JP2005315058A - Protective equipment for emergency - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide equipment for flood control measures, which is used for protecting an object to be protected, such as a passenger car, from a flood disaster. <P>SOLUTION: This equipment for the flood control measures is used for protecting vehicles, such as the passenger car, an autobicycle and various types of agricultural machines, from the flood disaster, when they are housed in a garage. The garage comprises at least four surfaces, that is, a bottom side wall, right and left side walls and a backside wall. Characteristically, a front opening of the garage can be watertightly fitted with a waterproof door. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an emergency protective device that is fixedly installed in a coastal area, a river area, or the like and that functions more effectively during an emergency such as a tsunami.

  For example, in harbors and the like, dykes are installed to deal with tsunami attacks. However, if a high tsunami that strikes this embankment strikes, this is not the case.

By the way, since the existing embankment is made of concrete and can be dealt with sufficiently, it is expected that the tsunami will strike the land side far beyond the embankment.
In addition, on the land facing the harbor, a tide bank is installed, and in case of an emergency, the tide door is closed manually or electrically so that it can cope with the tsunami storm surge, but in this case it becomes a problem This means that the seawall will be damaged by the earthquake before the tsunami and will no longer function.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an emergency protective device with reliable operability that can always stop or attenuate a tsunami of an unpredictable height. .

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention described in claim 1 is provided in a levee body that is fixedly installed in a sea area, a river area, the land, etc. and functions for a tsunami, a storm surge, and the like. Auxiliary protective means projecting toward is added.
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the tide proof is provided in front of or behind a tide embankment with an open / close type tide door which is fixedly installed in a sea area, a river area, the land, etc. and functions for a tsunami or a storm surge. An auxiliary protective means that is opened and closed separately from the door is added.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if an abnormal tsunami strikes, the emergency protection apparatus with the reliable operativity which can always stop the attack can be provided.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  1 and 2 show an embodiment of an emergency protective device according to the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a dike (breakwater), which has a front surface 3 perpendicular to the sea 2 side, and a back surface 4 and an upper surface 5 that are slightly inclined rearwardly. There are a case where the front surface 3 and the back surface 4 are both vertical or inclined surfaces, and a case where the front surface 3 is inclined and the back surface 4 is vertical. Moreover, there may be a protrusion on the upper surface 5 (this may apply to other embodiments as well). 6 is the ground (land), and there is a private house on the left side of the ground 6 in FIG. 2, but the ground 6 is not provided when, for example, the levee 1 is slightly offshore with a jetty or a single levee. There is also.

  8 is a first receiving material, and the receiving material 8 is a vertical sheet pile for construction. The receiving material 8 is enlarged upward while the lower part is attached to the front surface 3 by the upper and lower anchors 9 and the rubber cushioning material 10 ( 2-3m) It is fixed so that it stands up. The upper cushioning material 10 is provided between the front surface 3 and the receiving material 8, and the lower cushioning material 10 is provided on the front side of the receiving material 8, whereby the receiving material 8 is set in a slightly bent shape. . As shown in a plan view in FIG. 1, a pair of left and right first receiving members 8 are arranged as a pair with a left and right interval, and in this embodiment, each receiving member 8 has its groove. It is provided with the side facing forward. This groove side may be facing backward. The groove orientations shown in the following embodiments may be reversed.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a strut material, the base portion is fixed by an anchor 9, and the upper portion is fixed to the upper end of the first receiving material 8 via a fastener 12 and a buffer material 10. This strut 11 may be omitted.

  Reference numeral 14 denotes a second receiving material, and a plurality of sets are fixedly arranged in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface 5 with a pair of sheet piles as one set. Reference numeral 15 denotes a bracket which is fixed by an anchor 9 and elastically supports the second receiving material 14 via the fastening tool 12 and the cushioning material 10. And these 2nd receiving materials 14 are arrange | positioned so that it may respond | correspond just behind the said 1st receiving material 8 in the back.

  Reference numeral 16 denotes a third receiving material, which is elastically supported by the anchor 9 and the buffer material 10 so that the lower part rises along the back surface 4, and corresponds to the position where the second receiving material 14 is separated as shown in FIG. Has been placed.

As shown in another embodiment in the right column of FIG. 2, the upper stage has a vertical shape of the first receiving material 8, and the middle level has the first receiving material 8 in a backward inclined shape, The lower stage has a rearward inclined shape along the front surface 3 on which the first receiving material 8 is inclined.
Moreover, as another aspect, receiving material 8,14,16 may be comprised by independent (for example, only receiving material 8), or may be comprised by combining suitably some of these.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the receiving members 8, 14 and 16 are opposed to the tsunami X perpendicularly as seen from above, but are arranged obliquely as shown in the right column. May be scattered aside. In this case, if the receiving material is inclined backward, the flow of the tsunami X becomes smooth.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the sheet pile was used as the receiving material 8,14,16, for example, an angle material, H-shaped steel, I-shaped steel, various pipes, rubber products, resin products, concrete products, guardrails, and other various commercially available products Products or custom-made products may be used (this may apply to other embodiments as well).
Furthermore, when a sheet pile is used, a water passage opening may be opened in the ear flange portion to make it easy for water to escape, and both may be coupled using the mouth (this is another embodiment). But it may apply as well).

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first receiving member 8 is pulled and fixed from the front, 18 is a main transverse wire, 19 is a sub-crossing wire, and 20 is an anchor. A suitable number of vertical wires 22 with shock absorbers 21 are stretched between them, and the vertical wires 22 and the wires 18 and 19 are connected to each other. A mesh 23 is stretched to stop tsunamis and accompanying objects here. With this configuration, even if a tsunami force is applied to the first receiving material 8, the first receiving material 8 can withstand the tensile force, and the presence of the mesh 23 directly causes the first receiving material 8 to receive a ship or tsunami force. It will not work.
The wires 18 and 19 may be pulled from the left or right or one of them as indicated by an arrow Y. In this case, the anchor may be driven into a mountain or a hill.
The mesh 23 may be a wide range of ropes such as a wire, a general rope, an aramid fiber, and a carbon fiber (this may be applied to other embodiments as well). The same applies to the wires 18 and 19.
Between the first receiving material (which can be applied to other receiving materials in the same manner) 8, 8, a wire material 24 such as a wire is bridged as shown in the plan view in the upper right column of the same figure. A protective material 25 such as a conveyor belt (with wire) or a mesh belt may be arranged in a plurality of upper and lower stages on the front side (this may be applied to other embodiments as well).
Although not limited to the first receiving material 8, the protective material facing the tsunami X does not receive the tsunami X on its entire surface, but opens a water passage hole 8a as shown in FIG. (This may apply to other embodiments as well). The holes can be selected from various geometric shapes such as circles and squares.
Furthermore, the receiving member 8 may be provided with a wave return piece 17 like a virtual line. In this case, the left and right wave return pieces 17 may have a staggered height.

In the embodiment of FIG. 4, a mesh 27 is stretched on the embankment 1 via a plurality of spaced poles 26 and upper and lower wires W stretched between them. It is comprised so that it may be attenuate | damped, receiving the accompanying material with a buffer action.
The pole 26 may be completely fixed to the embankment 1. Here, the bracket 29 is elastically supported via a buffer material 30 and a strut material 31 is also added. The strut 31 may also be bullet supported. Between the poles 26, a wire 29 is stretched up and down via a shock absorber 28, and via these, the mesh 27 and the protective sheet 32 are stretched in the front-rear direction. The mesh 27 and the protective sheet 32 may be reversed in front and back, the protective sheet 32 may be interposed between the front and rear meshes 27, or the mesh 27 may be interposed between the front and rear sheets 32. Only the mesh 27 may be used without a sheet, or a sheet may be stretched on the mesh 27 or a cushioning material may be attached.

The embodiment of FIG. 5 has a groove-like portion on at least one side, for example, when a sheet pile or the like is used as the receiving member 35, the flow of the tsunami X is controlled upward and distributed on the front groove side. In addition, the dispersion flow and the tsunami flow are canceled out, and the direction control plates 36 are arranged in a plurality of stages on the upper and lower sides in the groove. In this case, if a flow gap 37 is left between the rear end of the control plate 36 and the receiving member 35, an upward flow is generated. A through hole 38 may be formed in the control plate 36. Moreover, if the receiving material 35 falls backward like a virtual line, the upward flow becomes stronger. Further, the receiving material 35 may be an H-shaped steel, a half-round pipe, a grooved steel or the like.
The one shown in the right column of FIG. 5 is a structure in which a protective material 34 made of a sheet pile is connected in a transverse manner between the front surfaces of the protective support 33 made of H-shaped steel or a sheet pile so that it can counter the tsunami X. The protective material 34 may be spaced apart vertically so that a part of the tsunami X escapes between them, or another protective material 34, for example, an angle material is placed in the forward direction with the angle ridges in the back. It may be arranged in such a way.

As in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the receiving members 40, which are a plurality of sheet piles, may be joined by a pipe connecting member 41.
As in the embodiment of FIG. 7, the receiving member 43 made of a sheet pile may be engaged between the ear flanges 44 in a front-back relationship. In this case, a mesh 45 may be arranged in front of the receiving material 43 so as not to be directly applied to the receiving material 43 (this can be applied to other embodiments as well). is there).

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the first receiving member 48, the second receiving member 49, and the third receiving member 50 that oppose the tsunami X are arranged in a standing manner over several stages of the dike 47 at the front, upper surface, and rear. is there. The first and third receiving members 48 and 50 are fixed by driving with a sheet pile, H-shaped steel, or the like, and are tension-fixed with a wire if necessary, while the second receiving member 49 on the upper surface is fixed with an anchor. A number of these receiving members 48, 49, 50 are arranged in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the bank 47. As a result, private houses and the like that are kept behind are effectively protected from the tsunami X. In addition, you may bridge the mesh 51 between the 1st and 2nd receiving materials 48 and 49 like a broken line. The angle of the receiving members 48, 49, 50 can be made to fall backward.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the receiving material 54 fixed on the embankment 53 is formed in an arch shape, and if the arch is also tilted slightly backward, the flow of the tsunami X can be made an upward dissipating flow. . The receiving material 54 can be connected to each other with a width of several meters in the longitudinal direction of the embankment 53. In addition, the auxiliary receiving material 55 may be arranged inside the receiving material 54, and the shock absorbing material 56 may be interposed between the auxiliary receiving materials 55 so as to be able to be supported.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is a receiving material comprising a seat plate 59, a rear plate 60 that rises in a rearward fall state, and a front plate 61 that rises in front of the seat plate 59 on the bank 58. In this case, the front plate 61 may be fixed to the rear plate 60 by welding or the like, but may be provided so as to be in contact with each other. A cushioning material may be inserted during the separation.

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 11 includes a seat plate 64 that fits on the embankment 63 from above and a receiving plate 65 that rises obliquely rearward from the seat plate 64. The fixing tool 66 is fixed only by the fastening tool 66, so that it will not be pulled out even if a backward tilting force is applied. Conversely, the fastening tool 66 is not detached even if it is placed on the front or front and back. The receiving plate 65 may be curved like a virtual line.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, a front plate 70 and a receiving plate 72 rising from the rear plate 71 are integrated into a side chevron, respectively, which are attached to the front and rear surfaces of the dike 69, respectively.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 13, the receiving material 75 is fixed to the upper surface of the levee 74, and the mesh 76 is fixed to the front and rear surfaces of the dyke 74 so as to be bridged over the receiving material 75. 77 is a buffer material. A semi-circular (or round) cushioning material 78 for protecting the mesh 76 is provided at the upper end of the receiving material 75. Note that a wire, a rope, or the like may be used instead of the mesh 76. The illustrated one has a certain length in the longitudinal direction of the levee. The receiving material 75 may be tilted backward.

