JP5938689B2 - Protective equipment for buildings such as houses - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective device for a building such as a house that can secure the safety of the building such as a house against an emergency such as a tsunami or a flood.

  For example, a general wooden or steel structure house does not have a full-fledged protective device, so it was first struck by a major earthquake and then collapsed, then it was attacked by a debris flow caused by a large tsunami, and then it was suspended and destroyed. The survivors are usually forced to live in temporary housing afterwards.

  JP-A-10-184040

  After spending life in a temporary housing, there is a possibility that it will be destroyed again if a major earthquake or tsunami strikes. For example, there is a problem that it is not possible to construct a house near the port, such as a coastal edge or a devastated flat land as desired by fishermen.

  The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and it is not limited to installation on a high ground where there is no fear of a tsunami or flood, regardless of whether a temporary type or a formal type is constructed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a protective device for a building such as a house that can be constructed by freely selecting and preventing damage to existing houses even when an earthquake or tsunami strikes.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the base is fixed in the installation base and the upper end is on the side where a tsunami attack of a building such as a tsunami evacuation facility is expected. In a state where it is a free end, a protective column is erected in parallel and perpendicular to the front of the building, and a building such as a house where the protective column and the building are connected by a connecting member. In the protective device, the connecting member is in a link shape, and is a single horizontal axis between the front and rear of the first bracket fixed to the protective column side and the second bracket fixed to the building side. It is connected by a stopper, and the first bracket is configured to be fitted to the outer periphery of the protective column so as to be movable up and down and to be fixed to the protective column by a lock bolt under a height different from that of the second bracket. Features.

As described above, the present invention is arranged on the front side of the building in a state where the base is fixed in the installation base and the upper end is a free end on the side where a tsunami attack of a building such as a tsunami evacuation facility is assumed. In a protective device for a building such as a house in which a protective pillar is erected in a parallel and vertical shape and the protective pillar and the building are connected by a connecting member, the connecting member has a link-like shape. The first bracket that is fixed to the protection column side and the second bracket that is fixed to the building side are connected to each other by a single shaft fixed by a horizontal axis , respectively. Since it is configured to be fitted to the outer periphery of the column so that it can move up and down, and is fixed to the protective column with a lock bolt under a height different from that of the second bracket, Build any house In any case, the site can be freely selected and constructed without being limited to hills and floods, and even existing houses will not be damaged in the event of an earthquake or tsunami. It is possible to provide a protective device for a building such as a house.

The top view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. AA sectional view taken on the line AA of FIG. BB sectional drawing of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment. The left view of FIG. The left view which shows other embodiment. The CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The left view which shows other embodiment. The left view which shows other embodiment. The left view which shows one Embodiment of a tsunami evacuation facility. The DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The left view of the tsunami refuge facility which shows other embodiment. The left view of the tsunami refuge facility which shows other embodiment. The left view of the tsunami refuge facility which shows other embodiment. The left view of the tsunami refuge facility which shows other embodiment. The left view of the tsunami refuge facility which shows other embodiment. The plane schematic of the tsunami evacuation facility which shows other embodiment. The plane schematic of the tsunami evacuation facility which shows other embodiment. The left view of the facility of FIG. The left view of the tsunami refuge facility which shows other embodiment. The left view of the facility of FIG. The top view which shows the stilt type housing complex which is other embodiment. EE sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FF sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The top view which shows the floor structure of FIG. GG sectional drawing of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. The front view which shows the mode after the construction of FIG. The front view which shows other embodiment in the mode before and behind construction. The front view which shows other embodiment in the mode before and behind construction. The plane schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The HH sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The side view which shows other embodiment. The enlarged view which shows the principal part of FIG. FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Each plan described in each embodiment can be applied to other embodiments.
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes an installation base, and the base 1 is intended for a coastal edge or a general flat land where a tsunami may actually hit or not in the future, rather than a hill where there is no risk of a tsunami hit. However, since there is a risk of an attack such as a tsunami or landslide even at the height, there is no point in excluding the height as an installation target. Further, the installation base 1 does not have to be land, and may be made of concrete or metal plate. The buildings, which are the houses shown in the figures, may be existing or new, and may be wooden or steel. Includes reinforced concrete.

  In the house, 2 is a concrete foundation, and the foundation 2 has a planar rectangular shape such as a square or a long quadrilateral, and is embedded and fixed to the installation base 1, and a base 3 is fixed on the base 2. . From the corners of the base 3 and other places, columns 4 are erected, and the first and second floors are constructed by a combination of beams, girders, attic frames and the like. And the entrance door 5 and the necessary windows 6 are provided.

