JP3169231U7 - - Google Patents

Description

Tsunami evacuation building

The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation structure that provides a safe evacuation site against a tsunami that strikes upon the occurrence of an earthquake.

The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake (the Great East Japan Earthquake) that occurred on March 11, 2011 is one of the largest earthquakes ever, and a huge tsunami caused by the earthquake hits the coast of the Tohoku region. Attacked and caused extensive damage over a wide area. In particular, because of the enormous size of this tsunami, for example, a three-story building was swallowed all the way to the rooftop, or the evacuation site was in a safe place, resulting in the loss of many lives. It was.

Tsunami countermeasures include sluice gates and breakwater reinforcement. However, due to the recent earthquake, a tsunami with a height of more than 7m flowed into the city, or the breakwater that was supposed to be absolutely safe was easily destroyed. These examples show that these measures are not perfect. Therefore, apart from such measures, it is important to consider how to secure an evacuation site for a huge tsunami.

When a tsunami warning is issued after an earthquake, it is essential to evacuate to a high place away from the coast as soon as possible. Therefore, existing public facilities and high-rise buildings are designated as evacuation sites, and evacuate to them when a tsunami warning is issued. However, when a huge tsunami hits the rooftop of a building like this time, the safety of existing evacuation sites is not perfect. In addition, if the evacuation site is far away and the evacuation is not in time before the tsunami arrives, the evacuation will be delayed and swallowed by the tsunami. Furthermore, in the case of an elderly person or a disabled person, there are circumstances that it takes time to evacuate or it is difficult to evacuate by oneself.

For these reasons, some local governments have begun efforts to review and improve evacuation sites in areas where major earthquakes may occur in the future. For example, in Yaizu City, Shizuoka Prefecture, the location, height of buildings, time required for evacuation, etc. are verified for all tsunami evacuation buildings, and if the conditions are not met, a new evacuation facility will be located away from the coast. (Shizuoka newspaper dated April 5, 2011) is being considered.

Various evacuation facilities for protecting yourself from tsunamis have been proposed. For example, in Patent Documents 1 to 4 described later, a plurality of support columns erected on the ground, an evacuation stage provided on top of these support columns, and a staircase or a slope connecting the ground and the evacuation stage A tsunami evacuation structure provided with elevating means such as is described.

In the tsunami evacuation building of Patent Document 1, a helicopter where a rescue helicopter can take off and landing is provided on the evacuation stage on the top floor, and a storage, lighting equipment, There are speakers for disaster prevention broadcasting.

In the tsunami evacuation building of Patent Literature 2, a hoisting machine for raising and lowering a pallet on which a person or material is placed as an evacuation facility on the evacuation stage on the top floor, or for supplying electric power to the hoisting machine Solar power generators and the like are provided.

In the tsunami evacuation building of Patent Document 3, a structure for a specific purpose such as a police box, a fire station, a rescue station, or the like is provided below a plurality of columns. An example in which an evacuation container having a door is installed on an evacuation stage is also shown.

In the tsunami evacuation building of Patent Document 4, a staircase and a gondola are provided as lifting means connecting the ground and the evacuation stage, and a heliport is provided on the evacuation stage on the top floor. .

JP 2008-14016 A JP 2006-83549 A JP 2006-177138 A JP 2006-112087 A

The tsunami evacuation building proposed in each of the above patent documents consists of a basic structure consisting of a support column, an evacuation stage, and lifting means, and evacuates from the ground to the evacuation stage on the top floor through lifting means (stairs, slopes, etc.). This will ensure a safe place against the tsunami.

However, in these tsunami evacuation buildings, if a huge tsunami that reaches the top floor strikes, there is a risk that the refugees at the top floor evacuation stage will be swept away and swept away. Moreover, even if a heliport is provided on the top floor evacuation stage as in the structures of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 4, there is no guarantee that life will be saved if the helicopter does not arrive before the huge tsunami strikes. .

