JP2006226098A - Refuge cage and its work execution method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refuge cage and a work execution method for its simple and strong construction, utilizing palm trees, utility poles, etc. <P>SOLUTION: This invention concerns a method of constructing a refuge cage that can secure a high place for safety in the case of occurrence of tidal waves, floods, etc. The high-place refuge cage consists of materials required for people to go up and down and is constructed, fixed to ground, utilizing natural or artificial high things such as trees, utility or other erected poles. Also, the invention concerns a high-place refuge cage for safety against disasters like tidal waves, floods, etc. , which consists of materials required for people to go up and down and a high-place refuge cage and is constructed utilizing natural or artificial high erected things like trees, utility and other erected poles, with the materials for going up and down being able to be fixed to ground. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an evacuation device and a construction method thereof.

  From the past, tsunamis caused by earthquakes have caused tremendous disasters.

Problems to be solved by the invention

By the way, at the time of such a tsunami, there are many places where there is no height, but there are few facilities that can be climbed nearby, and this is the cause of repeated disasters. .
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation device that can be easily and strongly installed using a palm tree, a utility pole, or the like, and a construction method therefor.

Means for solving the problem

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a construction method of an evacuation device that can evacuate to a high place in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami or flood, and it is natural or artificial such as standing trees, utility poles, standing poles, etc. An evacuation device having an elevating material and a high place evacuation part is fixedly installed on the ground with a typical high stretch object as a subject of reception.
In addition, the said receiving includes the case which has the relationship received at any time of the load at the time of normal time and tsunami, and, of course, is usually separated from the high elongation material and the high elongation material. Although it is not in a state of being accepted, it also includes a case in which the relationship is accepted for the first time when a load associated with a tsunami or the like is applied.
The invention according to claim 2 is an evacuation device that can evacuate to a high place in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami or flood, and has a lifting material and a high place evacuation part, such as standing trees, utility poles, standing poles, etc. Or it has the part which can be received by the artificial high elongation object, and the raising / lowering material is comprised so that fixing to the ground is possible.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the buffering means is arranged as a combination on the front side and / or the rear side where the tsunami strikes.
The invention according to claim 4 is the evacuation device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the high-area evacuation part also includes a bridge part connecting a plurality of high stretch articles.

The invention's effect

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the evacuation apparatus which can be erected easily and strongly using a palm tree, a utility pole, etc., and can reduce a disaster significantly, and its construction method can be provided.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Various contents described in the following embodiments also apply to other embodiments.
1 and 2 show an embodiment of an evacuation device and its construction method according to the present invention.
In the embodiment, reference numeral 1 is a highly stretched and highly stretched product such as a palm tree, which is often seen in a region such as the coast or in the town as in overseas. The stretched product 1 is provided with an evacuation device. This includes both those that are standing from the front and those that are implanted when installing the evacuation device. Therefore, the high elongation object 1 includes not only various trees such as palms and utility poles but also artificial things such as standing poles whose bases are fixed by burial or the like. The same applies hereinafter. 2 is the ground such as sand, X is the direction of the tsunami, Y is the direction of the return flow.

  A is an evacuation device, and the device A has a lifting material 4 with a simple lifting handrail 3 that can be moved up and down, and a high place evacuation part (evacuation stage) 6 with an enclosure handrail 5 that is integrally provided at the upper end thereof. . The evacuation device A is a combination of a front device a and a rear device b on the tsunami attack side.

  In each of the devices a and b, as shown in the upper right column of FIG. 2, the high place evacuation part 6 includes an outer frame body 7 having a rectangular planar shape in which a quadrangle is halved, and a mesh member 8 stretched on the inner surface thereof. It is made of an extremely lightweight and simple material. A half flange 9 is fixed to the middle side rear surface of the long side of the high place evacuation portion 6, and a holding body 11 having a semi-cylindrical shape and an ear piece 10 is projected through the flange 9. ing.

The two holding bodies 11, 11 are combined as shown in the figure, and the ear pieces 10, 10 are connected to each other by the fasteners 12. ing. Reference numeral 13 denotes a breathable cushioning material, which cushioning material 13 does not damage the highly stretched product 1 or prevent its growth. Reference numeral 14 denotes a connecting seat plate, which protrudes from one high place evacuation part 6 and overlaps the other side high place evacuation part 6 side, and the both devices a and b are connected by a fastener 12. . Reference numeral 15 denotes a mating surface of the front and rear devices a and b.
In addition, although the horizontal beam part of the said raising / lowering material 4 is made into the type which has a step board, the ladder beam by rods, such as a rod, a pipe, an angle, a wire, etc. may be sufficient. The vertical girder of the lifting / lowering member 4 can be made of metal such as a circle, square, or angle, wood, plastic, or the like, and may also use wires or other ropes or link chains.
Moreover, although the vertical girder of the raising / lowering material 4 was provided in a pair on the left and right, it may be of a type in which a single string is passed through the center or the side.
In addition, after attaching the high altitude evacuation part 6 to the high stretch object 1, a plurality of rope ladders are suspended from the high altitude evacuation part 6 to fix the lower end to the ground or the high elongation object 1 side or to make it free. Evacuation devices can also be constructed.
The evacuation device A is entirely made of metal, but the whole may be made of wood, or a part may be made of metal and the other part may be made of wood. For example, the hoisting and lowering material 4 assumed to be a tsunami load may be made of metal, and the high place evacuation portion 6 may be made of wood.

  Such an apparatus A is installed as follows. As shown in phantom lines in FIG. 2, excavation holes W are formed by hand digging or construction machine excavation with a depth of about 1 to 2 m at desired locations in the front and rear of the base of the high elongation object 1. A buffer member 17 is erected on the front side of W (the rear side in the rear). The buffer member 17 is formed in a column shape by a metal pipe or wood, and is fixed upright by anchors 19 with the base flange 18 placed on the hole bottom. The anchor 19 can also be driven in an oblique direction through a hole in the oblique direction opened in the buffer member 17 as indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. Further, a link chain or a rope having one end connected to the buffer member 17 including the base flange 18 may be extended into the excavation hole W and embedded and fixed. Further, as shown in the upper right column diagram of FIG. 14 to be described later, it is possible to embed and fix the legs extending radially around the base portion of the buffer member 17 in the soil. The radially extending legs extend horizontally from the peripheral surface of the buffer member 17, but may extend upward or downward. Legs extending upward and downward or horizontally may be appropriately combined.

  On the other hand, the base of each lifting member 4 of the apparatus A is also embedded and fixed in the excavation hole W at the same time. That is, the long extended portion of the lower part of the lifting material 4 is extended to the ground and embedded at the same time. Then, when embedding the lower part of the lifting material 4 (or after embedding), the anchors 19 are driven through projecting pieces provided on the side surfaces of the lifting material 4 so that the lower part of the lifting member 4 is fixed. As shown in FIG. 2, the high elongation product 1 may be reinforced with an oblique reinforcing material 20.

The buffer member 17 side including the base flange 18 and the lifting material 4 may be interconnected when excavated in advance or after being embedded.
Moreover, although the rear raising / lowering material 4 was single, you may make it a left-right pair as shown by the virtual line in FIG. This is also true on the front side. Therefore, the number of lifting materials 4 is not limited in front and back. The elevating material 4 may be provided sideways.
Furthermore, as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 2, the lower and upper members 4 may be provided with a substrate 21 and fixed with an anchor 19 or embedded and fixed. In this case, the anchor 19 may be driven through the cylinder on the side surface of the lifting material 4.
Further, in the above embodiment, the holding body 11 is held by the high elongation object 1 via the cushioning material 13, but the high elongation object 1 is only received when a tsunami strikes with a gap. You may make it bear. According to this, the damage to the high elongation object 1 etc. are prevented more effectively.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the raising / lowering material 4 is set on the surface parallel to the tsunami invasion direction, for example, if it says in FIG. It may be. That is, the directionality of the elevating material 4 is not limited to the above.
Further, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 1, a safety enclosure for protecting a person who evacuates may be formed around the outer periphery of the device A by the piles 22. In this case, the passage 24 is left so that it is easy to evacuate.
Further, the high place evacuation part 6 may be a circle or another polygon instead of a square.
Further, the lifting material 4 may be a simple ladder.
Moreover, although the said raising / lowering material 4 paired front and rear like FIG. 2, for example, only the left side of FIG. 2 or only the right side may be sufficient.
Further, a cushioning material such as an elastic material may be provided around the shock-absorbing member 17 at least on the surface where the tsunami comes in (including the return flow side). In this case, the waste tire can be used as a cushioning material.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. The embodiment shows a simple evacuation device in which the lifting material 28 is wide and the height evacuation part 29 is also the same width. The elevating member 28 is extremely simple and strong like a ladder, and the high place evacuation part 29 has a mesh member 31 including grating in the outer frame pipe 30 and is easily installed and has the necessary strength. Is to satisfy. 32 is a holding body and 33 is a buffer material. Reference numeral 34 denotes a tension wire.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, an evacuation apparatus 40 having a base seat plate 36 and an integrated high place evacuation part 39 between the upper ends of a pair of simple ladder-type lifting members 38 that can be fixed by an anchor 37 is a highly stretched product. 1, standing up close to the side of 1, and connecting the high stretched material 1 and the evacuation device 40 side with a connecting member (rope, link chain, etc.) 41 at the upper part, and via the anchor 37 to the seat plate 36. Thus, the device 40 is completely fixed. Of course, the evacuation device 40 may be fixed by embedding the base portion in the excavation hole as described above.
The method of the embodiment is advantageous in that the construction can be performed very easily and quickly because the device 40 may be erected on the side of the high-stretch product 1 to be connected and fixed to the lower part.