An arrow X represents a pushing wave that rushes from the coast, and an arrow Y represents a pulling wave. The X side is the front side for the house, and the Y side is the rear side.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a first protective column (protective member). The first protective column 7 is vertically installed in pairs on the front and rear sides of the house, and each column 7 corresponds to the front of the front and rear corners of the house. Thus, the main concrete block 8 embedded in the installation base 1 is penetrated and fixed. Each pillar 7 is a square metal pipe, but a round pipe or an angle material can be used.

A detachable horizontal upper connecting member 9 is projected on the upper part of the first protective column 7, and a fixture 10 attached to the tip of the connecting member 9 is applied to the left and right corners of the front and rear surfaces of the second floor of the house. Are attached to each of the internal pillars 4.
Reference numeral 12 denotes a second protective column. The protective column 12 is erected from the main concrete block 8 on the housing side of the first protective column 7 and is formed as a column lower than the first protective column 7. The second protective column 12 is disposed opposite to the left and right corners of the front and rear surfaces of the house, and a lower connecting member 13 projecting from two upper and lower points is connected to the house via a mounting tool 14 at the tip. It has come to be.

  Reference numeral 15 denotes a brace, which is connected and arranged so as to form an X shape between the first and second protective columns 7 and 12. Reference numeral 16 denotes a front concrete block, and reference numeral 17 denotes a front protective column. A set of these is fixedly installed so as to form a triangular arrangement at the front and rear of the house as shown in FIG. The pre-concrete block 16 may be a single common block as shown in phantom lines in FIG. In addition, a protective tension member 19 such as a net or a plurality of upper and lower wires is provided so as to form a square shape using the front protective pillar 17 and the left and right anchor pillars 18 so that the debris is caught here. Also good.

When earthquake vibrations act on the house, the first and second protective pillars 7 and 12 counteract via the connecting members 9 and 13, and as a result, the house is effectively prevented from collapsing.
When a tsunami strikes from the X direction, first the front protective pillars 17 are opposed to stop dredgings such as rubble, ships, houses, cars, etc., and only the tsunami flows. At that time, if the protective upholstery material 19 is made to oppose, even a small piece of rubble is received here, and it does not flow further toward the house. Furthermore, since the tsunami flow that flows is received by the first and second protective pillars 7 and 12, there is no possibility that the torrent material hits and destroys the first and second floors of the house. The same can be said when the pulling wave Y acts.

  4 and 5 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, the first and second protective pillars 21 and 22 are arranged before and after the house and are erected and fixed by the main concrete block 23, and the lower connecting member 24 protruding from the second protective pillar 22 is attached to the fixture. The first and second protective pillars 21 and 22 are connected to each other by a brace 26. Further, the left and right sides of the first protective column 21 are connected by a cross beam 27 so as to be a gate as shown in FIG. 4, and an upper connecting member 28 is projected from the first protective column 21 via a fixture 29. It is connected to the support 4 on the second floor.

Then, the evacuation part 30 is stretched on the surface of the U-shaped frame formed by the cross beam 27 and the upper connecting member 28 so that when a tsunami or flood strikes, the evacuation part 30 can be evacuated from the second floor indoors onto the evacuation part 30. It is. This evacuation part 30 is provided before and after the house, but either one may be provided.
Separately from this plan, a pair of left and right front protection columns 33 are arranged in front of the first protection column 21 via a front concrete block 32, and the upper ends of the front protection column 33 and the first protection column 21 behind it. A parking garage for the car 35 is formed by connecting the spaces with a girder 34. At the same time, a simple lifter 37 with a winch 36 that can be remotely operated is constructed so that the car 35 is not floated by a tsunami or flood, and can be lifted. A protective tension member 38 from a tsunami flow may be provided between the columns of the lifter 37.

In this embodiment, the first and second protective pillars 21 and 22 and the connecting members 24 and 28 protect the house from an earthquake and protect it from the tsunami. In particular, the evacuation part 30 escapes during a tsunami or flood. Provide a place to evacuate. In addition, the presence of a garage can catch a torrent in the event of a tsunami and prevent rubble from flowing into the house, and lift the car 35 to evacuate to a safe high place. Can do. The garage will further ensure the prevention of housing collapse due to earthquakes.
As shown in the lower right column of FIG. 4, the second protective column 22 is arranged close to the front of the column 4 and the columns 22 and 4 are integrally connected by the angle type mounting tool 29 and the fastening device. Thus, the house may be protected more effectively. In this case, the second protective column 22 may be embedded in the foundation of the house or with the lower end on the foundation. In addition, a long square pipe can be used for the second protective column 22, and further, as shown in the right column, the second protective column 22 is arranged on the front side of the column 4 and the first protective column is placed in front of the second protective column 22. It is also possible to arrange 21 in a state where it is buried in the lower part, and to integrate these three parts 22, 22, and 21 by connecting plates 31 to further strengthen.
Moreover, as shown in the lower column of FIG. 5, the pile b may be driven through the foundation a to stabilize the house. In that case, the pile b may be either vertical or diagonally driven as shown in the right column diagram. In the case of the diagonal driving type, in addition to the diagonal driving type in the cross section of the foundation a, there are cases where the diagonal driving type is used in the longitudinal plane of the foundation a as shown by a broken line in the upper figure.

