JP2008014112A - Seismic sea wave evacuation device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seismic sea wave evacuation device particularly powerful to tsunami of high wave height to ensure evacuation. <P>SOLUTION: Upper posts are arranged on the upper side of a plurality of lower inside posts, and lower outside posts are arranged around the outside of the lower inside posts. An evacuation stage is constructed at the upper parts of upper inside posts, and a going-up/down means for going up to and down from the evacuation stage to the ground is provided to form a high-rise tower type as a whole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation device.

  Recently, a large tsunami occurred in Indonesia, and many victims appeared, but some of the tsunamis were high waves, and in 1896 the Meiji Sanriku earthquake tsunami occurred off the coast of Sanriku, the wave height was There is a record that reached 38m.

The applicant previously proposed a tsunami evacuation tower, but has realized that a particularly high evacuation tower is necessary for such a high tsunami.
In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tsunami evacuation device that is particularly powerful and can reliably evacuate against a tsunami with a high wave height.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is arranged such that an upper support column is arranged on the upper side of a plurality of lower inner support columns, and a lower outer support column is arranged on the outer periphery of the lower inner support column. In addition to the connection, a evacuation stage was constructed on the upper part of the upper inner support column, and a climbing means for ascending and descending from the ground to the evacuation stage was provided, so that a high-stretch tower type was formed as a whole.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a tsunami evacuation device that is particularly powerful and can reliably evacuate against a tsunami with a high wave height.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The plan described in each embodiment below applies to other embodiments as well.
The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 is for the Takanobu Tower, and even if a tsunami with a wave height of 38 m recorded during the 1896 Meiji Sanriku Earthquake Tsunami that occurred off the coast of Sanriku hits again, you can evacuate. It is made of steel frame with the evacuation stage floor level set to 41m high so that it can be saved. Here, the front surface of the hand in FIG. 1 is set to face directly in front of the direction in which the tsunami attack is assumed, but may be set obliquely with respect to the incoming direction.

  Reference numeral 500 denotes a lower inner support column, which is composed of four square (or round) pipes having a length of 25 m. These lower inner support columns 500... It is constructed to have a five-story structure by beams 501.

  Around the lower inner support column 500, a total of 12 lower outer support columns 502, each having a length of about 15 m, are vertically arranged, and are constructed by interconnecting beams 501 so that the front width and the depth are each about 18 m. . A seat plate 505 is fixed to the lower end of each of the lower inner support column 500 and the lower outer support column 502 and fixed to the concrete base 504 side embedded and fixed in advance in the ground 503, and is disposed at a corresponding position on the concrete base 504 side. A nut is fixed to an anchor bolt (not shown). Note that, as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 1, they may be fixed to each other on a flange on the embedded support column 506 that is embedded and fixed in the concrete base 504 in advance. Needless to say, the fixing method is not limited to the above. As a result, a stable base portion a having a large standing area is configured.

  Reference numeral 508 denotes an upper support column, and the upper support column 508 is a square or round pipe that is one rank narrower than the lower inner support column 500, and stands vertically so that a total of four pieces are placed on the lower inner support column 500 as a set. It is fixed. These upper columns 508 are interconnected by upper beams 509... To form a tower portion a.

  Reference numeral 511 denotes an evacuation stage, which is set to a height of 41 m from the ground 503 and has a planar shape protruding to the outer periphery wider than the plane of the upper support column 508, and a blind protective cover 512 is covered on the outer periphery. . The space inside is a substantial evacuation part. Reference numeral 513 denotes a stage base, and the base 513 is used to fix a navigation guide light projecting device 514 having a function as a lighthouse, a relay antenna (not shown), and other devices.

  Reference numeral 515 denotes an oblique staircase that is a climbing means. The first and second floors of this staircase 515 are provided as a pair of left and right so that as many people as possible can climb up as quickly as possible, and as seen from the direction of the tsunami as shown on the right side in FIG. It is a setting that allows you to safely climb from the rear side, which does not oppose the tsunami flow, to the front and upward.

  The staircase 515 that transitions from the third floor to the tower portion b and the staircase 515 in the tower portion b are single-row staircases. In addition, floor boards 516 are laid on the floor surface of each floor in the base part a and the tower part b excluding the first floor as shown in the cross-sectional view along the line H-H in FIG.

  A simple elevator device 518 is configured. The apparatus 518 includes an elevator guide 519 and an elevator main body 520. The elevator guide 519 is formed of four pieces of angle materials, square pipes, and the like that extend from the center of the second floor through the center of the evacuation stage 511 and extend upward. It consists of a set of guide frames, and the four sides may be provided with shielding materials such as a peripheral wall, a vertical beam S (right column in FIG. 1), and a lattice in order to eliminate fear.

  The elevator body 520 is a simple type and includes a passenger door 521, and rolling rollers (not shown) provided at the four corners of the elevator body 520 move up and down while rolling along the guide 519. The driving device 522 is provided at the apex position of the elevator guide 520, and the lower end of the wire 523 wound around the winding drum in the device 522 is connected to the main body 520.

  Note that a protrusion 524 is provided on the bottom surface of the elevator body 520, and this protrusion 524 can be moved up and down stably while avoiding direct contact with the bottom surface of the main body even if the water surface rises due to the tsunami from below. promise. Moreover, the entrance / exit door 521 can be evacuated more safely if it is installed backward rather than in the direction of the tsunami. Furthermore, although the elevator apparatus 518 is one in the above-described embodiment, it may be provided in several units in parallel. On the other hand, even if the number of the elevator devices 518 is one, it may be as large as the area occupied by the tower portion b.