The apparatus 40 may be arranged side by side like a virtual line. In this case, it is advantageous in terms of strength to connect both devices 40 with a rubber belt, a chain, or a rope. It is also possible to interconnect the three members of the highly stretched product 1 and both devices 40.
Further, as shown by the phantom line in the figure, the hang part 42 is extended to the side part of the solid line device 40 to widen the high place evacuation part 39 and the same part 39 can be received by the high elongation object 1. It may be. The pair of devices 40 may be connected using the hang part 42 as a connecting part.
Further, a reinforcing member 43 may be used between the lifting members 38 of the device 40. The reinforcing member 43 may be connected up to the high elongation product 1. Reference numeral 44 denotes an embedded basic body, which may be reinforced by connecting the basic body 44 and the lifting member 38. Such an embedded base body 44 can also be used in various embodiments.
In the above-described embodiment, the lifting material 38 and the high place evacuation portion 39 are integrated, but the lifting material 38 is hinged to the high place evacuation portion 39 so that it can be folded and transported, or the high place evacuation site can be evacuated at the site. You may make it connect the part 39 and a pair of raising / lowering material 38. FIG.
Furthermore, the staircase portion 38 can be embedded and fixed.
Moreover, although the said raising / lowering material 38 was comprised by a pair, what attached the high place evacuation part 39 to only one side may be sufficient. In this case, another support leg may be suspended vertically from the high place evacuation part 39 or the lifting material 38 and supported. Alternatively, a pair of lifting parts 39 attached to one lifting member 38 may be disposed on both sides of the high-elongation product 1 and connected to the high-elongation product 1.

5 and 6 show another embodiment. On the ground 48, the highly stretched product 1 stands high. The evacuation device 49 using these adjacent high stretched products 1 and 1 is provided here. 50 is an elevating material, 51 is a high place evacuation part, and the pair of high place evacuation parts 51 are connected and fixed to the high stretched material 1 by a holding body 52, and the elevating material 50 is connected via an embedded base body 53. The anchor is fixed. Between the high place evacuation parts 51, 51, a long high place evacuation bridge 56 is mounted on the connection part 54 via fastening members 55. The evacuation stage is composed of the high place evacuation bridge 56 and the high place evacuation part 51. Reference numeral 57 denotes a tensile reinforcement member.
Although the embodiment of FIG. 5 is a single-row type, it can be configured with two or more rows. In the above-described embodiment, the configuration is between two high-stretch products 1, but the apparatus can be configured in association with three or more high-stretch products 1.

  In addition, as shown with a virtual line, you may provide the auxiliary | assistant raising / lowering material 58 so that evacuation bridge 56 can evacuate also from another path | route. Reference numeral 59 denotes a buffer member.

FIG. 7 shows an improvement plan in the right part of FIG. A cutout 64 is formed in a side portion of the high place evacuation portion 63 so that the high stretch product 1 can be accommodated therein. Reference numeral 65 denotes a pressing plate.
FIG. 8 is a diagram in which the high stretch product 1 comes to the outside of the high place evacuation portion 67 without the notch 64. Reference numeral 68 denotes a hug.

  FIG. 9 shows another embodiment. 71 indicates a coastal sand beach, 72 indicates a coastal hill, 73 indicates a coastal street, 74 indicates an inner street, and 75 indicates a sidewalk. In this case, a large number of opposing piles 77 and 78 are arranged in the coastal hill 72 in preparation for the tsunami attack from the X direction. Among them, the first opposing piles 77 in the first three rows are in the same row on the left and right sides at a substantially constant interval, but the second opposing piles 78 in the fourth and subsequent rows correspond to the adjacent first opposing piles 77. It has a staggered arrangement. Anything that flows with the tsunami is effectively prevented here. Moreover, the third opposing piles 79 are set up on the sidewalk 75 facing the coastal street 73 and the inner street 74 so that the damage caused by the tsunami is reduced in houses and buildings.

  FIG. 10 deals with the arrangement of opposing piles 83 along the sidewalk 82 facing the inner street 81 that is slightly behind the coastline. The pile 83 may float by buoyancy.

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show not only the arrangement of the opposing piles 88 on the sidewalk 87 but also the high poles on the left and right sidewalks 87 in the case where the sidewalks 87 are provided on both sides of the inner street 86 (the sidewalks 87 may be omitted). 89 is provided, and a water-resistant material 90 that can be lowered and closed via these poles 89 is provided. 91 is a winch. By releasing this winch 91, the water flow-resistant material 90 is immediately lowered, so that any tangible material accompanying the tsunami can be stopped here, and only water is allowed to pass through. Excessive load and flooding can be eliminated.
Note that the water flow-resistant material 90 may be swingable like a virtual line.

  13 and 14 show another embodiment. 94 is a ground near the coast, and on the ground 94, a plurality of support columns 95 are set up perpendicularly to the direction in which the tsunami X strikes. These struts 95 are arranged at the front and rear, and are all embedded in the ground 94 as shown in FIG. 14, but the lower ends thereof are constituted by struts 95 extending radial legs 96 as shown in the right column of FIG. You can also 96a is a leg reinforcement.

  On these support columns 95, a horizontally mounted stage 98 provided with a counter column 97 is provided as a net-like or horizontal cross-shaped one including grating. 99 is a scooping member that has a bow shape, and the member 99 is arranged at a large distance on the left and right sides, and its upper end is fixed on the mounting stage 98 via a bracket, while its lower end is the ground 94. The presser 100 and the anchor 101 are fixed to each other. Reference numeral 102 denotes an evacuation space, which is formed between the front and rear support columns 95.

  Such a device has a mountain shape as shown in FIG. 14 when viewed from the side. When a tsunami X strikes from the left direction and a follower rides on it, it is scooped up by a scooping member 99. Lifted up. The counter column 97 then prevents further flow. On the other hand, it functions similarly when a return flow comes as indicated by an arrow Y. As shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of such devices are arranged continuously or at intervals. An evacuation stage may be provided on the counter column 97 of the mounting stage 98 so as to be able to climb. In that case, lifting materials for evacuation are provided from the ground.

  FIG. 15 shows another embodiment, in which a plurality of rows of lifting members 108 are arranged so as to form a side chevron from a foundation block 107 embedded in the ground 106, and an upper joint reinforcement 109 and auxiliary legs 110 are provided. It is placed on a placing stage 112 on a central column 111 and fixed.

  FIG. 16 shows an example of an additional proposal. In the example, the opening of the tide wall 115 is closed by the tide door 116, and the closing power of the door 116 is unidirectionally driven by tsunami force instead of the motor. The actuator (buoyant body or the like) 117 that operates and its transmission means 118 are configured to ensure the operation even when the power is cut off by an earthquake. This method may be additionally provided for those driven by a motor.

  FIG. 17 is also an additional proposal example. When a tsunami X strikes, the float 121 provided near the tower 120 rises, and a tsunami strike warning means (not shown) is activated via the transmission means 122 and then strikes. It will be informed to the hill side.

  FIG. 18 is also an example of an additional proposal, which includes a box-type vehicle body 127 having front steering wheels 125 and rear wheels 126, and a seat 128, a bedal 129, and a transmission chain mechanism 130. By holding the handle 131 and stepping on the pedal 129, the vehicle can travel without fuel or batteries even during a disaster such as a tsunami. In particular, it is not just a bicycle, it can run with a rescue tool such as a long (2m or more) bar 132 or pickaxe 133 inside the car body 127. By opening the tail end cover 134, the rescue tools 132, 133,... Can be taken out and used.

  FIG. 19 shows another embodiment in which a high place evacuation portion 136 is formed on a high stretched material 1 that is a palm tree. The high place evacuation part 136 is made of wood or iron made up of a bottom wall 137 and a three-sided fence handrail 138. The front opening is an elevator 139, and the upper end of the elevator material (ladder) 140 from below is located there. It is connected to face. 141 is a strut member, the upper end of which is connected to another part of the bottom wall 137 to form three legs together with the two legs of the lift member 140, and the height of the strut member 141 and the lift member 140 is high. A horizontal reinforcing member 142 is horizontally fixed between the middle in the vertical direction. Two struts 141 may be used.

  FIG. 20 (plan view) and FIG. 21 (left side view when the side where the tsunami strikes is assumed to be the front) show another embodiment, which has other functions in the original evacuation function when a tsunami occurs It is Reference numeral 200 denotes an installation ground, and X denotes a (presumed) direction in which a tsunami strikes.