6 and 7 show another embodiment. The embodiment relates to a public building such as a detached house or a public hall in which the first floor part is made of reinforced concrete (SRC: including steel-framed reinforced concrete structure) and the second floor part is an assembly structure such as wooden structure or steel structure. is there. The first floor portion is formed by embedding and fixing a bottom plate 41 supported by a foundation pile 40 that has been laid, and a rectangular peripheral wall 42 as shown in FIG. The concrete structure of the mold.
The interior space 44 of the concrete structure may be constructed with a unitary or separate partition wall 45 as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 7. In this case, an internal staircase (not shown) with the top wall 43 partially opened. By making it possible to climb up and down, daily life or evacuation life may be made possible. You may keep such daily necessities (including emergency supplies) and home appliances.

  On the left side of the first floor part (or the right side or back side) with the pushing wave X in front, a concrete integrated linear staircase 46 is provided, and an entrance door 48 protected from the tsunami flow by a protective wall 47 is provided. It can be opened and closed to enter and exit the second floor. A pair of front and rear stairs 46 may be provided as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. When a pair of front and rear is provided, the opponent's stairs protect the tsunami flow and rubble, and ascend and descend safely. The staircase 46 may be made of metal and attached separately. Alternatively, a spiral staircase may be used. When the first floor portion is made of the SPC, the inner steel frame can be used as a support for the second floor portion. An entrance door 48 may be provided at the middle height of the peripheral wall 42 in the middle of the stairs 46 to allow entry and exit.

  The second floor portion is a structure having an outer wall 52 made up of a column 50, a base 51, beams and girders (not shown), an attic frame, and the like. Reference numeral 53 denotes a window portion, which is arranged as high as possible on the second floor portion, and is provided with a triangular flow guide 54 so as to flow the outer region away from the tsunami flow as shown in a cross-sectional view in the upper right of FIG. A horizontal bar 55 is stretched so that it will not be damaged by hitting.

A roof portion 56 such as a square is provided with a daylighting portion 57 that is waterproof and can be opened and closed at an appropriate position. A roof solar may be configured. By opening this daylighting part 58 through the escape staircase 57 provided in the second floor room, it is possible to evacuate to the roof in case of an emergency such as flood or tsunami. The shape of the roof is not limited and may be a flat shape.
59 is a telescopic and height-adjustable protective pillar, which is installed from the bottom plate 41 and is installed at a plurality of locations in a pair of left and right and slightly in front of it to correspond to the front of the second floor part of the building. The pillar 59 may stand alone, but if it is connected to the building via the connecting member 60 as shown, it effectively counters when a tsunami strikes. If a tension member P such as a wire or mesh is provided on the protective column 59, debris and the like can be stopped there.

As shown in the upper left column of FIG. 6, the connecting member 60 includes a slide-type receiving cylinder 60 a that can be fixed at an appropriate height by a fastening tool a, and an expansion and contraction that protrudes from the receiving cylinder 60 a and extends from a fixture 63. The bar 63a may be composed of a slide receiving cylinder 60b that can be expanded and contracted and fixed as appropriate. According to this, matching of the fixture 63 to the support | pillar 50 of various aspects is attained by adjustment. If the guard column 59 and the receiving cylinder 60a are made cylindrical, swinging around the vertical axis is possible, and matching becomes more diverse. This protective column 59 can be similarly provided on the rear side of the building. The guard post 59 may be a single piece. In this embodiment, an example in which a T-shaped protective means is vertically installed and fixed by a single protective column 61 and a connecting member 62 is illustrated on the rear side. This system of the protection pillar 61 and the connecting member 62 means that it can be installed on the front side of the building.
As the protection means for each corner of the first floor portion, as shown in FIG. 7, an angle-shaped buffer member 64 or a buffer member 65 in which the bottom plate and the semi-cylindrical portion are integrated may be configured. These can be made of an elastic material or a metallic material. As shown on the right side of the figure, a circular or prismatic buffer member 66 or a partially arc-shaped buffer member 67 may be used. Each of the buffer members 64 to 67 means that any one of them can be selected and applied to all locations.