  In the embodiment, as shown by phantom lines in FIG. 1, the outer wall 525 is attached at a height of about half or more of each floor so as to eliminate fear and to protect evacuees from tsunamis. It may be. The outer wall 525 may extend over the entire height of each floor (see the left column in FIG. 1). There is a case where the outer wall 525 is provided on the first floor and a case where it is not so. The outer wall 525 can be an active reinforcing member. In that case, the outer wall 525 may have an inner / outer double or triple structure.

Also, the location 527 marked with an X on the first floor may be used for offices, storerooms, parking lots, etc. Further, the location marked with an X on the slightly higher 3rd floor is given absolute strength against the tsunami. It can be used as a safety room 528 or as a disaster prevention information command base 529.
Furthermore, a midway evacuation chamber 530 can be provided in the tower part b, and this evacuation chamber 530 is a safe evacuation chamber having absolute strength against tsunami.

  Further, the evacuation stage 511 can be provided with an evacuation projector 531 and a wind power generator 532, and other necessary equipment and appliance storage units. In addition, like the phantom line of FIG. 1, the jumping stand 533 which can utilize a bungee jump can also be attached | subjected at normal time.

Further, as shown by phantom lines in FIG. 1, the Takanobu tower may be reinforced and supported by checker wires 535. In this case, it is assumed that the wire 535 is pulled out by the impact of a tsunami. 536 can be added. The wire 536 may be anchored to the ground 503 side or fixed to the tower.
Further, as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 1, a spring absorbing device 537 may be attached to the upper end (or lower end or midway) of the check wire 535 to effectively prevent the collapse of the high stretch tower. .

  In addition, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 6, when there is a high place such as a mountain or a hill on the right side, the evacuation passage body 538 is extended from the Takanobu tower to enable evacuation to the high place. Good. In this case, the existence of the escape passage body 538 also serves as a powerful support for the Takanobu tower.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 13 is a two-stage system comprising a wide and stable base part a and a tower part b thereon, and a tower part b having a slightly wider lower part b-1 and a narrow upper part b-2. It becomes a high-strength tower with a three-stage configuration with the upper part gradually narrowed. There may be four or five stages.

  An evacuation stage 541 is provided at the upper end of the Takanobu tower, and an elevator apparatus 543 including an elevator guide 542 and an elevator main body is provided at the center of the tower as in the above embodiment. Reference numeral 544 denotes a driving device for winding.

In addition, the tower has outer walls 545 ... on each floor to protect against tsunamis and eliminate the fear of evacuation. Although the inside cannot be seen with the outer wall 545, stairs 546 are provided in the inside so as to be able to climb up and down from the first floor to the evacuation stage 541 as shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 12, and 13. Reference numeral 547 denotes a support reinforcing material.
The same applies to the embodiment of FIG. 1 and the embodiment of FIG. 8, but on the side where the tsunami strikes in front of the Takanobu tower, a preliminary buffer member (a pole or obstacle) separate from the tower. A single wall or multiple walls may be installed. The same applies to the following embodiments.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 14 to FIG. 17, an acute triangular triangular pyramid-shaped high stretch tower is erected by three diagonal columns 549... And the height of the floor of the evacuation stage 550 is about 41 m. It is set at a high level, and the columns 549 are connected to each other in several stages by horizontal connecting members 551 and the whole is constructed by appropriately combining oblique reinforcing members 552. The lowermost reinforcing material 552 has a base embedded in the ground or concrete foundation, but is not limited thereto. For example, it may be pulled to the ground side with a wire.
553 is a pulling wire, 554 is a slack auxiliary wire, and 555 is an anchor. One end of the auxiliary wire 554 may be fixed to the ground side like 554 '.

  In such a thing, the climbing type simple elevator 557 is used for climbing of the evacuees. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the elevator 557 includes a pair of gondolas 559 with entry / exit doors 558. The gondola 559 is connected to each other by an endless connecting strip 560 such as a wire or a link chain. The upper drive sprocket 561, the pair of idlers 562, the base idler 563 provided at the base of the two support columns 549, and the like can be alternately raised and lowered. The first and second guide rails 564 and 565 are fixed to the outer surfaces of the two columns 549 so as to extend from the ground side to the evacuation stage 550. The gondola 559 is moved up and down so that the side roller 567 hits.

These two struts 549 are two corresponding to the rear side when the side where the tsunami strikes is taken as a reference. FIG. 14 shows a state where one gondola 559 is located at the base of the tower for placing an evacuee, while the other gondola 559 climbs onto the evacuation stage 550 through a through hole 568 opened to the evacuation stage 550. Show. By repeating this operation alternately, a large number of people can be evacuated on the evacuation stage 550. Although not shown in this figure, a separate escape staircase can be attached. In this case, a spiral staircase may be attached. Further, the elevator is not slidable, and may be operated separately, or may be raised and lowered at the center of the tower.
The number of support columns 549 may be four (or more) as shown in FIG. When the slidable lift 569 is configured, each of the lifts 569 can be configured with respect to a pair of support columns 549 as illustrated. Reference numeral 570 denotes a driving device (motor).

18 and 19 show another embodiment. Reference numeral 639 denotes the sea surface, 640 denotes a shoreline embankment, 641 denotes a general residential area, and 642 denotes a mountain at the shortest distance. In such a residential area 641, direct climbing to the mountain 642 is the most reliable as evacuation.
However, the distance for evacuation is often long, and in such a case, the two-stage evacuation method shown in these figures is an effective and reliable evacuation method.

  First of all, an evacuation tower 643 as shown in the figure is set up in a park or open space nearby from the residential area 641 so that many residents first climb the tower 643 to be saved. The evacuation rope 646 stretched between the primary evacuation stage 644 at the top of the mountain and the secondary evacuation stage 645 provided at the foot of the mountain is used for sliding evacuation with a slow slider 647.

