JP2013087767A - Structure for installing wind power generation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for installing wind power generation equipment, the structure in which a structural part for installing the wind power generation equipment is effectively utilized for evacuation from a state of emergency such as tsunami and flood and thereby has improved availability.SOLUTION: The structure for installing the wind power generation equipment includes: a support column that is vertically arranged on a ground; an evacuation part that is disposed on an upper part of the support column; and a climbing means that allows a user thereof to evacuate to the evacuation part. The structure is adapted to install the wind power generation equipment at an upper part thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure for installing a wind power generation facility.

  For example, it is preferable that a wind power generation facility having a blade rotating around the horizontal axis or the vertical axis is installed at a high place because wind power is well received.

  JP2007-77889A

  As a method of installing a wind power generation facility at a high place, there is one described in Patent Document 1. This is a cylindrical tower structure erected from the ground, and wind power generation equipment is installed at the upper end. However, this cylindrical tower structure has no other useful function other than the role of installing the wind power generation facility at a high place and the role of guiding the generated power to the ground. In view of the fact that the tower structure has a high bending angle and is strong, its usefulness is demanded.

  The present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and the structural portion for installing wind power generation facilities is effectively used for evacuation from an emergency such as a tsunami or a flood to increase its usefulness. An object is to provide a structure for installing a wind power generation facility.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 includes a column that is erected on the ground, an evacuation unit that is provided above the column, and climbing means that can evacuate to the evacuation unit. It is a structure with which wind power generation equipment is installed on the top.

  As described above, the present invention is a structure including a support column erected on the ground, an evacuation unit provided at the upper part of the support column, and climbing means that can evacuate to the evacuation unit, and wind power is provided above the structure. Since the power generation facilities are installed, the structural parts for the installation of wind power generation facilities are effectively used for evacuation from emergency situations such as tsunamis and floods. An installation structure can be provided.

The side view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment of a foundation block. The top view which shows other embodiment. The front view of the tsunami evacuation facility which is another example of a proposal. Explanatory drawing which shows the emergency opening control method of the emergency door of the evacuation facility. The top view of FIG. 9 which shows another proposal example. The side view of FIG. The top view which shows the other example of a proposal. The top view of FIG. 12 which shows another proposal example. The front view of FIG. The top view of FIG. 14 which shows another proposal example. The side view of FIG. The principal part enlarged view of FIG. The side view which shows the other example of a proposal. The principal part top view of FIG. The principal part expanded horizontal sectional view of FIG. The front view which shows the other example of a proposal. The front view which shows the other example of a proposal. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of a proposal. The front view which shows the other example of a proposal. FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The BB line expanded sectional view of FIG. FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 26 showing another proposed example. The front view of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the other example of a proposal. The cross-sectional enlarged view of the raising / lowering guide part of FIG. The top view which shows embodiment of the stilt-type apartment house system, such as tsunami-resistant and flood. The side view of the facility of FIG. The front view of the facility of FIG. The front view which shows the reinforcement method of a housing part. The front view which shows the example of a proposal about a roof protection structure. The top view which shows the housing arrangement | sequence system of a stilt-type housing equipment system. The top view of FIG. 36 which shows other embodiment of a stilt-type house equipment system. The side view of FIG. The top view of FIG. 38 which shows other embodiment of a stilt-type house equipment system. The side view of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment of a stilt-type house equipment system. The top view which shows other embodiment of a stilt-type house equipment system. The top view of FIG. 42 which shows other embodiment of a stilt-type house equipment system. The side view of FIG. The top view which shows other embodiment of a stilt-type house equipment system.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Each plan described in each embodiment can be applied to other embodiments.
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 is an installation base, and the base 1 is intended for a general flat land near the seawall 2 where a tsunami may strike. However, the installation base 1 may be a flat ground or a hill far from the coast. The installation base 1 may be a natural soil ground or a concrete plate or a metal plate. The buildings, which are the houses shown in the figures, may be existing or new, and may be wooden or steel. Includes reinforced concrete.

  Reference numeral 3 denotes a basic block, which is embedded with a depth of about 2 to 3 m so that a plurality of blocks, such as four, correspond to the apex position of the square. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 4, the basic block 3 can be made to be a more stable block by being greatly extended outward.

  The base block 3 is integrally embedded and fixed to a base portion of a support column 5 that is a main member of the installation structure 4, and the support column 5 extends in a quadrangular pyramid shape that is constricted upward. The column 5 is made of angle steel, a cross, or a round or square steel pipe system (hollow type, concrete filled type, TP type, etc.). These struts 5 are connected to each other in a plurality of stages by horizontal beams 6 that are connected so as to form a rectangular shape in plan view. The in-plane formed by the columns 5 and the cross beams 6 may be reinforced with diagonal materials.

