JP3911615B2 - Evacuation device from emergency such as tsunami and flood - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an evacuation device from an emergency such as a tsunami or flood.

  It is well known that a huge earthquake has occurred since ancient times, and a tsunami (an emergency situation) occurred as a matter of course, and this tsunami swept from the coastline and swallowed many people and private houses. ing.

  However, until now, only large-scale dikes and sluice gates have been built to cope with tsunamis, and no effective tsunami countermeasures have been taken.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is erected on an installation base with three or more points separated from each other as base points so as to correspond to the vertexes of the polygon. A plurality of support columns, a horizontal connecting material that connects the adjacent columns so as to form a polygon on the upper floor of the installation base, a receiving frame that connects the upper portions of the support columns, and the receiving frame Evacuation device for emergency situations such as tsunami and flooding, which is equipped with a rooftop evacuation stage with a handrail on the outer periphery and an oblique straight line stairs that guides refugees from the ground to the rooftop evacuation stage from the installation base On the roof evacuation stage, a horizontal boom is provided that includes a sheave at the tip and a hoisting machine and is movable so that the sheave enters and exits between the roof evacuation stage and the outside of the evacuation stage, Above A simple lifter that can be raised and lowered between the installation base and the outside of the handrail of the rooftop evacuation stage is attached to the lower end of the hoisting wire that hangs down from the hoisting machine via the sheave. Some are characterized in that the simple lifter at the ascending position is of an openable / closable type so as to move on and off the roof evacuation stage as the boom moves in and out .

  According to the evacuation device from an emergency such as a tsunami or flood according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an evacuation device from an emergency such as a tsunami or flood that can function as an effective evacuation site that is relatively inexpensive.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to each illustrated embodiment. However, the plan individually described in each embodiment can be applied to other embodiments other than the embodiment including the plan. And
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 40 denotes an installation base, and concrete and asphalt bases artificially built in places facing the coast or vacant areas in urban areas, as well as ground such as parks and open spaces. Sometimes it is sandy beach or seabed ground away from the coast. Needless to say, the installation target is not limited to the above.

  FIG. 1 (a front view seen from the X direction in FIG. 2 which is the direction in which the tsunami strikes) and FIG. 2 show an evacuation tower 41 erected on the installation base 40 by a main fixing means or the like. It consists of a three-stage structure comprising a lower tower main body 44, a middle tower main body 45, and an upper tower main body 46, in which four vertical support posts 42 are connected and integrated by horizontal horizontal connecting members 43 so as to form an adjacent relationship. ing. 47 is a relay flange for connecting the tower main bodies 44, 45, 46 to each other. The reason why these tower main bodies 44, 45, 46 are divided into parts is that the convenience of transportation is taken into consideration. . Here, the two struts 42 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are set in an arrangement relationship that can be confronted and confronted simultaneously in the direction X in which the tsunami strikes.

A horizontally long receiving frame 50 is formed on the upper tower body 46 so as to form a rectangle when viewed from above, and a rooftop evacuation stage 51 is fixed in the frame. The rooftop evacuation stearyl over di 51, hatch has been opened. A handrail 52 is stretched around the receiving frame 50 via a support 42 and the like. A solar panel 53 is provided at the top of the tower. This tower is pulled and fixed by a pulling wire 54.
55 is a brace.

Such an evacuation tower 41 is provided with inner-circular stairs (lifting means) 56... So as to reach the opening. Here, in the regular polygonal space where all the stairs 56 from the installation base 40 to the next 2nd floor → 3rd floor → 4th floor → 5th floor → roof evacuation stage 51 are surrounded by the columns 42. It is configured to fit in.
In addition, as shown by the phantom line, the tower front side in FIG. 2 is a thick pipe shape that spreads the tsunami left and right before it hits the tower 41 so that the tower 41 is not directly exposed to energy. A wave cutting member (preliminary buffering means) 58 is provided upright. You may connect this member 58 and the tower 42 so that it may mutually reinforce with the connection member 59. FIG. The wave cutting member 58 may have a triangular cross section with one vertex directed toward the direction of the tsunami. In addition, a plurality of the members 58 may be disposed apart from each other on the left and right, or may be disposed in a plurality of front and rear rows. The member 58 is made of metal, but may be made of wood or rubber.