  The tower 643 is provided with a staircase 648 at the bottom, guides refugees to the second or third floor, and then evacuates to the primary evacuation stage 644 using a simple elevator EV passing through the center. In the primary evacuation stage 644, one end of the rope 646 is connected to the simple elevator EV, and a large number of slow sliders 647.

  The slow slider 647 includes a roller 648 and a roller bracket 649 that slowly rotate on the rope 646. The bracket 64 completely wraps the entire body of the evacuees and allows only the entrance and exit freely through the opening 650. A strong and foldable resin film bag-shaped body 651 is provided. Since many of the main bodies 651 are regularly folded, they are deployed one after the other so that the rollers 648 are hung on the ropes 646, and the evacuees get into the main body 651 from the main body opening 650. Is completed. The roller 648 is configured such that the governor works by a rotation exceeding a certain level so that a constant slow speed can be maintained. The evacuees may be able to manually brake.

  The main body 651 may be provided with bone to the extent that folding is possible and may have shape retention. The main body 651 may adopt a gas expansion bag system. On the other hand, since the safety cushion 652 is opposed to the secondary evacuation stage 645, the evacuee can be safely stopped and collected.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 relates to a tsunami evacuation combined type multi-story parking garage, which can be used as a multi-story parking garage during normal times, as well as nearby vehicles such as vehicles 900 and people passing by during a tsunami attack. All of them can be evacuated freely, and wheelchairs can be evacuated easily using slopes and elevators.

  901 is the ground, and 902 is a concrete foundation embedded and integrated in the ground 901. This concrete foundation 902 has a raised foundation with its upper surface set high to around 1m to 5m according to the assumed tsunami intrusion height. In addition to protecting it from tsunamis, it is possible to prevent vehicles that are parked on the concrete foundation 902 as parking lots from being immersed or washed away by the tsunami. However, when the concrete foundation 902 is set low as shown in the figure, on the assumption that a tsunami will attack, the upper surface may not be used as a parking lot and may be other facilities that can be attacked. On the other hand, when the concrete foundation 902 is set low and the upper surface is used as a parking lot, a 3 to 5 m outer peripheral protective wall is fixedly installed over the entire circumference (partially with a closed doorway). Parked vehicles can be protected.

  Reference numeral 903 denotes a support, which is a square pipe, but may be a round or other shape pipe, or a concrete support that stands up from the foundation. There are cases where natural timber that is vertically oriented is tightened around the outer periphery of the column 903 to make it look like a wooden column, and this wooden column receives the flots that come and collide with the tsunami with less shock. And the role of protecting the entire multistory parking lot including the column 903. This wooden cover method can also be applied to other equipment locations such as floors and slopes described below.

  This multistory parking lot is configured by arranging three columns 903... On the coast side (the tsunami invasion side) in the right direction of FIG. 20 and arranging these four columns in the depth direction. The intervals between the columns 903 are variously set such as 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, 20 m, and so on. Reference numeral 904 denotes a second floor, 905 denotes a third floor, and 906 denotes a rooftop floor. These vertical spaces have the same size, and these floors 904, 905, and 906 can all be used as parking lots. ing. In addition, peripheral walls 907 are provided around the entire floors 904, 905, and 906 at a height between the upper and lower floors or slightly lower than that.

In particular, the second-floor peripheral wall 907 needs to have a structure that can withstand a tsunami when a tsunami attack is expected, and only a part of the front wall facing the coast can be a durable wall. .
In addition, on the coastal surface of the multi-story parking lot, a preliminary breakwater 908 made of concrete, steel, wooden, etc. is fixedly installed at a distance from the multi-story parking lot, and its front surface is curved so that the tsunami flow May flow from side to side.

910 is a climbing slope, and two are installed so that as many people as possible can evacuate from various sides. The climbing slope 910 is L-shaped when viewed from above, but may be of a type that follows only one side. The climbing slope 910 is dedicated to vehicles, and can climb from the ground to the second floor (arrow U2) → third floor (arrow U3) → rooftop (arrow U4) and from each floor to another floor. An up slope 911 that can be changed is provided, and a down slope 912 that can go down from the roof to the ground (arrow D) is provided in a side-by-side manner. A road partition 913 is provided between the ascending slope 911 and the descending slope 912 so as to avoid accidents caused by reverse transmission during ascending and descending, and the ascending slope 911 is separated only so that the descending slope 912 is only descending. .
U is an abbreviation for UP, and D is an abbreviation for DOWN.

In addition, an automatic door for preventing accidents is installed at the entrance of the slope 910 because there is a possibility that a person may enter. This automatic door is set to be switched so that it can be opened and closed without paying in the event of an emergency such as a tsunami during normal times.
In addition, automatic doors will be installed on the second, third, and rooftops to ensure safety. On the other hand, as shown in the right column of FIG. 21, a walking-only slope 914 that allows a wheelchair to climb can also be provided. When this walking-only slope 914 is made wide so that it is advantageous for evacuation, in order to prevent the vehicle from accidentally entering the slope 914, vehicle entry prevention means such as a blocking pole is installed near the entrance of the slope 914. It can be installed to allow passage. This vehicle entry preventing means can also be installed near the entrance of the second and higher floors to improve safety.

  Reference numeral 916 denotes a central elevator, which can be moved up and down between the first floor above the ground and the rooftop floor 906 (or between the second floor 904 and the rooftop floor 906). The elevator 916 may be a simple type, but here it is a large one so that many people can evacuate at the same time, and heavier food and other supplies can be carried on the rooftop. ing.

  Further, an evacuation staircase 917 is provided so as to be able to evacuate from the first floor above the roof 906 using the side of the elevator 916. This escape staircase may be an inner spiral staircase using the internal space of the column 903 or an outer spiral staircase. Further, the support column 903 may be provided with an inner spiral staircase and an outer spiral staircase.