Alternatively, the second floor portion 69 of a kamaboko shape (partial circle) as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 8 may be used so that the tsunami exceeds the top, or only the roof portion 70 may be a kamaboko shape.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the first and second floor portions of the three-floor structure are reinforced concrete structure portions 72 and the third floor portion 73 is wooden or steel structure, and the reinforced concrete structure portion 72 is more than the estimated height H of the tsunami strike. Can be set high so that the tsunami can be received by the concrete structure portion 72 and the third floor portion 73 can be prevented from reaching the tsunami. 74 is a staircase, 75 is a protective wall, 76 is an entrance door, 77 is an internal staircase, 78 is a pumping pump, and 79 is front and rear protective columns.
It should be noted that an integral rising portion 80 may be provided around the upper portion of the concrete structure portion 72 so as to counter the tsunami, and a wooden or steel structure third floor portion 73 may be erected via the internal space.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, it may be possible to escape from the third floor portion 73 or the second floor portion 69 onto the roof c during a flood. In this case, in the third floor portion 73, there is provided a first evacuation stair d that leans toward the ceiling opening, and a second evacuation stairs f that extends from the stair d to the roof opening with the door e, The stairs f may be used to evacuate under the tower g on the roof c.

  10 and 11 show an embodiment of a tsunami evacuation facility that is installed to protect the ocean and river coastal area residents. This facility consists of a reinforced concrete frame A having a height corresponding to the second or third floor, and a steel frame B installed on the floor with appropriate height. The case A may be set to a height that sufficiently exceeds the estimated height H1 of the tsunami strike, or may be set to be lower than the assumed height H2. Here, the setting is made assuming the former.

The frame A includes a base plate 82 supported by the underground pile 81, a bottom wall 83 on the base plate 82, and an outer peripheral wall 85 that rises from the bottom wall 83 to form a rectangular internal space 84, and at a lower evacuation site. The top wall 86 is provided. The casing A can adopt various geometric shapes such as a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylindrical shape, a triangular cylindrical shape, and a diamond shape (the same applies to other embodiments below).
The foundation plate 82 is configured to prevent ground subsidence by the underground pile 81, but in this embodiment, further measures are taken to prevent settlement by the solidified layer 87 that solidifies solidly like concrete due to solidification liquid infiltration. Yes. One or both of the solidified layer body 87 and the underground pile 81 may be omitted.

  The casing A has reinforcing thick portions 88 at corners and appropriate places to take measures against tsunamis, and these thick portions 88... Receive the mounting seat 95 of the column 94 of the upper casing B and fix the anchor. It also has the function of. The internal space 84 of the casing A may be a non-use space, or may be partitioned by a middle partition floor 89, a vertical partition wall 90, or the like to be a normal or emergency living space. In that case, an internal staircase (not shown) may be provided. 91 is a separate folding staircase that can be climbed to the lower evacuation site, which is the top surface of the housing A, and may be made of a single piece of concrete. Inside the interior space 84 through the entrance door 92 from its midway landing You may comprise so that it may enter.

  The chassis B has a plurality of the support columns 94 with the mounting seats 95 and a bottom frame 96 having a flat rectangular shape fixed between the bases and fixed on the chassis A, and an upper evacuation place is provided on the support columns 94. An upper frame 97 is provided. Then, the user can climb to the upper evacuation site via the upper stairs 98. 99 is a disaster prevention tension material, which consists of a net or wire, and 100 is a roof rail, which can be provided with a disaster prevention tension material such as a mesh or wire. Note that the housing A may be set to a tsunami attack height H2 or less.

Reference numeral 102 denotes a pair of left and right anchor blocks, which are made of reinforced concrete and are embedded and fixed in the front ground of the facility. A protective column 103 such as a metal pipe is erected and fixed through these blocks 102, or the middle stage of the frame B or It comes to face the above height. The protective column 103 is fitted to the outer periphery of the column 103 so as to be movable up and down, and can be fixed by a lock bolt 104 as appropriate. A second bracket 106 fixed to the front surface of the housing A, and the brackets 105, An oblique link 107 which is fixed between the shafts 106 is formed. These links 107 are classified into an upper front-falling type and a lower front-raising type, but the front-falling type applies a force in a downward direction by a tsunami force from the front as shown by an arrow in FIG. Therefore, since it is effective in the sense that it is difficult to remove the protective pillar 103, it may be configured only by the forward-falling link 107. The protective column 103 can be anchored by a link chain type or a pull-down member 108 such as a wire shown in FIG.
Further, a part 96a of the bottom frame 96 can be extended forward or rearward to be connected to the protective column 103 via a mounting bracket 103a and a fastener, thereby supporting the protective column 103.
Further, a rising portion 109 is formed on the upper portion of the casing A, and a casing B (support 94) is installed via the upper surface or the inside thereof so as to avoid a tsunami for those who evacuate on the casing A. it can.