  An evacuation unit 7 is formed through a cross beam 6 at a height of about 12 m from the base 1 of the column 5. The evacuation part 7 is erected on the outer periphery of a square frame-shaped bottom frame 8 that forms the outer periphery of the horizontal beam 6, an evacuation stage plate 9 laid on the entire surface formed by the horizontal beam 6, the bottom frame 8, and the like. And a protective mesh 10.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a passage opening opened in the evacuation stage plate 9. The base is fixed to an anchor block 13 embedded and fixed in the installation base 1, and an evacuation ladder (ascending / descending means) 14 extending upward between adjacent columns 5 and 5. A handrail 15 is also provided so that the upper end of the door faces the opening 12 and can be transferred onto the evacuation unit 7. The evacuation ladder 14 is arranged on the back side when viewed from the coast side. However, as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 1, the evacuation ladder 14 may be provided on another elevation surface, for example, the side 14A or the side surface 14B facing the coast. Good.
Moreover, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 1, the ascending / descending means may be constituted by an evacuation ladder 17A that communicates with the relay evacuation unit 17 and an evacuation ladder 17B that communicates from the evacuation unit 17 to the evacuation unit 7.
Furthermore, a slide 18 that can slide down from the relay evacuation unit 17 may be provided between the middle stage of the structure 4 and the installation base 1. The slide 18 also serves as a support for the structure.
Further, a buffer pile 21 supported by the foundation anchor 20 may be erected before and after the structure 4 and pulled between the upper portion and the structure by the checker 22.
Further, a secondary evacuation device 23 may be provided so that further evacuation can be performed from the evacuation unit 7 toward a secondary safety evacuation site such as a nearby mountain or hill or another installation structure.

  In such a structure 4, the support columns 5 extend upward from the evacuation unit 7, and an installation stage 26 with a handrail 25 is provided on the top of the support column 5. The climbing ladder 27 from the evacuation unit 7 can be climbed up and down. In addition, a vertical wind power generation facility 28 is installed through the stage 26. The wind power generation facility 28 may be of a horizontal axis type as disclosed in Patent Document 1 or other types. 29 is a lightning rod.

  FIG. 5 shows the power generated by the wind power generation facility 28 provided on the top of the installation structure 4, for example, as a traffic sign 32 installed on the side of the road 31 and other power supply. .

6 and 7 show other additional proposal examples. Reference numeral 80 is an installation base, 81 is a four-point support column, 82 is a middle horizontal beam, 83 is a ceiling beam, and 84 is an evacuation stage. Evacuees from the installation base 80 are evacuated to the evacuation stage 84 by stairs 85 The present invention relates to an emergency evacuation device A for tsunamis, floods and the like, and in particular, a self-contained automatic door opening / closing device for a door 86 installed for safety at the entrance of the stairs 85 of the evacuation device A It is an example of a proposal about. The door 86 may be either one that can be destroyed in an emergency or one that cannot be destroyed.
In this embodiment, the evacuation device A is arranged in a pair of left and right or a pair of front and rear with respect to the expected tsunami intrusion direction X, and a connecting bridge 87 is passed between them, so that there are many one or more steps (two steps, three steps, etc.). Although the number of people evacuation unit is increased, there is a case where only one (for example, the left evacuation device A) is used as an evacuation device. The receiving bridges of the connecting bridge 87 are cantilevered and connected to each other, but the evacuation devices A may be connected by a single receiving beam. In addition, although a pair of evacuation devices A are provided, it is also possible to connect three or four evacuation devices A with a connecting bridge 87 between them.
Furthermore, when deploying a plurality of evacuation devices A, as shown by phantom lines in the figure, the upper struts 88 are, for example, a pair of left and right in the figure as continuous pillars 81 or as separate pillars from the evacuation stage 84. The upper evacuation stage 89 is constructed by supporting two assemblages before and after (the number is not limited) and supporting them, and climbing means 85 such as stairs, slopes, escalators or elevators are provided between the evacuation stage 84 and the upper evacuation stage 89. The upper evacuation device B can also be configured by connecting with an oblique reinforcement purpose. In this case, the lower evacuation device A may be existing or newly installed. With the upper evacuation device B, it is possible to evacuate up to twice as high as the lower evacuation device A alone (the height magnification is not limited). The expected tsunami intrusion direction X is from left to right in FIG. 6 or from the front to the back. It may be an intermediate direction between these directions.
Further, as shown in the upper left of FIG. 6, the portion corresponding to the handrail in the evacuation stages 84 and 89 of the evacuation device A or B has a mesh member W extending obliquely outward to a height of 3 to 5 m (the numerical value is not limited). It may be possible to evacuate by further climbing from the tsunami / flood that strikes the evacuation stage 84, 89 or higher. In this case, the net-like member W is stretched by using a strong outer support a that can resist a tsunami. Moreover, the support | pillar 81 can be extended up and the outer support | pillar a can also be supported by the stay b. The outer struts a can be reinforced with a lateral connecting material.

The solar battery panel 90 is installed on the evacuation device or at a position where it is easily exposed to sunlight outside the device. The output (generated power) of the solar cell panel 90 is connected to the input of the charge controller 91. In this device, the battery 92 connected to the input power of the panel 90 is charged and connected as an output to the device. The fully charged state of the battery 92 is monitored, and heavy electricity is interrupted to prevent the battery 92 from being damaged. The overdischarge of the battery 92 is monitored, and the discharge is interrupted to prevent the battery 92 from being damaged. Since only one 12V battery 92 can be charged because the panel 90 is a single sheet, 24V is produced by a converter 93 in order to obtain 24V used for output. A P wave sensor 94 is provided for earthquake detection. A P wave sensor 94 is installed at a position close to the ground to detect a P wave (initial tremor before the mainshock comes). The detection level can be set in two steps with acceleration gal. At the time of detection, the contact is turned on to the outside and a signal is output, and this signal is connected to the controller 95. Even after the P-wave sensor 94 detects an earthquake, it is necessary to continue alarming and to keep the door 86 open, so a sequence is used. The controller 95 turns on earthquake detection with the output of the P-wave sensor 94 with a state maintaining relay, etc., operates the rotating lamp 96 and alarm 97, opens and closes the door 86 and turns it off after a fixed time ON. To do. It is assumed that intelligence is given to the setting of the operation interval of the revolving light 96 and the alarm device 97, the time setting of the door opening / closing time, and the like. In addition, a sequencer is adopted so that functions can be added or modified after design.
This system is also applied to doors provided at evacuation entrances on highways such as high speeds.