On the rooftop floor 906, an emergency heliport 918 is installed in a high-floor type, and an emergency slope 919 is provided so that an ambulance from the arrow U4 in FIG. 20 can go up and down. The ambulance may be raised and lowered using the elevator 916.
Note that a kitchen, an emergency medical room, an elderly care room, and the like can be installed between the emergency heliport 918 and the rooftop floor 906, for example. These kitchens and the like may be operable not only in an emergency but also in an emergency and a normal time.
Further, as indicated by a virtual line at the left end of FIG. 21, there is a space above or below the climb slope 910, and the facility 920 may be attached using this space. Using this facility 920, for example, a storage such as a rescue boat required when a tsunami comes may be configured, or an emergency food storage warehouse may be configured.

As shown in the lower column of FIG. 21, the cage 890 inside the elevator 916 is generally equipped with a lighting fixture 891 on the upper side of the room and a translucent cover 892 on the lower side. As described in the accident report, there are many cases where the passengers who are on the elevator 916 are left in an emergency stop due to the occurrence of an earthquake. In that case, it has been reported that it is difficult to use the toilet. Therefore, an emergency set 893... Is installed in the illumination space of the cage 890. In this case, the translucent cover 892 is housed in the set 893 so that it can be opened and closed in an emergency and can be used. . This set 893 should be equipped as much as possible including necessary equipment such as oxygen inhalers, emergency food, drinking water, battery-powered lighting equipment, alarm sound generators, blankets as well as various equipment for small and large urine. To. In an emergency, a set 893 that is stored with the cover 892 opened as shown by an arrow is used. In addition, in such a system, the bottom cover 894 of the cage 890 can be opened and closed so that the set in the bottom storage portion 895 can be used, and can be stored on both the upper side and the bottom side. Although not, it can also be stored in the side wall of the cage 890. And such a set can be stored in the corner of the cage 890. Note that the used set 893 may be considered so that odors and the like are confined by completely sealing the cover 892. The bottom storage portion 895 includes a type in which a bottom wall of an existing elevator is improved to be a storage portion outside the bottom, and a type in which a storage portion is integrally formed at the bottom of a new elevator. The upper storage portion 892 is also classified into a type that improves the illumination portion of an existing elevator and a type that combines the illumination portion of a new elevator.
The above-described plan is applicable not only to a tsunami evacuation combined parking lot but also to all elevator devices such as a building such as a general building and a general residential elevator.

  22 and 23 show another embodiment of a tsunami evacuation combined parking lot. On the ground 923, a plurality of support columns 924 are erected on a concrete foundation (not shown), and a second floor 925, a third floor 926, and a rooftop floor 927 are configured through these columns 924. Reference numeral 928 denotes an up slope, where the shore side (which coincides with the side where the tsunami strikes indicated by arrows) is assumed to be the front side, the rear side is the up entrance, and this up entrance is the vehicle up entrance 929 and the walking up entrance 930. There are two left and right. The walking ascending port 930 is slightly narrowed or a pole as described above is erected so that the vehicle b does not enter without permission. On the other hand, an automatic door (not shown) may be provided at the vehicle entrance 929 so that the evacuating person a ... does not enter without permission (a charge system is used only during normal times and a non-charge system is used in an emergency).

  The ascending slope 928 is provided along the left and right sides (or one side) of the multi-story parking lot so that it descends as far as possible from the front side, which is the shore side, as shown in the figure. However, he tries to avoid climbing up the slope 928. Then, the vehicle b is guided to the upper floor from the ground to the third floor 926 and the rooftop floor 927 instead of the second floor, so that the vehicle can be parked on the higher third floor 926, the rooftop floor 927, etc. from normal time. Even if a tsunami hits the vehicle as it is, the vehicle b is prevented from being swept away or flooded by the tsunami.

Reference numeral 932 denotes a downward slope that guides the vehicle b from the rooftop floor 927 to the ground.
In addition, an automatic door 934 is provided near the entrance to the third floor 926 and the exit of the uphill slope 933 for the vehicle and the entrance to the rooftop floor 927 of the slope 933 so that the evacuees do not enter without permission. Further, a pole 936 is provided near the entrance to the third floor 926 of the walking up slope 935 and the entrance to the rooftop floor 927 so that the vehicle 931 does not enter. An automatic door 934 is also provided in the vicinity of the entrance from the rooftop floor 927 to the descending slope 932 for the same purpose.
In addition, an elevator 937 is installed in the center of the multi-story car park, etc., so that people including wheelchairs can be evacuated and people who use the car park during normal times can be used for transporting necessary goods. It is. In addition, a staircase 938 is provided for those who have evacuated to the rooftop or who have used the parking lot during normal times.

During normal times, it is used as a multi-level parking lot. That is, by paying a fee, the automatic door 934 opens and the vehicle b can enter the ascending slope 928, and can immediately climb and park on the high third floor 926 or the rooftop floor 27. After parking, you can get off using elevator 937 or stairs 938.
When a tsunami attack is warned, the toll system is canceled, and when the vehicle b is detected, the automatic door 934 is opened and can freely enter the uphill slope 933 for the vehicle. The person a ... who evacuates in a hurry will not accidentally enter because the automatic door 934 on the uphill slope 933 side of the vehicle is closed, while the pole 936 is on the side of the walking slope 930, so the vehicle b Will not enter. Therefore, the person who evacuates the vehicle b to the vehicle up slope 933 side is definitely guided to the walking up slope 935 side. The walking slope 935 can be climbed by wheelchairs and caregivers. And it can evacuate to the 3rd floor 926 and also the rooftop floor 927 as shown in FIG.

  Since the pole 936 is erected on the entrance to the third floor 926, the rooftop floor 927, and the like, the evacuated person will not encounter an accident caused by the vehicle b. On the other hand, a person who has once evacuated to the third floor 926 or the rooftop floor 927 does not enter the vehicle slopes 933 and 932 by the automatic door 934 without danger.