As shown in the upper right column of FIG. 10, the casing A can be formed in two stages.
In addition, as shown in the upper column of FIG. 11, when the push wave comes from the X direction, the protective pillar 103 may be arranged at the apex position of the triangle. 110 may be provided so that dredged material such as rubble is captured here so as not to reach the building A. The protective tension member 110 may be provided with a buffering means such as a spring 111 or a damper.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of a tsunami evacuation facility. This embodiment is composed of a reinforced concrete structure case A that exhibits high strength against tsunami and a steel structure case B thereon. The frame A has substantially the same structure as that of the embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11, and includes an underground pile 115, a foundation plate 116, a bottom wall 117, an outer peripheral wall 118, a ceiling wall 119, and the like, and the internal space is not There are cases where the space is used, and cases where the space is usable for public use, such as emergency evacuation such as tsunami or flood, or as a public hall. In the case of an available type space, it is formed as a two-story or three-story space that constitutes the intermediate floor wall 120 and the inner staircase 121. It is possible to attach an outer staircase 122 so that the second floor portion can be climbed from the installation base 123 via the intermediate door 124 or to the top surface via the upper door 125. A protective wall 126 is provided to prevent a tsunami from attacking when entering and exiting through the doors 124 and 125.

The frame B includes a second-floor evacuation site 129 and a roof-top evacuation site 130 by a plurality of support columns 128 and horizontal connecting members, and includes an inner staircase 131 for ascending / descending between the evacuation sites 129 and 130. On the outer periphery of the chassis B, in order to prevent damage from the drowned material caused by the tsunami, a protective tension material 132 made of a metal net or a wire is stretched. The frame B has a two-story structure, but can be changed to a single-story structure or a three-story structure.
In front of the facility, a protection column 135 is erected and fixed via an anchor block 134 so that ships, vehicles, houses, rubble, and the like, which are floating drifting materials, do not reach the frames A and B. As shown in the upper left, the protective column 135 is a gate type having a support in the center, and particularly a protective tension member 136 made of a metal mesh material, a wire or the like so as to stop fine objects such as debris. Is stretched. This protective tensioning material 136 is made of a single metal mesh with a fixed mesh, but it may be composed of two meshes separated from each other in the front and rear, in which case the front side is rough and the rear side is rough. If a finer mesh is used, rubble can be captured effectively in two stages. A guard post as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 can also be configured.
On the other hand, as shown on the right side of the drawing, the protective column 138 may be connected to and supported by the outer staircase 122 in addition to the support by the anchor block 139. If the base of the outer staircase 122 is fixedly supported on the block 139 side, stronger support can be obtained.

  The protective tension member 132 may be a horizontal wire as shown in FIG. 13 or may be a mesh mesh instead of a roof railing. The inner staircase 131 may be a spiral staircase. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the protective column 141 may have a diagonal column shape in which the base portion is fixed to the anchor block 142 and the upper portion is supported by the housing A. In this case, the protective column 141 may be elastically supported by interposing a cushioning material 143 between it and the casing A, or may be supported by an auxiliary intersection 144 whose lower end is fixed to the base plate 116.

  As shown in FIG. 14, when the frame A is SRC (the reinforcement is not shown), the steel column 147 is extended upward or integrally to form a column portion 148, and these column portions 148. The lower evacuation site 149 and the upper evacuation site 150 may be configured by forming a surface construction portion using the above. These are provided with upper and lower protective tension members 151 to cope with the tsunami. The protective column 152 may be supported at the upper end by using the steel column 147 including the column portion 148 as a supporting role. Reference numeral 153 denotes a connecting member. In this case, the lower part or base part of the protective column 152 may also be supported via a connecting member protruding from the steel column 147. There are a case where the lower end of the protective column 152 is supported by the anchor block and a case where it is supported only on the case A side as described above.

  FIG. 15 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the casing A is made of reinforced concrete made up of a base plate 156, a plurality of support columns 157, and a top plate 158, and is reinforced with appropriate braces 159 or braces. The struts 157 have the same number apart on the other side of the figure. The support columns 157 may be arranged so as to be on a circle (see the upper right column in FIG. 15) or an ellipse as viewed from above, or on a rhombus line. The number of support columns 157 may be 3, 4, or 5 or more. The frame A is assumed to have a height that exceeds the estimated height of the tsunami strike, but may be less than or equal to this estimated height. The outer staircase 160 may be a straight type or a spiral type.

The frame B is a steel construction type with the support 155 and the roof top body 161, and a lower evacuation site 162 is provided on the upper surface of the cabinet A, and an upper evacuation site 163 is provided on the upper surface of the roof top body 161. An upper staircase 164, a handrail (or protective upholstery) 165, a storage container 166, and the like are provided as appropriate to prepare for an emergency. The storage container 166 is a strong structure having a protection function against a tsunami attack. In that case, the support column 155 can be used as a structure support column. For example, as shown in the upper left, two pillars 155 are the main pillars of the container 166 and the additional pillars 167 and the upper and lower additional frames 168 are combined to form a strong frame, and the protective outer plate 169 and the door 170 are combined and fixedly installed. It is. Reference numeral 172 denotes front and rear protective columns, which may be fixed to independent blocks 173 or fixed to an integral overhanging portion of the base plate 156.
Further, 174 may be provided on the front side as another alternative protection pillar. The protection pillar 174 is provided vertically in front of the support pillar 157 and is attached by a plurality of upper and lower connecting members 175. . You may fix the lower end of the protection pillar 174 in the ground or a concrete block.