  The embodiment of FIG. 14 relates to a receiving material that controls the flow of the tsunami X to be divided into an upward scattering flow and a downward buffer flow. The receiving member is composed of a front plate 81 and a rear plate 82, and the front plate 81 has a base fixed to the front surface of the levee 83 and rises backward, and the rear plate 82 is dam 83 by a stay 84. It is fixed to be separated from the rear and rises obliquely forward from the rear. Here, the front plate 81 is configured to be received by the rear plate 82, and in this case, the space between them may be received by the buffer material 85. Further, below the opening of the rear plate 82, for example, a net-like attenuation means 86 that receives the downward flow of the tsunami X and attenuates it with a buffering action is opposed to the rear plate 82. The front plate 81 and the rear plate 82 are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of the bank 83. Further, as shown in the right column diagram, the front plate 81 and the rear plate 82 may be connected to each other. The front plate 81 and the rear plate 82 may be perforated in order to partially pass the tsunami X.

  The embodiment of FIG. 15 is for the one in which the passageway 89 of the seawall 88 can be closed manually or electrically by a laterally-drawn seawall 90, and is suitable for such an emergency device. As a result, there is a case where the tide door 90 cannot be closed when the tsunami X actually occurs after the tsunami X is damaged. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, auxiliary protection means 92 is provided on the side where the tsunami X strikes so that it can be operated manually or electrically (including remote operation type) separately from the tide door 90. Auxiliary protective means 92 can also be provided on the back side of the seawall 88 (this may apply to other embodiments as well). In addition, the auxiliary protection means 92 can be provided on both sides of the seawall 88 (this may be applied to other embodiments as well).

  The means 92 includes poles 93 that are spaced apart and are erected on the front side, and a wire 94 is stretched between the poles 93 so as to pass through a high position. Reference numeral 95 denotes an opening / closing means, and a plurality of vertical bars 97 having a ring 96 that can run with the upper end engaged with the wire 94, and a mesh (or a combination of a mesh and a sheet) stretched below these vertical bars 97 98, and the mesh 98 is reinforced with a horizontal wire 99. And one end of the horizontal wire 99 and the mesh 98 is fastened to one pole 93, while the other end is provided with a hook 100 as a free end as a drawn side. A receiving wheel 101 is provided on the pole 93 with respect to the hook 100. Reference numeral 102 denotes an auxiliary receiving pole that receives the auxiliary protective means 91 from the back.

The illustration shows a normal state in which the passage 89 can be used, and when the tide door 90 cannot be closed due to an earthquake or other circumstances (including the case where the tide door 90 operates normally), an arrow shown in the figure is shown. When the opening / closing means 95 is pulled in this direction, the opening / closing means 95 extends and the passage 89 is closed. Then, both ends are fixed by hooking the hook 100 to the receiving wheel 101. It should be noted that people who have dealt with such an emergency may sometimes escape lately. For this reason, in this embodiment, the evacuation tower 103 is set up nearby and can be evacuated immediately. Reference numeral 104 denotes a support, which has a vertically stepped structure, but it may be one. Reference numeral 105 denotes a first staircase, 106 denotes a second staircase, and 107 denotes an evacuation unit. A cushioning material 108 is interposed between the inside and outside of the column 104, but it is not necessary to provide it. In addition, in such an apparatus, you may equip the alerting | reporting means which notifies an emergency, for example to the upper end of the evacuation tower 103, etc.
Although the wire 94 is passed horizontally, as shown in the upper column of the figure, the wire (or guide rail) 94 is set so as to incline to the right (closed direction) with the horizontal level H as a reference. In this case, the opening / closing means 95 can be configured to slide in the right direction under its own weight with the release of a stopper (not shown). In this case, the opening / closing means 95 is a bellows type in the drawing, but there may be a single flat rubber plate. A wide and highly durable conveyor belt can be used for rubber removal.

  16 (a) and 16 (b) are provided with auxiliary protection means 113 on the front side of a tide wall 112 having a tide door 111, and the means 113 includes a pair of left and right poles 114, one of which is provided. A drum 117 including a rotating cylinder 115 and upper and lower flanges 116 is rotatably provided around 114, and a conveyor belt-type opening / closing means 118 having an inner peripheral base end fixed to the rotating cylinder 115 is provided around the drum 117. 119 is equipped so that it can be wound and unwound. A lock frame 120 is fixed to the front surface of the seawall 112 near the one pole 114, and a vertical lock shaft 121 is passed through the frame 120. The lock shaft 121 can be rotated by an arm 122, and an opening / closing means 118 through which a lock projection 123 protruding around the lock shaft 121 passes is sandwiched. A hook 124 is provided at the tip of the opening / closing means 118, and the hook 124 is engaged with the receiving wheel 125 of the other pole 114. A plurality of lock holes 126 are formed at the front end side of the opening / closing means 118, and these holes 126 fit into the bolts 128 of the fixing plate 127 provided on the front surface of the seawall 112 and rotate around the pole 114. They are completely tightly fixed by clamping with the free rotating plate 129 and tightening the nut 130 in FIG.

  In addition, the support | pillar 131 is inserted in the pole 114 (or extended integrally), and while the staircase 131 is provided with the staircase 132, the evacuation part 133 is provided in the upper part and the evacuation tower 134 is comprised.

The embodiment of FIG. 17 shows auxiliary protection means 141 that can close the passageway 140 separately from the tide wall 138 on the front side of the tide wall 139 with the tide door 138, and in particular, the carriage frame 143 with the traveling wheels 142. An apparatus that can move integrally is provided.
The frame 143 includes a base frame 144 as a horizontal frame, and integrally includes a protective frame 145 that rises along the rear portion. On the protective frame 145, a protective sheet 146 for closing, a mesh (not shown), and the like are stretched, and a vertical reinforcing member 147 having a receiving function is provided on the back surface. The base frame 144 is also provided with a lateral reinforcing material 148, and an oblique reinforcing material 149 is provided to form a rigid frame as a whole.

  A pair of fixing arms 150 projecting in the direction of the seawall 138 are provided in front and rear in the longitudinal direction of the frame 143, and the lock receiving piece 151 is disposed on the seawall 138 side so as to correspond to the closed state. It comes to match. Corresponding lock holes 152 are formed in the receiving piece 151 and the fixing arm 150, and the auxiliary protection means 141 in the closed state can be locked by inserting the lock pin 153 into these. In this embodiment, the auxiliary protection means 141 stands by on the side of the anti-tide door 138 with reference to the passageway 140, so that it does not interfere with the closing operation of the tide door 138 (this is the same in other embodiments). May apply). However, it is possible to make the auxiliary protection means 141 stand by on the opposite side of the drawing, that is, on the left side of the drawing because the transfer is free. Although the traveling wheel 142 is configured to travel on the front ground of the seawall 139, a guide rail is installed on the upper surface of the seawall 139, and the carriage frame 143 can be advanced and retreated along the rail. It may be. This rail is assumed to be separated from the left and right through the passageway 140 so as not to obstruct the passage of a vehicle or the like passing through the passageway 140. In the case where the left and right rails are continuous, the rail is passed through a high part of the passage opening 140. In the embodiment, the fixed arm 150 during standby can be locked using the lock receiving piece 151.

In addition, if the means to lock is comprised on the seawall 139, it may be operated in an emergency. In this case, the auxiliary protection means 141 can be locked from the front side.
The auxiliary protection means 141 is separately provided on the front side of the tide wall 139. However, the auxiliary protection means 141 is attached to the structural housing of the tide door 138 and is configured to extend in an emergency as indicated by an arrow C by a traveling wheel. You can also. The protection means in this case may be inside the tide door 138 or may be located outside the front side.
Further, the bogie frame 143 may be made stable and rigid using a heavy section steel such as an H section steel or an I section steel as shown in the lower right diagram. In this case, if the sealing material 154 to the front surface of the tide door 138 or the tide embankment 139 is attached to the back surface of the protective frame 145, the sealing material 154 is in a watertight state. It can also be formed long.

  FIG. 18 shows a state where the seawall 156 is seen from the land side opposite to the tsunami attack. On the front side of the seawall 157, the seawall 157 is provided so that it can be operated electrically (with manual operation) with the left direction as the closing direction. It has been. Reference numeral 158 denotes an opening / closing operation source. In such a case, a first staircase 159 is attached to the back side of the seawall 156 so that the evacuees can climb the seawall 156, and a column body 160 is erected on the seawall 156. The second staircase 161 and the evacuation unit 162 are equipped so that they can evacuate. The column body 160 may be made of a pipe. In this embodiment, a plate material having a constant width is bent into an integral trapezoidal frame (partially connected), and in addition to the column part, the part fixed to the seawall 156, the frame of the second staircase 161 It is a simple type consisting of a part that also serves as a part and a part that also serves as a base for the evacuation part 162. The evacuation tower 163 provided with the frame-type column 160 is easy to pass a tsunami and is elastic and resists. It is free to add reinforcements. This embodiment can also be applied to other embodiments.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 19, an evacuation section 168 is formed on the upper part by connecting the support pillars 166 such as three or four with a connecting member 167 in the horizontal direction over a plurality of upper and lower stages, and the evacuation is made possible to evacuate on the stairs 169. A tower (also referred to as a rescue tower) 170. In particular, the tower 170 has an evacuation function, and an alternating structure 171 is integrally formed in the lower part thereof. In addition to the police box, the construction body 171 may be a fire department, a rescue station, a nursing home, or the like, and the lower part may be a sidewalk.

  A staircase 169 can be provided using the structure 171. The evacuation unit 168 can be provided in a plurality of upper and lower stages as shown, but may be one stage. The base of the column 166 can be fixed lower than the ground.

  In the embodiment of FIGS. 20 and 21, a protective means composed of a mesh 177 with a protective sheet 176 is placed on one side on the back side (or the front side) of the seawall 175 with the tide door 174, and in the event of an emergency, Is extended as shown by an arrow so that the hook 178 at the tip is hung on the hook hooking pole 179 on the other side. There are cases where the protective means is set to have a length so as to be tensioned when stretched, and is set to be slightly longer so that the protective means swells with a cushion effect when a tsunami comes. All of the embodiments of the tide door are applicable to other opening / closing methods such as a rotary type other than the horizontal pulling type.

  The embodiment of FIG. 22 shows an access structure 181 configured at an entrance of a subway, an underground shopping center, an underground communication path, and the like, and a guide rail is formed on the roof portion 182 of the structure 181 so as to form an L shape when viewed from above. 183 is fixed, and a water defense device 185 is suspended and mounted so as to be able to be closed by moving from the side surface to the entrance / exit 184 side along the rail 183.

  The flood control device 185 includes a vertical rail 186, a waterproof sheet 187 stretched under the stretchable portion (which can be reinforced with mesh), a lock plate 188 at the front and rear ends, a pull handle 189, and an entrance / exit 184. A lock receiving plate 191 with a bolt 190 is provided in the vicinity of both sides. In an emergency, the water defense device 185 is drawn around with the handle 189 as shown by the arrow, and the bolt 190 is fixed with a nut so that the hole of the lock plate 188 matches.

