JP6065275B2 - Tsunami-capable floating small room with a weight placed under the buoyancy chamber via four chains - Google Patents

Description

  This invention is used as a residence in normal times, and when a large tsunami occurs due to a large earthquake, the floating small room floats on the surface of the water in a state where the floating small room is kept almost horizontal by the power of the large tsunami, and the floating small room It relates to the structure of a floating small room for evacuating safely by operating an outboard motor attached to the.

  The total of the dead and missing people who died due to the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 and the accompanying great tsunami reached more than 20,000 people. Large earthquakes such as the Tokai Trough Earthquake will continue in the future. It has been pointed out that there is a risk of a large tsunami, and it is indispensable to prepare measures for saving lives in the event of a disaster.

  In order to avoid encountering a tsunami disaster when a major earthquake occurs, it is necessary to evacuate to a safe high ground as soon as possible, but for people living near the epicenter or on coastal areas where there is no high ground There is no time to evacuate to high buildings, high grounds, etc., especially in the case of elderly people such as those with weak legs. It is very difficult to evacuate to the high rooftop by going up stairs, and when evacuating by car, it becomes difficult to move to the evacuation site due to traffic congestion etc. There was a high risk of death from being caught in a tsunami.

  Furthermore, the damage of the Nankai Trough earthquake shown in August last year was estimated to be up to 320,000 dead and total damage of 2.38 million, so a tower structure with a steel structure and a height of more than a dozen meters. A shelter building has also been proposed. However, there are still doubts about whether elderly people can climb stairs that are more than 10 meters high in a short time, and there is no guarantee that the height of the tsunami is within 10 meters or less. The stage has not been reached.

  In view of such a situation, a simple shelter capable of evacuating in a short time when a tsunami occurs is proposed in Patent Document 1, for example. This is a shelter that is integrally attached to the house and can be moved in and out of the house. The shelter that separates the shelter from the house and the shelter separated from the house are sealed when the tsunami strikes. And a shelter that floats on water when separated from the house.

  However, in Patent Document 1, if the entire house is swallowed by high waves, the shelter may be crushed by the house and cannot rise to the surface of the water, and the shelter itself can be kept level with respect to the water surface. There was a possibility that the shelter was swallowed by a large tsunami, and the refugees could be injured by rolling over or overturning, so the problem remained as a shelter for tsunami evacuation.

  Further, for example, in Patent Document 2, the roof portion of a building is formed by a shelter having a sealed space, and the shelter is arranged above the living portion, and the upper portion is formed in a roof shape, and the lower portion is formed in a substantially ship bottom shape. The shelter that can be sealed is a shelter in which the living part and the shelter are fixed and integrated via an attaching means.

  However, since Patent Document 2 is a shelter having a sealed space, there is a problem in terms of lighting and ventilation for use as a living space in normal times, and when a large tsunami comes in, the shelter is large. There was a risk of getting involved in the tsunami and causing the shelter to roll over and capsize.

  Furthermore, for example, Patent Document 3 proposes a technique for raising and lowering the evacuation tower by driving a hydraulic cylinder connected to a strut fixed in the ground. However, when a large tsunami that exceeds the height that can be raised and lowered is approaching It was insufficient as a countermeasure.

JP2007-277998 JP2012-233306 JP 2006-112088 A

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and can be easily evacuated in a short time even by an elderly person or a child when a large tsunami occurs, It is an object of the present invention to provide a floating small room that can eliminate the danger of being caught in a room and can be constructed at a low cost with a simple structure.

  Furthermore, it is extremely rare to use the levitation type small room of the present invention for evacuation of a large tsunami. Therefore, in normal times, it should be used as a small room for living like a general house. Based on the premise, it is an object to provide a refuge that can rise to almost any large tsunami without rising or overturning even if it encounters a large tsunami and rising in a generally horizontal state.

  In addition, even when a floating small room was swept away from the coast by a tsunami that traveled from the coast to the offshore, which became a problem in the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011, the land itself was landed by itself. It is an object of the present invention to provide a floating type small room that can be returned to.