  In another embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the skeleton A is made of reinforced concrete, and is composed of two stages of a lower enclosure wall type lower part A1 and a pillar type upper part A2 integrally formed thereon, and a steel pillar A built-in housing B is placed and fixed. Reference numeral 178 denotes a staircase, and a straight staircase or a spiral staircase can be selected. Reference numeral 179 denotes a lower evacuation site, 180 denotes an upper evacuation site, 181 denotes a support column, and 182 denotes a handrail.

In FIG. 17, a round or square support 185 is placed at the apex position of an equilateral triangle when viewed from above, and the base is fixed on the concrete base, and is connected by connecting members 186 at the middle of the height and at the height of the upper end. A steel frame or concrete tsunami evacuation facility provided with an evacuation site is schematically shown, and protective pillars 187 are provided before and after this facility to prevent tsunami.
Based on this, the facilities shown in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 show a structure in which a lower refuge site 188, an upper evacuation site 189, and a staircase 190 are configured by placing a support column 185 at the apex position of a rhombus.
The facilities shown in FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 have a structure in which a pillar 185 is arranged at each vertex in a combination of a triangle in the front and back and a quadrangle between them.

  22 to 26 show another embodiment. This embodiment is a high-floor type housing installation system that can ensure safety even if a high tsunami hits, and it is possible to simplify installation and reduce costs by deploying many houses in a particularly small installation area. It can be made, and it is not limited to a house, but a part or all of it may be a store, an office, a factory or the like. FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 show one set unit in a construction method dedicated to a house, and a plurality of such units can be further combined.

Reference numeral 200 denotes an installed base, which is assumed to be a new land (whether flat or highland) that has been restored after a disaster such as a tsunami, earthquake, or flood. Regardless of whether or not you have encountered a disaster, you may target the ground from which you are going to take disaster countermeasures.
201 is a steel pipe shared foundation pile, which is composed of a lower part a and an upper part b. For example, as shown in FIG. 24 showing the upper part, four pieces are used as one unit so as to correspond to rectangular vertex positions. For example, the inter-center dimension W corresponding to the house width direction is 7.2 m, and the inter-center dimension L corresponding to the house depth direction is 3.6 m.
This dimension is also shown correspondingly in FIG.
The lower piles a are arranged in two rows separated in the front-rear direction with a left-right interval W under a front-rear interval L. 203 is a foundation block of RC structure, and after the lower pile a is driven into the installation base 200, the upper pile b is erected vertically, and then the block 203 is driven and formed. The upper end of the upper pile b is set to a height that sufficiently exceeds the height of the tsunami attack that is assumed in the area. For example, if the estimated height of the tsunami in the area is 8 m, it is set to 10 to 12 m exceeding that. Around the upper pile b, a concrete peripheral reinforcing column 204 may be integrally constructed on the foundation block 203 as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.

  The intermediate heights of the portions extending from the installation base 200 of the foundation piles 201... Are connected by the middle main beam 206 between the left side in the right two rows and the right side in the left two rows in FIG. Further, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the right two rows and the left two rows of the foundation piles 201 are connected by a middle secondary beam 207 and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. As shown in FIG. 24, the foundation piles 201 are interconnected by middle stage girders 208. The middle main beam 206, the middle sub beam 208, and the middle beam member 208 are connected to the foundation pile 201 by fastening them to a receiving flange that is fixed horizontally around the foundation pile 201 or arranged vertically around the foundation pile 201. You may make it attach through the attached attachment bracket. You may make it connect using both the said receiving flange and a mounting bracket. These connection methods will be described later.

A middle main floor 210 is laid on the middle stage main beams 206 in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 23, and a middle stage sub floor 211 is laid on the middle stage sub beams 207 as shown in FIG. . The space on the middle main floor 210 is used as, for example, a meeting place or a playground for those who live in these apartment houses.
An outer wall 212 is constructed on the middle sub-floor 211, and, for example, a storeroom 213 for a person living on the upper floor is constructed. The space on the base block 203 corresponding to the lower side of the storage 213 is provided as a parking space 214 for the corresponding upper floor residents, while the individual lower stairs 215 that can be climbed into the storage 213 from the space 214. Is provided. The entrance door 216 after climbing the individual staircase 215 is locked for personal use. The structural part corresponding to the storeroom 213 of the foundation pile 201 is constructed by the breath method in order to perform inexpensive construction. In addition, an individual upper stair 217 for climbing to a specific location in the house, which will be described later, is provided on one side of the storeroom 213 and is connected to the upper house 1st floor.