  The lock plate 188 and the lock receiving plate 191 are long and extend to the lower end of the entrance / exit 184 to form a watertight structure. Magnetic coupling may be used. Further, since a gap is formed at the lower edge of the waterproof sheet 187, it can be waterproofed by adding a rubber sag or the like as a countermeasure against water and making it hit the tread surface of the entrance / exit 184. When adding such dripping, it is possible to waterproof further by placing a sandbag on it, but it is assumed that there is no time margin, so the tread side and drooping side can be waterproofed by magnet adsorption, etc. A weight that can be bent is attached to, for example, a vertical rail 186 or a sheet 187 on the side of the flood control device 185, and a weight that can be bent is attached to the drooping side, and the weight is dropped to suppress drooping after closing. You can also Further, the vertical beam may be connected in a vertically divided manner, and the lower beam may be dropped to be waterproofed by loosening the fastener between the upper and lower sides. In this case, waterproofing is effective when an elastic seal is attached to the lower edge of the seat. The structure 181 may be provided with stairs and the roof portion 182 may be used as an evacuation unit, or an evacuation tower as shown in FIG. 23 may be actively provided. The stairs may be attached to the flood control device 185.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 23, when the entrance / exit structure 194 is provided with a waterproof gate 195 such as a virtual line, the waterproof gate 195 does not operate when a manual or electric waterproof shutter 197 with a guide rail 196 is provided. However, it is designed to ensure safety. In this embodiment, the present invention is also applicable to a device without a gate 195. Further, a magnet 198 is provided on the tread surface and the shutter 197 side so as to be water-proof. A water sealing means is provided in the guide rail 196. In this embodiment, a support column 200 attached to the construction body 194 is provided, and an evacuation unit 201 is provided at the upper end of the structure 200 so that the stairs 202 can be evacuated.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 24, sheet piles 205 are placed around a house 206 such as a general house, a public hall, a nursing home, and the like so as to protect against disasters such as tsunami and flood. Reference numeral 207 denotes a doorway. Without driving all the sheet piles 205, only the appropriate ones can be driven, and the lower ends of the remaining sheet piles can be swept into the ground in the form of a floodproof with its weight. In this case, the entire sheet pile 205 may be connected by a horizontal rail. Further, as shown in the right column, the sheet pile 205 may be provided in a separated manner in the inner and outer multi-stages, and the space between them may be left as it is or filled with rocks or earth and sand to improve the protective effect. Concrete or mortar may be added. As indicated by a broken line, a sheet pile 205 is driven and deployed in the base 208 of the house 206 to increase the resistance of the house 206.

  The embodiment of FIG. 25 shows that a H-section steel 211 or a round pipe 212 may be used for joining the sheet piles 210 (this applies to other embodiments as well). Sometimes).

  The embodiment of FIG. 26 shows a sheet pile 215 provided with a tsunami return 216 at the upper end or the lower portion thereof (this may apply to other embodiments as well).

  The embodiment shown in FIG. 27 shows that the sheet pile 218 itself can be provided with a vent 219 and a viewing window 220 in addition to being equipped with an entrance door 219 for protection by the sheet pile 218.

  The embodiment of FIG. 28 is intended to protect against earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and the like by standing up a protective material 224 made of sheet piles in the ground around the first floor of a two-story house 223. The protective material 224 may be installed upright to cover the entire circumference of the house as much as possible, but in this embodiment, the protective material 224 is arranged and guarded in a relationship orthogonal to each other, particularly corresponding to the corners of the house. It is a thing. In addition, since it is difficult for indoor air to escape due to increased water in a tsunami or the like, a rubber-like air vent nozzle 225 shown in the upper right column is provided on the second-floor wall portion or roof portion, and the mouth is usually as shown in the figure. Although it is closed, it acts to automatically open the mouth and release the internal air as the indoor pressure increases. Further, the entire house 223 may be tightened by the anchor 226 and the wire 227. Further, an evacuation tower 228 may be erected in the garden of the house so that evacuation is possible. Also in this case, a sheet pile can be used as the support column 229.

In the embodiment of FIG. 29, protective materials 232... By sheet piles are arranged on the embankment 231, and on the house 233 side, the protection of sheet piles and the like is arranged in an arrangement that matches the terrain so as to function both for the return and return of tsunami. The material 232... May be fixed and dealt with. As the anchor for the wire, a spiral type may be used in addition to the straight type, and both the spiral and straight types may be combined in a braided manner.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 30 to 32 shows the sheet pile 235 used as a main member of a main pillar 236 of a simple tsunami (including flood) evacuation tower that can be used for home use or for installation in a park or the like. X indicates the direction in which the tsunami is expected to strike, Y indicates the direction of the return flow, and the sheet pile 235 has a ground height of 2 m + 2.5 m = 4.5 m above the estimated tsunami height at the site. In this case, the pair of sheet piles 235 are separated from each other in the state where the groove sides are opposed to each other, and are erected in parallel. The press-fitting length is not limited, but is 3 m, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sheet pile 235 has a width W of 600 mm and a total thickness T of 180 mm, and is arranged so that a dimension L between the pair of front and rear surfaces is 1000 mm. And the base part of both sheet piles 235 has struck the center part concrete 237 between both base parts by press injection, embedding, etc., and is carrying out foundation hardening. On the front and rear sides of both sheet piles 235, a pair of reinforcing bodies 241 formed by welding and integrating the vertical pipe 238, the horizontal pipe 239, and the oblique pipe 240 embed the bases of the vertical pipe 238 and the horizontal pipe 239, and the vertical pipe 238 is attached to the sheet pile. The main column 236 is protected from the front and the rear by being fixed in parallel with the H.235. You may connect the reinforcement body 241 and the sheet pile 235 by welding. Incidentally, reference numeral 242 denotes foundation concrete, which may be completely fixed with such foundation concrete 242 in addition to fixing the tower to the ground.

  The two sheet piles 235 are integrated by a connecting plate 243. Each sheet pile 235 is provided with stair steps 247 arranged over many floors from the ground to a place slightly higher than the evacuation stage 246 of the evacuation unit 245 with the handrail 244. Each step 247 is a circle. A square pipe is welded and fixed horizontally so as to cross the groove opening end of the sheet pile 235 as shown in FIG.

  Although the handrail height is 2 m, it may be lower. Also, at the upper end of the main pillar 236, a ceiling end stage 252 having a broadcasting speaker 248, an illumination lamp 249, a GPS (global positioning system equipment) 250, a lightning rod 251 and the like arranged on the upper surface is fixedly installed and functions. It is like that.

  Furthermore, between the two sheet piles 235, when evacuating by using the front and rear stair step 247, as shown in FIG. 1, it can come into contact with the back of the refugee so as to eliminate the danger of falling and can also rest as a backrest. Three backrests 253 are stretched over the top and bottom. The back support 253 may be a wire rope, a resin rope, a rod or other wire material, or may be a plate material or a mesh. When the lower end base portion is completely fixed to the ground or concrete, it fulfills the earthquake resistance function of the tower. The same may be applied to the above embodiment). You may be allowed to climb using the backrest 253. On the other hand, the backrest 253 may not be configured.

The sheet pile 235 may have a wide size on the side where the tsunami X strikes and a size smaller on the opposite side so that a person who climbs the tsunami X is not exposed.
The sheet pile 235 may be a single sheet. On the contrary, two sheet piles 235 may be combined at an angle such as a right angle instead of being parallel to each other (see, for example, the right column diagram of FIG. 1).
Furthermore, a through hole may be formed in the sheet pile 235.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the convex surface of the sheet pile 235 was orthogonally crossed with respect to the direction of the tsunami X, it may be made for the near side of FIG. In this case, a protective means, for example, a plate material or a mesh material can be stretched between the sheet piles 235.
In the above embodiment, the climbing is performed only at step 247. However, the sheet pile 235 is used as a guide rail, and the lifter with a roller uses the levitation force of the tsunami X or a simple winch, etc. You may comprise so that it can climb by the raising / lowering source. In this case, step 247 can be provided on the other side of the sheet pile 235 in a side-by-side manner.

  The embodiment of FIGS. 33 to 35 shows another aspect of the simplified tsunami evacuation tower. In the embodiment of FIG. 30, a relatively low tower is targeted, but when this is a slightly high tower, it is desired to take a rest on the way, and the embodiment of FIGS. 33 to 35 therefore has a resting stage in the middle of the tower. 255 is added.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 36, it is difficult to drive the sheet pile 235 when the ground is the rock bed 258, so the sheet pile 235 is erected on the lower base 259 via the reinforcing body 260 by welding. Reference numeral 261 denotes an anchor.

  37 to 40 show another embodiment of an emergency protection device such as a tsunami that is fixedly installed on a concrete embankment 300, and in particular, a small boat that rushes with a tsunami coming from the X direction in FIG. And other companions such as wave-dissipating blocks are prevented from attacking the land such as private houses above the figure, while private houses and people accompanying the return flow from the land side in the Y direction flow further offshore. It is about the device which prevents it.

A is a main protective receiver, B is an intermediate protective receiver, and 301 is a protective rope (wire rope). The protective rope 301 may be a resin rope, a general rope, a link chain, or the like. There are also combinations of these.
As shown in FIGS. 37 to 39, the main protective receiver A has a main body made of an I-shaped steel having a specific specification size, and has a left-right symmetrical type as shown in FIG.
Of these, 302 is a basic frame, as shown in FIG. 39, made up of a pair of front and rear parallel I-shaped members fixed by anchors 303 through a plurality of longitudinal bolt holes opened in the front one. It has come to be.

  On the base frame 302, as shown by the broken lines in FIG. 37, four receiving frames 304 in a form in which four I-shaped steels are vertically placed apart from each other are fixedly provided. In the space formed between the front and rear of these receiving frames 304, a plurality of upper and lower receiving pipes 305, as shown in FIG. 39 (three are shown, but four or more are also shown). There is a vertical separation between them, as shown in FIG. These are fixed to the receiving frame 304 side by connecting members 306 as shown in FIG.

  Reference numeral 307 denotes a fixed shaft that is passed through each receiving pipe 305, and a second shock absorber 308, which is an oil damper, is attached and supported through the shaft 307 so as to be swingable up and down. A first shock absorber 309, which is a coil spring, is connected in series to the front side of the second shock absorber 308, and one end of the protective cable 301 is connected via the first shock absorber 309.

  Reference numeral 311 denotes an upper frame for connecting and integrating the four receiving frames 304 at the upper end. Reference numeral 312 denotes a side reinforcing frame. Reference numeral 313 denotes a back foundation frame, which is a pair of left and right I-shaped steels, and extends on the embankment 300 through the foundation frame 302 on the back side so as to be orthogonal thereto, and is also fixed by the anchor 303. ing. Reference numeral 314 denotes a back reinforcing frame. As shown in FIG. 38, a symmetrical pair of main protection receivers A are anchored apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the dike 300, and the protective rope 301 is spaced apart in parallel so as to form a plurality of upper and lower stripes. Is stretched. In addition, the distance which these protection ropes 301 separate is not specified, and may be around 10 m or several tens m. A pair of protective devices including the main protective receiver A with the protective rope 301 stretched is one set in the drawing, but may be additionally provided on the left and right in FIG.

  The intermediate protective receiver B is a support frame that is provided in an appropriate number of relays when the distance between the main protective receivers A is long, for example, 20 m, 30 m, or more. This receiver B may have the same configuration as that of the main protective receiver A. That is, a pair of front and rear receiving frames 304 are fixed on a short basic frame 302, and a receiving pipe 305 is fixed therebetween.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 40, the intermediate protective receiver B in this embodiment fixes a pair of left and right receiving frames 317 on the front and rear short base frames 316 and ends the receiving pipe 318 between the receiving frames 317. It is horizontally fixed in a part insertion type. The protective rope 301 passes through the receiving pipe 318. In addition, when there is an impact on the protective rope 301, it is also assumed that the rope 301 hits against the edge of the receiving pipes 305 and 318 and rubs it. As a countermeasure, a buffer member 319 made of a round bar is used. The pipes 305 and 318 are fixedly arranged in the shape of a vertical axis at the left and right positions of the outlet portion.