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a tsunami evacuation structure that can ensure the safety of life even when a tsunami hits the evacuation stage on the top floor.

A tsunami evacuation building according to the present invention is a tsunami comprising a plurality of support columns standing on the ground, an evacuation stage supported by these support columns, and lifting means connecting the ground and the evacuation stage. It is an evacuation structure, and a bar that can be held by multiple people is installed in the evacuation space of the evacuation stage on the top floor.

In this way, even if a tsunami hits the evacuation stage on the top floor, evacuees at the evacuation stage are prevented from being swept away by the tsunami by grabbing the bar, ensuring life safety can do.

In the present invention, it is desirable to attach anchoring means for anchoring the evacuee's body to the bar. According to this, even if the hand is released from the bar due to the tsunami, the tethering means becomes a lifeline and the body is fastened to the bar, so that it can be prevented from being swept away by the tsunami.

The anchoring means includes, for example, a belt or rope and a connecting member that connects both ends of the belt or rope to the bar. According to this, the body can be easily tethered to the bar simply by passing the belt or rope hanging from the bar.

Or you may comprise a tethering means from a floating ring and the connection member which connects this floating ring to a bar. According to this, even if it is swept away by a tsunami, the floating ring becomes a life preserver and can increase the survival possibility.

In the present invention, bars that extend in invasion direction parallel to the direction of the tsunami. According to this, since the tsunami does not attack from the front of the body in the state of being held by the bar, it is possible to suppress the hand from leaving the bar as much as possible.

In the present invention, the bar that provided a plurality of rows in a direction perpendicular to the attack direction of the tsunami. According to this, many bars can be provided in the evacuation space and all the bars extend in a direction parallel to the direction of the tsunami, so even if the number of evacuees in the evacuation space increases, Safety can be ensured.

According to the present invention, a bar that can be held by multiple people is installed in the evacuation space on the evacuation stage on the top floor, so even if a tsunami hits the evacuation stage on the top floor, Life safety can be secured without being swept away.

It is the front view which showed the building for tsunami evacuation which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the building for tsunami evacuation which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the 1st floor of the building for tsunami evacuation. It is a top view of the intermediate floor of the building for tsunami evacuation. It is a top view of the top floor of the building for tsunami evacuation. It is the front view which showed the example of the tethering means. It is the front view which showed the other example of the tethering means.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts or corresponding parts.

As shown in FIG. 1, a tsunami evacuation structure 100 according to the present invention includes a plurality of columns 1 erected on the ground G, an evacuation stage 2 supported on top of these columns 1, and a ground G And a slope 3 as an elevating means connecting the evacuation stage 2 and the evacuation stage 2. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the staircase 5 as an elevating means is also provided.

The support column 1 is made of steel frame material, and is fixed to the ground by, for example, a pile foundation up to a rock. And as shown in FIGS. 3-5, the six support | pillars 1 are arrange | positioned in the position of the vertex of a hexagon. Each support column 1 is connected by a beam 12 installed in the horizontal direction. The steel frame constituting the support column 1 is subjected to a finishing process capable of coping with salt damage (corrosion) caused by sea breeze.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tsunami evacuation building 100 is divided into a first floor to a sixth floor by beams 12. The 1st floor is the space between the lowest beam 12 and the ground G, the 6th floor is the top floor with the evacuation stage 2, and the 2nd to 5th floors are between the 1st floor and the 6th floor as intermediate floors. Provided. The 2nd to 5th floors have a floor and no atrium. The floor height of the evacuation stage 2 is designed to be 12 m from the ground G, for example.

As shown in FIG. 1, the slope 3 is provided in a spiral shape so as to rise from the first floor to the sixth floor with a gentle gradient (for example, 1/10 gradient). Moreover, the slope 3 is counterclockwise from an ergonomic viewpoint. The slope 3 is formed from a grating-like grating material so that water does not stay, and safety fences 4 are provided on both sides.

