JP6091068B2 - Tsunami evacuation facility - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation facility that can evacuate urgently when a tsunami occurs.

  Conventionally, as a tsunami evacuation facility installed on the coast or the like for tsunami countermeasures, for example, a reinforced concrete foundation placed on a base, a plurality of pillars erected on the foundation, and an upper part of the pillar A tsunami evacuation tower including a fixed evacuation stage and climbing means for communicating between the base and the evacuation stage is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  Also, a tsunami evacuation tsunami evacuation facility comprising a plurality of struts driven into the ground and a refuge provided on the ground portion of the strut, the evacuation stand floating above the sea surface There has been proposed a float that can be lifted and that can be lifted along the column by the buoyancy of the float (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2001-214389 A JP 2006-112089 A

  However, in the former tsunami evacuation facility (tsunami evacuation tower), it is necessary for refugees to climb the climbing means (stairs) on foot, so the evacuation behavior of care recipients, sick people, infants, elderly people, etc. is very difficult There is a problem that. In addition, there is a risk that drifting objects from the tsunami will be caught on the pillars of the evacuation tower, causing the evacuation tower itself to fall over. Moreover, since a steel frame or the like is an exposed structure, there is a problem that the landscape is damaged when it is installed on a coast or the like.

  The latter tsunami evacuation facility has a structure in which the evacuation platform rises along a plurality of columns, and the tsunami acts directly on the evacuation platform, so the action of force on the evacuation platform by the tsunami is uniform. Therefore, forces of different sizes and directions are applied to the respective fitting portions between the refuge and each support column, and thus the evacuation table may not be smoothly raised along the plurality of support columns. In addition, since the refuge is exposed, the drifting object is caught on the refuge, which may cause the refuge not to rise smoothly along the plurality of columns. In addition, there is a risk that the wreckage from the tsunami will be caught on the pillar and the pillar will collapse. In addition, since a plurality of columns and refuges are exposed structures, there is a problem that the landscape is damaged when installed on a coast or the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a tsunami evacuation facility that can be evacuated easily and quickly, operates reliably, and can take into account the landscape. With the goal.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the tsunami evacuation facility of the present invention is provided with a cylindrical protective wall extending in the vertical direction and having an entrance on at least an upper side on a land where a tsunami may come. In the protective wall, a floating body that moves up and down along the protective wall due to the buoyancy of seawater or river water is normally provided so that a space is formed between the lower surface of the floating body and the lower end of the protective wall, and the floating body A gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the protective wall and the inner peripheral surface of the protective wall, the floating body is provided with a riding section on which a person rides,
At least the lower end portion of the protective wall is located in the ground and the inside of the lower end portion is hollow,
With seawater or river water enters from the inlet to the protective wall, the inlet of the protective wall is characterized in that the position of the entrance of the lower end is located on the ground or al upper side.

  In the present invention, when there is a risk of a tsunami, the evacuees get on the floating boarding portion in the protective wall from the entrance of the protective wall. Then, when the tsunami strikes, the floating body gradually rises in the protective wall as the seawater or river water increases due to the buoyancy of the seawater or river water.

In the present invention, since the refugee only has to get on the floating boarding portion in the protective wall from the entrance of the protective wall, it is not necessary to climb high stairs, so it is easy for people who are late to escape, elderly people, etc. Evacuate quickly.
In addition, since the floating body moves up and down in the protective wall, the tsunami does not directly act on the floating body, so that the floating body can smoothly rise in the protective wall due to the buoyancy of seawater or river water, and thus operates reliably.

In addition, since the floating body moves up and down within the protective wall, the floating objects from the tsunami do not collide with or be caught by the floating body, so the floating body is not damaged or the operation is not impaired, so it is safe and reliable. Operate.
Moreover, since the floating body is provided in the protective wall, the protective wall becomes an appearance when installed on the coast or the like, so that the landscape can be taken into consideration.

In addition, since at least the lower end portion of the protective wall is located in the ground , the floating boarding part can be provided at a position not higher than the ground, and the time and labor for the evacuees to get on the boarding part can be reduced. Can do.