  Reference numeral 201 denotes foundation concrete, and the concrete 201 has a columnar shape and is completely embedded in the ground 200, but the upper surface thereof may be exposed to the ground 200. Moreover, the concrete 201 can also be made into prismatic shapes, such as a square, and can also stabilize by adding a protrusion material, as shown in FIG.

  203 is a support | pillar which consists of steel round pipes, the diameter of which is about 5-10 m, and the height is about 15-20 m. Here, the diameter is 5 m and the height is 15 m. The base portion of the column 203 is welded and fixed to the center of a disk-shaped substrate 205 that is placed on the foundation concrete 201 and connected and fixed by a large number of anchors 204.

  A plurality of lower reinforcing plates 206, which are also welded to the substrate 205, are provided on the outer periphery of the base portion 203 in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, three lower reinforcing plates 206 are formed at angles formed by each other. 120 °, one of which is arranged to face the side where the tsunami strikes, and the other two pieces flow out the X flow left and right at a slight angle so as not to receive the X flow orthogonally The directionality is set.

  In this way, in addition to the original strut reinforcement function, for example, following the X flow, a ship or other drifting object does not directly hit the strut 203 but first receives it and crushes it to break it into small pieces. Or even to branch the X flow left and right. If a cushioning material such as a round pipe or rubber is attached along the oblique tip edge of the previous lower reinforcing plate 206, the evacuation device can be further protected from the tsunami X.

  In the lower part of the column 203, an entrance / exit 208 is provided through a circumferential position on the back side as viewed from the X flow. One entrance / exit 208 may be provided on the rear surface of the column 203, or a pair of left and right openings may be provided as illustrated. In addition, the evacuees climbing and descending from the entrance / exit 203 are protected from the X flow by the lower reinforcing plate 206 as shown in FIG. The lower reinforcing plate 206 may also be disposed on the rear side facing the front side.

  Reference numeral 210 denotes an evacuation stage, which extends horizontally around the column 203 and is fixed as a circular platform with a handrail 211 at a height of about 10 m from the ground 200. The evacuation stage 210 has a wide space that can evacuate 50 to 100 people, and the refugee from the entrance / exit 208 climbs through the climbing means 212 that is a spiral staircase provided along the inner periphery of the support column 203 213. The evacuation stage 210 can be evacuated from. The evacuation stage 210 is received by stage reinforcing plates 214 provided between the bottom surface and the column 203.

The climbing means 212 may be arranged around the imaginary line in FIG. 21 or may be arranged both inside and outside. The climbing means 212 may be a slope or a simple elevator system.
Further, as shown in FIG. 21, a fine mesh mesh member 216 or a completely closed membrane material is arranged on the front surface of the handrail 211 so as to improve safety when the tsunami hits the upper side. Good.
Further, the storage 217 may be fixedly installed and protected from the tsunami flow as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.

  Reference numeral 219 denotes a water tank (or oil tank), and the water tank 219 is a cylindrical (or rectangular tube) that is closed up and down, and includes a water replenishment pipe 220 and a water distribution pipe 221 to replenish water from the ground. Water distribution can be used, and the water in the tank 219 can be used not only after a tsunami has occurred but also for drought and fire extinguishing.

  The water in the water tank 219 can always be purified by the purifying means, but in consideration of regular cleaning, a ladder (shown in the figure) is introduced along the peripheral surface of the column 203 and is led through a through hole opened in the water tank 219. (Not shown) may be allowed to rise onto the tank 219, and the tank 219 may be opened by opening an opening / closing lid. A water purification material may be allowed to enter the water tank 219. The water tank 219 acts to relieve the impact when an internal earthquake is stored and an earthquake or tsunami strikes.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, a partition wall 222 may be inserted in the water tank 219 to reinforce the tank.
Further, although the support 203 is made of steel, it may be made of concrete.
Further, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 20 and a virtual line in FIG. 21, the evacuation device is protected from the tsunami by a plurality of external protection pipes 224 arranged between the outer periphery of the evacuation stage 210 and the outer periphery of the substrate 205. Alternatively, the water tank 219 may be further held by the pipe 224.

Also, check wires 225... May be provided around the outer periphery of the evacuation device to prevent the evacuation device from falling. The wire 225 can be configured in place of a mesh wire.
Further, the support column 203 may be constituted by two pipes at the front and rear, or may be a combination of three. Such a support | pillar 203 is not limited to a round pipe, You may make it a polygonal pipe more than a square pipe.

  FIG. 22 shows another embodiment. In the evacuation device of the embodiment, an upper evacuation stage 229 with a canopy 228 is further provided on a water tank 219. As a means for climbing the evacuation stage 229, a vertical through hole 230 is formed in the water tank 219. Alternatively, a ladder 231 leading from the evacuation stage 210 to the upper evacuation stage 229 may be provided. The ladder 231 can be configured such that the lower part is a spiral staircase and only the upper part is a ladder. The evacuation device is provided with an inner spiral climbing means 212 as a climbing means, but it may be provided with an outer spiral staircase. It may be an internal or external elevator. A spiral staircase and an elevator may be added.

In addition, although it is the same also in embodiment of FIG.20, FIG.21 and FIG.22 and the following embodiment, you may provide a water tank in the vertical cylinder shape in the spiral staircase center space in a support | pillar. Further, the upper water tank and the vertical cylindrical water tank can be provided side by side.
Similarly, as in other embodiments, a water tank may be installed on the ground so that it acts as a weight or as a buffer when an earthquake or tsunami occurs. The water tank in this case may be formed in a donut shape around the support (a in FIG. 22), or may be configured as the lower part of the support itself. It is also possible to use the upper surface of the water tank as it is as an evacuation stage. In such a case, the upper water tank is omitted or added. Ascending / descending means attach a spiral staircase to the outer periphery of the water tank, cut out a part of the circumference of the water tank and provide a straight inclined staircase in the space, or enter the cutout as an entrance and exit with a spiral staircase in the column. Make it climbable.
As shown in the right column of FIG. 22, a water tank 219 may be formed on the upper part of the pipe-type column 203 having a spiral staircase therein, and an evacuation stage S may be provided thereon. In this case, climbing means such as a spiral or a straight staircase may be provided in a through hole P formed in the center of the water tank 219 so as to be able to climb to the evacuation stage S by communicating with the spiral staircase in the column 203. S1 is the exit. In this evacuation stage S, a connecting bridge 232 with a mountain, a building, or the like may be mounted so that the evacuation can be further evacuated from the stage S, or conversely, the evacuation can be performed in the direction of the stage S.
The water tank 219 can be used for various purposes such as a part or the whole of the water tank 219 as an evacuation room, a data room, or a command tower. Elevators can be equipped on the columns 203 and the like. 259 is a lightning rod, 260 is an antenna, 261 is a monitoring camera, and 262 is a tsunami attack measurement / warning device.

  FIG. 23 shows another embodiment. The embodiment is directed to a coast or a river having a water surface 235 on the seabed 234. Reference numeral 236 is a basic concrete and is embedded in the seabed 234. In this embodiment, the projecting member 237 is used. ... are buried at the same time to improve the stability.

  Reference numeral 238 denotes a support, which is made of steel or concrete. The support 238 rises vertically high from the foundation concrete 236 on the water surface 235, and the ship 239 is moored on the peripheral surface above the water surface 235 of the support 238. A plurality of one-touch detachable mooring brackets 240... That can be lifted are provided, and ascending / descending means 242 that can climb from the ship 239 to the upper evacuation stage 241 is provided as a straight staircase. A spiral staircase may be used.

  A water tank 243 is provided at the upper end of the support column 238, and an upper evacuation stage 244 is provided using the water tank 243. The ladder 245 passing through the water tank 243 can be climbed up and down to the evacuation stage 244. 246 is a lightning rod, and 247 is an antenna. When the tsunami X hits, nearby ships 239... Can be moored in the evacuation device and evacuated to the evacuation stage 241 or the upper evacuation stage 244.

