Front side wall
6 Left side wall
7 Rear side wall
8 Right side wall
9 Ceiling wall
10 Floor wall
11 Escape hatch
12 Steel sheet pile
13 Prop unit
14 Guide
15 Length from the ground to the top of the pedestal
16 Stopper
17 Folding part
18 Angle of bending part
19 Installation table
(a) U-shaped steel sheet pile
(b) Hat-type steel sheet pile
(c) Straight steel sheet pile

Claims (8)

A pair of pedestals comprising an evacuation container that can be floated by the water level of the tsunami, and struts that are driven into the soil to contact the two opposite corners of the evacuation container and guide the evacuation container in the vertical direction; In order to obtain a certain space that can ensure safety even if a person or a suspended object becomes an underlay when the evacuation container is lifted by a tsunami and returns to the original position, a mounting base provided inside the lower part of the guide is provided. Tsunami shelter. 2. The tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein the pedestal is provided with a stopper for preventing the evacuation container from rising above a prescribed value at the top of the support column. 3. The pedestal includes the support post configured by a pair of support units, a guide support post connected to the support unit, and the evacuation container being guided in the vertical direction by the guide support post. Tsunami shelter as described in. The tsunami shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the support column is configured by combining a plurality of steel sheet piles. The tsunami shelter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pedestal has an acute angle at least with respect to the arrival direction of the tsunami. The evacuation container is a rectangular parallelepiped shape surrounded by a floor wall having a predetermined area, an outer wall standing upright from the floor wall, and a ceiling wall covering the top of the outer wall, and having a predetermined volume space inside. The tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein an emergency hatch is provided on at least the ceiling wall. 2. The tsunami shelter according to claim 1, wherein the evacuation container is provided with handrails on at least one of an outer side of the outer wall and an outer periphery of the ceiling wall. The tsunami shelter according to claim 4, wherein the column of the pedestal is fixed with concrete or crushed stone surrounded by the steel sheet pile.