In the above-described configuration of the present invention, it is preferable that the entrance of the protective wall is provided substantially on the rear side in the traveling direction of the tsunami on the protective wall.
Thereby, an evacuee can get on the floating boarding part from the entrance of a protective wall, avoiding the drifting object by a tsunami.

Further, with seawater or river water enters from the inlet before Symbol protective wall, the inlet of the protective wall, the position of the entrance of the lower end is positioned slightly upward from the ground, the entrance of the lower end of the protective wall Seawater or river water does not enter the protective wall until seawater or river water reaches the position, so that the floating body does not rise due to the buoyancy of seawater or river water. For this reason, since the passenger can get on the floating floating boarding part until the seawater or river water reaches the lower end of the entrance of the protective wall, the passenger can get on the boarding part safely and securely. Can do.

Moreover, the said structure of this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the upper surface of the said floating body is a boarding part where a person rides.
Thereby, the height of a protective wall can be made low. Moreover, since it becomes possible to install a heliport in the boarding part, the evacuees can be rescued with a helicopter.

  In the above configuration of the present invention, it is preferable that an emergency material storage chamber is provided inside the floating body. Thereby, food etc. can be secured while in the evacuation facility.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to evacuate easily and rapidly, it can operate | move reliably and can be set as the evacuation facility which considered the scenery further.

It is a figure which shows the tsunami evacuation facility which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is sectional drawing at the time of boarding. It is the side view seen from the entrance side which removes the soil of the right half and shows. It is a sectional view at the time of the tsunami attack.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tsunami evacuation facility according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided on a coast (land) where a tsunami may come, and a cylindrical protective wall 1 extending in the vertical direction, A floating body 2 that is provided in the protective wall 1 and moves up and down along the protective wall 1 by the buoyancy of seawater, and a riding section 3 on which the person provided on the floating body 2 rides.

  The cylindrical protective wall 1 is constructed using a concrete segment that is a concrete member. That is, the protective wall 1 has a configuration in which a plurality of assemblies (annular division in this example) arc-plate-like concrete segments divided in the circumferential direction are arranged in the axial direction. It has become. The lower end portion of this protective wall 1 (the lower 1/3 portion in this example) is located in the ground. Moreover, the lower end part of the protective wall 1 is embed | buried under the upper end part of the foundation 4 made from a reinforced concrete.

  A part of the protective wall 1 is opened in the protective wall 1, and a square arc-shaped inlet 5 is provided. The inlet 5 is provided on the substantially rear side of the protective wall 1 in the traveling direction of the tsunami. That is, the inlet 5 is installed on the opposite side to the sea. The entrance 5 is located slightly above the ground GL, and the lower end of the entrance 5 is, for example, about 0.5 to 1 m higher than the ground GL. On the ground GL outside the entrance 5, a staircase 6 is provided, and this staircase 6 extends to the center of the lower end of the entrance 12. The uppermost surface of the staircase 6 is located at a position slightly higher than the lower end of the entrance 5, and is located, for example, about 1 to 2 m from the ground GL. Fences 7 are installed on both sides of the stairs 6. When a tsunami strikes, seawater enters the protective wall 1 from the entrance 5.

  The floating body 2 is formed in a hollow columnar shape, and the upper surface thereof serves as a riding section 3, and an annular fence 9 is installed around the riding section 3. In addition, the fence 9 is not installed in the part facing the entrance 5. The upper surface of the floating body 2 is usually located at the same position as the uppermost surface of the staircase 6. A gap of about 10 to 20 cm is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the floating body 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the protective wall 1. When a tsunami strikes, seawater that has entered the protective wall 1 from the entrance 5 accumulates between the lower surface of the floating body 2 and the upper surface of the foundation 4 through this gap. As shown in FIG. 1, the floating body 2 is installed in the protective wall 1 so that a small space is formed between the lower surface of the floating body 2 and the upper surface of the foundation 4 at a normal time. For example, when the protective wall 1 including the space below the floating body 2 is filled with seawater up to the lower end of the inlet 5 of the protective wall 1 and the floating body 2 floats due to the buoyancy of the seawater, the bottom surface of the floating body 2 in this space The distance between the upper surface of the foundation 4 and the upper surface of the foundation 4 is set to be substantially the same as the vertical distance between the upper surface of the floating body 2 and the lower end of the inlet 5. In other words, the vertical dimension of the space below the floating body 2 is set at the lower end of the inlet 5 to the inundation line of the floating body 2.