As shown in the figure, the upper water tank 243 may be provided with a storage room 250 which is a separate room via a partition wall 249 in addition to the original water tank portion 248. The storage 250 can open a cover 251... Constituting the floor surface of the upper evacuation stage 244 and store various items such as emergency tools and supplies. This configuration can be similarly applied to other embodiments.
Further, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 23, a connecting bridge 252 may be added from the upper evacuation stage 244 so that evacuation can be further performed.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 24 is made of steel or concrete (RC structure), and the basic concrete 256 is formed as a hollow support column 255 having a main body portion that is narrow upward and narrowed at the upper portion and whose upper end is greatly expanded upward. The water tank (or oil tank) 257 is configured in a substantially similar manner inside the support column 255, and the evacuation stage 258 is configured above the support column 255. 259 is a lightning rod, 260 is an antenna, 261 is a monitoring camera, and 262 is a tsunami attack measurement / warning device.
Reference numeral 263 denotes an elevator which is provided through the center of the support column 255 and the water tank 257, and can enter and descend through an entrance / exit passage 264 penetrating the bottom.
Further, instead of the elevator 263, an inner spiral staircase (or a slope or a step with a staircase) 265 can be provided. In this case, an elevator 263 may be provided for the elderly.
Furthermore, the outer periphery or inner periphery of the support | pillar 255 may be provided with the slide used normally.
The support column 255 has a round cylindrical shape, but may have a triangular shape or other polygonal shape.
On the outer periphery of the support column 255, as shown by a virtual line, a protection plate 266 that prevents the rising of the tsunami from below and flows it backward can be provided. In this case, the protective plate 266 may be slightly higher than that shown in the drawing to form an intermediate evacuation stage. An R portion for making a U-turn on the rising tsunami can be added to the bottom surface of the protective plate 266.
Further, the upper portion of the foundation concrete 256 may be pushed up by a certain dimension from the ground surface, and may receive a tsunami flow X and flow around. In front of the foundation concrete 256 (X side), other protective means, for example, one or a plurality of main pillars or a protective levee having a planar arc shape, is provided to counter the tsunami flow X as the first stage. You may do it.
Further, the handrail of the evacuation stage 258 may be a concrete integrated type or made of a tubular steel plate.
Further, as shown in the figure on the right column, an evacuation facility without a water tank may have a shape similar to a kendama having a hollow shape like a support column 255 '. A drum shape like the support 255A may be used. In this case as well, the cross section is cylindrical, but may be a polygon such as a triangle or a square. The interior may be a spiral staircase or a spiral and elevator. A slide may be provided on the outer periphery.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 25, an evacuation stage 268 is installed on top of a plurality of support columns (made of pipes) 267... And a downwardly convex water tank 269 is installed at the bottom of the evacuation stage 268. The tank 269 is reliably supported by the receiving mechanism 270 supported by the support column 267.

In addition, 271 is a multi-purpose building, and is formed in several floors using the lower space of the water tank 269 in the internal space of the support columns 267. The building 271 is, for example, a museum, an aquarium, a public hall. It can be used as a government office. Reference numeral 272 denotes an elevator, which is configured using the space in the pipe of the support column 267 as it is.
As shown in the upper right column of the figure, the water tank 269 may be a sphere or a cube as shown in the lower right column.

  FIG. 26 shows an example of a multi-purpose structure that is constructed on the coast. Reference numeral 275 denotes a support, which is composed of a plurality of columns, and is arranged upright in series from the coast to the sea. Each support column 275 is provided with a water tank 276 having a storage function, and the water tank 276 is an upper evacuation stage 277. The upper evacuation stage 277 is also used as a linking bridge 278 serving as an evacuation stage. is there. A continuous rain-proof roof 279 is provided to cover the upper evacuation stage 277 and the connecting bridge 278 from above. Reference numeral 280 denotes a lower evacuation stage that also serves as a fishing spot. Evacuees from the lower evacuation stage 280 can evacuate to the upper evacuation stage 277 by the climbing means through the entrance / exit 281. In the upper evacuation stage 277, those who evacuate from the right side of the figure are evacuated together. Many people can evacuate on the connecting bridge 278 as well. 20 to 26, M is a navigation safety sign light.

  While the embodiment of FIG. 27 is usually useful as a fishing spot, parking lot, morning market square, etc., it becomes the evacuation stage 284 in the event of an emergency such as a tsunami. That is, the evacuation stage 284 is constructed on a bottom structure such as a leg column 285.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 28, an excavation hole 288 is formed at the foot of a mountain, and an opening / closing door 289 is installed at the opening so as to be able to be evacuated. 290 is an air pipe, 291 is a draining device, 292 is an electric device, and can be driven by a solar 293.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 29, a plurality of lightning rods 296 are provided with a coating 297 along the coast, and the lightning rods 296...
As shown in FIG. 30, lightning strikes may be centrally processed here by installing a similar configuration near the top of the mountain.

  Figures 31 through 38 include the building A that can be used as an accommodation facility (for disaster prevention education, etc.), a training room, and a dining room during normal times. An evacuation facility constructed so that ordinary people outside the object A can also evacuate instantly and reliably, and consists of a first floor portion 1F, a second floor portion 2F, a third floor portion 3F, and a rooftop portion RF. As shown in FIG. 36, the floor portion 1F is composed of outer peripheral struts 300 made of steel pipes extending to the third floor portion 3F and middle struts 301, and a wide space surrounded by these struts 300, 301 is parked. The parking lot is 302 ... At the lower ends of the columns 300 and 301, there are provided mounting seats 300a and 301a that are anchored to the concrete ground side.

  The second-floor portion 2F and the third-floor portion 3F are substantial building parts, and have hexahedral outer walls. The interior of the second-floor portion 2F is a training room (meeting place) as shown in a cross section in FIG. 303 and the dining room 304 are mainly configured, and a passage 305 on the second floor is formed between the chambers 303 and 304, one of which leads to the upper floor front entrance a and the other serves as the emergency exit b.

  As shown in the cross section of FIG. 38, the interior of the third-floor portion 3E is composed of accommodation facilities 306... Divided into bedrooms and necessary facilities together with a third-floor middle passage 307 and a third-floor passage passage 310 orthogonal thereto. Yes. One side of the passage 310 is a third floor entrance c, and the other is an emergency exit d.

  As shown in FIG. 33, the rooftop portion RF is an evacuation stage 308 having a rectangular planar shape. In FIG. 33, the left-right width is about 30 m, and the depth is about 15 m. It is said that about 500 people including other general evacuees from outside can be evacuated and accommodated.

  A handrail 309 for safety is provided on the entire outer periphery of the evacuation stage 308. It should be noted that an emergency / normal hangar may be installed using a large space on the evacuation stage 308, or a solar facility or a wind power generation facility may be installed. A front staircase 317 capable of ascending and descending to the evacuation stage 308 is provided on the front side of the facility (the front side in FIG. 31).

The front staircase 311 is provided on the first floor from the first floor to the second floor with a mountain-shaped first staircase 312 with a handrail that allows evacuees to climb along the front side of the building, and on the front side of the staircase 312. The second staircase 313 with a V-shaped handrail that allows evacuees to ascend and descend to the third floor from the top, and the mountain-shaped handrail that evacuees can descend from the third floor to the rooftop evacuation stage 308 along the front side of the building The first landing 316 is located on the first floor of the front staircase 311 from the first floor to the second floor, and the second floor of the second floor of the building, in addition to the refugees from the ground. Evacuees from the entrance / exit 317 can also be used for evacuation, and a second landing 318 is provided from the second floor to the third floor. Evacuees from the 3rd floor entrance / exit 319 also for evacuation It has to be able to use.
The front staircase 311 is used as a normal climbing means other than emergency.
In addition to the front staircase 311, an elevator and an escalator can be installed.

  The upper part of the stairs from the third floor to the roof is also a third landing 320, which leads to the evacuation stage 308. As shown in FIG. 33, FIG. 37, and FIG. 38, the back surface corresponding to the second and third floor portions of the building is also provided with a back stairs 321 that allows evacuees to climb up to the evacuation stage 308. Through the passage passage 305 and the third-floor passage passage 310, it is possible to appropriately evacuate from other than the stairs on the front side.

  Such an evacuation facility is installed by fixing a large number of support columns 300, 301... On the first floor portion on a concrete base via mounting plates 300a, 300b. In addition, as shown in FIG. 33, for example, when the arrow X is set on the side where the tsunami strikes, the front stairs 311 comes to the back of the facility for evacuation so that it is safe for evacuation. It is preferable that the whole is oriented. However, the direction of the evacuation facility with respect to the direction X in which the tsunami strikes can be set other than in the embodiment. In this case, if the protective means (for example, an iron pipe, a tree, etc.) 323... Is placed in front of the pillar 300. Facilities and parked cars are safe without hitting them.

  During normal times, the vehicle can be stopped at the parking lot 302 on the first floor portion 1F and can be climbed using the front stairs 311. That is, it is possible to climb the first landing 316 via the first staircase 312, open the second floor entrance 317, and enter the second floor portion 2 </ b> F through the upper front door a. Furthermore, in the 3rd floor portion 3E, the 3rd floor entrance 319 is opened from the 2nd landing 318 through the 2nd stairs 313, and then the 3rd floor entrance c is entered. Can do.

  In the event of an emergency such as a tsunami or flood, people staying and those involved in the operation of the facility enter the first landing 316 from the upper entrance a on the second floor 2F through the second floor entrance 317. After leaving, the evacuation stage 308 is evacuated through the second and third steps 313 and 314. A person staying in the third floor portion 3F evacuates from the third floor entrance c to the evacuation stage 308 through the third stairs 314. On the other hand, the second floor portion 2F and the third floor portion 3F can be evacuated to the evacuation stage 308 through the back stairs 321 also from the plane side.

  A protective means such as an elastic member may be wound around the support post 300. The protection means may be provided together with the front protection means.

  Moreover, although the said parking lot 302 was provided in the 1st floor part 1F, the 2nd floor part 2E can also be used as a parking lot.