Further, as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 2, a simple lifter 60 that moves up and down along the rear surface of the evacuation tower 42 is provided so that the evacuee can be lifted from the installation base 40 to the rooftop evacuation stage 51 by a hoisting machine (not shown). It may be. In this case, a part of the handrail 52 is opened and closed, and an evacuee enters through the opening. Reference numeral 61 denotes a horizontal boom, which is provided on the evacuation stage 51. The boom 61 can be freely moved in and out of the evacuation stage 51 as indicated by an arrow, and is provided at the tip of the boom 61. A lifter 60 is connected to the lower end of the line material 66 through the wound line material 66 from the winding machine. The lifter 60 can be moved between the outside of the evacuation stage 51 and the outside thereof by moving the boom 61 in and out by keeping the handrail 52 open .
As indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 2, a netting member 62 that subdivides a tsunami and attenuates energy by tsunami and a multi-row member that is vertically or horizontally oriented may be appropriately stretched on the front side of the tower 42.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 relates to an evacuation tower with three columns 358. As shown in FIG. 3, the direction of this tower is confronted by the lower horizontal connecting member 363, which is the side connecting two of the three columns 358, 358, in front of the tsunami X coming side. It is set to an arrangement relationship that can be countered.

The support column 358 has a two-stage configuration in which the lower support column a has a large diameter and the upper support column b has a slightly small diameter. The lower support column a is provided with a lower flange 359 at the lower end thereof and an upper flange 360 at the upper end thereof, and is provided with receiving flanges 361 at two intermediate portions of the pipe. The lower flange 359 is anchored to the ground 362 made of concrete, but may be embedded and fixed in the installation base 362 as in the above embodiment. The horizontal connecting members 363 as lower beams are connected and fixed via the receiving flanges 361, and these horizontal connecting members 363 are equilateral triangles as viewed from above, and are arranged so that a triangular blow-through space is formed therein. . Steps (not shown) when an evacuee from the removable stairs 364 changes to the next stairs 364 are provided in one inner corner portion of the equilateral triangle. 365 is an auxiliary handrail, and 366 is a brace.

Similarly, the upper column b is provided with a lower flange 368 that is detachably coupled to the upper flange 360 with a fastener, an upper flange 369 at the upper end, and a receiving flange 370 in the middle. A horizontal connecting member 371 which is the lower stage of the upper beam is connected and fixed via a receiving flange 370 to form an equilateral triangle. The horizontal connecting member 372 serving as a beam at the upper end forms a deformable triangle as shown in FIG. 3 , and a roof evacuation stage 373 is stretched in the plane so as to form a blow-off space to constitute an evacuation site. is there. 374 is a detachable roof rail. Reference numeral 375 denotes a brace. Some of these braces 375 are stretched between the upper column b and the lower column a so as to be connected to each other. Then, a staircase 364 is hung on the inner edge of the triangular opening of the rooftop evacuation stage 373 so that the evacuation site can be climbed. Reference numeral 376 denotes an electric (switchable to manual) winch, which is configured to be able to lift the evacuees together with the staircase 364 or alone by passing the wound wire 381 through the remaining opening portion other than the staircase 364 of the opening. The The winch 376 is provided on a top frame 377 provided on the upper column b. A solar panel 378 may be set on the frame 377.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, unit type room components 460... Are stacked in an internal space of an evacuation tower in which four types of columns 459. The room structure 460 is prevented from coming out to the outside by a cushioning material 461 provided around the column 459. The support columns 459 may be sequentially connected in a multi-stage manner. For the evacuation stage 462, this insertion type is illustrated. This makes transportation and assembly efficient. As shown in FIG. 5, the two struts 459 and 459 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are set in an arrangement relationship that can be confronted and confronted simultaneously in the direction X in which the tsunami strikes.

The room structure 460 can be laminated to evacuate to the upper floor as indicated by the arrow not only in daily life but also when a tsunami arrives. Therefore, a lid that can be opened and closed and a staircase facility (elevating means) 463 facing the lid are provided at the bottom and the top. This staircase equipment 463 is configured to completely fit within a polygonal space formed by the columns 459.
As another configuration, a garage space protected by the buffer material 461 can be formed at the lowermost stage. In this case, the room structure 460 may not be configured. Further, a water holding tank is provided at the lowermost stage so that water can be supplied to the refugee to the evacuation stage 462 as indicated by an arrow, and the stability of the tower can be improved by connecting to the support column 459 or adding a weight. It is free to use the room structure 460 for a residence, a karaoke room, a study room, an office, a warehouse, or the like. The outer surface of the structure 460 may be equipped with a separate buffer means for more complete protection. Water purification rocks may be placed inside or outside the water tank to make it heavier.