In order to solve such a problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a floating type small room that can be evacuated in the event of a large tsunami , and is made of steel formed in a rectangular parallelepiped at the center of the foundation structure built on the ground. A weight is attached to the center of the upper surface of the weight, and a single bracket is attached to the top of the weight. Attach eyebolts to the lower corners of the columns, weld the upper and lower beams made of square steel pipes to the upper and lower parts of the adjacent side surfaces of the columns, and join them to the lower beams so that the bottom surface is in a lattice pattern. Flat steel is welded to form floor beams, flat steel plates are welded and attached to the outer side, a buoyancy chamber fitted with expanded polystyrene foam is placed inside, and a one-story house is built above the buoyancy chamber To the buoyancy chamber column and upper beam. The bolt is fixed to the base of the one-storied house with a nut, and when the one-story house is washed away by a tsunami and floats on the surface of the water, the steel weight sinks to a position 2 meters below the buoyancy chamber. The one-storied house constructed so that it is united with the buoyancy chamber when a large tsunami rushes is maintained in a generally horizontal state. The outboard motor door is opened and fixed, and the outboard motor installed sideways on the indoor side of the outboard motor door is lowered to operate and a one-story house is installed. It is characterized by self-running.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a steel weight formed in a rectangular parallelepiped is arranged in the center of the foundation structure constructed on the ground in a floating small room that can be evacuated when a large tsunami occurs. At the center of the upper surface of the weight, attach a single hanging bracket that has a round shape and an anchor bolt shape to attach the chain, and place square steel pillars at the four corners above the weight. Attach eyebolts to the corners, weld the upper and lower beams made of square steel pipes to the upper and lower parts of the adjacent side surfaces of the support and weld them, and weld the flat steel to the lower beams so that the bottom is a face grid. The floor beam is formed, and a flat steel plate is welded and attached to the outer side surface, a buoyancy chamber fitted with expanded polystyrene foam is placed on the inside, a one-storied house is constructed above the buoyancy chamber, and the buoyancy chamber Bolts welded to the upper column and upper beam Four chains of the same length so that the steel weight sinks to the position 2 meters below the buoyancy chamber when the one-story house is washed away by a tsunami and floated on the water surface with a nut fixed to the base of the house A one-storied house constructed so as to be united with the buoyancy chamber when a large tsunami rushes , is attached to the one weight hanging bracket and the eyebolts at the four corners. Leaving, opening the outboard door for the outboard motor, fixing the door, lowering the outboard motor installed sideways on the indoor side of the outboard door for the outboard motor, and operating the one-story house By using a one-story house as a living room during normal times, it serves as a life-saving house for safe evacuation in the event of a large tsunami. Foamed police with very little water absorption Renfoam was enclosed with steel plates and used as a buoyant material to float a one-story house on the surface of the water, making it possible to build a highly safe tsunami-responsive floating small room with a simple structure and low cost. .

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

  1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention.

  1 and 2 show a three-dimensional view of the foundation 25, the buoyancy chamber 11 and the one-story house 1 of the tsunami-capable floating small room of the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows the buoyancy chamber 11 in an exploded view of parts, FIG. 2 shows the buoyancy chamber 11 in an assembly view. The foundation structures 17, 18, 19, 21 of the foundation part 25 are constructed on the ground, and a steel weight 23 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped is placed on the ground at the center of the foundation structures 17, 18, 19, 21. At the center of the upper surface of the weight 23, a suspension bracket 22 having a round shape and an anchor bolt shape is attached to the chain 24, and square steel pillars 10 are arranged at the four corners on the upper part. A chain fixing bracket 13 (eye bolt) is attached to the lower corner, a chain 24 of the same length is attached to the chain fixing bracket 13, and the upper and lower portions of adjacent side surfaces of the column 10 are formed of square steel pipes. The upper beam 16 and the lower beam 15 are welded and joined, and a flat steel material is welded to the lower beam 15 so that the bottom surface has a plane lattice shape, thereby forming a floor beam 14 and a skeleton around the buoyancy chamber 11. A flat plate is formed on the outer side surface of the upper beam 16 and the lower beam 15. The plate 12 is welded and attached, and the expanded polystyrene foam 9 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape inside the buoyancy chamber 11 having the above-described configuration is formed (four expanded polystyrene foams are arranged to form one expanded polystyrene foam 9. The one-storied house 1 is constructed so as to be integrated with the buoyancy chamber 11 in the upper part of the buoyancy chamber 11, and the entrance door 6 is attached to the one-storied house 1, and the entrance door 6 is opened from the outside to enter the room. A staircase 20 fixed to the ground is arranged outside the entrance door 6 so that it can be made.