If the protective rope 301 is exposed as it is, a person who is washed away may be damaged if caught. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 41, the outer periphery of the protective rope 301 may be provided with a soft covering material 321 made of vinyl or rubber. If the covering material 321 is a thin tube, it may not be effective, and in that case, it may have a large diameter as shown in FIG. Many coatings such as foamed resin spheres can be provided.
The covering material 321 may be transparent, but may be colorful or fluorescent, and may emit light at night by solar power generation, for example.

  In FIG. 43, the protective rope 301 may be cut off in some cases, and as a countermeasure, the anchor box 323 is fixed to the front surface, the rear surface, or the walking surface of the levee 300, and the protective rope is interposed therethrough. Anchor wires 324... Are stretched between the strips 301. The wire 324 may be fixed to the box 323 with a fastener 325 as in the center of the figure, or may be U-shaped and set with a buffering effect as shown in the figure.

In the above embodiment, the main protection receiver A is completely fixed to the levee 300. However, as shown in FIG. 44, it may be supported with a movable type and a buffer function. In this case, a rail 328 is fixed on the levee 300. Alternatively, the main protection receiver A may be supported by the roller 329 so as to be movable along the rail 328, and a rear shock absorber 330 may be disposed between the rail 328 and the main protection receiver A. A front buffering means 331 may be provided. It is assumed that the roller 329 does not come out of the groove of the rail 328. In order to cushion the roller 329, only the outer periphery or the whole may be made of rubber.
As indicated by phantom lines in the figure, a rubber tube is provided on the corresponding outer peripheral portion of the protective rope 301 in order to avoid violent rubbing of the protective rope 301 with the main protective receiver A or the intermediate protective receiver B side. 333 may be provided. There are a case where the rubber tube 333 and the buffer member 319 are provided together and a case where the rubber tube 333 and the buffer member 319 are provided alone.

  The buffer member 319 for protecting the protective rope 301 may be a slightly thicker round metal pipe or round rubber tube as shown in the figure (this is the same in other embodiments). May apply).

  In addition, as shown in the figure, it is also assumed that from the land side of the dike 300, things that you do not want to flow, such as household tools, will be washed offshore with the return flow. The mesh 332 may be stretched at a location corresponding to the front of the private house and held here (this may be applied to other embodiments as well).

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first shock absorber 309 of the spring type and the second shock absorber 308 of the oil damper type are used for buffering. You may make it buffer by making a suspension type. In this case, as shown in the figure, the weight 335 is disposed between the front and rear of the base frame 302 of the main protective receiver A so as to act without being lifted even by a torrent from the X and Y directions of the tsunami. For example, a cover serving as a weight guard may be provided on the front surface or the back surface of the dike 300 so that the weight 335 functions as a buffer. Reference numeral 336 denotes a sheave for the protective rope 301.

  In the above embodiment, the left and right sides are supported by the main protection receiver A, which is a frame body. For example, I-shaped steel or pole poles are erected on the left and right, and the protective cable 301 is stretched between them. When a mountain or a hill is close to the embankment, the protective rope 301 may be stretched so as to attach and support one end or both ends thereof.

FIG. 46 shows another embodiment of the tsunami emergency protective device that is fixedly installed on the concrete embankment 350 or on the coastal coastline. A small boat or a wave that rushes with the tsunami coming from the X direction in FIG. While preventing survivors such as vanishing blocks from attacking land such as private houses on the left in the figure, private houses and people accompanying the return flow from the land side in the Y direction flow further offshore. It is about the device for preventing it.
In particular, due to the energy that is attacked with a strong levitation force by the bottom lift X-a, which is a part of the original tsunami flow X, the successor such as a boat or wave extinguishing block is caused by the original main protective rope 351. Before being received, it is received by a preventive protective rope 361... So that the protection is further ensured.

  Reference numeral 353 denotes a main protection receiver, which is fixedly installed so that symmetrical ones in the right diagonal direction of the embankment 350 face each other. The main protective rope 353 includes a first frame 354 bent into a crank shape, a second frame 355 extending laterally from the frame 354, and a third frame 356 extending forward from the second frame 355 in an L shape. Is provided. Between the left and right sides of the first frame 354, main protection ropes 351... Are vertically stretched in a plurality of stages, and the ends of the second frame 355 are connected and fixed to each other through cushioning materials 357. In the meantime, a buffering means such as the above-described hydraulic pressure or spring may be provided. The second frame 355 is fixed on the embankment 350 by anchors 358. As described above, an intermediate protective receptor may be used. The main protective rope 353 may be a resin rope, a general rope, a link chain, etc. in addition to a wire rope. There are also combinations of these.

  Reference numeral 360 denotes a front projecting frame, which is a frame extending diagonally forward and upward from a frame portion fixed to the front surface of the levee of the first frame 354, and is also disposed opposite to the upper right side of the drawing. A preventive rope 361 is stretched between the two frames 360, and the terminal is fixed to the third frame 356. Then, similarly to the above, a buffer means such as a hydraulic pressure or a spring may be provided. The main protection receiver 353 may have other structures. Further, the connecting member 362 may be connected with a wire or the like between the preventive protective rope 361 and the main protective rope 351 so that the load applied to the preventive protective rope 361 is received on the main protective rope 351 side.

  FIG. 47 shows an embodiment in which a back frame 365 is fixed to the back surface of the first frame 354 of the main protection receiver 353, and a secondary protection cable 366 is stretched between the left and right back frames 365 to fix the terminal. The sub-protection line 366 is located behind the main protection line 351 so as to not only further improve the protection function of the main protection line 351 but also in the direction of arrow Y (return flow) in FIG. Houses and people that are swept away are received here together with the main protective rope 351 and immediately fall downward so as not to be washed offshore.

  The sub-protective line 366 may be stretched between the sub-frames 367 rising from the back of the embankment 350 like a virtual line, and the sub-protective line 366 is attached to both the sub-frame 367 and the back frame 366. It may be stretched. Reference numeral 368 denotes a reinforcing plate, which is appropriately attached to other portions. Further, a mesh or the like that forms a net may be attached to an appropriate position of the sub-protective rope 366 to prevent the passage through the return flow. By adding this mesh, for example, it is possible to effectively prevent the excessive load applied to the specific main protective rope 351 from absorbing energy due to the displacement of the mesh and applying abnormal stress to the terminal of the specific main protective rope 351. Is done.

  48 to 51 show another embodiment of a tsunami (flood) tower for home (individual) use. As shown in FIG. 49, a round pipe or a solid support column 370 is provided at the center, and a seat base 373 fixed by an anchor 372 on a concrete base 371 is horizontally integrated at a lower portion thereof. . In the case where the support column 370 is a pipe, a plurality of reinforcing bars 374... Passed through the lower side thereof are integrally embedded in the concrete base 371. Further, the support post 370 may be embedded and fixed in the concrete base 371 through a thick outer winding pipe 375.

  On the outer periphery of the support column 370, there are provided ascending / descending stairs 377 having a constant diameter, and an ascending / sitting stairs 378 having a diameter that is connected to the upper end of the stairs 377 and gradually increases. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 50, the elevating / sitting stairs 378... Are arranged 180 degrees (or more) so that the diameter gradually increases from the upper end of the elevating stairs 377, and the horizontal stairs from the upper end. A main evacuation stage 379 of a flat half-moon shaped plate is provided. Reference numeral 380 denotes a bottom frame.

  Reference numeral 381 denotes a first lifting protection fence, 382 a second lifting protection fence, and 383 a stage protection fence, which are arranged as shown in FIGS. 384 is a roof, 385 is a projector, and 386 is an evacuation alarm (siren). A pulling wire 387 may be stretched between the concrete base 371 and the upper part of the tower. Further, as shown in FIG. 51, the number of the columns is not limited on the outer periphery of the tower, but auxiliary columns 388 may be provided. 389 is a lightning rod.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the elevating / sitting stairs 378 are provided above the assumed tsunami water level P in FIG. 49 set near the upper part of the elevating stairs 377 having a constant diameter so that the diameter gradually increases. Therefore, not only can you evacuate to the main evacuation stage 379 through the stairs 378, but you can also sit on the stairs 378 and spend evacuation time easily, and the area of the stairs 378 is wide as shown in the figure. As a result, more people can be evacuated. As shown in FIG. 50, a part or all of the main evacuation stage 379 may be lowered into a staircase 390. An upward staircase may be connected from the downward staircase 390.

  FIG. 52 is made to protect climbers from volcanic ash and pyroclastic flows that pour down due to the explosion of the volcano. The concrete blocks 391 with grooved reinforcing bars are arranged in a chain as shown in the figure. The evacuees can wait and get off.

  53, four support columns 394 are erected around a shelter 393 made of concrete, and the upper ends thereof are connected, and a wire 395 is stretched in a mesh shape at the upper end, and a mesh 396 is further provided at the lower stage. It is stretched for safety from volcanic ash. Reference numeral 397 denotes a cable-stayed mesh.

  FIG. 54 shows an example in which a protective roof 400 is provided in such a shelter 399, and a guard roof 401 made of wire, mesh, or the like is installed obliquely so that it can be safely evacuated further down the mountain. A concrete block 391 shown in FIG. 52 may be passed below the guard roof 401, and the evacuation path may be constituted by only the block 391 instead of the guard roof 401.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 55 and FIG. 56 relates to a countermeasure example of volcanic gas ejected from a volcanic crater (crater) such as a volcanic island represented by Miyakejima and other Sakurajima. On Miyakejima, volcanic gas 413 continues to be ejected from the crater 412 of the crater (caldera) 411 formed on the Oyama 410 schematically shown in the figure, and these gases are on the island's foothill under conditions where the wind direction changes. Reach up to.
The main components of the gas 413 include sulfur dioxide, water vapor, sulfuric acid mist, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and suspended particulate matter. Among them, sulfur dioxide is the most dangerous for the islanders. is there. This sulfur dioxide is colorless and has an irritating odor, which may irritate the eyes and throat, and if high concentrations of sulfur dioxide are inhaled, breathing may become difficult. In addition, in the case of asthma patients, seizures can be induced even at low concentrations, and symptoms may worsen. For these reasons, the islanders have been evacuated to Tokyo, but have not been able to return to Miyakejima and are still in trouble.

  In this embodiment, in view of such a current situation, in FIG. 55 and FIG. 56, there are two main ropes 415, and these ropes 415 are V-shaped when viewed from above, and their base ends are craters. It is being fixed to the fixed anchor 417 in the anchor house 416 installed in the edge part 413 so that length adjustment is possible. The other end of the rope 415 is hung on a sheave 419 of a steel tower 418 placed upright apart from the opposite crater edge 413 and pulled by a weight 420 and is equipped. The main rope 415 is V-shaped when viewed from above, but may be parallel, or may be three or more instead of two. In addition, the weight 420 is used as a pulling method, but the other end may be a drum winding method with the base end fixed, or both the base end and the other end may be fixed. Further, both the base end and the other end may be wound. A take-off method may be used.