Figures 8 and 9 show other examples of evacuation facilities for emergencies such as tsunamis and floods. In particular, people who cannot use stairs can be evacuated safely and reliably at the evacuation stage. .
Reference numeral 100 denotes an installation base, and four support pillars 101 are erected at a predetermined location via a concrete base (not shown), and the support pillars 101 are connected by a horizontal connecting member 102. The support column 101 is a round or square metal cylinder having a height of about 10 m to 12 m. A connecting member 102 is provided between upper ends of the supporting column 101 and an outer frame 103 connected to the connecting member 102 is provided. ing. An evacuation stage 104 is laid by the connecting material 102, the outer frame 103, and the like. Reference numeral 105 denotes an outer peripheral main handrail. 106 is a staircase for evacuating to the evacuation stage 104. The pillars 101 and the horizontal connecting members 102 may be made of other materials such as wood or concrete in addition to metal, and the number of pillars 101 is not limited to one, two, three, etc. The same can be said for the embodiment). Although the evacuation stage 104 is provided on the top floor, it can also be installed on the premises plane surrounded by the connecting material 102 below it and further on the premises plane on the lower floor.

  X indicates a tsunami invasion direction in the area where the evacuation facility is installed in a direction from the left side to the right side in FIGS. 8 and 9. This direction X is, for example, from the lower side of FIG. Any direction may be used. In this embodiment, the illustrated arrow X is assumed to be the assumed direction. Hereinafter, the left side of FIGS. 8 and 9 is the front side, and the right side is the rear side.

  An auxiliary foundation 108 is embedded in the installation base 100 on the front side of the evacuation facility so as to be positioned at the center of the width of the evacuation facility, and an installation base plate 109 is fixed via the foundation 108. On the other hand, on the front side of the evacuation stage 104, an auxiliary stand 110 protrudes symmetrically, and an evacuation receiving plate 111 is laid on each of them, and an auxiliary handrail 112 is provided as appropriate. The evacuation receiving plate 111 may be wide so as to fit the left and right ends of the evacuation stage 104.

  On the front side of the evacuation stage 104, a pair of left and right upper receiving bases 114 are erected, and a pair of guide rails 115 are fixed so that the upper receiving base 114 serves as a support for the upper end and the lower end base is fixed on the installation base plate 109. It is set up. The guide rail 115 is elastically supported by the upper pedestal 114 and is also supported on an elastic shaft by a middle pedestal 116 and a lower pedestal 117 protruding from the evacuation facility and the installation base 100 side, respectively. ing. This is to prevent the impact load that would be applied to the guide rail 115 from being applied to the evacuation facility. However, the guide rail 115 may be connected to the evacuation facility without elasticity.

  The guide rail 115 is grooved steel, and the distance between the pair is as wide as about 2 to 3 m. The guide rail 115 is supported by a side triangular frame receiving frame 119 so as to be guided up and down via a roller 118. Is attached, and an evacuation lift 120 is provided through the receiving frame 119 so as to move up and down while always standing upright. The guide rail 115 may be a monorail guide rail 115 ′ as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.

  Reference numeral 122 denotes a rack, which engages with a pinion (not shown) that is rotationally driven by a deceleration drive type drive source provided on the evacuation lift 120 side to raise and lower the evacuation lift 120. As shown in FIG. 9, the evacuation lift 120 reciprocates between a state where it stands on the installation base plate 109 and a state where it climbs up to a notch formed by the evacuation stage 104 and the evacuation receiving plate 111. The control is performed while confirming safety by operating a manual button on a control panel (not shown). Reference numeral 123 denotes a boarding step that allows the passenger to safely get inside the evacuation lift 120 through the first entrance / exit door 124 opened on the installation base plate 109. A tsunami splash guide 125 is formed in a bent plate shape by a metal plate, a rubber plate, a resin plate or the like, and is provided on the bottom surface of the evacuation lift 120. A second entry / exit door 126 is provided on the rear surface of the evacuation lift 120 and is opened when the lift 120 climbs up to the height of the evacuation stage 104 so as to be able to descend onto the stage 104. 127 is a handrail door.

In addition, emergency staircases 130 with handrails are provided along the guide rail 115 on one or both of the left and right sides. The emergency staircases 130 can be climbed as emergency from the installation base 100, and the evacuation lift 120 is emergency. It is also used when a passenger in the evacuation lift 120 opens the side door 131 and urgently evacuates when stopped. After climbing this emergency staircase 130, it is possible to evacuate from the evacuation receiving plate 111 to the evacuation stage 104.
The evacuation lift 120 is lifted and lowered by a pinion / rack type. However, a crawler belt such as a chain or a rope may be hung on the upper and lower sprockets and lifted / lowered by an electric power source or a manual winch type. .
Further, the guide rail 115 may be supported by a lateral oblique reinforcing member 132 as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.
In addition, a buffer pile 133 that catches tsunami currents such as ships and houses may be erected in front of the evacuation facility.
Further, the evacuation lift devices such as the guide rail 115 and the evacuation lift 120 may be provided through other surfaces of the evacuation facility as shown by phantom lines in FIG. Further, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 9, the evacuation lift device such as the guide rail 115 may be arranged so as to penetrate the evacuation stage 104 through the internal space of the evacuation facility. The guide rail 115 may be a vertical type.
The evacuation lift device is not only driven by a power grid but also prepared for a power outage during an emergency such as an earthquake or flood. The off-grid is configured by combining a solar panel installed on the evacuation stage 104 and the like and a battery management system such as a storage battery / smart meter. Instead of or in combination with the off-grid method, a combination method of an engine and a speed reducer or a driving method using a water tank and a water pump installed on the roof can be adopted. These drive systems have a drive source. However, the evacuation lift 120 can be moved up and down by a manual winch system by switching from the drive source. The safety device for the evacuation lift device is equipped with a fall prevention device and comprises a door switch, electromagnetic brake, limit switch, buffer spring, and the like. When the buffer spring and the tsunami splash avoidance guide 125 are provided together, even if the evacuation lift 120 falls for some reason, it can be buffered and stopped very effectively.
The above can be similarly applied to other embodiments of a lift device in an evacuation facility.

  FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which a similar evacuation lift device is configured for a rectangular evacuation stage 104 having, for example, a six-pillar 101... Type other than the four-pillar type shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. Since the lift device is provided for the long side of the rectangle, the guide rail 115 effectively suppresses the shaking in the short direction. However, the guide rail 115 may be provided on the long side. Further, guide rails 115 can be provided on both the long side and the short side to suppress the shaking of the earthquake from any direction.

  11 and 12 show an embodiment in which an evacuation lift device is configured for a building 137. FIG. Reference numeral 138 denotes a pair of left and right guide rails, which may be of a monorail type, and the guide rail 138 is erected on the narrow side where shaking due to an earthquake is large as shown in FIG. A pair of guide rails 138 may be provided as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. Reference numeral 139 denotes an installation base plate, 140 denotes a lower receiving base having a buffering function, 141 denotes an upper buffering part, 142 denotes an evacuation lift, 143 denotes an elevating driving device that is a hoisting electric winch with an automatic braking device, and 144 denotes a buffering pile. .

  FIGS. 13 to 15 show that the stairs 151 are difficult to use for evacuation facilities such as a tsunami that is a steel structure type that includes a plurality of columns 148... In the evacuation lift device configured for a person, the guide rail 152 of the evacuation lift device is a vertical type. Reference numeral 153 denotes a main handrail.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the guide rail 152 is a single piece of grooved steel, and a receiving column 155 made of the same grooved steel is combined in parallel with the guard rail 152 via a connecting member 154. The guard rails 152 and the receiving pillars 155 have their seat plates 156 fixed to the ground, while their upper ends are attached to the stage frame 158 of the evacuation stage 150 via brackets 157 provided on the receiving pillars 154.

  A sprocket 160 is provided above and below the guide rail 152 and the receiving column 155 via a connecting material 154, and a chain 161 is hung between the sprockets 160. As shown in FIG. 13, the upper sprocket 160 is driven in the forward and reverse directions by an elevating drive device 162 that is a motor with a speed reducer. The elevating drive device 162 may be driven by the off-grid. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, it may be driven by a manual winch device 163.

  The evacuation lift 166 can be moved up and down on the guide rail 152 through rollers 165... Provided on the roller bracket 164 protruding from the evacuation lift 166. A follower bracket 167 protrudes from the evacuation lift 166 as shown in FIG. 15, and a pin 168 provided in the bracket 167 is connected to the middle of the chain 161 so as to be freely raised and lowered.

The evacuation lift 166 is provided with a passenger door 169 so that it can be entered from the side, and when it is lifted, it can be lowered onto the auxiliary stage 171 on the auxiliary table 170 by opening the passenger door 169. Yes. Reference numeral 172 denotes an auxiliary handrail, and reference numeral 173 denotes a fall buffer means such as a discarded tire or a spring. The fall buffer means may be water placed in a tank. A water absorbing sponge may be placed in the water.
The evacuation lift 166 may be provided with a door on the front side.
As shown in the left column of FIG. 14 and the right column of FIG. 15, the receiving column 155 may be omitted and only the guide rail 152 may be configured. In this case, a sprocket bracket 175 is provided above and below the guide rail 152, and a mounting bracket 176 is provided slightly above and below the structure so as to simplify the structure.
In FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, 159A is a tank structure that is a flat hollow body that floats as the water level of the tsunami rises on the floating stage, but the bottom of the stage plate has floating resin, floating concrete, It may be configured to be able to float by attaching wood such as thinned wood. The floating stage 159A is installed in the evacuation stage 150 and has a handrail 159B and its entrance 159C, and a person who has lifted the evacuation stage 150 using the stairs 151 can board the floating stage 159A as it is. In order to make the floating stage 159A float vertically, a hole is made in the vicinity of the center of the evacuation stage 150, and a vertical member 159D extending downward (around 8 to 12 m) from the bottom of the stage 159A extends through the hole. A guide 159E attached to the vicinity of the center of the frame of the evacuation stage 150 guides the vertical member 159D up and down. The guide 159E is preferably a square pipe or H steel so that the floating stage 159A does not rotate around the vertical axis during the float and rises straight and stably, and the vertical member 159D or the guide 159E rises smoothly. Can be provided with rollers 159F. Furthermore, the lower end of the guide 159E can function as a resistance member of the entire evacuation facility by being fixed on the installation base. For example, the guide 159E may be extended to about half the length of FIG. Good. The evacuation stage 150 may be provided with a water passage hole so that the floating stage 159A can be lifted quickly and reliably. When such a floating stage 159A is used, it is possible to evacuate to an unexpected height (about twice) exceeding the height of the evacuation stage 150. The handrail 159B itself may be floated. The guide 159E can be composed of a plurality of guide rails erected on the evacuation stage 150.