  The reason why foamed polystyrene foam 9 is used for the buoyancy chamber 11 is that it is light and strong, easy to process, and even if it is immersed in water for a long time, it only adheres to the surface and absorbs very little water. The buoyancy material of the present invention does not swell, soften, deform or alter even when immersed, has a water absorption of approximately one-third that of rigid urethane foam, and is difficult to absorb water. It is optimal as a one-story house 1 to be constructed, and it can be easily handled by changing the volume of the buoyancy chamber 11 and increasing / decreasing the amount of the expanded polystyrene foam 9 with respect to the size (the floor area) and the weight of the one-story house 1 to be constructed. I can do it. With this configuration, even if a large tsunami comes near, the one-story house 1 can be levitated on the surface of the large tsunami by the buoyancy of the expanded polystyrene foam 9 fitted in the buoyancy chamber 11. became.

  Further, the one-storied house 1 is made of a general conventional construction house, a two-by-four house, and a lightweight steel-frame house, and the buoyancy chamber 11 and the one-story house 1 are bolts welded to the column 10 and the upper beam 16 of the buoyancy chamber 11 ( By fixing nuts (not shown) to the base (not shown) of the one-story house 1 by using a nut (not shown), the buoyancy chamber 11 and the one-story house 1 are integrated, and a heat insulating material is used inside the wall, The one-storied house 1 is constructed so that flooring is applied to the floor so that daily life can be comfortably spent. In addition, in order to protect the human body necessary for evacuating in the winter from the cold inside the one-storied house 1, there will be at least a “heat insulation seat for four people”, a “hand-held radio with a flashlight”, a “flute”, To moor the one-storied house 1 "drainage" that can pump out water that has entered the interior, and to use it for large and small urine, "all with mochi" to evacuate the one-story house 1 to a safe place "Rope" is equipped.

  FIG. 3 shows the attachment of the four chains 24 attached to the chain fixing bracket 13 at the lower corner of the column 10 to the suspension bracket 22 of the weight 23 described with reference to FIGS. , 19, 21, the buoyancy chamber 11 is placed on top of the buoyancy chamber 11, and the one-story house 1 is constructed so as to be integrated with the buoyancy chamber 11 in a three-dimensional view.

  FIG. 4 shows that the buoyancy chamber 11 sinks below the water surface 30 when the one-story house 1 constructed so as to be integrated with the buoyancy chamber 11 is lifted by a large tsunami on the buoyancy chamber 11 described in FIG. The state where the one-storied house 1 floats on the water surface 30 of the large tsunami is shown in a three-dimensional view.

  If you encounter a major earthquake, evacuate to the tsunami-capable floating small room of the present invention and close the entrance door 6 as soon as the first major tsunami comes. Even when the ship goes up like a big wave, the buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber 11 fitted with the expanded polystyrene foam 9 lifts the one-storied house 1 onto the large tsunami. A steel weight 23 is placed in the center of the foundation structure built on the ground, and four chains 24 of the same length are attached to the suspension bracket 22 attached to the weight 23 and attached to the lower four corners of the levitation chamber 11. When the one-story house 1 and the four chains 24 are connected to each other and the one-storied house 1 is lifted by a large wave, the weight 23 is located directly under the center of the floor of the one-story house 1, One-story house When the tsunami floats on the surface of a large tsunami, the weight 23 is also pulled by the chain 24, the center of gravity of the one-storied house 1 moves directly under the center of the floor, and the center of gravity of the one-storied house 1 is lowered. The chain 24 attached near the location of the buoyancy chamber 11 that the large wave is trying to lift strongly strengthens the weight 23 even if only one end of the one-storied house 1 is lifted by the first large wave. By pulling, only one end of the one-story house 1 is lifted, and there is a risk that the one-story house 1 rolls over or overturns when the one-story house 1 rises smoothly in a substantially horizontal state. Disappear. The length of the chain 24 attached to the weight 23 is set such that the weight 23 sinks to a position of 1 to 2 meters below the buoyancy chamber 11 in a state where the one-story house 1 floats on the water surface 30.