Between these main ropes 415, a plurality of laterally extending horizontal ropes 422 are stretched in parallel so as to face a wide area above the crater 412, and sub-ropes 423 are stretched so as to be orthogonal thereto. Has been. 424 ... is a cable-stayed rope.
A large number of suspension ropes 425 are suspended by using these ropes, and the upper and lower open type purification cases 426 are suspended through the suspension ropes 425. Although all the purification cases 426 have the same height, adjacent ones may be shifted by a height H as shown in the right column of FIG. A purifying material for sulfur dioxide (not shown) is detachably mounted in the purifying case 426. The purifying material may be activated carbon, and a photocatalytic method using titanium oxide or the like that decomposes and detoxifies sulfur dioxide by sunlight or irradiation means may be employed. As a photocatalyst method, there is a case where a substrate is coated with titanium oxide, a pellet shape, a photocatalyst filter in which a photocatalyst is applied to ceramics or a metal honeycomb, a photocatalyst honeycomb, or the like. Moreover, what coated glass fiber with the titanium oxide transparent thin film can be used, and a photocatalyst sheet | seat etc. can also be used. In the case of using fiber or plastic as a base material, it is based on a mask melon type titanium oxide composite fine particle photocatalyst, a gold-peel type titanium oxide composite fine particle photocatalyst, or the like. As a result, sulfur dioxide can be oxidized to sulfate ions, and it can be washed away by subsequent rainfall, allowing repeated photocatalytic reactions. These rainwater is contained in suspended dust in the air. Neutralized with alkali or the like to be processed to a neutral problem. When a photocatalyst is employed, the purification case 426 can be a transparent cylinder or a net cylinder through which light can be transmitted, and the case can be omitted and the photocatalyst can be suspended in an exposed manner. The upper right column of FIG. 56 shows a photocatalytic purification material 421. The purification material 421 has a substrate 421b formed radially around the core shaft 421a so that light can easily strike, and the surface is coated with a photocatalyst. Etc. Such a purifying material may be put into a case or suspended in an exposed state.

  In addition, it is necessary to replace | purify a cleaning material regularly or to wash | clean, and when a purification material is a photocatalyst, it is necessary to separately perform water jet cleaning instead of rain. In such a case, it is necessary to bring the purification case 426 up to the crater edge 413. For example, the main rope 415 is swung as shown by an arrow in FIG. Can be done. The purifying case 426 can face the crater 412 by a reverse swing. This swing is possible by allowing the carriage with the steel tower to reciprocate on the arc-shaped guide rail. Also, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 56, the main rope 415 can be loosened and the purification case 426 can be set to approach the crater 412. Furthermore, a helicopter can be used for the maintenance of the purification material.

56, a fence 427... May be arranged at an appropriate position of the crater edge 413 so that sulfur dioxide does not diffuse. Further, as indicated by phantom lines in FIGS. 55 and 56, a gas treatment unit 428 is installed on the inner bottom of the crater 411 around the crater 412 to introduce sulfur dioxide and the like into the unit 428 as indicated by an arrow. You may make it carry out centralized purification processing in the inside. In this case, the activated carbon filter, ceramic filter, photocatalyst method, etc. are used for complete purification treatment.
What has been described in this embodiment may be applied to other embodiments as well.

  FIG. 57 shows another embodiment of the purification case 430. That is, a plurality of trays 431... Having a coarse mesh-like bottom surface through which sulfur dioxide passes from below are arranged apart from each other and fixed by the side shaft 432 so that they can be suspended on the main rope. Such a filter-type purification material 433 and a photocatalyst-type radiation plate-shaped purification material 434 can be freely put in and out. Maintenance can be done easily and quickly.

  FIG. 58 shows a semicircular base cylinder 436 having a rough net through which sulfur dioxide passes and a semicircular opening / closing cylinder 437 that can be opened and closed, and can be suspended so that the purification material 438 can be taken in and out. The material 438 includes a photocatalytic type shown in FIG. 57 in addition to the filter type shown in the figure. Moreover, you may fill with a glass fiber type photocatalyst and a pellet type photocatalyst. When a photocatalyst is employed, the cylinders 436 and 437 can be formed into a rough mesh cylinder or a transparent cylinder.

  FIG. 59 shows that a purification material 440 made of a pellet type filter or a photocatalyst is placed in an inverted conical purification case 441 that can be ventilated from below so that replacement can be easily performed. The case 441 may be rotated as indicated by an arrow for cleaning and replacement.

  In FIG. 60, a pair of main ropes 443 are arranged in parallel, and these can be wound and fed out by drums 444 at both ends so as to be movable on the crater 411 as indicated by arrows. 445 is a horizontal rope, 446 is a sub rope, and 447 is a suspended purification case. The purification case 447 may be an exposed photocatalyst or filter. The purifying case 447 may be a hexagonal cylinder as a whole as shown in the lower right column of the figure to form a honeycomb as a whole so as to receive sulfur dioxide more reliably.

  FIG. 61 shows that a tower type jib crane (or bridge type crane) 449 is installed at the crater edge 413 so as to be able to turn and advance and retreat, and a purification unit 451 is suspended on the tip rope 450 and placed on the crater 411. It is made to match. The purification unit 451 can be freely maintained by moving up and down and moving forward and backward.

  In FIG. 62, a part of the crater 411 is turned into a guide port 453 so that a lava flow flows out through the port 453, or a sulfur dioxide gas from the crater 412 flows out from a fixed part by a blower 454 at all times. It is a thing. It is assumed that the guide port 453 selects a direction with less damage. And the filter 455 ... and a photocatalyst are installed in the opposing form in the place where the same port 453 came out. A suction device may be provided on the back side of the filter 455.

  As shown in the figure, a concrete pipe evacuation path body 456... Is connected from the crater edge 413 to the mountain skirt, or one or more layers of wire / resin mesh are stretched on the support column. An evacuation route 457 may be formed.

  FIG. 63 shows an anchor 461 in which three meshes 459 are stretched between two main ropes 460 so that two pieces at both ends are on the slope of the volcano and one at the center is in the crater 411. ..., and a purification case 462 ... is suspended from the central mesh 459 for use in purifying sulfur dioxide gas, and the mesh 459 at both ends functions to prevent mountain collapse. Is shown. As shown in the upper column, the center mesh 459 may be irregularly mixed. The mesh 459 itself may be a photocatalytic type.

  FIG. 64 shows a concrete body having a conical or cylindrical body portion and a top surface portion and a purification treatment body 466 having a large number of oblique passages 465... Installed around the crater 412. The gas content is purified when sulfur dioxide gas passes through the opening 465. A treatment material such as activated carbon can be separately loaded into the through-holes 465.

  65, a pair of main ropes 468 are stretched above the crater 412 and meshes 469 are attached, and purification weights 471 are suspended from the main ropes 468 via suspension ropes 470. The sulfur dioxide gas is purified by the weights 471 having a purification function by being around. The weight 471 may be suspended in the air. The weight 471 may be formed of concrete in which the head half of the photocatalyst particles are embedded in the surface. Further, the weight 471 may have a light entrance or a slanted hole in the center.

  In FIG. 66, the collection dome 473 is installed around the crater 412, the dome 473 and the outside of the crater are connected by a communication pipe 475 that connects the tunnel 474, and a filter 476 is connected to the end or in the middle of the pipe 475. Then, the sulfur dioxide gas is purified and discharged into the sea. A blower 477 is configured to send air only in one direction by a partition guide 478.

  In FIG. 67, concrete or ceramic bases 480 are arranged around the crater 412 and a contact purification material 481 is set up on each base 480. Photocatalyst particles are placed on the surface of the contact purification material 481. It may be half embedded. The base 480 itself may also have a purifiable structure.

In FIG. 68, a communication pipe 484 having a collection port 483 is guided from the crater 412 up to the crater 411 and connected to the filter 486 via the blower 485. Sulfur dioxide gas from the collection port 483 is drawn by a blower 485 and guided to a filter 486, where purification treatment is performed. Filter 486 may be a photocatalytic system. Incidentally, 487 is a traverse type carrying rope, 488 is a hanging winch, and the winch 488 is movable by being driven by the rope 487 and can also be wound and fed out. Therefore, the pipe 484 is held by the holder 489 via the hanging rope 488. Can be matched to the crater 412.
In addition, you may make it drive means, such as the air blower 485 and the winch 488, transmit from a solar power generation system (this may be applied similarly in other embodiment).

  FIG. 69 shows a case where a tide door 491 is installed so as to be freely opened and closed between embankments 490 installed on the coast to prepare for a tsunami or storm surge, and a protective material 492 is stretched before and after the tsunami from the X direction along with the tsunami. An embodiment for coping with accompanying items such as coming ships and driftwood, and for dealing with a house or a person accompanying a return flow from the Y direction so as not to flow to the sea will be described.

  In other words, on the upper part of the embankment 490 facing each other, a column 495 extending a little higher by anchoring the seat plate 494 is fixed upright and supported by a reinforcing material 496 such as a wire or a rod. In addition, a receiving tube 497 is provided around the upper end of each support column 495, and a pair of upper and lower upper receiving bars 498 are rotatably provided. The protective material 492 is normally wound around the upper receiving bar 498 so as to be freely wound and unrolled, and the lower receiving bar 499 is pulled out downward in accordance with an emergency such as a tsunami to extend the protective material 492. I can do it. The lower receiving bar 499 can be engaged with and disengaged from an engagement piece 502 that can be tilted up and down by a hinge 501 in a small pit 500 that is recessed forward and backward as shown in the right column.

When the tsunami attack is confirmed, the tide door 491 is closed and the countermeasure is taken. Therefore, the front protective material 492 is stretched as shown in the figure, and thereby the tide door 491 is protected. On the other hand, when the tsunami enters the left side of the figure beyond the embankment 490 and flows from the Y direction as a return flow, it is necessary to open the tide door 491 and allow it to pass. However, this return flow is often swept away from the Y direction by also swallowing houses and people due to the attack, and in that case, there is a risk that it will flow offshore through the location of the open door 491. On the other hand, if the protective material 492 is diagonally stretched in the rear, it is safe because houses and people can be received there with a buffering effect.
The upper receiving bar 498 may be connected and equipped with an operation tool such as a crank that can be wound and rotated. Also, the side part of the protective material 492 is a rope, but this is made into a rod shape so that it can be raised and lowered around the receiving cylinder 497 and always rises above horizontal. You may make it a protective state.

FIG. 70 shows another embodiment. In the case where the dyke 505 is provided with a tide door 506, an upper receiving bar 508 is supported via a hinge cylinder 507 on the upper rear side of the dyke 505, and a protective material 509 is provided so as to extend from the bar 508. A weight bar 510 is provided at the lower end, and the weight bar 510 is driven as indicated by an arrow through a checker rope 512 by checking the checker bar 511 as necessary, whereby the protective material 509 is illustrated. It protects against running out of houses (including valuables) and people accompanying the return flow. The check bar 511 is anchored at a position such as the engagement piece 502 in FIG.
It should be noted that the upper receiving bar 508 may be set higher than illustrated so as not to obstruct the passage. Further, the upper receiving bar 508 may be connected and equipped with an operation tool such as a crank that can be wound and rotated. Moreover, although the side part of the protective material 509 is a rope, this is made into a rod shape and can freely move up and down around the hinge cylinder 507 so that it always rises above the horizontal. You may make it a protective state.

71 and 72 are implementations in which the tsunami countermeasure method shown in FIG. 70 is installed in the river 515 so that it is possible to rescue the rushing of people from the campsite or riverside when the flood increases. The form is shown.
In the embodiment, reference numeral 516 denotes a hinge cylinder, and these hinge cylinders 516 are arranged at four locations on the riverside in a plane. A receiving bar 517 is horizontally mounted so as to form a front and back for each pair of the opposing members, and a protective material 518 is extended from each receiving bar 517 so as to extend forward. If the left and right protective members 518 are provided in the same positional relationship in the front-rear direction, river water may overflow. A weight bar 519 is provided at the front end of the protective material 518, and a check rope 520 and a check bar 521 for the bar 519 are provided. The check bar 521 advances and retreats along a guide rail 522 installed on the river. It is free.