  16 to 18, it is difficult to use the stairs 183 for an evacuation facility such as a tsunami that is a steel structure type that includes a plurality of columns 180, a horizontal connecting member 181, and an evacuation stage 182 and can be evacuated by the stairs 183. In the evacuation lift device for a person, the guide rail 184 of the evacuation lift device is a vertical type. Reference numeral 195 denotes a main handrail.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the guide rail 184 is made of one H-shaped steel, and a roller 186 on the side of the evacuation lift 185 can be moved up and down in the groove. Reference numeral 187 denotes a roller bracket that protrudes from the top and bottom of the back of the evacuation lift 185. The lower end of the guide rail 184 is attached to the seat plate 187 of the support column 180, while the upper part is attached to the bottom frame 188 of the evacuation stage 182. A part of the evacuation stage 182 is provided with an opening 189 (or one open notch) through which the evacuation lift 185 passes as shown in FIG. A suspension bracket 190 protrudes from the upper end of the guide rail 184, and a hoisting wire 192 is wound around a hoisting wheel 191 with a drive source provided on the bracket 190 to raise and lower the evacuation lift 185. The drive source includes a power grid utilization type and an independent charge drive type, and may be a manual winch type. Further, the evacuation lift 185 may adopt the pinion rack driving method. Reference numeral 193 denotes a passenger door, and this evacuation lift 185 is large so that as many people as possible (around 20 people) can board at one time. The evacuation lift 185 may be stopped at a stage below the evacuation stage 182 of the evacuation facility so as to be able to evacuate. Reference numeral 194 denotes a buffer means such as a rubber tire. Two guide rails 184 may be provided.

  FIG. 19 is intended for a person who cannot easily use the stairs 201 for an evacuation facility such as a tsunami, which is a steel structure type, provided with a plurality of support columns 198... In the evacuation lift device, the guide rails 202 of the evacuation lift device are vertically set in two. Reference numeral 203 denotes a main handrail.

  The guide rail 202 is provided such that the upper part is fixed to the bottom frame 204 and the lower end is also fixed on the ground so as to penetrate the plane of the evacuation stage 200 or to be located outside the plane of the stage 200. Wheels 205 are provided on the upper portions of the guide rails 202, respectively, and a drive source 206 is provided on one of the wheels 205, and two evacuation lifts 208 can be interlocked with each other via a drive line 207 such as a wire or a chain. If the evacuation lifts 208 are alternately raised and lowered, many people can be evacuated in a shorter time. In other words, it is possible to simultaneously enter the evacuation lift 208 that has descended and get off the evacuation lift 208 that has come up. In addition, as shown in the figure, the support column 198 may be structured to be joined up and down. In this case, the joining flange 210 has a through hole 211 for plating so that the upper and lower sides are one space. . Utilizing that one space, the inside is filled with compressed air from the air injection section 212, and it is connected to the air use port 213 at any time, such as in an emergency, for tool use or evacuation lift drive. It is also possible to do. Water or oil may be used instead of air. It is also possible to install a water tank 214 in the evacuation facility and use the water for driving an evacuation lift by a water pump and a water motor. The pump can be powered by solar power.

  FIG. 20 is a steel structure type evacuation facility such as a tsunami that includes a plurality of columns 218... Extended from a steel pipe pile 217, a lateral connecting member 219, and an evacuation stage 220 and can be evacuated by stairs 221. The pillar 218 is 20 to 30 meters long to make it a high steel structure, and the lower half is left as a steel structure that is not damaged by tsunami or flooding. As a result, even if the tsunami hits, the room components are not damaged.

Reference numeral 222 denotes an outer wall, 223 a solar panel, 224 a water tank, 225 an antenna, 226 a lightning rod, 227 a simple elevator, and 228 a protective tube. The protection pipe 228 is a pipe connecting the room component and the ground, and the power distribution cord a, gas pipe b, water supply pipe c, drainage pipe d, etc. are passed through the inside in a state where maintenance is possible. Reference numeral 229 denotes an oblique guide rail, and 230 denotes an evacuation lift. Reference numeral 231 denotes a lower reinforcing structure portion, and 232 denotes an emergency watertight garage.
Such a tsunami avoidance building (or condominium) can be constructed in a long and horizontal manner as indicated by a virtual line.

  FIG. 21 is proposed as a countermeasure against the possibility that a liquefaction phenomenon may occur and a great deal of damage may occur in a specific area where tsunami avoidance type buildings 235 and houses 236. That is, H1 is a liquefaction cause layer region in this region, and if there is an earthquake as it is, it causes liquefaction due to its moisture content and causes the houses 236. Therefore, a plurality of drainage pipes 237 are placed from the surface around the house 236 to reach the layer area H1, and the pipe 237 is made porous, and sediment particles are put into the pipe 237. The pump-up means 239 for filling the water 238 and extracting the water entering the pipe 237 is configured. Thereby, as time passes, the moisture contained in the layer region H1 gradually infiltrates and accumulates in the drainage pipe 237 through the pores, and is periodically extracted by the pump-up means 239. The moisture contained in the layer area H1 is removed, and as a result, liquefaction can be prevented even if an earthquake occurs. The pipe 237 can be a round or square pipe as shown in the figure, or can be formed by attaching a cover plate a or a perforated plate b to H steel.