  The interior of the floating body 2 is divided into two vertically, and the lower internal space is filled with a float member (floating) 23 in order to increase buoyancy due to seawater. As the float member 23, for example, a foam member such as low density foam polystyrene is used. The internal space above the floating body 2 is an emergency material storage room 25 in which food, life preserver and other materials as emergency materials are stored. From the boarding part 3 to the emergency material storage room 25, it is possible to go to and from the staircase and other communication passages.

In this tsunami evacuation facility, when there is a possibility of the tsunami coming, as shown in FIG. 1, the refugee boarded the boarding portion (upper surface) of the floating body 2 in the protective wall 1 from the entrance 5 using the stairs 6. To do.
Thereafter, when a tsunami strikes, seawater enters the protective wall 1 from the entrance 5 of the protective wall 1, passes through the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the floating body 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the protective wall 1, and the bottom surface and the foundation of the floating body 2. 4 and enters the space above this floating body 2. As shown in FIG. 1, when seawater is substantially filled up to the lower end of the entrance 5 of the protective wall 1 in the protective wall 1 including the space below the floating body 2, the floating body 2 floats due to the buoyancy of the seawater. Thereafter, as the seawater increases, the floating body 2 rises while being guided by the protective wall 1 in the protective wall 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the floating body 2 does not come out of the protective wall 1 even when the sea level WL is maximum. The height of the protective wall 1 is set. The maximum estimated tsunami height varies depending on the installation area, but is set to about 14 to 15 m, for example.

In the tsunami evacuation facility constructed in this way, the refugee only has to climb the boarding part (upper surface) 3 of the floating body 2 in the protective wall 1 from the entrance 5 of the protective wall 1, so it is necessary to climb a high stairs. Therefore, elderly people can evacuate easily and quickly.
In addition, since the floating body 2 moves up in the protective wall 1, tsunami does not act directly on the floating body 2, so that the floating body 2 can smoothly rise in the protective wall 2 due to the buoyancy of seawater, and thus operates reliably. Evacuate safely and reliably.

In addition, since the floating body 2 moves up and down the protective wall 1, the floating object due to the tsunami does not collide with or be caught by the floating body 2, so that the floating body 2 is not damaged or the operation is not impaired. It operates reliably and can evacuate safely and reliably.
Moreover, since the floating body 2 is provided in the protective wall 1, since the protective wall 1 becomes an external appearance when it is installed on the coast, it can be considered in view of the landscape. Furthermore, the scenery can be enhanced by drawing a picture on the outer surface of the protective wall 1.

Furthermore, since the lower end portion of the protective wall 1 is located in the ground, the riding part (upper surface) 3 of the floating body 2 can be provided at a position not higher than the ground GL, and the time for the evacuees to get on the riding part 3 and Labor can be reduced.
In addition, since the entrance 5 of the protective wall 1 is provided on the substantially rear side (opposite to the sea) of the protective wall 1 in the direction of the tsunami, the evacuees can avoid the drifting objects caused by the tsunami. 5 can ride on the floating boarding section.

  In addition, seawater enters the protective wall 1 from the entrance 5 and the position of the lower end of the entrance 5 of the protective wall 1 is slightly above the ground. Since the seawater does not enter the protective wall 1 until it reaches, the floating body 2 does not rise due to the buoyancy of the seawater. For this reason, since the passenger can get on the riding part 3 of the floating body 2 that is stationary until the seawater reaches the position of the lower end of the entrance 5 of the protective wall 1, the passenger can safely and surely enter the riding part. I can ride.

Moreover, since the upper surface of the floating body 2 is the riding section 3 on which a person rides, the height of the protective wall 1 can be reduced. Moreover, since it becomes possible to install a heliport in the boarding part 3, an evacuee can be rescued with a helicopter.
Moreover, since the emergency material storage room 25 is provided in the inside of the floating body 2, food etc. can be ensured while in the evacuation facility.