  Normally, the check bar 521 is pulled along the guide rail 522 in the left direction in FIG. 72 so that the protective material 518 is made to stand high above the water surface. When the water is increased, the check bar 521 is moved and adjusted in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 72, so that the weight of the weight bar 519 causes the protective material 518 to be slanted in the river as illustrated. Even if people are swept away, they will be scolded and saved. In this case, the scolding person can drive and operate the check bar 521 along the guide rail 522 in the left direction of FIG. 72 to lift the protective material 518 and further ensure the rescue. This method is sometimes used for deep-fried driftwood.

  FIG. 73 and FIG. 74 show another embodiment made to eliminate flood damage to urban areas due to breakage or overflow due to abnormal river flooding. In FIG. 73, 525 schematically shows a river, and the river 525 often includes a bridge 526 that connects the urban areas. However, the drifting wood at the time of water increase is caught on the pier of this bridge 526 and stays there. This causes the flow to be obstructed gradually, and therefore, the breakdown and overflow phenomenon tend to occur on the upstream side.

This embodiment has been made to eliminate such a phenomenon, and captures floating objects 527 such as driftwood and houses in a slightly wider upstream area than the bridge 526 and gently flowing. A device is installed for reliable guidance, recovery and removal.
Reference numeral 529 denotes a circulating strip made of a rope such as a wire or a chain (including a link chain). Reference numeral 530 denotes a rotating wheel, such as a sheave or a sprocket.
One of the rotating wheels 530 is disposed on the upstream left bank of the river 525 so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis, and the other rotating wheel 530 is disposed slightly downstream. A circulating strip 529 is provided around these. As shown in FIG. 73, the circulating strip 529 is hung downward (or leftward). A recovery pit 531 is provided on the right bank including the lower side of the right rotating wheel 530.

In FIG. 74, h represents the average water level during normal times, and H represents the estimated water level during water increase. The left rotating wheel 530 has a height of about H, and the right rotating wheel 530 is set higher than H. Yes. A trapping material 532 such as a rope, a chain, or a link chain is hung down on the outer periphery of the circulation strip 529 so as to form an arc shape, and can be reliably trapped particularly in an overlapping state. When the water is abnormally increased, the trapping material 532... Traps the floating matter 527... Flowing as shown in FIG. 73 and the circulating strip 529 is slanted. It is automatically turned to guide to the pit 531. The induced suspended matter 527 is removed from the pit 531 by a bucket crane on the river bank. Adjacent hanging members 536 may be connected with ropes or chains.
The rotating wheel 530 may be forcibly driven. Also, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 74, the height of the rotating wheel 530 may be adjustable so that more reliable capture can be performed. The capture material 532 may be provided with protrusions (this may apply in other embodiments as well).

  FIG. 75 shows another embodiment. In the embodiment, the trapping material 534 circulates a plurality of sets including a hanging material 536 such as a rope or a chain having a weight 535 at the lower end and a plurality of horizontal members 537 passed between a pair of the hanging materials 536. It is configured to hang around the strip 538. Note that the tip of the pit 539 has a curved cross section so that floating substances can be easily brought in as shown in the figure.

  FIG. 76 shows a pit 542 recessed in the river bank 543 itself. Reference numeral 544 denotes an outflow cap plate. FIG. 77 similarly shows a pit 547 that is recessed by post-construction of the river bank, but is obtained by making it easy to flow in by catching the circulating strip material 548 in particular obliquely.

  FIG. 78 shows a fishing rod-like catch piece 553 attached around a circulating strip 551 via a hanging member 552. The trapping pieces 553 have different heights.

  79 and 80, a pair of front and rear rotating shafts 556 are provided so as to be orthogonal to the flow direction of the river, and the upstream side is set to be the lower side when abnormal water increases and the downstream side is the upper side. Rotating wheels 557... Are provided at both ends, and a circulating strip 558 is provided so as to be freely circulated by these, and a trapping material 559 such as a coarse mesh is horizontally placed between them, and the suspended matter is scooped up as shown in FIG. It is a thing. The circulating strip 558 may be capable of being forcibly rotated. In addition, a recovery pit 560 into which scooped-up items are brought can be provided on the downstream side of the apparatus, or can be configured to be removable from the river bank with a crane.

  81 and 82, the rotating wheel 563 has a vertical axis, and a trapping material 564 that also serves as a circulating strip is allowed to freely rotate or drive around a pair of the rotating wheels 563. It can be excluded from.

  83 and 84 show that the trapping material is not circulated but is fixed, and the suspended matter slides along the front surface to be recovered and removed. In other words, 568 is a fixed shaft at two points on the left and right sides, and the trapping guide material 569 is stretched between the two so as to form several steps in the vertical direction with a large inclination of about 45 degrees. As the guide material 569, a material having a slippery surface is suitable. A plurality of these guide materials 569 are passed up and down with a height H as a boundary to guide the suspended matter to the pit 570. What has been captured can be removed by a dust remover 571, a remover 572 such as a bucket crane, or the like.

  In addition, you may install in the riverbed the earth-and-sand guide jetty 573 which catches the flowing earth and sand and leaves it to the flowing force and guides it to the diagonally downstream side. Reference numeral 574 is an earth and sand stopper. In addition, a pair of rotating wheels 575 may be provided on the fixed shaft 568, and a circulating strip 576 may be hung around the rotating shaft 575, and a streamer 577 and advertisements may be attached to the circulating strip 576 for circulation. Further, as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 83, a pre-capturing guide material 578 is arranged in the previous stage of the trapping guide material 569, a large floating substance is trapped by the pre-capturing guide material 578, and fine floating is performed by the trapping guide material 569. An object may be captured (this may apply to other embodiments as well).

  FIG. 85 is made in order to protect the oil tank 580 from the tsunami attack. The tank 580 includes a plurality of piles 581 and a slackened protective rope material 582 on the tsunami attack expected side of the tank 580, and the tank 580. Similarly, a pile 581 and a slackened protective rope material 582 are surrounded so as to provide two-stage protection.

  86 and 87 show an embodiment in which a tsunami evacuation facility is constructed on the ground 701 through a concrete foundation 700. In this embodiment, 702 is a column, a round pipe, and a base flange 703 is anchor bolt 704. Are connected to the front side and the back side in FIG. The tsunami hits from the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 86. Assuming that, the front column 702 is the highest, the rear column 702 is slightly lower, and the rear column 702 is the lowest. is there.

  Reference numeral 705 denotes a horizontal connecting member, which is provided in such a manner that the columns 702 are connected to each other over the second floor portion and the third floor roof portion when the ground 701 is the first floor. A part of the second floor portion is a landing 706 with a handrail, and a first staircase 707 is provided from the concrete foundation 700 so as to serve as a stretching member. A second staircase 709 is provided from the landing 706 so as to communicate with the evacuation stage 708 on the roof. Reference numeral 710 is a stage handrail, and reference numeral 711 is a hoisting winch 712 that can be turned by a boarding / exiting gondola.

  Such an evacuation facility is used for an evacuee to evacuate from the first staircase 707 to the evacuation stage 708 via the second staircase 709 from the first staircase 707 when learning of the tsunami attack. When an elderly person cannot use the stairs, he / she is placed on the boarding / exiting gondola 711 and evacuated from the top with a hoisting winch (manual or electric) 712. The gondola 711 is large enough to accommodate a wheelchair. A plurality of gondola 711 may be provided.

  Depending on the height of the tsunami, a higher tsunami may be pushed on the evacuation stage 708. In such an area, a rigid container 714 having a door 713 on the back is fixedly installed in front of the stage as shown in FIG. If it does, it will function as a tsunami avoidance, and children and elderly people who evacuate will be secured more safely. As shown in FIG. 87, the container 714 is positioned from four points on the front and rear sides by a column 702. If a cushioning material is interposed between the support column 702 and the container 714, the evacuees can be protected more safely from the tsunami. The container 714 may also be arranged on the rear part of the stage 708 to counter the return flow against the tsunami from the X direction. And when the container 714 is arrange | positioned back and forth, these can be tied with a connection material. Note that, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 87, the tsunami X may be distributed to the left and right by using a container 714 ′ having a mountain shape on the tsunami invasion side. If the tip is round-convex as shown in FIG. 88, the resistance is lessened, and a cushioning material may be attached to the front surface of the mountain. In addition, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 86, the tsunami X may escape upward by using a container 715 whose front surface is inclined obliquely downward. You may combine this container 715 with the front chevron shown by the virtual line of FIG.

  Reference numeral 716 denotes a central buffer post, and 717 is a pair of left and right side buffer posts. A central buffer support 716 is located in front of the center of the width of the facility, and a side buffer supply 717 is disposed slightly behind it, forming a triangle. These struts 716 and 717 may be either concrete or steel pipe. In this embodiment, the bases of the columns 716 and 717 are vertically installed by being integrated or connected to three overhang members 718 that are simultaneously embedded in the concrete foundation 700 and horizontally extended forward. The overhang material 718 may be connected to the anchor bolt 704 of the facility. In addition, a concrete heavy stone 719 that is inclined backward is inclined in the plane exclusive area formed by the three columns 717 and 718 and the column 702. Because of this structure, for example, when a high tsunami hits the front of a facility as indicated by an arrow X in the upper part of FIG. 86, the concrete foundation 700 not only resists but also overhangs 718 and columns. Since 717, 718, concrete weight 719, etc. resist comprehensively, there is no possibility of floating. In addition, since the front surface of the concrete heavy stone 719 is mountain-shaped, it has the effect | action which disperse | distributes the flow of the tsunami X to right and left.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 88, in order to escape a high tsunami to the right and left, and to reduce resistance, you may equip the tsunami cutting part 720 of the mountain shape fold through the right and left support | pillar 702. In this case, a round protrusion 721 may be provided at the tip in order to cut the tsunami without resistance. The round protrusion 721 may be configured in place of a round pipe like a virtual line. The upper lid reinforcing plate 722 may be strengthened. Further, a side protection plate 723 may be provided between the front and rear of the support column 702. As indicated by phantom lines, a large number of convex portions 724 projecting forward may be provided on the slope of the tsunami cut 720 to enhance the reinforcing effect and to obtain a dissipating action from the tsunami X.

  FIG. 89 shows an example of measures when a tsunami evacuation facility 728, which is a steel structure, is erected on a target ground with a slightly soft ground 727, and 729 is a concrete foundation (solid foundation). As shown in FIG. 90, it was created later in a dug hole 730 dug in advance. A bundle portion 731 is integrally formed on the foundation 729, and a base flange 733 provided at the lower end of the column 734 on the facility 728 side is fastened and fixed via an anchor bolt 732 extending from the bundle portion 731.

In this example, before the concrete foundation 729 is formed, the strut material 735 is driven from the inside of the hole 730 by the method shown in FIGS. 90 to 92 so that a part thereof protrudes into the hole 730. 736 is a dedicated driving tool for the driving.
The driving tool 736 includes an L-shaped frame 740 that can be fitted to the bottom surface and the vertical surface in the hole 730, and the height of the frame 740 can be adjusted by a manual (or hydraulic drive) jack 741. A hydraulic driving cylinder 743 capable of adjusting the vertical angle via a pedestal 742 projecting on 740 is provided, and the angle can be changed and fixed by operating the turnbuckle 744. Note that a jack 741 may also be provided on the surface of the gantry 740 that rises in an L shape. Reference numeral 745 denotes a hanging receiver (eye bolt). A push plate 747 is attached to the tip of the rod 746 from the driving cylinder 743.