Reference numeral 939 denotes an emergency heliport, which is installed on the rooftop floor 927 in a stilt type, and the space under the floor can be used as in the above embodiment.
In the case of providing a pair of left and right ascending slopes 928, in the embodiment, one ascending port and the other ascending port are arranged on the same rear side. Sometimes it is on the side. That is, they can be arranged point-symmetrically in FIG.
In addition, the first floor concrete foundation and the second floor floor cannot be parked in consideration of the tsunami, but the first floor is parked if an outer peripheral protective wall is provided as described in the previous embodiment. The second floor is also related to the estimated tsunami height, and parking is possible if a higher floor is set.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the walking slope and the vehicle slope are provided side by side, but for example, a complete separation system in which the upper side in FIG. 22 is a walking-only slope and the lower side is a vehicle-only slope. Is also possible.

  24 and 25 show another embodiment. The embodiment is an example of a tsunami evacuation tower (facility) for a nearby resident to climb and evacuate when a tsunami attack is expected. The number of towers is not limited to 4 Two steel pipe columns 942 are erected on a concrete foundation (not shown) and the middle stages are connected by a connecting beam 943, and a middle stage evacuation stage 944 is set in the plane so that the first stage 945 can be climbed. At the same time, a handrail 946 is provided for safety, and an upper evacuation stage 947 including a connecting beam is provided at the upper level, and an upper handrail 948 is provided, and the second staircase 949 can be climbed.

  The feature here is that, as shown in the broken line in FIG. 24 and the HH line enlarged cross section in FIG. 25, the exterior wood 950... 951 is set by tightening. As a result, the steel surface of the column 942 is not exposed, and it looks good in terms of natural wood feeling. Furthermore, even if a drifting object hits the tsunami, these drifting objects first hit the exterior wood 950. The entire tower, including the columns, will be protected. Moreover, when an earthquake occurs, the exterior wood 950 exhibits the function of reinforcing and supporting the support column 942. These exterior timbers 950 can be attached to other places, for example, the outer surface of an evacuation stage, a handrail, a staircase, or the like. As much as possible, the entire tower can be armored with such wood 950.

  FIGS. 26 to 31 show another embodiment of a steel structure type tsunami evacuation facility in which evacuation to a high place in the event of a tsunami or flood can be performed instantly and reliably. FIG. 27 is a front view seen from the direction A of FIG. 26, FIG. 28 is a rear view seen from the direction B of FIG. 26, FIG. 29 is a bottom view of FIG. 27, and FIG. FIG. 31 is a left side view seen from the direction D in FIG.

As seen in these figures, this tsunami evacuation facility consists of a main structure 2 fixed to the foundation 1 and a heliport structure 3 fixed to the upper side thereof.
The main structure 2 is composed of a plurality of main struts 5 made of vertical and parallel metal pipes arranged in a plane so as to correspond to the center and apex of a regular polygon (hexagon), and the main struts 5. The main column 5 is horizontally connected to the upper surface of the main column 5 via the middle column beam 6 which horizontally connects the middle heights and the upper column beam 7 which connects the upper ends of the main columns 5 to the upper surface. A main evacuation stage 9 which is fixed and provided with a handrail (falling prevention means) 8 on the outer periphery thereof, and is provided in two stages around the desired main column 5 to evacuate the refugees from the base 1 An evacuation staircase 10 for guiding the stage 9 is provided.

In addition, 11 is soil concrete and is comprised as a part of the foundation 1 side, and the main support | pillar 5 ... is standingly arranged on it. Reference numeral 12 denotes an entrance to the main evacuation stage 9.
The main evacuation stage 9 has a hexagonal shape, but as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 26, the main evacuation stage 9 may be a quadrangle (such as a regular rectangle or a long side rectangle) or another polygon (such as an octagon). It may be in shape.
Furthermore, although the evacuation staircase 10 is used as the climbing means in the embodiment, it may be a slope, a staircase and a slope may be provided, or a climbing means such as a simple elevator may be configured.
Further, an evacuation stage using the upper surface of the middle connecting beam 6 may be configured.
Furthermore, although the main evacuation stage 9 has a flat plate shape, it may be formed in a grating or a porous shape.

  The heliport structure 3 includes a plurality of upper struts 14 standing from the upper surface of the main evacuation stage 9 and a helicopter takeoff and landing with handrails 15 fixed in a plane quadrilateral shape via the upper ends of the upper struts 14. A stage 16 and a staircase 17 that is an ascending / descending means for communicating between the main evacuation stage 9 and the helicopter take-off and landing stage 16 are provided. In this case, the stage 16 may be a polygon such as a circle, a long-sided rectangle, or an octagon as schematically shown in FIG.

  This evacuation facility is assumed to be a structure that is installed and fixed through the soil concrete 11 on the foundation concrete embedded in the installation board, and can withstand earthquakes. In the event of a tsunami or flood, there is no need to climb to evacuation sites that are difficult to evacuate in the distance, such as mountains and hills, and a large number of people can evacuate quickly and easily from nearby to high places. The helicopter structure 3 on the roof makes it possible to transport emergency patients to the hospital by using a helicopter, take-off and landing for emergency rescue activities by using a helicopter, and use the stage surface 16 It is possible to increase the number of evacuated people.

  32 to 34 show another embodiment of a tsunami (or flood) evacuation facility. FIG. 32 is a perspective view thereof, FIG. 33 is a front view of the upper steel structure, and FIG. 34 is a bottom view of the structure.