22 to 24 show an earthquake / tsunami countermeasure plan for an existing or new house 242. 243 is the ground, 244 is the fabric foundation, 245 is the base, 246 is the first floor outer wall, and 247 is the inner pillar. 248 is a steel pipe pile, this pile 248 is embedded close to the foundation front side position of the house, and a main pillar 249 extending upward from the inside to the height of the first floor portion is erected. Between the main pillar 249 and the pile 248, a filler 250 such as mortar is put and fixed. A protective beam 251 is arranged in parallel vertically along the outer surface of the first floor portion, and an intermediate portion thereof is connected and fixed to the main pillar 249 through a central metal fitting 252. Side vertical columns 254 are connected to both ends of the protective beam 251 through end fittings 253, and the side vertical columns 254 are attached to the inner column 247 through corner fittings 255. Reference numeral 256 denotes a fixed angle, which is fixed to the fabric foundation 244 to fix the main pillar 249. 257 is a brace. The structure can be similarly constructed on other surfaces not shown. Further, the main pillar 249 can be arranged at a corner position of a house as shown by a virtual line in FIG. Further, a buffer pile 258 or an oblique counter column 259 may be provided corresponding to the assumed direction X side where the tsunami strikes.
The buffer pile 258 may be erected and fixed through two pipes of a metal pile receiver 260 welded and integrated into an H shape using thinned wood. Further, as shown in the upper left column of FIG. 23, a buffer pile may be formed by embedding and fixing a tie pile 262 made of thinned wood before and after a main pile 261 made of a metal circle or square pipe. Furthermore, as shown in the upper right of the figure, one buffer pile may be formed by inserting a mating pile 262 as a thinning material into a main pile 261 such as a circle. Further, as shown in the middle of the left column of FIG. 23, the main pile 261 is an H-shaped steel, and a laminated pile 262 made of thinned wood is embedded and fixed through a groove in front and back of the main pile 261 so as to be a buffer pile. Good. In this case, a front buffer material 258A made of an angle material that divides the tsunami flow X into left and right may be disposed in front of the buffer pile. Further, as shown in the lower part of the left column in FIG. 23, a metal angle member may be used as a main pile 261, and a laminated pile 262 made of a thinned material may be hung between the pair to form a buffer pile. These examples of buffer piles are also applied outside of tsunami evacuation facilities made of steel structures.

  FIG. 25 and FIG. 27 relate to a steel structure type tsunami evacuation facility, and the evacuation facility is composed of a low existing facility A and a high new facility B. The existing facility A has a column 263, a horizontal connecting member 264, an evacuation stage 265, and a staircase 266, and can be evacuated to the evacuation stage 265. The facility B is added as an example of a countermeasure when it is considered to be low due to the high review and there is a need to increase it. As a method of raising the facility A, a method of jacking up the facility A and adding a supplementary structure to the increased amount or adding a supplementary structure on the facility A can be considered. In addition to not being able to increase, there was a risk of weakening.

  This method is a method of adding and interconnecting a facility B which is similar to the facility A and is one size larger. That is, the facility B includes a support 268, a lateral connection member 269, and an evacuation stage 270, and an interconnection member 271 that connects the support columns 263 and 268. The stairs 266 are used, and a stairs 272 is added between the evacuation stage 265 and the evacuation stage 270. In addition to being able to provide a tsunami evacuation facility that is extremely resistant to earthquakes and tsunamis by having a double structure inside and outside in this way, the facility B exists on the outside when evacuating using the stairs 266. Protects against drifting objects such as ships and houses, and makes evacuation safe.

  FIGS. 27 and 28 are steel structure type evacuation facilities provided with a plurality of support columns 276, horizontal connecting members 277, an evacuation stage 278, and climbing means. Activating voice guides 281 are arranged for safety of evacuation. The voice guide 281 is turned on by catching a person who passes in front of it, and guides the destination in an emergency. You may also be able to provide guidance during normal times. The voice guide 281 has an arrow plate shape. An illumination lamp is provided near the voice guide 281.

In addition, 283 is a solar panel, 284 is a storage battery, and the escalator 285 which is a climbing means may be operated by the power of the storage battery 284. Reference numeral 286 denotes a staircase. Further, the evacuation lift 289 can be operated by rolling the roller 288 up and down on a rail 287 protruding from the corresponding surface of the support column 276 in the shape of a square cylinder. Reference numeral 290 denotes a driving source, and reference numeral 291 denotes a hoisting means that is driven forward and backward by the driving source 290. As shown in the right column of FIG. 28, the rail 287 may be two front and rear, and the roller 288 may move up and down between them.
In the lower right part of the evacuation facility in FIG. 27, a shock absorber 293 installed to oppose the expected tsunami invasion direction X is shown. The shock absorber 293 is integrally formed in a V shape with a vertical rear portion c, a bent portion b at the upper end thereof, and a front lower portion a, and the material thereof is a round or square pipe, an angle member, or an H-shaped steel. Etc. The front part a and the rear part c are embedded and fixed in the installation base, but the front part a may be provided with a front bending part d as shown by a broken line to prevent the lifting, and the front bending part d is further lifted. A floating restraining member 294 such as a horizontally-embedded embedded pipe or a wire or a link chain may be provided. Further, the rear part c may be connected so as to be pressed down from the top as indicated by an arrow P to a column base 296 for consolidating a plurality of foundation piles (SC or PHC piles) 295, and embedded integrally as indicated by a broken line. Also good. When the tsunami X acts, it hits the shock absorber 293 before the evacuation facility, and at that time, a load acts on the front part a, but the front part a is slanted, so that the rear part c becomes a pressing force. The pressing force P acts on the column base 296 as the foundation of the evacuation facility as a pressing force. As a result, the front pull-out force Z that occurs when the tsunami X subsequently acts on the structural body that is an evacuation facility is reduced. When fixing the support | pillar 276 of an evacuation facility with an independent concrete foundation or a solid foundation, the rear part c is opposingly arranged from above so that these foundations may be pushed down. Further, as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 27, the rear portion c and the support column 276 may be connected by a connecting member 297 so that a pressing force is applied. As shown in the lower right column of FIG. 27, the shock absorber 293 may be embedded in a V-shaped reverse form. e is a floating suppression part and f is a pressing part.