  Further, the front staircase 311 and the back staircase 321 are supported by earthquake resistance via respective staircase pillars (including beam members for connecting the pillars and connecting materials between them and the building) 330. The staircases 311 and 321 simultaneously provide seismic reinforcement for the facility from the front and rear. In particular, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 35, the structure of the front staircase 311 and the column 330 is provided so as to protrude from the building A, so that it not only serves as a resistance structure in the event of an earthquake but also causes a tsunami. It also becomes a reinforcing structure for the time.

  39 to 43 show another embodiment. The embodiment relates to an evacuation facility for a tsunami or the like, and the facility includes a steel structure and rigid containers incorporated therein.

  500 is a foundation made of reinforced mortar, and the foundation 500 is flat and rectangular, and is made deep enough to be about 2.5 to 3m in depth, and the top surface coincides with the ground surface 501. ing. Reference numeral 502 denotes a support column, and the support column 502 is made of a round steel pipe, so that all six seat plates 503 are present on the foundation 500, with three equally spaced on the front side and three equally spaced on the back side. Each is anchored. The support column 502 is assumed to have a height that is slightly higher than 6 m with an estimated height of 4 m and a margin of about 2 m.

  Between the adjacent columns 502, beams 506... For building the second floor portion 504 and the third floor roof evacuation stage 505 are connected and integrated to form a steel structure. It is assumed that the near side of FIG. 39 is the side on which the tsunami X is attacking. This installation direction is subject to change. If a folded steel plate 508 as shown in a partially broken view in FIG. 39 is attached to the entire bottom surface of the second floor portion 504 in addition to the floor plate, it resists the push-up force from the tsunami and does not pass through the floor. Can be prevented. In this case, a plurality of sheets of the folded plate steel plate 508 may be superposed with the groove directions being parallel, or may be superposed with the groove directions being orthogonal. An intervening material may be placed between these polymerizations. The folded steel plate 508 may also be provided on the bottom surface of the evacuation stage 505.

  510 is a first staircase, 511 is a turn-up staircase, 512 is a second staircase, and is attached to the building as being strong against a tsunami via the left (or right side or back) as viewed from the front of the building. Is provided. The lower end of the first staircase is anchored to the foundation 500 via a common seat plate 503 ′ that also serves as a seat plate at the lower end of the support column 502. Note that handrails 513... Are stretched around the stairs 510, 511, 512 and the evacuation stage 505.

  Inside the building, a stockpiling warehouse (small container) 515 is installed on the first floor, and a hall (medium container) 516 equipped with a toilet and a washroom is installed on the second floor, both on the floor. It is fixed as appropriate. These containers 515 and 516 may be protected by attaching a buffer member to at least the surface from which the tsunami strikes. In some cases, instead of the containers 515, 516, wall plates are constructed using columns 502, beams 506, etc. to make a usable room as described above.

  Such a structure in which the containers 515 and 516 are deployed can sufficiently resist the tsunami that is supposed to attack about 2 m lower than the evacuation stage 505 by the steel structure, but the installed containers 515 and 516 There is a risk of damage from the tsunami.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, on the side where the tsunami strikes the structure, a plurality of protective means consisting of a front protective material 518... And a rear protective material 519. It is. These protective materials 518 and 519 use a large-sized guardrail for a general roadside having two grooves on one side and one groove on the other side. The rear protective material 519 is fixedly arranged by attachment means (not shown) along the front surface of the structure with a certain distance from side to side, and the lower end is on the ground surface 501 while the upper end is It is arranged so as to extend over the handrail 513 of the evacuation stage 505.

  The front protective members 518 are similarly made of guardrails and are arranged so as to correspond to the space between the rear protective members 519... In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. After being embedded, it is brought into an upright state so as to be parallel to the protective material 519 and supported by a structure via a receiving material (may be an elastic material) 520. The base of the front protective material 518 may be fixed to the foundation 500. In this case, it may be fixed via a bracket that is embedded and fixed in advance to the foundation 500 in a protruding shape. Further, as shown by the phantom lines in FIG. 40, the front protective material 518 (or the rear protective material 519) may be attached (fastened) along the front surface of the completed foundation 500.

As shown in FIGS. 41 to 43, the protective members 518 and 519 follow the two grooves so that the surface corresponding to the back surface of the guard rail faces the side X where the tsunami strikes. Although the tsunami flow climbs, as shown in the right column of FIG. 41, the surface may face the X direction and the tsunami flow may climb along the central groove.
Further, as shown in the right column of FIG. 41, two guard rails 522, 522 may be combined so as to form a V shape, and the tsunami flow may be separated as indicated by arrows. Further, a cushioning material such as an elastic material that cushions the tsunami flow may be attached to the front surfaces of the protective materials 518 and 519.
In addition to the guard rail, the protective members 518 and 519 may be piles such as round pipes (including steel pipe sheet piles) and square pipes, steel sheet piles, and the like.

  Furthermore, as shown by a virtual line on the left side of FIG. 42, the front and rear protective materials 518 and 519 are also arranged when the direction is set so that the tsunami flow is pushed from the left direction of the structure. 510 and 512 can serve as a mounting and receiving role for the stairs 510 and 512 to exert a shock absorbing function. Reference numeral 523 denotes a preliminary protective material made of a round pipe.

  Further, as shown by phantom lines on the left side of each of FIGS. 39 and 41, the tsunami flow is left and right by creating embankment (or mortar spraying or concrete) 525 on the side where the tsunami flow strikes so as to be able to compete. Direct damage to the containers 515 and 516 may be reduced by adding a protective material 526 such as a pipe, a pile, or a tree to the embankment 525. Multiple such embankments may be deployed in front of the tsunami. It is more effective to place obstacles such as wires, ropes, wire meshes, and trees between the embankments.

It is also effective to suspend the containers 515 and 516 so that the tsunami flow can pass under the floor, or to be installed on the bottom spacer so that the tsunami flow can pass.
The containers 515 and 516 may be back-moved only within a certain range with a buffering action by guide rails laid on the floor or the like to prevent a large damage.
Furthermore, a cushioning material may be stretched on the front surface of the container 515, 516 on the side where the tsunami strikes.

44 and 45 show another embodiment. This embodiment is intended for evacuation facilities as described above, and is provided with front and rear protective materials 529..., 530. It is. Both the front and rear protective members 529 and 530 may be guard rails, or only the front protective member 530 may be another member as shown in the figure.
These protective materials 529 and 530 are fixed to the column 502 side (a cushioning material may be interposed). The front protective material 529 is fixed to the support 502 side via the receiving member as in the above embodiment, but may be attached to the rear protective material 530 side. In this case, a cushioning material may be interposed between the front and rear protective materials 529 and 630.
As shown in the plan view in the right column of FIG. 44, protective members 530... In this case, a protective material 529 may be combined with the front surface of the protective material 530.
Moreover, although it can say similarly also in the said embodiment, a protective material can enable daylighting using resin, such as a transparent or translucent polycarbonate.

FIG. 46 shows another embodiment. This embodiment is a vertical beam type in which a plurality of front and rear protective materials 533 and 534 such as guard rails are arranged on the left and right sides, and in particular, the angle is set to fall backward so that the tsunami flow can be swung up. It is. The angle can be set to 60 ° or 45 ° with respect to the ground surface, which is smaller than that shown. In this case, the rear protective material 534 may be disposed between the ground and the second floor, and the front protective material 633 may be disposed on a line connecting the ground and the evacuation stage 505. The protective material may be a wire mesh. Only a protective material such as one of the front and rear guard rails may be used, and a wire mesh may be applied thereto.
As indicated by the phantom line, the protective material is a staircase 535. If the staircase 535 is divided into left and right as shown in the right column, the tsunami current reaches the second floor. Can be suppressed.

FIG. 47 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, braces 538 are placed in front of the evacuation facilities to protect them from tsunami currents and drifting objects from the front. In this case, if a wire mesh 539 is additionally provided as shown in the figure, the protection is further improved. Increases effectiveness. A plurality of meshes 539 may be superposed on the front and back.
In FIG. 33, if the protective means (for example, iron pipes, trees, etc.) 323... Although it is assumed that facilities and parked cars are safe without hitting ..., the embodiments from FIG. 39 to FIG. 47 can also be applied in this case.

48 and 49 show another embodiment as an evacuation facility such as RC structure type tsunami and flood.
In this embodiment, 600 is an RC concrete foundation, and the foundation 600 is embedded and fixed in the ground (soil or rock) 601. As shown in H of FIG. 49, the base 600 may protrude from the ground 601 by a certain upper portion thereof, and in this case, the tsunami flow X and the like are protected at the front thereof. Further, as shown in FIG. 48, the base 600 has a square plane, but may have a round shape or other polygonal shape like an imaginary line. If a round shape or a polygonal shape such as a quadrilateral is used so that the corners are preceded by the tsunami flow X side, the tsunami flow X can be pushed and flowed sideways. The foundation 600 may be more completely fixed by a plurality of foundation piles 603... As shown by phantom lines in FIG.