  As shown in FIG. 32, this tsunami evacuation facility is composed of a lower part and an upper part, and the lower part is an RC structure 20, and a (solid) base part 21 embedded in the base and a four-sided rising first floor above it. The structure 20 includes an evacuation space, and the upper surface is an intermediate evacuation stage 23. In the internal evacuation space, it is possible to evacuate as indicated by an arrow X through an entrance opened on the back surface, and further to the intermediate evacuation stage 23 through the first staircase 24. In addition, although the 1st staircase 24 is provided through the inside as an integrated or separate body, it may be provided through the outside, and it can also be provided both inside and outside to ensure a sufficient amount of climbing. In addition, a slope can be added. The intermediate evacuation stage 23 may have an opening.

  The upper second floor portion is made of a steel frame structure 26. The structure 26 has a plurality of square steel pipe columns 28 with mounting seats 27 and handrails 29 connecting the lower ends of the columns 28. The upper evacuation stage 32 provided in a horizontal plane via the lower connection beam 30 with the upper connection beam 31 connecting the upper ends of the support column 8 and the upper connection beam 30 with the support column 8 and the upper connection beam 30. A second evacuation stairs for guiding a refugee onto the upper evacuation stage 32 by connecting between a handrail (fall prevention fence) 33 standing so as to surround the outer periphery of the evacuation stage 32 and the upper evacuation stage 32 from the lower end. 34.

  The steel structure 26 may be fixedly installed directly on the base. Here, the steel structure 26 is installed on the first floor evacuation construction part 22 fixed to the base, and the anchors are respectively attached to the mounting seat 27 and the lower connecting beam 30. It is connected and integrated with the lower part. In either case, the direction is not specified for the side where the tsunami attack is expected.

  The upper and lower evacuation facilities are premised on structures that can withstand earthquakes, and in the event of a tsunami or flood, there is no need to climb to evacuation sites such as mountains and hills that are difficult to evacuate. Thus, it is possible to provide an emergency evacuation site that can quickly and easily evacuate evacuees from residential areas, urban areas, coastal areas, etc. as neighborhoods.

  In addition, although both the 1st-floor evacuation construction part 22 and the steel frame construction body 26 in the said embodiment are planar rectangles, a round shape and another polygon may be sufficient. In addition, one or a plurality of spare guards 35, which are spaced apart as shown in FIG. 32, may be erected and arranged around the outer periphery of the first-floor evacuation construction portion 22 so that the RC structure is effective against impact. Protected.

FIGS. 35 to 37 show other embodiments of the facility for tsunami evacuation, and in particular, a heliport is specially provided for the facility.
The entire facility is firmly constructed for tsunami evacuation. 40 is a main structure, and the structure 40 is composed of a plurality of support columns 41 made of square (or round) steel pipes, and the like. Connecting beams 42, 43, and 44 made of H-shaped steel forming respective frames of the second floor, the third floor, and the rooftop are provided between the left and right and the front and rear of the columns 41.

  The first floor part is a parking part, and the second floor part is formed with an outer wall and an internal partition wall so as to be used as an office or a stockpile warehouse. The 3rd floor is used as a disaster prevention education facility during normal times, but it is a large space that can provide an evacuation site when a tsunami strikes. As shown in FIG. 36, on the front surface of the lattice-shaped portion surrounded by the support columns 40 and the connecting beams 42, 43, 44, wave avoidance reinforcement guards 45 are respectively provided between the support columns 40 in a plurality of upper and lower stages like virtual lines. It is fixed horizontally on the front, back, left, and right as the ties. The guard 45 may be provided only on the side where the tsunami strikes, for example, only on the front side of FIG. Reinforcing plates 46 are fixed at the corners between the columns 41 and the connecting beams 42, 43, 44.

  36, the first staircase 48 connecting the ground and the second floor portion, the second staircase 49 connecting the second floor portion and the third floor portion, and the third floor portion and the rooftop evacuation stage 50 are connected to the front side of FIG. A third staircase 51 is provided continuously. The first staircase 48 can be climbed simultaneously from the left and right so that as many people as possible can evacuate, and can enter and exit from the front entrance 52 on the second floor.

  The second staircase 49 is also configured to be divided into left and right so that it can be climbed at the same time, and as shown in FIG. 37, the depth roadbed 53 is horizontally provided from the side where the second staircase 49 is climbed. The 3rd floor can be accessed through the 3rd floor side entrance 54. The stairs 48, 49, 51 and the depth road bed 53 are each provided with a handrail 55 having a height of about 1 m. The handrail 55 has a pressure resistance and an impact resistance so that a tsunami does not pass through. The handrail wall 56 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 35, the face plate portion with a wide X display of the rooftop evacuation stage 50 is formed as a heliport 58 capable of taking off and landing for emergency rescue, and is formed in a rectangular portion having a front and rear of 9 m and a left and right of about 11 m. Is marked with an H mark. The handrail 55 provided around the evacuation stage 50 is assumed to be around 2 m when the heliport 58 is not provided. However, when the heliport 58 is provided, the handrail 55 is assumed to be as low as 1 m in consideration of helicopter takeoff and landing flights. It is. 59 is a light projecting means.
Note that Xh in FIG. 36 is the estimated height of the tsunami attack and is expected to be around 3 m, but this depends on various conditions of the installation location. Reference numeral 60 denotes a wave avoiding column, which is erected from the ground and arranged in parallel so that the upper end is connected to each part of the second staircase 49. The floor bottom of the heliport 58 is provided with cable-stretched reinforcing beams 61... To reinforce the floor.
Of the stairs 48, 49, 51, particularly for the structural members such as the frames and step boards of the stairs 48, 49 on the lower floor, if a strong material having excellent impact resistance and water pressure resistance is positively used, the facilities It effectively functions as a preliminary buffer means.