  As described above, the buoyancy chamber 11 in which the expanded polystyrene foam 9 is fitted is arranged in the lower part of the one-story house 1 and the buoyancy chamber 11 is surrounded by the steel plate 12, so that the one-story house 1 is being swept away by the water surface of a large tsunami. In addition, even when the one-storied house 1 comes into contact with a car, a utility pole, a building, etc., even if the buoyancy chamber 11 or the one-story house 1 surrounded by a flat steel plate is partially damaged, the expanded polystyrene foam Since No. 9 absorbs little water, the one-story house 1 can be safely evacuated without sinking in the water.

  FIGS. 5 a and 6 show the attachment position of the outboard motor opening door 35 attached to the one-story house 1 and the outboard motor 36 attached to the outboard motor opening door 35. Further, in FIG. 6, after the one-story house 1 connected to the buoyancy chamber 11 rises to the surface of a large tsunami, the outboard motor 37 is opened and fixed, and the outboard motor installed on the open / close door 37 is fixed. The state which moved and moved 36 to the lower attachment metal fitting is shown with a three-dimensional view. The outboard motor 36 used in this case is easy to store fuel (mixed gasoline) by using an outboard motor using a two-stroke engine of about 2 horsepower generally marketed for small boats. It is light and easy to operate and can be moved easily.

  FIG. 5B shows the positional relationship between the position of the outboard motor upper mounting bracket 41 attached to the open / close door 37 and the vertical position of the outboard motor lower mounting bracket 43 when the open / close door 37 of the outer door 35 for the outboard motor is closed. Indicates. FIG. 5 c shows a state in which the outboard motor 36 is attached to the inside of the open / close door 37 in the lateral direction to the outboard motor upper mounting bracket 41 described in FIG. FIG. 5d shows that the open / close door 37 described in FIG. 5c is opened 90 degrees outward, and a hook-shaped door fixing hook 44 attached to the open / close door 37 is attached to the door frame 38 and is semi-circular. The state where it is hooked and fixed is shown. By fixing the opening / closing door 37 in this way, the outboard motor 36 is arranged so as to face the traveling direction with respect to the one-story house 1. The shapes of the outboard motor upper mounting bracket 41 and the outboard motor lower mounting bracket 43 differ depending on the type and size (horsepower) of the outboard motor 36 to be installed, and the positions for mounting the outboard motor upper mounting bracket 41 are as follows. When the tsunami-capable floating small room of the present invention is swept away by a large tsunami and the open / close door 37 is opened 90 degrees outward, the outboard motor 36 is attached at a position where it does not contact the door frame 38. Further, the position for attaching the outboard motor lower mounting bracket 43 is such that the open / close door 37 of the outboard door 35 is opened 90 degrees outward, and the open / close door 37 is fixed by the door fixing hook 44 and the hook fixing hardware 45. When the outboard motor 36 is removed from the outboard motor upper mounting bracket 41 and transferred to the outboard motor lower mounting bracket 43, the screw of the outboard motor 36 is mounted at a position where it is sufficiently submerged in water.

  By configuring the outboard door 35 for the outboard motor in this way, the outboard motor 36 can be arranged so that it does not interfere with the room even during normal times. Even in such a state, the outboard motor 36 is fixed to the outside of the one-story house 1 by a simple operation of simply opening the open / close door 37 and moving the outboard motor 36 to the lower outboard motor lower mounting bracket 43. Since it becomes possible to operate, even if the one-story house 1 was swept offshore by a tsunami that traveled offshore from the coast, it was possible to return to the land safely on its own.

  FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view showing a state where the one-storied house 1 constructed so as to be integrated with the buoyancy chamber 11 on the upper part of the buoyancy chamber 11 described in FIG. As described with reference to FIG. 5d, the open / close door 37 of the outboard door 35 for the outboard motor is opened 90 degrees outward, and the open / close door 37 is fixed by the door fixing hook 44 and the hook fixing hardware 45. Is removed from the outboard motor upper mounting bracket 41 and transferred to the outboard motor lower mounting bracket 43, and the one-storied house 1 floats on the water surface 46 and can be self-propelled.