  On the foundation 600, a gantry 604 that is integral with the foundation 600 (simultaneous construction) or separately fixed is provided. The gantry 604 may be omitted from the base 600 as a whole. The gantry 604 is constructed with a main tower 605 of an RC structure having a round shape in a plane and a straight cylinder shape therebetween. The main tower 605 is provided with an entrance staircase 606 at the rear, which is on the back with respect to the flow of the tsunami flow X, and the staircase 606 can be constructed simultaneously with the gantry 604 and the main tower 605 or a separate installation system. . The staircase 606 may be a slope or a slope-equipped type. The staircase 606 may be a circumferential staircase method in which the entire circumference forms a staircase shape. Reference numeral 607 denotes an entrance door.

  Reference numeral 610 denotes a spiral staircase (ascending / descending means), which is integrally provided with a handrail along the inner periphery of the main tower 605 as shown in the upper right column of FIG. A portion corresponding to the handrail of the staircase 610 may be extended long up and down as a core cylinder having a right cylindrical shape so that it can be seen at a general lighthouse. Reference numeral 611 denotes an evacuation stage, which is integrally formed as a horizontal circular disk at the upper end of the main tower 605, and an evacuation handrail 612 is provided on the outer periphery of the evacuation stage 611 as a lattice iron fence for safety.

  Reference numeral 613 denotes an climbing exit, which is an exit of the spiral staircase 610 to the evacuation stage 611, and a safety fence 614 is provided around the exit. Reference numeral 615 denotes a storage. The storage 615 is an integrated hut with a door, but may be a separate installation type. Further, the storage 615 is arranged at the center of the evacuation stage 611, but the position such as the outer peripheral side is not limited and the number is not limited.

The main tower 605 has a round cylindrical shape, but may have an elliptical (or oval) cross-sectional shape as shown in the upper right column of FIG. In this case, if the major axis direction is made to correspond to the assumed direction of the tsunami flow X, it strongly resists and smoothly flows and is stable in the front and rear.
Further, as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 48, the outer periphery of the main tower 605 may be provided with bulged protrusions 616 arranged in four directions to enhance the main tower 605.
Further, as indicated by phantom lines in FIGS. 48 and 49, a pair of front and rear protective dikes 617 and 617 having a circular arc shape in the RC structure may be fixedly installed to counter the tsunami flow X and the return flow. The direction of the arc may be opposite to that shown in the figure.
49, one or more protective piles 618 may be arranged in front of the facility to counter the tsunami flow X. In this case, the base is embedded in the foundation 600. The fixing may be more firmly performed. The protective pile 618 may be integrated with the foundation pile 603.
Further, as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 49, a concave moat 619 may be provided in front of the facility so as to attenuate the flow and flow in the side direction. In this case, if the moat 619 has an arc shape like the protective embankment 617 in FIG. 48, the tsunami flow X tends to flow in the side direction. The moat 619 and the protective dike 617 may be provided side by side. The protective embankment 617 may be provided on the foundation 600 or the mount 604 integrally or separately. The dike 617 may be provided on the entire circumference.
Further, as shown in the lower left column of FIG. 49, the foundation 600 may be configured such that the protruding upper portion is chamfered 620 and the tsunami flow X is sidestream along the oblique surface.
Further, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 49, the evacuation stage 611 may be made larger than the main tower diameter, and the slide 621 may be provided from the lower part thereof.
Furthermore, although the escape handrail 612 has a lattice fence shape, it may be integrally formed with concrete as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 49. In this case, the escape handrail 612 has an upwardly expanded shape like a virtual line in addition to the vertical plane. It is possible to prevent damage from below.
49, the stage cover 622 may be provided as a separate object or a concrete integrated object by using the storage 615 or the handrail 612 above the evacuation stage 611 as indicated by a virtual line. .
Furthermore, a middle stage ring 623 having an R portion that returns to the side or flows sideways as indicated by an arrow when the tsunami flow X rises may be provided integrally or separately on the outer periphery of the middle stage of the main tower 605. . In this case, the ring 623 can be configured as a middle evacuation stage, and can be temporarily evacuated on the way of evacuation from the exit opened in the trunk of the main tower 605.
Further, as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 49, the main tower 605 may be made of iron pipe and fixed separately. In this case, a spiral staircase 610 is provided therein, and a core tube 625 can be further provided therein to form a double structure.
Furthermore, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 49, an R portion may be provided at the base of the main tower 605 so that the tsunami flow X rises.
In the above embodiment, the main tower and the like are configured with the RC structure, but the lower half of the main tower may be an RC structure and the upper half may be made of iron, or vice versa. In addition, the main tower may adopt a double-shell structure with quarrying the outer wall and brickworking inside. In this case, it is preferable to add a protection means from the tsunami flow X.

50 to 53 show examples of different shapes of the main tower 605. The embodiment of FIG. 50 has a rectangular cross section, FIG. 51 is a triangular cylinder, FIG. 52 is a hexagonal cylinder, Reference numeral 53 schematically shows an octagonal cylindrical shape.
In these drawings, it is effective to dispose each corner so as to face the tsunami flow X, and it is effective in diverting the flow, but it is not limited to this.
As shown in FIG. 50, if the doorway stairs 628 are configured to climb along the square rear surface, there is less risk of damage from the tsunami current X, and two people can evacuate quickly and many people evacuate quickly. be able to. However, a step 628 may be provided at the center as shown.
Reference numeral 629 denotes an internal spiral staircase (or slope). Further, the tsunami flow X may be diverted by providing a protective means 630 in the form of a staircase or a slope that rises backward at the two front sides of the main tower 605.
Further, the phantom line in FIG. 51 shows a spiral staircase 632. As shown in this example as well, a concrete protection column 634 may be provided in front of the facility to provide a first protection measure against the tsunami flow X. This column 634 may be a triangular column like an imaginary line and bisect the tsunami flow X like an arrow.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 52, an arc-shaped protective bank 636 may be disposed forward.
Further, as shown in FIG. 53, the main tower 605 is polygonal, but the core tube 638 may be cylindrical.

  54 and 55 show another embodiment. Although the foundation is not shown in the embodiment, a main tower 641 having an RC structure is built on the foundation as a skirt. In this case, the main tower 641 may be integrated with the foundation or may be a separate body. Inside the main tower 641, a spiral staircase 642 is provided so as to be able to climb up to an integral evacuation stage 643. 644 is an entrance / exit staircase. The protective handrail 645 on the outer periphery of the evacuation stage 643 at the upper end of the main tower 641 is formed by concrete integral molding, but may be formed in an iron fence shape. Reference numeral 646 denotes a storage. A stage cover may be provided on the handrail 645, or may be finished with an integral or separate cover that crosses the upper surface of the handrail 645.

  In this embodiment, a protection block 648 is provided like a virtual line on the side where the tsunami flow X in front of the main tower 641 comes into contact. The block 648 includes a type in which the front surface, the left and right side surfaces, and the top surface are closed as shown by a broken line in FIG. In addition, there are some in which the front part is a block and the rear part is a chamber. The shape is similar to a solid rectangular parallelepiped like I, the shape where the front part of the plane bulges round like II, and the one where the plane bulges like triangle like III is there. Further, although not shown in the drawings, some planes are polygons such as hexagons and octagons. These can be selected.

  In addition, as indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 55, the block 648 also has an RC structure, but in consideration of the fact that the tsunami flow X hits the front part, the riding-up guide 649 is provided in an R shape or an uphill shape. Also good. Note that this block 648 may also be provided behind the main tower in the sense of preparing for the return flow as shown in FIG. The top surface of block 648 may be omitted.

A protective ring 650 may be disposed on the outer periphery of the middle stage of the main tower 641, and this ring 650 may be a middle stage evacuation stage 651. As an example, as shown in the upper right column of FIG. 55, an internal middle escape stage 652 may be formed. Reference numeral 653 denotes a core tube, and the main tower 641 may have an internal / external double structure.
In addition, a spiral staircase 642 may be provided on the outer periphery of the main tower 641, and in this case, a slide 654 may be provided on the outer periphery or the inner periphery thereof.
Further, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 54, the entire outer periphery of the facility may be surrounded by a protective levee 655. In this case, the entrance 656 is provided at the rear, but since there is a possibility that the return flow enters from there, a blocking shield 657 facing the rear of the mouth 656 is provided.
Further, as shown in the left column of FIG. 54, the protective dyke 655 may have a spiral shape, and its rear step portion may be an entrance 658.

FIG. 56 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the base of the main tower 661 is an integral box-type gantry 662, and the gantry 662 has an RC structure including front, rear, left and right surfaces and a top surface, and an evacuation entrance is formed on the rear surface. ing. This gantry 662 is provided with a staircase 663 such as a straight line and is connected to a spiral staircase 664 in the main tower 661. The staircase 663 may be a spiral staircase. Further, the lower part of the main tower 661 may penetrate into the gantry 662. Furthermore, as indicated by phantom lines, the gantry 662 can be selected from shapes such as I, II, and III in FIG. Further, the front surface or the rear surface can be inclined.
Further, as shown in the left column of FIG. 56, the main tower 661 has a shape that penetrates into the gantry 662, and a person evacuating from the rear of the gantry 662 passes through the spiral staircase 664 in the main tower 661 as indicated by an arrow. You may be able to climb. In this case, the lower refuge stage 666 may be set on the gantry 662. The gantry 662 is square when viewed from above, but is round or triangular. You may make it a polygon more than a square, an ellipse, an ellipse, etc. In addition, as shown in the upper right column of FIG. 56, the gantry may be configured in a stepped form with a lower gantry 668 and an upper gantry 669.
As shown in the lower right column of FIG. 56, the gantry 671 may also serve as an all-round staircase type.