  The striking member 735 is not a single long one, but is composed of a first driving rod 750 having a sharp leading bit at the tip and two common type second driving rods 751 at the rear thereof. All may be made common to the second driving rod 751, and the leading bit at the tip of the first driving rod 750 may be separately mounted by screwing or the like. The first and second driving rods 750 and 751 are each provided with a female screw 752 at the tail end, and a male screw 753 screwed into the female screw 752 is provided at the tip so that it can be successively added. It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 90, the dedicated driving tool 736 set in the hole 730 determines the angle of the driving cylinder 743 with the turnbuckle 744 and adjusts the height with the jacks 741. In this state, the first driving rod 750 is set in the driving cylinder 743 so that the tip is located at a predetermined driving position. Before that, a receiving plate 754 with a male screw is attached to the first driving rod 750. Screw on the tail end. The receiving plate 754 is applied to the push plate 747 of the driving cylinder 743 to drive the driving cylinder 743. The first driving cylinder 743 is driven like a virtual line as shown in FIG. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 92, the receiving plate 754 is removed, the same plate 754 is attached to the second driving rod 751, and the first driving rod 750 is screwed and driven in the same manner as described above.

  Next, the second driving rod 751 is added and driven repeatedly. A part of one strut material 735 obtained in this way is projected into the pit hole 730. These strut members 735 are also driven into other bottom corners of the hole 730 as shown in FIG. The planar position is shown in FIG.只 If there is a striking member 735 that has been driven first, it may be difficult to set the dedicated driving tool 736 when driving the other striking member 735. As for 735, the positional relationship is shifted from each other. However, as shown in FIG. 92, if the last second driving rod 751 is not screwed after the first driving rod 750 and one second driving rod 751 are driven, the construction space is secured. 93 can be driven in the same row. In this case, the rear corner portion of the gantry 740 is recessed or perforated so as not to hit the second driving rod 751.

  Then, in a state where a plurality of strut members 735 protrude into the hole 730, a concrete foundation 729 which is a solid foundation is placed in the hole 730, and the facility object 728 is built. In this way, a plurality of strut members 735 are integrally embedded in the concrete foundation 729, and the strut members 735 are extended in all directions into the soft ground 727. This prevents the facility object 728 from tilting. The striking material 735 can be any material such as concrete or metal pipe. In the above description, the three strut members 735 are connected, but only two or four or more straddles may be used.

  Reference numeral 755 denotes a water drain pipe that can drain water to the ground through the holes 756... When a liquefaction phenomenon occurs. The drainage pipe 755 lays the concrete foundation 729 and embeds it integrally. However, the concrete foundation 729 may be charged later while leaving a vertical hole. A plurality of the pipes 755 may be provided. In addition, as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 95 shows another dedicated driving tool 758. The driving tool 758 can be used to drive one long striking material 759 at a time, and the base 761 is set on the upper base 762 by setting the base 761 using the upper edge portion of the hole 760. Are equipped with a driving cylinder 763 and a turnbuckle 764. The cradle 762 may be rotatable.

  FIG. 96 includes a concrete first driving rod 767 having an umbrella part between the tip and the shaft, and a single strut member 769 is manufactured so that a metal splicing pipe 768 can be screwed to the rear part. It is what.

  In FIG. 97, a sharp plate 775 is integrated with the tip of a striking material 774 that is formed by joining a sheet pile 772 with a fastening tool 773 to align the grooves. After driving in, a method is shown in which one or a plurality of reinforcing bars 777 are inserted into the hollow hole 776 by using the internal space, and the raw concrete 778 is injected into the inside and solidified. It is a thing. By adding the weight of the other steel container 778 of the reinforcing bar 777, tilting and the like can be further suppressed. A box-type steel material may be used as the strut material 779 as shown in the lower right column.

  In FIG. 98, after hitting the striking material 782, high pressure water is ejected from the nozzle 783 provided near the tip of the striking material 782, and mud removed from the mud draining hole 784 is removed through the striking material 782, and the virtual line A A ball hole 785 is formed in the hole 805, and concrete is placed in the hole 785 so as to prevent the facility from falling down as a strut material 782 with a bulb even in soft ground.

  In FIG. 99, a plurality of through holes 788 for driving are simultaneously opened at the time of placing the concrete foundation 787, and later, as shown in FIG. 100, a plurality of strut members 789 are directed in all directions into the ground 790. A method of oblique driving is shown. In this case, the frame 794 of the dedicated driving tool 793 provided with the driving cylinder 792 is driven using the anchor bolt 795 integrated at the same time as it is.

In FIG. 101, a bracket 801 is protruded from a column 800 of a tsunami evacuation facility 799 fixedly installed on a concrete foundation 798, and a striking cylinder 802 and a turnbuckle 803 are provided to drive a strut material 804 later. An embodiment is shown.
A support 805 is mounted around the support column 800, and a holding bracket 806 is mounted on the upper side of the support bracket 806 so that the rotation of the support bracket 806 can be adjusted. By driving the driving cylinder 807, the driving cylinder 807 can be driven in multiple directions. The receiving tool 805, the bracket 806, the cylinder 807, and the like can be further driven by replacing them with other columns.
The hitting leg member 804 after being driven can effectively prevent the tsunami evacuation facility 799 from falling if the auxiliary hitting leg member 808 is added and connected to the bracket 809 on the column 800 side.

  FIG. 102 shows a method of preventing collapse by letting the tip side of the strut material 814... Extending from the foundation 813 of the tsunami evacuation facility 812 to the bottom of other buildings such as the building 815 and the stone wall 816.

  103 to 105, for example, a sheet pile 819 is used as a mating die, and an inclined plate 820 is provided at the tip thereof. After these sheet piles 819 are driven, a jack 821 inserted therein is used to open the mouth as shown in FIG. At the same time, concrete is placed inside to make it heavy so as to eliminate the possibility of collapse of the facility. Only the front end portion of the sheet pile 819 may be opened and closed by the mouth hinge 824 and may be opened by the jack 821.

  Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 106, the grooved steel 823 is made into a mating die, and one of them is made into a deep groove so that the concrete does not leak to the side.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 107 to 112 is for solving the phenomenon that the manhole 900 buried in the ground protrudes from the ground (including the case where a pavement layer is formed on the ground surface) 901 due to the impact of the earthquake. It was made.

  The manhole 900 is made of concrete consisting of a cover 902, a cover metal 903, an upper restrictor block 904, an extension pipe 905, an upright pipe 906, and a bottom plate 907 from above, and an inflow pipe 908 is provided on one side thereof. In addition, an outflow pipe 909 is connected to the other side, and steps 910 for maintenance are provided. In the following embodiments, such a detailed structure may be omitted. In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 107 and the following, the specified type of manhole will be described, but the present invention is naturally applicable to other types of manholes.

  In the manhole 900, through holes 911 as shown in FIG. 107 are drilled through the peripheral body portion of the upright pipe 906, and these through holes 911 are formed so as to have radial positions as shown in FIG. Through these through holes 911, striking members 912 are respectively driven horizontally from the manhole 900 toward the ground.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 112, the through holes 911 and 911 are opened symmetrically at intervals of 45 degrees in the circumferential direction of the manhole 900, but the through holes 911 are opened at appropriate positions other than the symmetrical position. be able to.
Further, in the same embodiment, all the strut members 912 are driven horizontally, but may be driven upward or downward, or may be driven in an appropriate direction such as horizontal and upward or downward.
Further, the strut material 912 of FIG. 112 is completely in the radial direction, but the angle may be shifted from the same direction.

Specifically, first, the lid 902 is opened and the driving machine 913 is mounted on the bottom of the manhole 900. The driving machine 913 includes an L-shaped frame 915 provided with a reinforcing member 914, and includes a hydraulic cylinder 916 at a rising portion of the frame 915, and a horizontal side at the tip of a rod 917 of the cylinder 916. A tail end holder 918 having a U-shape that can insert and remove the tail end portion of the strut material 912 from the direction is provided.
The gantry 915 may be provided with an adjuster for advancing and retracting the bottom plate and / or the rising plate.

  The striking member 912 has a sharp bit 920 and a leading bit 921 having a length of 80 to 120 cm formed in the shape of a round shaft or a round pipe as a first-stage member. A female screw 922 is formed at the tail end of the leading bit 921. 923 is a splicing bit, and the splicing bit 923 is a second or subsequent common member having a round shaft or a round pipe shape and having a length of 50 to 80 cm, and has a male screw 924 at the front end and a female screw 922 at the rear end. Have. An insertion hole 925 is formed in the middle of the joint bit 923 in the axial direction so that a rotation operation rod 926 shown in a perspective view in FIG. 108 can be inserted to rotate the screws 922 and 924 in a direction that does not loosen. .

  As shown in FIG. 107, the leading bit 921 is placed in a state where the tail end 920 is faced into the through hole 911 while the tail end is supported by the tail end holder 918 in the retracted position. The tail end holder 918 is advanced by the forward drive of the cylinder 916, and is pierced into the soil through the through hole 911. A pilot hole 927 as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 107 may be opened through the through hole 911. The hole 927 may be formed deeper than shown in FIG.

After the leading bit 921 is driven as shown in FIG. 108, a splicing bit 923 is prepared and the male screw 924 is screwed into the female screw 922 of the leading bit 921 to be spliced. At that time, the rotation operation rod 926 is passed through the insertion hole 925 and rotated, whereby the screwing is performed. Thereafter, the rotary operation rod 926 is removed.
In addition, after this screwing, the leading bit 921 and the joint bit 923 may be rotationally locked by a lock screw or a press-fit pin.
In the above embodiment, the leading bit 921 and the splicing bit 923 are screw-coupled, but may be coupled only by a press-fit pin or may be weld-coupled.

  As shown in FIG. 110, the splicing bits 923 are spliced in an appropriate number of stages and are placed one after another. As shown in FIG. 111, when the last splicing bit 923 is driven, the gap between the splicing bit 923 and the through hole 911 is sealed with a sealant 928.

111, a receiving plate 929 that can be screwed by rotation and fixed to the inner surface of the manhole 900 may be provided by using a female screw 922 of the splicing bit 923.
In the above embodiment, driving is performed by hydraulic drive. However, as shown in the upper right column diagram of FIG. 107, a male jack shaft 932 is combined with a female screw type main body 931 and a manual jack 934 that can be advanced and retracted by a manual bar 933 is provided. A driving machine may be used, and the hitting leg material 935 may have a peripheral spiral 936 and may be driven by screwing.
Also, as shown in the right column of FIG. 112, a cushioning material 938 made of rubber or a spring may be interposed in the middle of the striking material 912.

  FIG. 113 shows an embodiment in which a manhole 940 is separated into a lower main body 941 and an upper portion 942 so that the lower main body 941 does not act directly on the upper portion 942 even when it is lifted by receiving seismic energy from below. Show.

  The manhole 940 includes a bottom plate 943 and a lower body 941, and the upper portion 942 includes an inner cylinder 944 and an outer cylinder 945, and the outer cylinder 945 is equipped with a lid 946. In addition, an inflow pipe 947 and an outflow pipe 948 are connected to the lower main body 941.

  A seal 950 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower main body 941 so as to maintain a hermetic seal with the inner cylinder 944, and to allow movement when the lower main body 941 is pushed up from below as indicated by an arrow. It has become.

