JP6085861B2 - Manhole push-up prevention method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for preventing a manhole from being lifted and lifted.

  Manholes are generally buried and fixed in a vertical cylinder shape, and the bottom surface of the manhole is a horizontal plane in the ground, so if water pressure acts from below due to the liquefaction of the ground due to an earthquake, the manhole will rise above the ground surface. Often seen.

  JP 2006-183450 A

One method for preventing such push-up and floating is disclosed in Patent Document 1. The technique in the document 1 is to open a plurality of through holes in the peripheral body portion of an embedded manhole, and then place a strut material in the outer diameter direction from the inside of the manhole through these through holes to fix the manhole to the ground side. This is a method of trying to prevent thrusting and rising.
However, the manhole in the document 1 is basically embedded in a vertical cylinder as in the past, and the bottom surface has a horizontal plane, so that the floating action force such as vertical water pressure acting on the bottom surface and the clearance are eliminated. It is easy to come out with the same direction, and it is not possible to effectively prevent push-up and floating. Therefore, in the document 1, the arm that is the striking material is projected and dealt with. However, in the liquefied ground, the arm that is the striking material is effective as a lift control against extremely strong levitation force. There is a possibility that it cannot be pushed up and prevented from rising.
In addition, manholes that are embedded in such vertical cylinders and have a bottom surface in a horizontal plane are generally installed on the side of the roadway or in sidewalks. In this case, various problems such as not only hindering passing vehicles and pedestrians but also requiring full renovation after the fact. Further, if the manhole cover is on the roadway, when the cover is blown off due to an increase in internal pressure during heavy rain, vehicles and people fall into the manhole hole and cause various problems.

  The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problem, and by preventing the lift-up phenomenon, normal use facilities such as roadways and sidewalks can be used without danger, and the need for full rehabilitation after the fact is low. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing a manhole from rising and rising.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the roadway is located from a specific point on the ground surface on the sidewalk side in a facility having a ground including a sidewalk on the side of the roadway and the roadway. Straight with a bottom oblique tube with a bottom plate and an upper oblique tube with a lid concentrically around the oblique axis centered so as to be inclined downwardly downward A manhole housing having a cylindrical shape is embedded, and the bottom plate is embedded in a state perpendicular to the oblique axis and on the ground directly or through a foundation crushed stone parallel to the bottom plate. In order to divide the surface of the bottom slant pipe and the bottom surface of the bottom slab or the foundation crushed stone, the surface of the bottom slab can be separated from the ground surface. To do.

As described above, the present invention is set so as to be inclined downward from a specific point on the ground surface on the sidewalk side in a facility having a ground including a sidewalk on the side of the roadway and the roadway to the lower side of the roadway. A manhole housing having a straight cylindrical shape is embedded by a bottom oblique tube with a bottom plate and an upper oblique tube with a lid so as to be concentric around the oblique axis with respect to the oblique axis. A part of the surface that faces down on the outer periphery of the bottom slant pipe and is embedded in a state of being placed on the ground directly or through a ground crushed stone arranged in a plane parallel to the bottom plate in a shape perpendicular to the oblique axis The bottom surface or the bottom surface of the ground crushed stone is installed and constructed so as to divide the floating action force such as hydraulic pressure that works upward from the ground, so that the lifting phenomenon is prevented and damage / repair is prevented. necessary Floating preventing method upthrust of manholes so that safe use of such roadways and sidewalks accompanying floating is ensured with eliminating can provide.