  FIG. FIG. 58 shows another embodiment. In the embodiment, a main tower 675 is integrally built on a foundation 673 via a mount 674 so that it can be climbed to an upper evacuation stage 676 by a spiral staircase, 677 is a concrete handrail, 678 is a core, 679 is a stage cover, 680 is an entrance, and 681 is an entrance staircase.

In such evacuation facilities such as tsunami and flood, a concrete-integrated type protective dam 683 is provided on the frame 674 so as to surround the outer periphery of the lower part of the main tower 675 in a round shape. The protective dam 683 has an outer peripheral surface that rises so that the tsunami flow X and the like flow upward and flow as a side stream along the conical surface. The outer peripheral surface of the protective bank 683 may be vertical. The rear part of the protective bank 683 is cut out so that evacuees can pass through it.
The protective bank 683 has a round plane, but the geometric shapes illustrated in FIGS. 50 to 53 can be applied. It may be oval or elliptical. Although the left and right side surfaces of the protective bank 683 and the main tower 675 are separated from each other, this interval may be omitted by the integration of both 683 and 675. Although the upper surface of the protective bank 683 is open, for safety, a separate top wall may be provided there. 684 shown by a virtual line in FIG. 58 is for controlling the tsunami flow X in the middle ring. The protective dam 683 may be made of iron tube instead of concrete.

  In the right column of FIG. 58, the evacuation stage 686 is made of concrete as an integrated chamber with a ceiling wall 687. The top wall 687 may be a separate object. In addition, in order to ensure a view / monitoring function, a peripheral entrance can be provided on the peripheral surface of the evacuation stage 686, or a reinforced resin plate such as tempered glass or polycarbonate can be fitted as a window plate 688 in the entrance. The evacuation stage 686 may have an inverted conical shape like a virtual line.

FIG. 59 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, in addition to the evacuation stage 690 on the top floor, the evacuation stage 691 is configured on the lower floor. 692 is a core cylinder, 693 is a spiral staircase, and 694 is a main tower. An annular evacuation stage 691 is provided on the outer periphery corresponding to the lower part of the evacuation stage 690 of the main tower 694, a peripheral wall 695 is added, and the main tower 694 is opened. The user can evacuate into the evacuation space 697 through the contact port 696. As a result, more evacuees can be accommodated in the same installation area. It should be noted that if an evacuation space is formed at a corresponding height by opening a passage in the lower wall of the main tower 694, an evacuation facility having a multistage evacuation space can be provided. These structures may be made of concrete or steel. Moreover, these combinations may be sufficient.
When the core cylinder 692 is hollow, the same space can be used as an evacuation space. As shown in FIG. 59, partition bottom plates 698... Are arranged at an appropriate height in the core cylinder 692 in one or a plurality of upper and lower stages, and an entrance 699 is opened correspondingly, and a spiral staircase as shown by an arrow. The evacuation space 700 can be evacuated from the 693 side.

The spiral staircase (or slope) 693 itself can provide evacuation space for many people. Therefore, it is wise to make the whole area wide. For this purpose, the same can be said for each of the embodiments described above. When the diameter of the main tower 694 is constant, the slope of the staircase is made as gentle as possible and the width of the staircase is made as large as possible. If the slope is relaxed and the width is increased, climbing (evacuation) is safe and easy. As a plan to increase the width, the diameter of the core tube 692 is made as small as possible.
The evacuation stage 690, the evacuation space 697, and the evacuation space 700 can be configured individually or in combination as appropriate, and can be applied to other embodiments.

FIG. 60 shows another embodiment. Reference numeral 703 denotes a main tower (which may be a low building type instead of a tower type), and is constructed with a RC structure such as a square or a round cylinder, and a triangle or other polygonal cylinder as viewed from above. The main tower 703 includes a plurality of floors and has evacuation stages 704 as walls separating the upper and lower sides, and is fixedly installed on a concrete foundation 705 via a mount 706.
Reference numeral 707 denotes a slope, and 708 denotes an evacuation entrance. A vertical inner cylinder (may be a vertical rail) 709 is also RC with the center (may be at another position) of the main tower 703 passing through each evacuation stage 704. It is provided integrally as a structural part.

Each of the inner cylinders 709 has openings 710... And a spiral staircase 711. As indicated by the arrow, when evacuating due to the tsunami, the evacuation entrance 708 is entered from the slope 707, and the evacuation stage 704 is evacuated from the entrance 710 using the spiral staircase 711. In this case, the spiral staircase 711 also functions as an evacuation site.
Instead of the spiral staircase 711, a straight staircase or a slope may be used.

  61 and 62 show another embodiment relating to an evacuation facility (tsunami evacuation tower) for evacuating in advance of an tsunami (including flood) X. In the same embodiment, reference numeral 720 denotes a support, which is made of concrete, and in the embodiment is a round pillar, but various shapes such as an ellipse, a triangle, a quadrangle, a hexagon as shown in the upper left column of FIG. Shapes can be used.

  Each support column 720 is vertically arranged at the apex position of a triangle when viewed from above, and each support column 720 has a diameter of 1.5 to 3 m, but may have a large diameter of 3 m or more. The main tower 720 itself can be a solid type or a hollow type such as a pile. In addition, as shown in the lower left column of FIG. 61, a composition having a slightly small diameter a... In this case, in addition to the band for bundling them, a connection receiving material 727 as shown in the figure may be sandwiched to project and be connected to the connection beam 728.

These struts 720 are provided with a floating prevention board 721 at the lower end, and a similar installation board at the upper end. The floating prevention board 721 may be anchored to a foundation block (not shown) embedded in the foundation 722. Here, after the column 720 is erected, as shown in FIG. 62, a bank foundation 723 such as banking or banking concrete is constructed and the entire lower part thereof is held so as not to fall down. The anchor may be fixed as described above without the foundation 723. The peripheral surface of the raised foundation 723 may be a first climbing means (staircase, slope, or slope and staircase type so that it can be safely climbed up and down with respect to the direction X where the tsunami strikes. 724 is provided as an integral or separate staircase. The first ascending / descending means 724 may be of a wide width or a type having a staircase or a slope on the entire circumference, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. If there are stairs around the entire circumference, not only can the tsunami flow X be attenuated in stages, but the tsunami flow X can be effectively divided in the left-right circumferential direction.
It should be noted that the plurality of columns 720...
Further, the support column 720 may be centrifugally formed with internal reinforcing reinforcing bars (combination of a plurality of longitudinal reinforcing bars and helical reinforcing bars on the outer periphery thereof) 726... As shown in the lower right column of FIG.

  A connecting receiving member 727 having a plane V shape is embedded and fixed to each of the columns 720 at the middle and upper end in the longitudinal direction. As shown in the right column of FIG. 62, the connection receiving material 727 is based on H-shaped steel, and its short side is integrated into a V shape and embedded at the same time as the column 720 is formed. is there. As shown in FIG. 61, these connection receiving members 727 are arranged so as to face along the respective sides from the position of the apex of the triangle. The fasteners 730 are connected to each other via a joint material 729 on the front and back sides shown in 62.

  These beam structures are connected to the intermediate height and the upper end height of the column 720 as shown in FIG. An evacuation stage 732 is fixed to the upper ends of the three columns 720 through a disk or a square via the installation board and the beam structure at the upper end. A protective handrail 733 is provided around the evacuation stage 732. Further, an intermediate evacuation stage 734 using the upper surface of the beam structure is also provided at the intermediate height. A protective handrail 735 is also provided around the evacuation stage 734.

  As climbing means, second climbing means 736 from the foundation 723 to the middle evacuation stage 734 and third climbing means 737 from the stage 734 to the upper evacuation stage 732 are configured. The third ascending / descending means 737 is a folding type, but may be composed of only one when the evacuation stage 732 is low.

  As shown by the phantom line 1 in FIG. 62, the raised foundation 723 may be installed under a wider area than that of the solid line, or may be raised to reach the middle beam structure height as shown by II. Good. When the height is increased as in II, there are a method of exposing the upper surface of the beam structure and the middle evacuation stage 734, and a method of making the concrete surface the middle evacuation stage surface by filling the beam structure part with concrete. . The top surface of II may correspond to the bottom level of the middle beam structure.

In addition, as shown in the lower right column of FIG. 61, a half-clamped band 739 including a connection receiving member 727 may be fixed around the support column 720.
Further, as shown in FIG. 63 and FIG. 64, including the case where there is an internal reinforcing bar and the case where there is no internal reinforcing bar, a notch 741 is formed in the column 720 itself, and anchor bolts 742. The mounting seat plate 744 integrally provided with the connection receiving material 743 may be fastened.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 61 to 64, the number of support columns may be other numbers such as two or four.
Moreover, you may use the support | pillar formed by simultaneously forming a steel pipe on the outer periphery of hollow concrete like SC pile. You may make it attach a connection receiving material to this by a welding type or a fastening band type.