In the embodiment of FIG. 7, an evacuation tower 487 with a short back column is installed on the middle of a mountain or hill 486 using the inclined surface. The solid line type is the vertical standing type, and the virtual line type is the rear fall type 488. In the rear fall type 488, the staircase 490 is constructed by utilizing the slant of the support 489 . You may comprise a raising / lowering apparatus by using the support | pillar 489 as a guide rail. A guard may be attached in front of the stairs 490. The stairs 490 are arranged so as to fit in the space in the tower.

  FIGS. 8 to 11 (F is ahead of the arrival of a tsunami) show another embodiment of an evacuation tower for countermeasures against tsunami (including floods). FIG. 8 is a front view of the tower, which is set assuming that a tsunami is coming from the front. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line LL in FIG. 8 and shows the vicinity of the first floor climbing entrance of the tower. The direction in which the tsunami arrives is from the left side of the figure. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line MM in FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line NN in FIG. 8 and shows a plan view of the evacuation stage and lifting means.

  This tower is provided with four columns 1170... Arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other so as to be at the apex of a regular square. Although this support | pillar 1170 becomes long with a square pipe like FIG. 9, other members, such as a round pipe, an angle material, and a channel steel, can also be used. These struts 1170 pass from the ground (not shown in FIG. 8) to the upper end in the figure, and the height from the ground is approximately 16 m, but may be increased depending on the installation location.

  Between these pillars 1170, horizontal connecting members 1171... Are connected so as to correspond to each side of the square, and these horizontal connecting members 1171 are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction and integrated. Two specific struts 1170 and 1170 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction among the plurality of struts 1170 are set in an arrangement relationship that can be confronted and confronted simultaneously with the forward F where the tsunami strikes. The lateral connecting member 1171 and the support column 1170 may be connected and integrated on site. Reference numeral 1172 denotes a concrete base, which stabilizes the standing tower and is provided with a guide slope 1173 on the rear side thereof, so that, for example, elderly people and wheelchairs can easily enter the tower.

An evacuation stage 1174 is formed on an upper portion of the support column 1170 so as to provide a wide rectangular surface so that several tens of people can evacuate. Although not shown in the drawing, the stage 1174 is constructed with vertical and horizontal beams, and the upper and lower surfaces of the stage 1174 are stretched so that the upper surface is set to a height of about 12 m from the ground. A handrail 1175 is erected on the periphery of the stage 1174 to a height of about 1.5 m. A slightly lower handrail may be provided inside the handrail 1175. The handrail 1175 may be as high as 2 m so as not to give fear. The space in the stage 1174 may be various storage spaces.
Further, an integral or separate storage part may be provided around the outer periphery of the stage 1174, and this storage part may be arranged on the entire outer periphery of the stage 1174 or on a part of the outer periphery. A handrail can also be used.

  A staircase 1178 with a handrail 1177 is provided in the internal space formed by the four support columns 1170 so as to follow the inside of the four surfaces formed by the support columns 1170 and the lateral coupling members 1171. These stairs 1178 are connected and integrated as much as possible with the support 1170 and the lateral connecting member 1171 to increase the strength. All of the stairs 1178 are routed to fit completely within the tower interior space. The entrance to the stage 1174 of the staircase 1178 is as shown in FIG.

Around a column 1170 provided with these stairs 1178, a vertical beam (vertical louver) 1180 is provided so as to form four surfaces. The vertical rail 1180 is provided to prevent the evacuee from directly receiving the tsunami and to perform a reinforcing function. In addition, the elevator climbs up the stairs 1178 in a blindfold and feels fear at a high place. There is also a function not to give. The vertical beam 1180 is a square pipe, but may be an angle member, a groove member, a round pipe, or the like. Further, instead of the vertical beam 1180, an oblique beam or a horizontal beam may be used.
The same applies to other embodiments, but when multiple tsunami evacuation towers are installed close to each other, the towers are connected to each other by joints such as wire ropes and pipes, in addition to the independent methods. Can do.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the lower part of the back surface of the vertical rail 1180 is formed in a square cutout shape, and a door 1181 that can be opened and closed is similarly attached to the place as a louver-like one. The door 1181 may be a sliding door type so that it can be quickly opened and closed in an emergency.