  The top view of the manhole installation condition which shows one Embodiment of this invention corresponding to FIG.   II-II sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The top view which shows other embodiment.   VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment.   The top view of the manhole installation condition which shows other embodiment corresponding to FIG.   VIII-VIII sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   IX-IX sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The cross-sectional view which shows other embodiment.   The cross-sectional top view which shows other embodiment corresponding to the XI-XI line of FIG.   FIG. 12 is a side sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 11.   The cross-sectional top view which shows the example of an additional proposal corresponding to FIG.   The XIV-XIV sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The top view which shows the example of an additional proposal corresponding to FIG.   The front view of FIG.   The front view which shows the other example of a proposal.   The front view which shows the other example of a proposal.   The perspective view which shows the other example of a proposal.   FIG. 20 is a perspective view for explaining the operation of FIG. 19.   The top view which shows another proposal example corresponding to FIG.   The front view of FIG.   The perspective view which shows the other example of a proposal.   The cross-sectional top view which shows the other proposal example corresponding to the HH line of FIG.   The front view of FIG.   The principal part expanded sectional view of FIG.   The front view which shows the effect | action of the example of FIG.   The perspective view which shows the example of a proposal about a grip bar.   The side surface schematic diagram which shows the other example of a proposal about a holding bar.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Each technique described in each embodiment can be similarly applied to other embodiments related in this application. Moreover, in each embodiment, although the manhole housing | casing illustrated the thing containing a reinforcing bar, the thing made from plastics, such as an unstrained thing, a bicon manhole, and also a thermoplastic resin, can also be employ | adopted. In addition, as exemplified below, the manhole housing includes all of cross-sections of round shape, ellipse shape, square shape and other geometric shapes.
FIGS. 1 to 3 show the state after construction of manholes. In these drawings, 1 is a roadway, 2 is a sidewalk (or bicycle pedestrian road), 3 is a block block, 4 is a surface layer such as asphalt. And 5 are examples of the entire ground, and 6 is an example of an excavation hole for manhole embedding.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes an assembly-type round manhole housing, which is formed from the lower side in the order of the bottom inclined tube 8, the intermediate inclined tube 9, and the upper inclined tube 10 in the order of 45 ° obliquely through a sealing material (not shown). Connected with. The bottom oblique tube 8 is connected to a through pipe 12 (having an inlet side and an outlet side having different heights) 12 as a sewage main pipe through a packing 13. A bottom plate (bottom part) 14 has a round shape and is connected to the bottom inclined tube 8 via a sealing material. The bottom plate 14 has a bottom surface 14a orthogonal to the axis of the manhole housing 7, and the bottom surface 14a is set at 45 degrees. 16 is an invert, and 17 is a basic crushed stone (included at the bottom).

  On the other hand, a receiving frame 21 is attached to the upper side of the upper inclined tube 10 via an adjustment ring 19 and a mortar 20, and a lid 22 that is elliptical when viewed from above is attached to the receiving frame 21 so as to be openable and closable. The lid 22 is installed in the area of the sidewalk 2, while the lower part of the manhole housing 7 is positioned in the soil corresponding to the lower side of the roadway 1. In such a manhole housing 7, steps 23...

  The arrow A in FIG. 2 indicates the floating action force such as water pressure and vibration during liquefaction. Thus, the lift action force A is the bottom of the basic crushed stone 17 which is one of the bottom parts and the lower part of the manhole housing 7. Since it acts in an oblique direction in a divided manner along the surface (bottom surface), the manhole is prevented from protruding or rising. The arrow A shown on the left side of the manhole housing 7 in FIG. 2 indicates that since the manhole housing 7 has a round peripheral surface, the levitation action force A is further distributed along the peripheral surface, and the protruding force is attenuated. Will be.

  Further, even if the manhole protrudes upward, the protruding position is not on the roadway 1 but on the sidewalk 2, so that there is no possibility that the vehicle travels. Furthermore, even if the lid 22 blows off during a flood or the like, the manhole hole is on the sidewalk 2, so there is no fear that the vehicle will fall.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3A, if a long water-permeable material 25 for draining water is provided on the outer periphery of the manhole housing 7 so as to reach the side of the sidewalk 2, pressure water, muddy water, etc. Spills upward and the manhole protruding action is attenuated. The water-permeable material 25 is preferably a resin or metal strip formed in a three-dimensional network, crushed stone, or the like.
As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the water-permeable material 25 can be easily and reliably installed and has stability if it is loaded into the pipe 26 and attached to the manhole housing 7 by the mounting tool 27.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, the structure can be simplified so that the water-permeable material 25 can be loaded into the half cylinder 28 also serving as a mounting tool and mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the manhole housing 7 as it is.
Furthermore, as shown in the upper part of the left column of FIG. 2, if the water outlet 29 is opened around the manhole housing 7, pressure water or muddy water in the liquefaction phenomenon is entered into the manhole housing 7 along the way. Guided to drain water.
Further, as shown in the lower part of the left column in FIG. 2, the basic crushed stone 17 may be provided corresponding to the inclined peripheral side of the bottom inclined tube 8.
On the other hand, the basic crushed stone 17 on the bottom side of the bottom plate 14 may be omitted and installed directly on the ground surface.