  FIG. 65 also shows another embodiment of a facility for evacuating a tsunami (or flood, typhoon, tornado, etc.). The embodiment is a land-mounted type, and in the figure, four spherical bottom joints 749 each having a plurality of (three in the figure) brackets 747 projecting and having a seating board 748 at the bottom are prepared, and the predetermined position, FIG. Then, after being fixedly installed at the apex position of a plane quadrangle of about 20 to 30 m on one side by an anchor 750, a horizontal connecting member 752 provided with brackets 751 at both ends is connected to the bracket 751 via a fastener. After that, by connecting the brackets 756 at the other ends of the four diagonal connecting members 755 having one end convergingly connected to the bracket 754 of the top joint 753 to the bracket 747 via a fastener, Is completed. It is natural to hang cranes during these constructions. The horizontal connecting member 752, the oblique connecting member 755, the joints 749, 753, and the like are made of steel, but may be made of concrete. In the case of concrete, a reinforcing bar type is preferable.

This facility is a regular quadrangular pyramid, but it may have a triangular pyramid skeleton shape as shown in the upper left column of FIG. That is, 749 is a bottom joint, and 752 is a horizontal connecting material, thereby forming a bottom skeleton having a plane triangle, and three oblique connecting materials 755... That rise obliquely from three bottom joints 749 to a top joint 753. In addition, an evacuation stage 757 is installed at an appropriate height so as to be able to climb. Although one bottom joint 749 is directed so as to oppose the direction X in which the tsunami strikes, it is not limited to this.
Further, as shown by C in the figure, if a flow control material for separating the incoming tsunami flow X to the left and right is provided so as to correspond to a plane lower than the evacuation stage 757 on the left and right sides of the skeleton, damage is reduced. The flow control materials C and C may be stretched so as to reach higher than the evacuation stage 757. Persons evacuated to the evacuation stage 757 can be more reliably protected from the tsunami flow X. The facility may have another polygonal pyramid shape such as a hexagon or an octagon.
Further, as indicated by a virtual line, an evacuation stage 757 is provided in the middle stage, and the climbing means 758 can climb up and down from the ground. The evacuation stage 757 may be configured in a plurality of upper and lower stages as shown in FIG. Further, the lower framework of the facility may be embedded with a pile foundation 760 such as earth and sand or concrete as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. The same foundation may be raised as 761 and the upper surface thereof may be the evacuation stage 762. A plurality of these facilities may be installed and connected to each other.

  As shown in the upper right column of FIG. 66, it may be a continuous type in which other frames A and A are combined in the opposite manner to FIG. In this case, the stability of the entire facility for evacuation is improved by filling these lower areas with the foundation so as to show the upper surface at level L. 764 is climbing means, and 765 is an evacuation stage. A mode opposite to that of this embodiment may be adopted.

  Fig. 67 is also a tsunami evacuation facility, which mainly evacuates vehicles 768 ..., passengers and nearby people across multiple floors as an evacuation facility during emergency such as tsunami (flood) during normal times. Evacuation can be performed quickly and efficiently. Further, an attached house 769 that can be effectively used as a disaster prevention training facility or an accommodation facility during a normal time can be installed like a virtual line.

  770 is the ground, and 771 is a pile foundation such as concrete formed thereon, and a plurality of vertical and horizontal columns 772 are erected on the foundation 771. The high-floor floor 773, the third-floor floor 774, and the rooftop floor 775 having a rectangular plane by these columns 772 are constructed of steel or concrete.

  The foundation 771 serves as a tsunami breakwater, and two slopes are provided with slope-shaped entrances 777 into which the evacuated vehicle 768 can enter from two directions. A pair of main slopes 778 that bend in a plane L shape from the entrance / exit 777 to the second floor 773 → the third floor 774 → the rooftop 775 is attached. The vehicle 768 from the entrance / exit 777 can climb to the left-hand line of the main slope 778 by the route of arrow U (abbreviation of UP), and then to the second floor 773 → the third floor 774 → the roof floor 775. You can climb one after another. And as indicated by arrow D (abbreviation of DOWN), it is possible to return to the ground from the rooftop floor 775 and to move to the other floors 774 and 773 to change the evacuation site. Yes.

The house 769 may be a container, but the installation location is, for example, between the high second floor 773 and the third floor 774, or between the third floor 774 and the roof floor 775. It is natural that the high second floor 773 has a height exceeding the assumed height of the tsunami.
The main slope 778 itself becomes an evacuation part.

  69 and 70 show a modification thereof. 781 is a raised foundation, 782 is a support column, 783 is a high second floor, 784 is a third floor, 785 is a rooftop floor, and the rising foundation 781 has four entrances 786, from which The evacuation to the high second floor 783 is made through four climbing means including a license rope 787 and a protective peripheral wall 788. That is, by having more evacuation routes than in the above-described embodiment, efficient evacuation activities can be performed more quickly.

  The license rope 787 may also be a reciprocating line type. However, in the case of a single line, control is performed with a signal 789 so that vehicles traveling up and down do not collide. Reference numeral 790 denotes a main slope for guiding the vehicle from the high second floor 73 to the third floor 784, the third floor 784 to the roof floor 785. In this embodiment, any number of vehicles and the like can be evacuated from the ground to the high second floor 783, and after evacuating to the safe area, the second floor 783 can be safely and securely evacuated to the higher floors. I thought so. 69 and 70 are the slopes 791 that allow the vehicle to be guided to the second floor 783 along each side of the rectangular facility. The vehicle can be evacuated to the high second floor 783 first of all. Regardless of the presence or absence of the main slope 790, the license rope 787 with the peripheral wall 788 may extend to the rooftop floor 785. The slope 787 leads to each floor.

71 and 72 includes a high-story floor 794, a third-floor floor 795, and a rooftop floor 796 that are constructed on a pile foundation 792 via columns 793, and a main slope 797 is additionally provided. In addition, the base 792 is extended to one side of the facility so that a large number of vehicles can be evacuated to the high second floor 794 as soon as possible, and from the foundation 792 to the high second floor 794 slightly. The first slope 798 of a wide type that is gently inclined is formed of steel or concrete. A large number of vehicles can be evacuated simultaneously by the first slope 798.
In the embodiment, the base is extended in the longitudinal direction of the facility to form the first slope 798. However, the first slope 798 may be extended to the side orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, or may be extended to both sides. Good.

The top view of FIG. 2 which shows one Embodiment of this invention. The side view of FIG. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The top view of FIG. 6 which shows other embodiment. The side view of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. 11 which shows other embodiment. The top view of FIG. 14 which shows other embodiment. The side view of FIG. The side view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows the additional example of a proposal. The sectional side view which shows the other example of a proposal. The perspective view which shows the other example of a proposal. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The top view of the evacuation apparatus of FIG. 21 which shows other embodiment. The left view of the evacuation apparatus of FIG. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The left view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows other embodiment. The left view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The front view of the evacuation facility thing which shows other embodiment. The rear view of FIG. The top view of FIG. The bottom view of FIG. The right view of FIG. FIG. 32 is a transverse plan view of the 1F portion of FIG. 31. FIG. 32 is a transverse plan view of the 2F portion of FIG. 31. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional plan view of the 3F portion of FIG. 31. The front view which shows other embodiment. The L arrow line view of FIG. FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. The II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The front view which shows other embodiment. The left view of FIG. The left view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows embodiment of FIG. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. FIG. 55 is a partially cutaway side view showing the embodiment of FIG. The side view which shows other embodiment. The LL sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 58 which shows other embodiment. The side view of FIG. The longitudinal section side view showing other embodiments. The longitudinal section side view showing other embodiments. The MM sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 62 which shows other embodiment. The side view of FIG. The cross-sectional view of FIG. 64 which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows other embodiment. The top view of FIG. 68 which shows other embodiment. FIG. 68 is a front view of FIG. 67. The top view of FIG. 70 which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. The top view of FIG. 72 which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... High elongation object 2,48 ... Ground 4,28,50,140 ... Lifting material 6,29,51 ... Evacuation part of high place

Claims (4)

  A construction method for evacuation equipment that can evacuate to high places in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami or flood, and is intended to receive natural or artificial high stretched objects such as standing trees, utility poles, standing poles, etc. And an evacuation device construction method for fixedly installing an evacuation device having an evacuation part on a ground.   An evacuation device that can evacuate to high places in the event of a disaster such as a tsunami or flood, and has natural materials or artificial high stretched objects such as standing trees, utility poles, standing poles, etc. An evacuation device having a portion that can be received and configured so that the lifting material can be fixed to the ground.   3. The evacuation device according to claim 2, wherein the buffer means is arranged as a combination on the front side and / or the rear side where the tsunami strikes.   The evacuation device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the high place evacuation part also includes a bridge part connecting a plurality of high stretch articles.

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