  In the embodiment described above, seawater enters the protective wall 1 from the inlet 5 of the protective wall 1, but instead of or in addition to this, seawater enters other parts of the protective wall 1. One or more openings may be provided. Furthermore, a passage or a moat is formed in the ground around the protective wall 1 so that seawater can enter the protective wall 1 from the outside of the protective wall 1 through the opening in the ground of the protective wall or the passage of the foundation 4. Good.

Moreover, in the form of the above-mentioned embodiment, although the lower end part of the protective wall 1 was located in the ground, you may make it install the protective wall 1 on the ground.
Moreover, in the form of the above-mentioned embodiment, although the protective wall 1 was provided on the foundation 4, you may make it form the protective wall 1 in a bottomed cylinder shape. Furthermore, it may be configured by only the cylindrical protective wall 1.

Further, in the embodiment described above, the protective wall 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape and the floating body 2 is formed in a columnar shape. However, if the floating body 2 can smoothly rise in the protective wall 1, the shape may be different. Good.
Further, in the embodiment described above, the floating body 2 rises while being guided by the inner peripheral surface of the protective wall 1, but the guide member is attached to the protective wall 1 and / or the floating body so that the floating body 2 rises more smoothly. 2 may be provided separately.

Further, in the embodiment described above, the upper surface of the floating body 2 is formed in the riding section 3, but the riding section may be provided in other parts such as the inside of the floating body 2, and may be provided in a plurality of places. Good.
Moreover, in the form of the above-mentioned embodiment, although the entrance 5 was provided in the rear side (opposite side of the sea) of the traveling direction of the tsunami of the protective wall 1, it replaced with or in addition to this in another place. It may be provided.

  Further, in the embodiment described above, the entrance 5 is formed by opening a part of the protective wall 1 in a square shape, but the upper side of the entrance 5 may be opened to the upper end of the protective wall 1. Good. If it does so, even when the floating body 5 is moving up, the evacuees may be able to swim from the entrance 5 and board the riding section 3.

  In the above embodiment, the protective wall 1 is installed on the coast, and the floating body is moved up along the protective wall 1 by the buoyancy of seawater. However, the tsunami protects the riverbed where the river rises. A wall may be installed, and the floating body may be moved up along the protective wall 1 by the buoyancy of the river. Furthermore, you may make it install the protective wall 1 in the land which floods etc. invade.

  The present invention can be applied to evacuation facilities for typhoons, storm surges and floods in addition to tsunamis.

1 Protective wall 2 Floating body 3 Boarding part 5 Entrance 25 Emergency material storage room

Claims (7)

On the land where the tsunami may come, a cylindrical protective wall that has an entrance and extends in the vertical direction with at least the upper side opened is provided.
In this protective wall, a floating body that moves upward along the protective wall by the buoyancy of seawater or river water is provided so that a space is created between the lower surface of the protective wall and the lower end of the protective wall,
A gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the floating body and the inner peripheral surface of the protective wall,
A boarding part on which a person rides is provided on the floating body,
At least the lower end portion of the protective wall is located in the ground and the inside of the lower end portion is hollow,
Wherein with seawater or river water enters from the inlet to the protective wall, the inlet of the protective barrier, tsunami shelter, characterized in that the position of the entrance of the lower end is located on the ground or al upper side.   The floating body includes a lower surface of the floating body and a lower end of the protective wall when seawater is filled up to a lower end of the inlet in the protective wall including a space below the floating body and the floating body floats due to buoyancy of seawater. The tsunami evacuation facility according to claim 1, wherein the tsunami evacuation facility is installed in the protective wall so that a distance between the upper surface of the floating body and a lower end of the entrance is substantially the same as a distance in a vertical direction. . The tsunami evacuation facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the entrance of the protective wall is provided on a substantially rear side of the protective wall in the traveling direction of the tsunami . The tsunami evacuation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an upper surface of the floating body is a boarding portion on which a person rides.   The tsunami evacuation tower according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an emergency material storage room is provided inside the floating body. The tsunami evacuation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an upper side of the entrance is open to an upper end of the protective wall. 7. The height of the protective wall is set so that the upper end of the protective wall is located above the surface of seawater or river water caused by a tsunami. Tsunami evacuation facility .

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