  When a tsunami strikes, people on the second and third floors use the second and third stairs 49 and 51 to evacuate to the rooftop evacuation stage 50. A nearby person evacuates from the first staircase 48 to the rooftop evacuation stage 50 using the second and third stairs 49 and 50. Since the helicopter can take off and land at the heliport 58, a person who needs emergency treatment can be carried to a medical facility (not shown) using the helicopter landed on the heliport 58. Therefore, the illustrated facility may be provided with an elevator facility 62 capable of transporting a patient from the ground to the roof as shown in FIG. The elevator equipment 62 can be selected from two types: a type that passes through the facility and a type that passes the outside. Note that what is indicated by an arrow in the facility 62 indicates, for example, the direction in which the stretcher is carried in / out.

  FIGS. 38 and 39 show another embodiment of the facility for tsunami evacuation. The facility and the main structure shown in FIGS. In addition, it replaces with description.

  The different part is that a column 41 corresponding to the heliport shown in FIGS. 35 to 37 is extended upward by about 2 m through the roof, and the columns 41 are interconnected by heliport connecting beams 63. Is provided with a handrail 65 that is low (around 1 m) so as not to interfere with takeoff and landing. A helipad 66 is formed by attaching an H mark to the center of the floor 64. 67 is a roof slope (or staircase) that connects the roof evacuation stage 50 and the heliport 66. The slope 67 can allow a stretcher to pass through, or even an ambulance can pass through.

Reference numeral 68 denotes an elevator facility that connects between the first floor parking lot and the rooftop evacuation stage 50. A stretcher or an ambulance is transported under the floor of the heliport 66, and the patient is brought into the helicopter on the heliport 66 through the slope 67. Helicopters can be transported by air to emergency medical equipment. The elevator equipment 68 may be provided outside the facility.
The heliport 66 may be provided in a low floor system (50 cm to 1 m) from the roof evacuation stage 50. In this case, the patient can be easily transported to the heliport 66 and the strength of the structure is increased. In this case, the elevator installation 66 can be arranged at a position different from that shown in FIG. 38, for example, on the left side of FIG. In this case, the height of the heliport 66 is preferably set to such a height that the stretcher carried out from the ambulance can be directly brought onto the floor surface on the heliport 66.

  FIG. 40 shows another embodiment, in which the heliport stage 71 is set slightly higher than the facility by a connecting beam 72 or the like (type like the embodiment shown in FIGS. 38 and 39), or a rooftop evacuation stage. In the case where the heliport is directly set on the top (such as the embodiment shown in FIGS. 35 to 37), the handrail 73 erected on the outer periphery of the helipad does not interfere with the takeoff and landing of the helicopter. In this figure, the handrail 73 can be changed from a vertical posture to a tilted-down posture by a handrail receiver 74 fixed to the helipad stage 71 side, and its drive is changed to a cylinder 75 or the like. This is performed by the driving device. Reference numeral 76 denotes a return stopper, which is used to define the handrail 73 when the handrail 73 returns to the vertical position. In the figure, the configuration of the handrail 73 for one side is illustrated, but the other sides can be similarly configured. The handrail 73 can be entirely made of resin or aluminum for weight reduction. The same applies to other embodiments.

  Thereby, if the handrail 73 is vertical, it functions as a handrail at the time of evacuation. On the other hand, if the handrail 73 is tilted like a virtual line, it can be prevented from interfering with the take-off and landing of the edge.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 41, a handrail 79 formed on one side of the helipad stage 78 is configured to be connected to a rotation fulcrum 80... By a driving means such as a cylinder 81. It can be changed to a standing posture like a solid line and a horizontal posture, so that it functions as a handrail as described above, so that it does not interfere with the takeoff and landing of the helicopter be able to.

  In such a side-by-side system, the handrails 79 are sequentially tilted counterclockwise so that adjacent ones of the handrails 79 do not interfere when viewed from above as shown in FIG. You may make it defeat the thing which opposes the remaining thing of FIG.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 43, a guide rail 85 is erected on the opposite side of one side of the helipad stage 84 and the other side, and the handrail 86 can be moved up and down between them, so that the handrail 86 can be moved back and forth. It is a state that functions as a handrail and is stored low so that it does not interfere with the takeoff and landing of the helicopter.

In the embodiment of FIG. 44, since the handrail 89 provided on the heliport stage 88 may be caught on the helicopter side as it is, the outer surface thereof is smoothed by covering it with a resin cover ring 90 such as polystyrene foam or urethane. This eliminates the possibility of getting caught.
The cover ring 90 has buffering properties and can be guided in a curved shape as shown in the figure, so that, for example, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 35 to 37, the embodiments shown in FIGS. The present invention can be similarly applied to the handrail portion of the form.
On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 35 to 39, the handrail corresponding to the periphery of the heliport may be omitted at all.
As shown in the figure, a protective layer 91 can be provided on the take-off and landing surface portion of the heliport stage 88 in order to improve heat resistance, pressure resistance and impact resistance.

The embodiment of FIG. 45 is for a rainwater drain pipe 95 provided on a rooftop evacuation stage 94 (including other lower floors). If the pipe 95 is in a suspended state, for example, from a parked car In this embodiment, the drain pipe 95 protrudes outward while fuel such as gasoline that may flow may flow down to the lower layer through the drain pipe 95 and there is a danger to the facilities. Therefore, since the fuel flies away from the facility, the risk is lowered.
In addition, as shown by the phantom line, an obliquely rising guard 97 that faces the front of the roof evacuation stage 94 and the handrail 96 on the lower floor (the side where the tsunami strikes) is provided to prevent the tsunami. It is intended to protect the facility side. This guard 97 may be a handrail-like body with a net-like material or porous material stretched (may be double or triple), or a cushioning material as shown in FIG. 44 (the surface may be wavy). It may be made with In particular, providing such a guard 97 for two levels is effective for tsunami countermeasures.