  Incidentally, the striking material 951 may be driven into the soil from the peripheral body portion of the upper portion 942 or the lower main body 941. Further, the bottom striking material 952 may be driven into the soil through the bottom plate 943 for sealing. In this case, a buffer material 953 may be provided in the middle of the bottom striking leg material 952, or a buffer chip 954... A mixed base stone 955 may be laid on the bottom side of the bottom plate 943 to perform a buffering action from below.

  Further, on the upper side of the outflow pipe 948 (or the inflow pipe 947), a rubber cushion pillow 957 is mounted as shown in a cross section in FIG. 114, and this buffer pillow 957 is driven into a relative position by excavation. It may be configured so that the manhole is prevented from being pulled out by absorbing the push-up force applied to the outflow pipe 948 after embedding by pressing with a pressing member 959 fixed horizontally between the hitting leg members 958.

  In FIGS. 115 and 116, a dewatering pipe 963 is constructed so as to vertically penetrate one side of the manhole 962, and water pressure and liquefied water from the bottom applied to the bottom of the manhole 962 are both discharged to the manhole 962. This is an embodiment in which the upward withdrawal is effectively prevented. The dewatering pipe 963 has a porous hole 964 for introduction on the lower peripheral surface, and is filled with sand (which may contain rubber chips) 965. As shown in FIG. 116, such a dewatering pipe 963 may be provided with a lower end facing the bottom of the manhole 962 or may be arranged like a dewatering pipe 963 at the right end.

  117 and 118 show another embodiment in which the removal of the manhole 967 is prevented by buffering, and a projecting peripheral portion 968 is integrally formed on the peripheral body portion of the manhole 967. FIG. Although the manhole 967 is newly installed, the projecting portion 968 may be separated from the manhole 967 and attached to an existing manhole like a block band. The block belt-shaped projecting portion 968 may be provided in a newly installed manhole.

  Note that the sand 969 on the upper side of the projecting portion 968 may be a mixture of a cushioning material such as rubber, regardless of whether the manhole is newly installed or the existing manhole is re-digged. Further, the buffer sand 969 may be configured on the upper slope of the manhole 967 or may be configured on the flange 970 attached to the manhole 967. You may combine these and the buffer sand of the manhole bottom.

  FIG. 119 shows another embodiment for preventing the manhole 973 from being pulled out. A weight 975 made of concrete, an iron ball, or the like is attached to the tip of a regulating member 974 made of rope, chain, iron rod, iron pipe, or the like. A plurality of sets are embedded in such a manner that one end is placed on the manhole 973 and the other end is in the soil. In order to increase the buffering effect, cushioning materials 976... Made of springs, rubber (such as tire chips), space balls, etc. may be laid on the bottom of the manhole to further increase the effect.

  120 and 121 show an embodiment of a special manhole 979 that buffers water pressure and liquefied water and prevents removal. A diffusion cone 981 having an inverted conical shape is provided on the bottom side of the bottom plate 980 of the manhole 979 to disperse the impact load from below in the outer diameter direction, and pebbles and rubber pieces are mixed under the cone 981. Buffer grains 982 are laid to reduce the impact itself. The water pressure, liquefied water, etc. transmitted through the buffer grains 982... And the cone 981 are drawn upward through the dewatering holes 983 that are passed up through the thickness of the manhole 979.

  The dewatering hole 983 communicates with the outer hole 984 opened in the manhole peripheral body portion or communicates with the inside from the inner hole 986 opened so as to be above the upper limit water level 985 so as to release water or liquefy. You may make it drain water. The dewatering hole 983 may be open downward as shown in the lower left column of FIG. 120, or may pass through the protruding portion 987 as shown in the upper part of FIG.

  122 and 123 are for a manhole 996 having an upper part 990 and a lower body 991, a lid 992 in the upper part 990, an inflow pipe 993 and an outflow pipe 994 in the lower body 991, and a step 995 in the inside. In particular, the lower main body 991 has a horizontal cylindrical shape, and its lower surface functions so as to dodge and disperse water pressure, earth pressure, etc. from below as indicated by arrows in FIG.

  The force from the bottom thus reduced balances with the resistance in the soil corresponding to the upper side of the cylindrical portion, so that the upper pulling force acting on the manhole 996 is extremely suppressed as a whole. The buffering means as described above can be combined corresponding to the lower and / or upper part of the lower main body 991, and it is also effective for buffering to form an uneven portion on the outer periphery. The uneven portion may be a separate attachment, or the attachment may be a buffer member.

  FIG. 124 shows another embodiment for evacuating impact pressure from below such as water pressure or earth pressure. A square-holed, straight-cylinder manhole 999 has a lid 1000 and a stamp 1001, and an inflow pipe 1002 at the bottom. And the outflow pipe 1003, in particular, the bottom shape is an isosceles trapezoidal shape as shown by the solid line in the right figure, and the impact force from the bottom is dissipated as indicated by the arrows. . In this case, considering the balance, the upper surface side may be trapezoidal as shown in the left figure, and the upper part may be cylindrical as shown in the right figure. The lower shape may be a quadrangular pyramid.

  125 and 126 show a manhole 1008 in which an upper thin upper portion 1006 and a horizontal cylindrical lower main body 1007 are combined, and includes a lid 1009, a step 1010, a hanging ring 1011,. Further, it has a shape that relaxes, and further, by providing a stabilizing base 1012 on the bottom side of the lower body 1007 and laying buffer means 1013 on the lower side thereof, buffering is effectively performed, In addition, a dewatering pipe 1014 with an introduction hole is passed outside the manhole in order to remove liquefied water and the like from below. In addition, striking members 1015 are placed from the lower main body 1007 to prevent the manhole 1008 from being removed. The middle of the dewatering pipe 1014 may be communicated with the manhole 1008.

  In FIG. 127, sand or dust etc. in the path from the inflow pipe 1018 to the outflow pipe 1019 stays in the manhole 1017 whose bottom surface is cylindrical or trapezoidal so that the impact from below is dispersed and relaxed. An embodiment in which the problem is prevented will be described.

  Specifically, a burying portion 1021 made of mortar, roncrete, or the like is formed inside the bottom of the lower main body 1020 and is buried up to the middle height of the inflow pipe 1018, and a curved passage 1022 is formed in the filling portion 1021. As shown by the arrows, the flow rate is limited to a flow path that does not pass through the inner corner, and the accumulation of dust and the like inside the vortex is generated while the flow velocity is increased.

FIG. 128 is about a new type of manhole 1025 whose lower part is hemispherical, and an embodiment in which the manhole 1025 is prevented from going over by being dissipated by dissipating shocking water pressure or earth pressure as indicated by an arrow. Show.
A part of the spherical portion may be expanded like an imaginary line to form an expanded shell portion 1027, and an outflow pipe 1026 may be connected via the same portion 1027 to smooth outflow of dust and the like without retention. it can.
Moreover, if the dewatering pipe 1028 of the pressurized water is buried so that the lower end faces the soil in the spherical outer region, the pressurized water along the spherical shape can be effectively induced as indicated by an arrow.

  FIG. 129 shows an additional proposal example. A pipe 1031 is embedded in a road or the like, but if the pipe 1031 is embedded in the soil in an exposed state, water accumulates around the pipe 1031. If it is frozen as it is, there is a high possibility that it will be damaged or pulled upward if an impact load such as water pressure or earth pressure due to an earthquake is applied from below.

  Therefore, as shown in the figure, the excavated pipe 1031 is not only protected from the icing phenomenon after being backfilled by being surrounded by a protective block 1032, but also has a structure that can withstand impact loads from below, and a buffer is provided on the bottom side. A paving stone 1034 containing a material 1033 is laid to alleviate the impact itself from below, and is further protected by a block 1033. Further, for liquefied water, a porous dewatering pipe 1035 extending from the bottom of the block 1032 to the ground. So that it can be removed.

  FIG. 130 is a similar countermeasure example, in which a porous dewatering pipe 1038 is erected up to the ground so as to pass through both sides of the excavated pipe 1037 and backfilled.

The top view which shows one Embodiment of the emergency protection apparatus of this invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of FIG. 1. The perspective view of the protective device which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The side cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The side sectional view showing other embodiments. The side sectional view showing other embodiments. The side sectional view showing other embodiments. The side sectional view showing other embodiments. The side sectional view showing other embodiments. The side sectional view showing other embodiments. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. (A) The perspective view before closing which shows other embodiment. (B) Perspective view after closing The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The rear view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows embodiment of FIG. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The left view which shows other embodiment. AA line sectional view of Drawing 30. FIG. 31 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 30. The left view which shows other embodiment. The CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The DD sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The left view which shows other embodiment. The top view of FIG. 38 which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. EE sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FF sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The front view which shows embodiment which attached | subjected the covering material to the protective rope. The front view which shows other embodiment of a coating | covering material. The front view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. FIG. 47 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of FIG. 46. The top view of FIG. 49 which shows other embodiment. Front view of the evacuation tower. The GG sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The HH sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows the countermeasure example of volcanic gas. The MM sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of the case for purification | cleaning. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment of a volcanic jet gas countermeasure. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment of a volcanic jet gas countermeasure. The perspective view which shows other embodiment of a volcanic jet gas countermeasure. The cross-sectional perspective view which shows the example covered around a crater. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of a volcanic jet gas countermeasure. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows the example of a countermeasure at the time of tsunami attack. The perspective view which shows the other example of a countermeasure at the time of tsunami attack. The top view which shows the rescue method in a river. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. The perspective view which shows the example for protecting the destruction of a river, etc. The enlarged front view of FIG. The front view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows other embodiment. The top view which shows other embodiment. The side view of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment. FIG. 84 is a sectional view taken along line NN in FIG. 83. The perspective view which shows embodiment for protecting an oil tank from a tsunami attack. The side view of the tsunami evacuation facility thing which shows other embodiment. FIG. 89 is a plan view of FIG. 86. The perspective view which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the soft ground countermeasure example. FIG. 90 is a construction explanatory diagram of FIG. FIG. 90 is a construction explanatory diagram of FIG. FIG. 90 is a construction explanatory diagram of FIG. The top view which shows the construction example of a hitting material. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows another hitting material. Explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the construction example of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows other embodiment. The side view which shows other embodiment. 103 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 103. FIG. FIG. 104 is an operation explanatory diagram of FIG. 103. The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. FIG. 108 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction procedure for adding a joint bit to a preceding bit in the embodiment of FIG. 107. FIG. 108 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction procedure for driving a joint bit and a preceding bit in the embodiment of FIG. 107. FIG. 108 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction procedure for placing a strut material through the next joint bit in the embodiment of FIG. 107. FIG. 108 is a cross-sectional view showing a procedure for performing sealing after the placement is completed in the embodiment of FIG. 107; The cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows a mode that the strut material was radiated | radiated radially from the manhole. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. MM line sectional drawing of FIG. 116 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 115 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 115. FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. 117 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 117. FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment. The SS sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The QQ sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 123 which shows other embodiment. FIG. 122 is a cross-sectional view taken along line P-P in FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal section side view showing other embodiments. RR sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The principal part perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows other embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the additional example of a proposal. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the additional other proposal example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Levee 8 1st receiving material 14 2nd receiving material 16 3rd receiving material 88 Seawall 90 Seawall 91 Auxiliary protection means

Claims (2)

  An emergency protection system that is fixedly installed in a sea area, river area, land, etc. and that functions for tsunamis, storm surges, etc., and auxiliary protection means that protrudes upward from the main body. Protective device.   Opened and closed separately from the tide door in front of or behind a tide wall with an open / close type tide door that is fixedly installed in the sea area, river area, land, etc., and is designed to function for tsunami and storm surge. An emergency protective device with auxiliary protective means added.

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