  Reference numeral 1183 denotes an elevating guide cylinder. The guide cylinder 1183 is located at the center of the tower and penetrates the stage 1174 from the ground to the upper side. As shown in FIG. The inner connecting member 1185 and the inner vertical rail 1186 that connect the two are formed as a rectangular high cylinder body, and a climbing opening (with an opening / closing door) 1187 is formed at the lower part thereof, An evacuation exit 1188 is formed at the top as shown in FIG. In addition, an electric or manual simple lifter 1189 is installed inside. This type of simple lifter includes a type that flies following the rise of the water surface accompanying the arrival of a tsunami. The elevating guide cylinder 1183 is integrated with the stage 1174 and is connected to the staircase 1178 with a receiving material 1190. Reference numeral 1191 denotes a fall prevention net, which is stretched between the lifting guide cylinder 1183 and the staircase 1178. Reference numeral 1192 denotes a solar panel installed through the upper end of the support 1170. Wind power generators may be installed.

  Reference numeral 1194 denotes a guard pipe (preliminary buffering means), which is embedded in the front of the tower with a buffering means 1195 and is erected at a height of about 3 to 4 m. These guard pipes 1194 extend left and right in front of the tower and are curved slightly downward so as to guide effectively as shown in FIG. Although this pipe 1194 is made of a metal pipe, a buffer means may be attached around it, and the pipes 1194 may be connected to each other by a wire rope or the like. As this buffering means, a cylinder that can be deformed around the pipe 1194 is provided, seawater enters into the cylinder from the bottom or the peripheral surface induction port, and the seawater is crushed according to the external load. It also includes those that act as a buffer when a ship collides. In this case, you may provide the aperture which makes variable the speed which seawater spouts. Other buffering means can be placed in the cylinder.

  12 and 13 show embodiments for other towers. The tower forms a triangular pillar-shaped main body with three (not limited in number) support columns 1220 and connecting members 1221 that connect the support columns 1221 between the columns. An upper and lower evacuation stage 1222 is formed in the upper part, and two stairs 1223 are arranged from the ground to reach the stage 1222. All of the stairs 1223 are passed through so as to fit completely within the space inside the tower. Further, a wind power generator 1224 and a solar panel 1225 are installed on the upper portion of the tower using a column 1220. The evacuation stage 1222 is hexagonal and provides a wide evacuation space as shown in FIG.

  The front view which shows the evacuation tower of the inner staircase system which is one Embodiment of this invention.   The side view of the tower of FIG.   The top view of the 3 support | pillar type which shows other embodiment.   FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3.   The top view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment.   The left view of FIG.   The left sectional view showing other embodiments.   The front view of the tsunami refuge tower which shows other embodiment.   LL sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The MM sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   NN sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The front view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment.   The QQ sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

42 ... post 43 ... horizontal connecting material 51 ... roof evacuation stage 52 ... roof railing
56 ... Lifting means (stairs) 60 ... Simple lifter 61 ... Boom 65 ... Sheave
66 ... Rolled wire rod material .

Claims (1)

  A plurality of pillars erected on the installation base with three or more points separated from each other to correspond to the vertex of the polygon, and a polygon on the upper floor of the installation base between these support pillars A horizontal connecting material that connects to each other so as to form an upper part, a receiving frame that connects the upper portions of the columns, a rooftop evacuation stage that is arranged on the receiving frame and has a handrail on the outer periphery, and an evacuee from the ground In an evacuation device from an emergency such as a tsunami or flood that includes an oblique linear staircase that leads from the base to the rooftop evacuation stage, the sheave is equipped with a tip sheave and a hoist on the rooftop evacuation stage. A horizontal boom that is movable so as to enter and exit between the evacuation stage and the outside of the evacuation stage is provided, and an installation base is provided at the lower end of the hoisting wire that hangs down from the hoisting machine via the sheave. A simple lifter that can be raised and lowered is attached to the roof evacuation stage and the outside of the handrail of the rooftop evacuation stage. Evacuation device from emergency situations such as tsunami and flood, which is openable to move between the outside.

Images