4 and 5 show another embodiment. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the manhole housing 32 has a rectangular tube shape. In FIG. 5, a bottom plate 33 of a manhole housing 32 such as a rectangular tube shape or a round tube shape is integrally formed on an upper portion of a triangular base base 34. It is a concrete block having a through-hole 35 that is triangular and open at the bottom and back when viewed laterally from the back of the width. Since the bottom surface of the base 34 is formed in a horizontal plane, the basic crushed stone 37 is also a horizontal plate that can be easily constructed and can have a stable horizontal shape. The ground crushed stone 37 is provided with a water passage pipe 38 or a through hole so as to lead from the ground to the inside of the tunnel 35, so that pressurized water, muddy water, etc. escape in the oblique direction A through the bottom surface of the bottom plate 33 and escape upward. It is what I did. The pressurized water, muddy water, etc. also escape upward as indicated by the arrow A along the inclined surface of the manhole housing 32. As a result, the manhole housing 32 is separated by being separated into two large flows. It is possible to prevent pushing up and rising. In addition, a water-permeable material 36 may be provided in advance on the upper side of the passage 35 so as to prevent the passage 35 from being buried due to the burial work and difficult to flow of pressurized water or the like.
5 can be applied to other embodiments, for example, the embodiment of FIG. 2 or FIG.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the manhole housing 32 was made into the rectangular tube shape and the lower wall surface was horizontal, as shown in FIG. 6, two wall surfaces of a lower half part make V shape. By installing and constructing as described above, the levitation force can be further divided.

  7 to 9 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, a receiving frame 46 of a round or rectangular tube-shaped manhole housing 45 that is continuously constructed in the order of a bottom inclined tube 42, an intermediate inclined tube 43, and an upper inclined tube 44 through a bottom plate 41 that is installed in a slope shape below the roadway 1. Corresponding to the adjacent land 47 outside the sidewalk 2 and the cover frame 46 is provided with a lid 48 so that it can be freely opened and closed to constitute the entire manhole. By arranging the manhole cover 48, even if the manhole cover 48 is damaged and the manhole hole is opened, there is no possibility that a person walking on the sidewalk 2 falls into the manhole hole because it is not the sidewalk 2. .

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, if a guard device is constructed by passing guard handrails 51 around the manhole cover 48 via guard posts 50 at the four corners, the cover 48 will be damaged and the manhole will be damaged. Even if the hole has been opened, the presence of the guard device eliminates the possibility that the child or the like will fall accidentally. This guard device is provided with an open / close door as necessary. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, if a deodorizing device 53 equipped with activated carbon, a biological deodorizing device or the like is installed next to the inside of the manhole through the communication passage 54, contaminated air or odor generated from sewage, etc. By taking in and deodorizing and purifying it so that it can be discharged through the clean air discharge pipe 55, the surrounding environment can be preserved. Clean oxygen from the clean air discharge pipe 55 may be introduced into the original manhole.
Reference numeral 57 denotes a microorganism injecting device, which can decompose odors and sludge by allowing microorganisms to be introduced into the manhole through the injection path 58. From the injection path 58, oxygen may be simultaneously injected.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a step 60 is provided in the manhole housing 45, but if an upper grip 61 is provided on the inner periphery of the housing 45, the manhole housing 45 is inclined. Even so, you can climb safely and reliably.
Also, as shown in FIG. 10, if the step 63 in the tilted manhole housing 45 is provided separately on the left and right, there is no possibility that the person climbing will hit his head. Alternatively, the guide rail 64 may be disposed between these steps 63 so that the manhole can be climbed up and down via a boarding platform 65 that can travel to the guide rail 64.