  The floor frame 220 is constructed with four of the foundation piles 201 as a set. As shown in FIG. 25, the floor frame 220 has an octagonal basic shape, and includes a front frame 221 arranged corresponding to the front side of the house and a rear frame 222 arranged corresponding to the rear side of the house. , And horizontal frames 223 and 223 arranged to connect both sides of the front and rear frames 221 and 222. The front frame 221 is an integrated frame in which diagonal materials b are combined on both sides of a flat U-shaped frame a, and the frame 221 is narrow in width (around 1.8 m) in order to comply with the legal regulations for truck transportation together with the rear frame 222. ) Frame. The rear frame 222 is formed by integrating three sides of an octagon. And these are attached by the fastening tool (bolt nut) 225 ... on the connection flange 224 with which the upper end of the foundation pile 201 was equipped. The coupling flange 224 may be a two-piece upper and lower type, and the ends of each frame may be inserted between them and tightened.

In the bottom frame 220, a main inner frame 227 is temporarily installed in a direction corresponding to the width direction of the foundation pile 201, and is fixed by a coupling flange 224. 228 is a sub-inner frame temporarily provided between the main inner frames 227 and is connected by an angle 229 or the like.
Although two horizontal frames 223 are provided adjacent to each other, only one horizontal frame 223 may be provided.
In addition, as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 25, a coupling flange 231 with a coupling cylinder 230 may be provided on the floor frame 220 side and fastened and fixed to the coupling flange 224. In this case, the coupling bracket 232 may be fixed to the coupling cylinder 230 and the floor frame 220 side may be coupled (lower left column in FIG. 25).

  On the floor frame 220 constructed in this way, a floor foundation frame 234 constructed with a scale module is placed and fixed concentrically with the floor frame 220 by fastening with a fastening tool 235. 22 and 23, a two-story house 235 is constructed on the floor foundation frame 234, and is fastened and fixed to the floor foundation frame 234. On the upper surface of the floor frame 220 around the floor base frame 234, for example, a mortar 236 placed on a deck plate is laid.

  A plurality of units in which the floor foundation frame 234 is placed on the floor frame 220 and the house 235 is constructed on the floor frame 220 are arranged in a state where the foundation pile 201 is shared by neighboring communicators as shown in FIG. The floor foundation frame 234 is a length module and has a length and width of 5.4 m.

In addition, three units are arranged in the right and left columns as shown in FIG. 22 (not limited), and the house units are connected by a plurality of rectangular sidewalk floor frames 237 as shown in FIG. On the floor frame 237, as described above, a sidewalk plate 238 having a mortar on a deck plate is constructed. 239 is an arcade.
24 is communicated with the warehouse 240 in the house 235 in FIG.
Furthermore, 242 in FIGS. 22 and 23 is a common staircase, and the staircase 242 is installed between the foundation piles 201 as shown in FIG. 22 so that it can climb between the foundation block 203 and the sidewalk plate 238.
Further, reference numeral 243 in FIG. 22 denotes an inclined path connecting the installation base 200 and the sidewalk version 238.
Furthermore, 244 is a common elevator, 245 is a buffer pile, and the buffer pile 245 is embedded in the base, and the wire rope 247 extending back and forth via a pulley 246 provided at the upper end is tension-fixed to the ground before and after the lower end. Has been. When a dredged material such as a tsunami current or a ship gets on the wire rope 247, a downward force is applied to the buffer pile 245 so that it is difficult to fall down. Reference numeral 248 denotes an embedded concrete block.
The floor frame 220 is based on an octagon, but may be based on a quadrangle, a pentagon, or a hexagon.
Furthermore, although four foundation piles 201 are arranged per house, for example, as shown by a phantom circle X in FIG.

  27 and 28 show another embodiment. In the embodiment, the existing house 301 including the base 302 is set high on the installation base 300 so that the house 301 is protected from being swept away from the tsunami. Two lift booms 303 are passed under the foundation of the existing house 301, and lower brackets 304 are provided at both ends thereof, and a wire rope 307 from a winch 306 provided in the lift column 305 is connected via a wheel 313. Then, it is connected to the lower bracket 304 and lifted up. FIG. 29 shows a state where the lift is greatly increased. The lower bracket 304 is connected to the upper bracket 308 to fix the house, and the lift column 305 and the lift boom 303 are connected by a support member 309 to obtain a further fixed state. In addition, a buffer pile 310 is erected and installed in front of the tsunami, and further protection is achieved by stretching a wire rope 311 in the meantime. Reference numeral 312 denotes a house supporter.