As described above, based on the embodiment, the tsunami-responsive floating small room in which the weight is arranged via the four chains below the buoyancy chamber according to the present invention has been described in detail. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and it goes without saying that even if various modifications are made without departing from the spirit of the invention, they belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the engagement method between the pillar 10 and the foundation structure is not described, but a square hole is made in a part of the foundation structure like an old shrine pillar and stone, and the lower part of the pillar 10 By forming the reverse convex part in the base and engaging the square hole and the reverse convex part of the foundation structure, even if the one-storied house shakes due to an earthquake etc., it prevents the house from falling off the foundation and collapsing. Of course, when a one-story house is lifted by a tsunami, it is possible to automatically disengage the engagement between the square hole and the reverse projection.

  1 and 2, the shape of the weight 23 has been described as a rectangular parallelepiped. However, in consideration of the stability and shaking of the weight 23 in water, it is of course possible to use a weight in the shape of a cube or a cylinder. Is possible.

  5 and 6, only the entrance door 6 is attached to the wall on the opposite side of the wall to which the outboard motor 36 is attached. However, it is assumed that one person evacuates to the one-storied house 1 and makes one-story house 1 run alone. Assuming such a case, it is possible to make the one-storied house 1 self-propelled more safely by attaching transparent windows or the like that can look forward on both sides of the entrance door 6.

The base part, buoyancy room, and one-story house of a tsunami-responsive floating small room according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown in a three-dimensional view, and the buoyancy room is shown in an exploded view of parts. The base part, buoyancy room, and one-story house of a tsunami-responsive floating small room according to the embodiment are shown in a three-dimensional view. The one-story house constructed so as to be integrated with the buoyancy chamber at the top of the buoyancy chamber according to the embodiment is shown in a three-dimensional view. The one-story house demonstrated in FIG. 3 based on the embodiment is shown in a three-dimensional view in a state where it floats on a large tsunami. The attachment position of the door for outboard motors concerning the embodiment, and the state where the outboard motor is attached to the doors for outboard motors are shown. In addition, after the one-story house connected to the buoyancy chamber is lifted above the tsunami, the outboard door for the outboard motor is opened and fixed, and the outboard motor installed on the door is lowered and operated. Shown in the figure. FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view showing a state in which a one-storied house constructed so as to be integrated with a buoyancy chamber on the upper part of the buoyancy chamber described in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 One-story house 2 Roof 3 Window 4 Wall surface 5 Door frame 6 Doorway door 7 Door handle 8 Doorway 9 Polyurethane foam 10 Strut 11 Buoyancy chamber 12 Steel plate 13 Chain fixing bracket 14 Floor beam 15 Lower beam 16 Upper beam 17 Foundation structure 18 Foundation Structure 19 foundation structure 20 stairs 21 foundation structure 22 suspension bracket 23 weight 24 chain 25 foundation 30 water surface 35 outboard door 36 for outboard motor 37 outboard door 38 door frame 39 door handle 40 hinge 41 ship Outer motor upper mounting bracket 42 Hinge 43 Outboard motor lower mounting bracket 44 Door fixing hook 45 Hook fixing hardware 46 Water surface

Claims (1)

In a floating small room that can be evacuated when a large tsunami occurs, a steel weight formed in a rectangular parallelepiped is placed in the center of the foundation structure built on the ground, and a chain is attached to the center of the upper surface of the weight Attach a single hanging bracket with a round shape and anchor bolt shape, place a square steel pillar at the top of the weight, and attach an eyebolt to the lower corner of the pillar, next to the pillar Weld and join the upper and lower beams formed of square steel pipes to the upper and lower parts of the side surface, weld the flat steel material to the lower beam so that the bottom surface is a face grid, and form the floor beam on the outer side surface A flat steel plate is welded and mounted, a buoyancy chamber fitted with foamed polystyrene foam is placed inside, a one-story house is built above the buoyancy chamber, and bolts welded to the buoyancy chamber columns and upper beams Fix it with a nut on the base of a one-story house, In the state floating on the water surface serial one-story house is shed tsunami, the four chains of the same length as the steel weight sink to the position of the lower electrode dual meter buoyancy chamber, hanging one of said weight Mounted on the brackets and eyebolts at the four corners, and when a large tsunami rushes, a one-story house built so as to be integrated with the buoyancy chamber is levitated to the water surface in a state of maintaining a substantially horizontal state, and is opened outside the outboard motor. Under the buoyancy chamber, which is characterized by opening the door and fixing the door, lowering the outboard motor installed sideways on the indoor side of the outboard door for the outboard motor, and operating the one-story house. A tsunami levitation type small room with weights placed through four chains .

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