  11 and 12 show another embodiment. In this embodiment, the manhole is installed in a circular manner in which a bottom wall-closed bottom inclined pipe 71, an upper and lower intermediate inclined pipe 72, and an upper inclined pipe 73 are installed in this order under the roadway 1 on an inclined axis. Alternatively, the receiving frame 75 of the rectangular tube-shaped manhole housing 74 is made to correspond to the adjacent land 76 outside the sidewalk 2 and the receiving frame 75 is equipped with a lid 77 that can be opened and closed. In addition, the manhole cover 77 is disposed in the adjacent land 76 further away from the sidewalk 2 so that the manhole cover 77 may be lost and the manhole hole may be opened, so that there is no risk of falling into the manhole hole. Is. 78 is a through pipe, and the necessary work is done from the manhole housing 74 through the through pipe 78, and people in such work and nearby people evacuate to a nearby high place evacuation device 80 in preparation for the tsunami attack. It is something that can be done.

  The evacuation device 80 is intended for a single home, and can be used when a tsunami strikes, when a flood occurs, and when a gust such as a tornado occurs. The evacuation device 80 is erected in a site within the adjacent site 76, and a housing is formed by a plurality of columns 81, a relay connection beam 82 and an upper connection beam 83 closer to the upper part. The support column 81 is made of a steel pipe, and is firmly erected and fixed by being fitted into the outer periphery of a plurality of foundation piles 85 placed on the ground 84 and embedded in the ground. As shown in the right column of FIG. 12, the support column 81 may use a concrete pole, which is a no-taper type power pole material that is arranged and centrifugally formed.

  A relay evacuation stage 86 and an upper evacuation stage 87 are installed on the upper surface of the relay connection beam 82 and the upper connection beam 83 in a plate-like manner. Reference numeral 88 denotes a first ascending / descending means for communicating between the ground and the relay evacuation stage 86. For example, as shown in the lower left column of FIG. 11, a slope type and a folding type should be adopted. It is designed so that people with weak disasters, such as those who need a wheelchair or those who have difficulty climbing, can climb without depending on the stairs. When there is a house 89 in the neighborhood, the second floor of the house 89 and the facility 80 may be connected by the first ascending / descending means 88. In this case, an elevator or an electric handrail using a handrail can be climbed to the second floor. Evacuation can be performed more safely and securely if an elevator or the like is provided to allow easy evacuation.

Between the relay evacuation stage 86 and the upper evacuation stage 87, a second ascending / descending means 91 which is a ladder and a third ascending / descending means 92 of a manual winch type or an electric elevator type are installed. 93 denotes a safety enclosure, 94 denotes a wind power generator, and the wind power generator 94 is used, for example, as a power source for gas and odor sensors used in a manhole, and for driving the third climbing means 92. Used. The third climbing means 92 can be driven by combining a solar power generation device or a storage battery (not shown).
Reference numeral 95 denotes a discharge pipe which guides odors and gases generated in the manhole to the upper side of the evacuation device 80, and may be provided with a deodorizing unit 96 at the upper end thereof. The column 81 can be a concrete pole (pile) that is a non-tapered utility pole.

FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show an additional proposal example, and this example shows a hybrid type evacuation device in which an altitude evacuation device 80 and an underground evacuation device 99 are mixed. The high place evacuation device 80 is substantially the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. The high place evacuation device 80 is not limited to the structure shown in the figure. On the other hand, the underground evacuation device 99 may be separated from the high place evacuation device 80 and configured alone.
The underground evacuation device in this case is not used for drainage systems such as sewage as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, but is used for emergency evacuation in floods, tsunamis, tornadoes, fire whirlwinds, etc. Yes. As for underground evacuation devices using manholes, vertical cylinders with the axial center oriented vertically have been disclosed so far, but this may cause levitation and evacuation in the event of vibration or liquefaction. In the case of use as an object, the vertical cylinder type has the disadvantage that many people cannot evacuate immediately because it is necessary to evacuate vertically using steps.

  Therefore, in this example, a slanted axis-shaped manhole having a push-up levitation hat effect is used for evacuation, and 100 is installed on the inclined axis below the ground 84. A bottom inclined tube with a closed bottom wall, 101 is an intermediate inclined tube with two upper and lower stages, 102 is an upper inclined tube, 103 is a receiving frame, and 104 is a fixed lid. A first evacuation housing 105 is constituted by the housing. As the first evacuation housing 105, a manhole of a type that has been commercially available can be applied. As shown in FIG. 14, the first evacuation housing 105 and the column 81 are connected by the first air conditioning piping a, and the second air conditioning piping b is protruded from the column 81 or the column pipe of the wind power generator 94 so as to project the manhole. It can be configured so that external gas can be sucked while the generated gas and odor are discharged.