  FIG. 30 shows another embodiment. In the embodiment, the existing building structure 315 as shown in the left figure is cut at the base together with the internal steel frame 316 and the reinforcing bar, and then jacked up, and after several times of jacking up, As described above, the building support frame 318 is constructed when the main jack 317 is raised to a height higher than the estimated height of the tsunami attack, and thus the building support frame 318 is stably supported in earnest. Reference numeral 319 denotes a building supporter. After that, it is free to remove the main jack 317 or not.

  FIG. 31 shows another embodiment. In the embodiment, a plurality of existing wooden houses 322... As shown in the left figure are placed and fixed on a high frame structure 323 resistant to a tsunami as shown in the right figure by jacking up or lifting up to construct a collective housing. It is what you do. Reference numeral 324 denotes a staircase, which also serves as a reinforcing member together with the oblique reinforcing member 325 of the frame body 323.

  FIG. 32 shows another embodiment. The embodiment shows a method for more effectively protecting the tsunami evacuation facility 330 that is highly constructed by the columns 328, the lateral connection members 329, and the like, and a plurality of sets of buffer piles 331. It is arranged to be separated from the front and back by a plurality of steps so as to exert a protective action.

  33 and 34 show another embodiment. In the embodiment, an elevated platform 335 is formed on an installation base 334, and a stairs 336 for tsunami evacuation is provided on the elevated platform 335, and an evacuation passage 338 is provided with a sliding surface 337 that can fall down and slide down from the center of the platform 335. And an evacuation rod 339 is formed at the end of the passage 338 to allow temporary evacuation. 340 is a watertight lid that can be opened and closed, 341 is a cushioning material, 342 is a step that can be climbed up and down, 343 is a handrail, and 344 is an air conditioning pipe. Reference numeral 345 denotes a buffer pile for blocking a tsunami flow or the like here. The air conditioning pipe 344 communicates with one of the buffer piles 345. Further, the evacuation passage 338 can be arranged substantially symmetrically on the right side in FIG. 346 is another example of the air-conditioning pipe communicated with the escape rod 339 via another hill 347. The number of evacuation passages 338 is not limited to one or two, and can be provided radially around a wide evacuation pit 339.

35 to 37 show another embodiment. In the present embodiment, a lower evacuation site 351 is formed on a plurality of support columns 350, and an upper evacuation site 353 is provided via the upper support column 352, so that evacuation can be performed to the respective evacuation sites 351 and 353 by the stairs 354. In the steel structure type tsunami evacuation facility, the stairs 354 can be used to evacuate elderly people who cannot evacuate by themselves.
As shown in FIG. 37, reference numeral 355 denotes a groove-shaped slip road that is installed obliquely, and is provided so as to extend from the installation base 356 to the upper evacuation site 351. The slide path 355 includes a winch 357 and a wire rope 358. A lifter 359 is provided which can be lifted.

  The lifter 359 includes a frame 360 with a seat 362 with a backrest 361 and a handle 363. The lifter 359 is configured to roll on the sliding path 355 by wheels 364 and to be stably driven by a retaining roller 365. . The lifter 359 and the slip path 355 are provided on the pulling wave attack side of the facility, but may be provided on the push wave attacking side as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 366 denotes a buffer pile, and in this example, it has two stages of a receiving pipe a and an insertion pipe b. In the receiving pipe a, receiving materials such as gravel and earth and sand are put. This receiving material may be made of an elastic material so as to receive the downward force of the inserted pipe b while buffering it. In addition, 367 is a wheel, 368 is a wire rope, 369 is a pile, and the pile 369 may be driven alone or embedded, but may be hooked to the receiving pipe a as shown. The lifter 359 waits on the lower evacuation site 351 during normal times and is used by children as a slideway at that time. On the other hand, when the tsunami strikes, the winch 257 is operated manually or electrically as shown in the figure. It can be used for evacuation. Note that the slip path 355 may be arranged in parallel beside the staircase 354.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Installation base 7 ... 1st protection pillar 9, 13 ... Connection member 10,14 ... Fixture 12 ... 2nd protection pillar 17 ... Front protection pillar.

Claims (1)

On the side where a tsunami attack is expected on a building such as a tsunami evacuation facility, the base is fixed in the installation base and the upper end is a free end. In a protective device for a building such as a house in which a protective column is erected and the protective column and the building are connected by a connecting member, the connecting member is a link-shaped member and is fixed to the protective column side. The first bracket and the second bracket fixed on the building side are connected to each other by a single shaft fixed by a horizontal shaft , and the first bracket is fitted on the outer periphery of the protective column so as to be vertically movable. A protective device for a building such as a house, wherein the protective device is configured to be fixed to a protective column by a lock bolt at a height different from that of the second bracket.

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