  FIG. 29 to FIG. 32 show examples of stilt type housing systems for measures against tsunamis, floods, storm surges, etc., which are installed in coastal areas where tsunamis strike, and subsequent plains and other areas where attacks are expected. Reference numeral 300 denotes an installation base. In this example, the base 300 is a coastal flat land through which the roadway 302 passes before the seawall 301, and the base 300 is provided with a concrete base. Reference numeral 303 denotes a support (steel pipe pile) for forming a raised floor, and a round or square pipe, an angle, a grooved steel, an H-shaped steel, etc. can be widely used. Here, it is a round pipe column 303. U is a high-floor unit, and a plurality of pairs of left and right columns 303 are arranged in the front and rear to form a total of eight columns 303.

  At the height of H (10 to 13 m) of these columns 303, the downstairs stage 304 is laid through an in-plane floor construction (not shown), and at the height of h above (about 3 m) Similarly, an installation stage 305 is laid through an in-plane floor structure (not shown). A staircase 307 is provided between the downstairs stage 304 and the installation stage 305 through a portion that does not obstruct the passage of the vehicle 306. In front of the unit U, a buffer pile 308 is fixed to be opposed to each other on the left and right sides to prevent drowning objects such as a ship from hitting the column 303 and the like. A reinforcing member 309 is provided between the buffer pile 308 and the unit U. In addition, a curved droplet receiving plate 310 is attached to the upper front surface of the unit U in order to prevent seawater droplets due to tsunami and storm surge.

  As shown in FIG. 30, a side wall 312 and a brace 313 are provided between the front and rear support columns 303 to reinforce, or a counter mesh 314 is stretched between the left and right support columns 303 as shown in FIG. May be. However, in this embodiment, the side walls 312, braces 313, mesh 314 and the like are not provided, and the space between the columns 303 is made as open as possible to make it easy for tsunamis and torrents to pass through.

  Houses 315... Are fixedly arranged on the installation stage 305 of the unit U. The house 315 may be a structure for the purpose of an office, a store, a factory, a warehouse, or the like, and the structure may be a wooden structure, a steel frame, a concrete structure, or the like. Furthermore, it is not necessary to construct them individually as shown in the figure, and may be a continuous type, for example, an apartment house or a condominium. In addition, two units on the left and right sides of the unit U are arranged here and connected between them by a rooftop road surface body 316 to form another large unit. On the front side of both units U, the installation base 300 and the rooftop road surface body are arranged in the normal time. An elevator tower 317 is provided for evacuating on the roof road surface 316 in the event of an emergency such as a tsunami attack. The elevator tower 317 has a mountain shape in the first half to be separated when a tsunami strikes. A semi-circle may be sufficient. A front buffer pile 318 may be erected on the seawall 301. The buffer pile 318 and the buffer pile 308 may be connected by a connecting beam 319.

  Furthermore, a slope 320 that connects between the installation base 300 and the downstairs stage 304 is provided around the outer periphery of both units U. This slope 320 is for climbing the vehicle 306 for people who live in the housing 315 installed in this unit during normal times, but in the event of an emergency such as a tsunami, the regular vehicle 306 from the roadway 302 is also climbed. It is possible. The slope 320 is provided with water passing portions 320a such as a mesh through which a tsunami flow passes and a horizontal rail over several stages. This water flow part 320a may be arranged in a staggered manner. The slope 320 includes an upper slope 321 and can be climbed up and down also on the roof road surface body 316. In FIG. 30, reference numeral 323 denotes an evacuation tower, which is provided with a lightning rod 324 and can be evacuated to another evacuation site by a secondary evacuation device 325. 326 is a water storage tank that can be used in an emergency. Reference numeral 311 denotes a sidewalk slope, which is provided on the side of the slope 320 in a form separated from the roadway slope by a handrail 311a.

  The slope 320 may be provided below the downstairs stage 304 as shown in FIG. In this case, the slope 320 is provided with a part or the entire surface of the water passing portion 320a to prevent tsunami. The slope 320 is provided so as to be lowered forward (sea side), but may be provided so as to be lowered rearward. In the case of being provided so as to be lowered rearward, if a water flow portion 320a is provided, a tsunami flow passes through and the vehicle 306 cannot climb, so a plate-like road surface is provided.

  In FIG. 32, the house 315 is installed on an installation stage 305 in which a base surface material 332 is laid on a girder floor structure 331, and the foundation foundation 333 of the house 315 is made of channel steel or a square pipe. A structure which is fixedly attached to the base surface material 332 or the girder floor structure 331, and which forms the pillar 334 and the girder member 335 via the base foundation 333, and which is not reinforced by the brace 336 and is provided with the outer wall 337. In this case, a buffer pile 338 is erected and fixed to an external corner of the house 315, and a reinforcing corner bracket 340 provided on an arm 339 extending from the buffer pile 338 is attached to the house 315 side to cause an earthquake / tsunami. It is a countermeasure. Note that the roof 343 equipped with the solar panel 342 may be covered with a protective mesh 344 as a measure against tsunami and storm surge. Further, as shown in FIG. 33, a pressing plate frame 346 made of a steel plate or resin may be provided to protect the solar panel 342 and the roof 343 from splashing.