  Since the fixed lid 104 of the first evacuation housing 105 may be wide and heavy, an opening is formed in a part thereof, and an emergency lid 106 that is easy to open and close with respect to the opening and has a high sealing effect is equipped. I am going to do it. For example, if the emergency lid 106 is provided with a closed fence around the support column 81 so as not to be opened due to bad faith during normal times, the safety is improved. The emergency cover 106 may be the same as the ground surface, which is the surface of the ground. However, as shown in FIG. 14, a part of the emergency cover 106 protrudes. The upper end of the housing may be protected from the tsunami current.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the first evacuation housing 105 can be evacuated one after another like a slide using the runway 105 a by utilizing the fact that the inner peripheral lower surface is inclined downward. In this case, the angle of the runway 105a is suitable for safely sliding down from 20 to 40 degrees with respect to the horizon. If the angle is smaller than 20 degrees, it is difficult to slide down, and if it exceeds 40 degrees, it slides down one after another and is safe. It will be lacking in nature. Further, in consideration of safety when sliding down the bottom inclined tube 100, a cushion 108 is provided as a standby, or a U-shaped part (such as FIG. (Lower right column) shall be added. Since the first evacuation housing 105 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 has a rectangular tube shape, the inner peripheral lower surface has a flat slope similar to the slide. However, as shown in the lower left column of FIG. In the case of a round tube type, if a runway 105a is provided between the steps 109 for raising and lowering arranged on the left and right, it is possible to run and climb. This method can also be adopted in the same manner in the rectangular tube-shaped casing 105 of FIG. 14 (center). In addition, if the step 109 for raising / lowering is equipped with safety protectors, such as rubber | gum quality and sponge quality, it will prevent that it hits the step 109 at the time of sliding and is damaged. The step 109 itself may be formed of an elastic material such as rubber. Moreover, you may embed the frame 15 in the high ground created or naturally formed higher than the ground.

  The bottom oblique tube 100 can be used as an evacuation chamber as it is. In this case, the entire first evacuation housing 105 may be used as an evacuation room. When the entire housing 105 is used as an evacuation room, for example, if an evacuation seat that also serves as a staircase is provided on the inner peripheral bottom surface of the oblique tubes 100, 101, 102, evacuation for a long time can be handled.

In this example, a second evacuation housing 112 serving as a main evacuation chamber is further connected to the left and right (or one) of the bottom oblique tube 100 via a through pipe 111 so that a wide evacuation chamber can be provided. The second escape housing 112 can be formed inexpensively and firmly without, for example, connecting a plurality of box culverts with side lids. In this case, although the bottom surface of the second evacuation housing 112 is horizontal, as shown in the right column of FIG. 14, it is possible to understand the hydraulic pressure with the corner ridges facing downward so as not to fluctuate.
As shown in the right column of FIG. 13, the second evacuation housing 112 is connected directly to the lower part of one or a plurality of first evacuation housings 105 so that as many people as possible can evacuate as quickly as possible. it can. In this case, the first evacuation housing 105 is connected to one side of the second evacuation housing 112, but may be connected from the right side of the drawing.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show another proposed example. In the example, the upper housing 121 is constructed on a plurality of support columns 120 and the evacuation stage 122 is formed on the upper housing 121. A plurality of upper struts 124 with tall protective nets 123 are arranged upright on the upper side, and in particular, a vertical and horizontal upper frame 125 is disposed between the upper struts 124, and a strong grid is further provided thereon. A ceiling net 126 as a net is stretched, and an emergency network 127 for entering and exiting is provided at a partial opening of the ceiling net 126. If the evacuation stairs 128 are prepared in the upper evacuation chamber, for example, before the tsunami exceeds the expected level and the dangerous water level is reached, the evacuation stairs 128 is climbed to open the emergency net 127 and evacuate to the sky net 126. This situation can be avoided. In addition, since the upper surface is covered with the sky net 127 and the entire circumference is surrounded by the protective net 123 via the upper support columns 124, there is no danger to those who are evacuated even if there is a lightning strike. .
If the tent 131 pivotally supported by the bracket 130 is wound on the ceiling net 126 and extended from the ceiling net 126 to the side surface as necessary, the end portion is engaged. It becomes rain measures. In addition, as shown in the left column of FIG. 16, the tent 121 in this case may be provided with an “R” sign so as to help confirm the rescue helicopter. When 122 is visible from above, it can be configured to help with rescue with the same marking. The sign of “R” can be a fluorescent paint or can be lifted from the surroundings by lamp irradiation.