As shown in FIG. 2, the stairs 5 are provided with a relatively steep slope from the first floor to the sixth floor. This staircase 5 is also formed from a grating-like grating material so that water does not stay, and safety fences 9 (FIGS. 3 to 5) are provided on both sides.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the first floor portion. The first floor portion includes an entrance portion 10 and an approach portion 11 that follows the entrance portion 10. A staircase 5 is provided in front of the approach portion 11. In addition, the entrance 3 is followed by a slope 3. By using the slope 3, a person with no physical strength, a physically handicapped person, etc. can go to the evacuation stage 2 on the top floor without difficulty. On the other hand, a person with physical strength can go to the evacuation stage 2 on the top floor in a short time by using the stairs 5. Thus, since the slope 3 and the stairs 5 are provided side by side, the evacuees can select an evacuation route suitable for them.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of an intermediate floor (2nd to 5th floors). Reference numeral 13 in the drawing indicates a reinforcing beam. As described above, the intermediate floor has no floor, and the inside of the slope 3 has an atrium structure.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the sixth floor, which is the top floor. The top floor is an evacuation stage 2 having a floor 8. The floor 8 is supported by the support column 1 through beams 12 and 13, and a safety fence 6 is provided around the floor 8. This floor 8 is also formed of a grating-like grating material so that water does not stay. In the evacuation stage 2, for example, an evacuation space S that can evacuate 50 or more people is secured. The evacuation space S is provided with a bar (handrail) 20 that is a feature of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the bar 20 is provided in parallel with the floor 8. In this example, one end (right end) of the bar 20 is supported by a pole 23 erected on the floor 8, and the other end (left end) of the bar 20 is connected to the column 1. The bar 20 has a length that can be held by a plurality of people, and is high enough to be positioned near the abdomen of an adult. The bar 20 and the pole 23 are formed from sturdy iron pipes or bars. By installing such a bar 20, even if a tsunami hits the evacuation stage 2 on the top floor, refugees in the evacuation stage 2 can be prevented from being swept away by the tsunami by grabbing the bar 20. be able to.

Moreover, in this embodiment, in order to make life safety more reliable, the bar 20 is provided with tethering means for tethering the evacuee's body. In the example of FIG. 6, a belt (or rope) 21 and a connecting member 22 that connects both ends of the belt 21 to the bar 20 are used as anchoring means. The connecting member 22 is made up of rings provided at both ends of the belt 21. By passing the ring 22 through the bar 20, both ends of the belt 21 are held by the bar 20, and the belt 21 is suspended from the bar 20. The ring 22 may be fixed at a fixed position of the bar 20 or may be freely movable in the length direction (horizontal direction) of the bar 20.

By providing such anchoring means, the evacuees can easily anchor their bodies to the bar 20 simply by passing the belt 21 hanging from the bar 20 from below. In FIG. 6, the refugees 7a and 7b on the other side of the bar 20 have the belt 21 applied to the abdomen, and the refugees 7c and 7d on the front side of the bar 20 have applied the belt 21 to the waist. For this reason, even if the hand is released from the bar 20 due to the tsunami, the belt 21 becomes a lifeline and the body is fastened to the bar 20, so that it is prevented from being swept away by the tsunami.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 5, the bar 20 extends in a direction parallel to the tsunami attack direction A. For this reason, since the refugee 7 is not caught by the tsunami from the front of the body while being held by the bar 20, it is possible to suppress as much as possible that the hand is separated from the bar 20 due to the momentum of the tsunami. _

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the bars 20 are provided in a plurality of rows in a direction orthogonal to the tsunami attack direction A. For this reason, many bars 20 can be provided in the evacuation space S, and all the bars 20 extend in a direction parallel to the tsunami intrusion direction A. Therefore, the number of refugees 7 in the evacuation space S increases. Even everyone can be safe. _

As shown in FIG. 5, the planar shape of the evacuation stage 2 is a hexagon having sides inclined with respect to the tsunami intrusion direction A. For this reason, the tsunami can be released along the inclined side, and the force of the tsunami applied to the evacuation stage 2 is alleviated, so that the evacuation stage 2 can be prevented from being washed away.