  FIG. 34 shows a case where the downstairs stage 304 and the installation stage 305 are constructed via the high pillar 303 and the slope 320 and the buffer pile 308 are provided to prepare for an earthquake, tsunami, flood, storm surge, etc. Based on the high-floor type apartment building deployment system, the houses with high structural strength A ... are placed in the front and rear end rows where the push wave X and the pulling wave Y come. By deploying and protecting using the space between A, it is possible to construct housing equipment at a lower cost.

35 and 36 show a tsunami-resistant stilt-type house in which an installation stage 305 and a rooftop road surface body 316 are formed via a plurality of columns 303, and a plurality of houses 315 are fixedly arranged on the installation stage 305. In an equipment system (or sometimes called a tsunami-resistant high-floored house, tsunami-resistant high-floor house, or stilt-resistant tsunami-resistant house), the slope 320 is placed in a three-dimensional crossing relationship in the side X shape, and its lower end is the upper end of the installation base Are coupled to the openings of the rooftop road surface body 316 and the slopes 320 are supported by slope support legs 350. The slope 320 is made of a steel frame body or reinforced concrete having a groove-shaped cross section, and both the slopes 320 can be combined and strengthened.
Although the slope 320 is directed parallel to the tsunami attack direction X, the slope 320 may be oriented orthogonally.
The slope 320 may be bent in an L shape as viewed from above as indicated by a virtual line in FIG.
This tsunami-resistant stilt house equipment system may be configured as a tsunami / flood refuge facility without installing the houses 315. In this case, it includes not only for tsunami / flood evacuation but also for parking during normal times and for evacuation in case of emergency. The same applies to other embodiments.

  FIG. 37 and FIG. 38 show examples of a stilt type apartment house system for countermeasures against tsunami, flood, storm surge, etc. installed in a coastal area where a tsunami strikes, a subsequent plain or other areas where an attack is expected. Reference numeral 400 denotes an installation base. In front of the base 400 (on the left side of the figure), a seawall is provided and a coastal road passes in front of it. The installation base 400 is provided with a concrete foundation. 401 is a foundation pile such as a steel pipe, and a round or square pipe, an angle, a grooved steel, an H-shaped steel, etc. can be widely used. Here it is made of a round pipe. Reference numeral 402 denotes an adjustable joint which is embedded in the installation base 400 and serves as a base joint of the support column 403.

  U is a high-floor unit, and has columns 403... Arranged in the left and right rows, the center row, and the front and rear rows. The front row columns 403 are in a bow-like arrangement with one center, a plurality of pairs near the rear of both sides, and a pair of front ends on both sides. This is in order to prevent excessive loads from being applied to the structure by distributing them to the left and right even if dredged objects such as tsunami X and ships, large trees and oil tanks that flow along with the tsunami strike. In front of those on both sides of the front end of these columns 403, a buffer pile 404 is erected as a counter member for tsunami X and drowning material, and a reinforcing member 405 is assembled between the buffer pile 404 and the column 403. Yes. Reference numeral 406 denotes an elevator apparatus, and reference numeral 407 denotes a protection plate such as a splash. The protective plate 407 may be a solar panel device.

  The downstairs stage 410 is constructed via an in-plane floor construction (not shown) at the height of H1 (10 to 13 m) of the column 403, and installed at the height of H2 (around 3 m) above it. The stage 411 is similarly constructed via an in-plane floor construction (not shown). The downstairs stage 410 extends wider to the rear side than the installation stage 411 and serves as a relay path 412. This relay path 412 is a shared path, which is a connection path that follows the lower slope 413 that connects the first floor and the lower stage 410, and that reaches the upper slope 414 that connects the lower stage 410 and the 3F stage 411. It is also. 2F and 3F are provided with stairs through places that do not interfere with the passage and parking of the vehicle 415. Both the slopes 413 and 414 are located in the installation area of the support columns 403 in a plan view, but may be arranged outside the installation area.

  An installation object 416 such as a house is fixedly arranged on the installation stage 411 of the unit U. The installation object 416 may be a structure for the purpose of an office, a store, a factory, a warehouse, or the like, and the structure may be a wooden structure, a steel frame, a concrete structure, or the like. Furthermore, it is not necessary to be a single-family house as shown in the figure, and it may be a continuous type, for example, an apartment house or a condominium. In the case where the installation 416 is a residential facility such as a house or an apartment house, a generally provided underfloor ventilation opening is omitted, and the doorway and other windows are water-sealed. The installation object 416 is fixed to the installation stage 411 by providing a lower base as a metal, but depending on the height of the tsunami, the installation object 416 may float away from the installation stage 416. The installation object 416 lowers the center of gravity in preparation for the case where it can float. Furthermore, the installation object 416 may be fixed to a high level between the installation object 416 and the installation stage 416 via a supplementary leg (or an auxiliary mount) 417 to further improve safety against a tsunami.

FIG. 39 shows a two-house installation type, and FIG. 40 shows a three-house installation type.
41 and 42 show a four-door installation type, and FIG. 43 shows a six-door installation type. About these, it replaces with description by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol about the part of the same structure as FIG. 37 and FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Installation base 3 ... Base block 4 ... Installation structure 5 ... Post 6 ... Cross beam 7 ... Evacuation part 28 ... Wind-power-generation equipment.

Claims (1)

  It is a structure that has a column erected on the ground, an evacuation unit provided at the top of the column, and climbing means that can evacuate to the evacuation unit, and wind power generation equipment is installed on the structure The structure for installing wind power generation facilities.

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