The embodiment of FIGS. 46 and 47 is for a circular tsunami evacuation facility with a heliport stage 101 with a heliport 100 on the rooftop.
The facility is provided with a plurality of support columns 102 arranged at equal intervals on the circumference and each oriented vertically, and the support columns 102 are arranged at the center, at the outer periphery thereof, and at the outermost periphery. These columns 102 are integrated by connecting beams 103 on the second floor, the third floor, and the rooftop floor, respectively. 104 is a second floor evacuation stage, 105 is a third floor evacuation stage, and 106 is a rooftop evacuation stage, and the number of these floors is not particularly limited here. For example, the illustrated second floor evacuation stage 104 may be a rooftop evacuation stage. In that case, the rooftop evacuation stage may be set high around 8 to 12 m.

  The second and third floor evacuation stages 104 and 105 are provided with a wave barrier 107 on the entire circumference for protection, but may be a handrail. A handrail 108 is provided on the outer periphery of the rooftop evacuation stage 106, and a heliport stage 101 is provided in the middle of the roof evacuation stage 106 by using a column 102 extending upward. The ground evacuees (including wheelchair passengers) can climb to the rooftop evacuation stage 106 through the circumferential slope 109 and can also evacuate to the second and third floor evacuation stages 104 and 105.

  Further, in normal times, parking is possible using the base on the first floor, and parking is also possible using the second and third floor evacuation stages 104 and 105. Accordingly, the circumferential slope 109 and the second and third floor evacuation stages 104 and 105 are in communication with each other, and are also in communication with the roof evacuation stage 106 as indicated by a plan view arrow in FIG. The peripheral slope 109 can be clearly distinguished from the range in which the car can climb and the range in which the evacuee can climb, so that safety can be achieved. The heliport stage 101 is also provided with an emergency slope 110 so that ambulances and stretchers can freely climb and descend. The facility can also be equipped with elevator equipment. The circumferential slope 109 may be supported by a support, or may not be provided as shown in FIG. If there is no support, the tsunami can pass through and reduce damage to the facilities. The peripheral slope 109 is provided so as to project around the outer periphery of the facility, but may be provided corresponding to the peripheral portion where the outer peripheral support column 102 is provided. In addition, the heliport 100 may be provided in the plane of the rooftop evacuation stage 106.

The embodiment of FIGS. 48 to 50 shows various examples for storing the helicopter 114 on the heliport 113, and the embodiment of FIG. 48 assumes that the heliport 113 is rectangular when viewed from above and guide rails 115 on both sides thereof. Be prepared. A pair of bellows-type covers 118 that rise from a cylinder 117 around a fulcrum 116 are arranged at the left and right ends of the heliport 113, and a roller 119 provided on the free side thereof is moved along the guide rail 115 as shown in the figure. Thus, the storage system is configured to be close to each other.
Both covers 118 are attached to each other at opposite positions. The illustrated right end and left end of the cover 118 are closed.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 49, a support frame 121 having a gate shape is provided on both the left and right sides of the heliport 113 so as to rise around the fulcrum 122, and the cover 123 provided in a retractable manner is hung around the heliport 113. It is what I did.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 50, a pair of pantograph-type lifting frames 125 are provided in front of and behind the heliport 113 so as to rise along the guide rail 126, and the first and second winding covers 127, 128 are provided. Is routed as indicated by an imaginary line arrow.

  The front view of the Takanobu tower which shows embodiment of this invention.   The rear view of the Takanobu tower.   The bottom view of the Takanobu tower of FIG.   The top view of the Takanobu tower of FIG.   HH sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The right view of the Takanobu tower of FIG.   The left view of the Takanobu tower of FIG.   The front view of the Takanobu tower which shows other embodiment.   The top view of the Takanobu tower of FIG.   The bottom view of the Takanobu tower of FIG.   The right (left) side view of the Takanobu tower of FIG.   FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 8.   BB sectional drawing of FIG.   The perspective view of the Takanobu tower which shows other embodiment.   The top view which shows the guidance system of a gondola.   The front view of FIG.   The cross-sectional view which shows a four-strut type Takanobu tower.   The side surface schematic diagram which shows other embodiment.   The principal part enlarged view of FIG.   The top view which shows other embodiment.   The side view of FIG.   The top view which shows other embodiment.   The side view of FIG.   The top view which shows other embodiment.   The front view of FIG.   The top view of FIG.   The front view which is an A direction arrow directional view of FIG.   The rear view which is a B direction arrow directional view of FIG.   The bottom view of FIG.   The right view equivalent to the C arrow view of FIG.   FIG. 27 is a left side view corresponding to the arrow D in FIG. 26.   The perspective view of the facility for tsunami evacuation which shows other embodiment.   The front view of the steel structure.   The bottom view of a steel structure.   The top view of FIG. 36 which shows other embodiment.   Front view of a tsunami evacuation facility.   The left view of FIG.   The top view of FIG. 39 which shows other embodiment.   The front view of the facility for tsunami evacuation of FIG.   The side sectional view showing other embodiments.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   Plane explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment.   The side sectional view showing other embodiments.   The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   The front view of the facility for tsunami evacuation which shows other embodiment.   The top view of FIG.   Explanatory drawing of the helicopter storage method which shows other embodiment.   Explanatory drawing of the helicopter storage method which shows other embodiment.   Explanatory drawing of the helicopter storage method which shows other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  500 ... Lower inner support column 501 ... Beam 502 ... Lower outer support column 503 ... Ground 508 ... Upper support column 509 ... Upper beam 511 ... Evacuation stage.

Claims (1)

  The upper strut is placed above the lower inner struts, the lower outer struts are placed around the lower inner struts, these struts are connected by beams, and an evacuation stage is built above the upper inner struts. A tsunami evacuation device having a climbing tower for climbing up and down from the ground to the evacuation stage as a whole and a Takanobu tower type.

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