FIG. 7 shows another example of the anchoring means. Here, a tethering means is comprised by the floating ring 30 and the connection member which connects this floating ring 30 to the bar 20. The connecting member includes a rope 31 connected to the float 30 and a connector 32 that connects the rope 31 to the bar 20. The connector 32 may be fixed at a fixed position of the bar 20 or may be freely movable in the length direction (horizontal direction) of the bar 20.

Thus, when the floating ring 30 is provided as the anchoring means, the evacuee can easily anchor the body to the bar 20 by mounting the floating ring 30 on the trunk. Even when the rope 31 is cut by the force of the tsunami and the body leaves the bar 20 and is swept away by the tsunami, the floating ring 30 serves as a life preserver, so the possibility of survival can be increased.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various other embodiments can be adopted. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the top floor is 6 floors, but the top floor may be 7 floors or more or less than 6 floors. Moreover, 12m shown as the floor height of the evacuation stage 2 is merely an example, and can be set to an arbitrary height according to the situation.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the middle floor (2-5th floor) has a hollow structure without a floor, you may provide a floor in all or one part of a middle floor if needed.

In the above-described embodiment, the belt 21 and the floating ring 30 are directly attached to the bar 20. For example, a pole 23 (FIG. 6, FIG. 7) that supports the bar 20 is provided along the bar 20. Multiple belts may be provided at intervals, and the belt 21 and the floating ring 30 may be attached to each pole 23.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the belt 21 connected to the bar 20 and the floating ring 30 were mentioned as an anchoring means, instead of this, a life jacket (life jacket) was connected to the bar 20 with a rope, It is good also as a tethering means.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the planar shape of the evacuation stage 2 was a hexagon, it is not restricted to this, It can be set as arbitrary planar shapes, such as a triangle, a square, a rhombus, a trapezoid, a circle, and an ellipse.

1 Strut 2 Evacuation Stage 3 Slope 5 Staircase
6 safety fences
8 floors 20 bars 21 belt (rope)
22 Ring 23 Pole 30 Float 31 Rope 32 Connector 100 Tsunami Evacuation Building G Ground S Evacuation Space

Claims (4)

A plurality of pillars erected on the ground ; an evacuation stage having a floor supported by these pillars; a safety fence provided around the floor; and an elevating means connecting the ground and the evacuation stage Tsunami evacuation building with
The elevating means comprises a spiral slope leading to the top floor evacuation stage with a gentle slope, and a staircase leading to the top floor evacuation stage with a steep slope,
The slope and the stairs are formed from a grating-like grating material so that water does not stay.
The end on the top floor of the slope and the end on the top floor of the staircase are located on opposite sides of the evacuation stage,
The evacuation space formed inside the safety fence on the top floor of the evacuation stage, said safety fence Separately, several established bar that can be multiple people caught,
Each bar is provided parallel to the floor and has a height that is located near the abdomen of an adult,
The bars are provided in a plurality of rows in the direction perpendicular to the tsunami intrusion direction on both the left and right sides when the end of the staircase is viewed from the end of the slope, and all the bars are in the tsunami intrusion direction. Extending in a direction parallel to
In each row of the plurality of rows, the bars are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the tsunami attack direction,
A tsunami evacuation structure characterized in that the planar shape of the evacuation stage is a shape having sides inclined with respect to the tsunami attack direction . In the tsunami evacuation structure according to claim 1,
A tsunami evacuation building characterized in that a tethering means for tethering the body of the evacuees is attached to the bar. In the tsunami evacuation structure according to claim 2,
The tethering evacuation structure is characterized in that the anchoring means includes a belt or a rope and a connecting member for connecting both ends of the belt or the rope to the bar. In the tsunami evacuation structure according to claim 2,
The building for tsunami evacuation characterized in that the anchoring means comprises a float and a connecting member for connecting the float to the bar.