FIG. 17 shows a configuration in which a pair of tents 134 are pivotally supported on a ceiling frame 133 and covered with a rooftop 135 as a rain countermeasure to extend like a virtual line so as to cover the upper surface and the left and right side surfaces. You can also
In FIG. 18, the top frame 137 is tilted downward in one direction, and a first tent 138 and a second tent 139 are pivotally mounted on one end side of the top frame 137, and each is placed on the ladder 140 from above the evacuation stage 122. It is also possible to take measures against rain by extending and engaging the upper surface and the two side surfaces using the.
In FIG. 19, four side-side wound tents 142 are pivotally supported via the upper ends of the upper columns 124, and when taking measures against rain, these wound tents 142 are sequentially extended as shown in FIG. 123, the four side surfaces are covered by being stretched and engaged with each other, and the top surface winding tent 143 is extended along the top surface so as to be able to constitute a top surface rain countermeasure. 144 is a tent winding.

  FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 show another proposed example, in which a plurality of (4) columns 148 are erected on the ground, and these columns 148 are connected by connecting beams 149 in several upper and lower stages. An evacuation facility that forms a body, is provided with an evacuation stage 150 on the uppermost stage and the lower two tiers, and is additionally provided with a protective fence 151 as appropriate. In addition to the climbing means 152 for evacuees, which is a stairway capable of evacuating the vehicle, the climbing means 153 for vehicles, which is an evacuation slope for guiding various vehicles to the evacuation stage 150, is provided around the structure. Thereby, in addition to the refugee, the vehicle can be evacuated. In this example, since the evacuees can evacuate to the evacuation stage 150 on the roof, the evacuees are not likely to be damaged by the vehicle.

  FIG. 23 shows another proposed example, which is intended to ensure safety when the height of the tsunami that strikes after evacuation may exceed expectations. Reference numeral 156 denotes a plurality of support columns, the upper ends of which are connected by a connecting beam 157 and a planar evacuation stage 158 is provided. Further, a safety fence 159 protects safety from a tsunami. Reference numeral 160 denotes a stairs for evacuation to the evacuation stage 158. Even if you evacuate on such an evacuation stage 158, there is a possibility that a higher tsunami will strike. Accordingly, a cylindrical or square cylindrical protective capsule 162 with the top surface closed is placed and fixed by placing a lower flange 163 with packing on the evacuation stage 158 and connecting it. The capsule 162 has a water-sealed door 164 so that an evacuee on the evacuation stage 158 can enter, and an oxygen cylinder 165... The use of the capsule 162 helps in an emergency situation. A plurality of capsules 162 may be installed. Further, the capsule 162 is provided with a device capable of discharging internal gas only in one direction (outward direction) by a check valve.

FIG. 24 to FIG. 26 show other proposed examples, and it is possible to obtain safety by other methods when the height of the tsunami that hits after evacuation may exceed the expected level.
This evacuation device is composed of a fixed side 170 and a separation buoyant side 171, and the fixed side 170 has a plurality of support columns 172 erected from the ground, a middle connecting beam 173, and an upper end connecting frame 174, The ascending / descending means has a fixed side step 175. A surface evacuation stage may be provided on the upper surface of the upper end connection frame 174, but in this example, the evacuation stage is omitted so that the tsunami levitation action can easily act on the separated buoyancy side 171 and the structure is simplified. It is. The separation buoyant side 171 includes a float 176 having a rectangular shape corresponding to the upper surface of the upper end connecting frame 174 and having a hollow interior, four upper corner columns 177 erected from the upper surface, and the upper columns 177. The upper connecting beam 178 that connects them is used as a skeleton, and the four sides are formed into a quadrilateral simple barge type by assembling a lower protection surface 179 that prevents tsunami flow and an upper protection net 180. ing. Reference numeral 181 denotes a protective dome, which may be provided with a solar panel so that its power can be used. 182 is a landing, 183 is a separated staircase that is separated from the fixed-side staircase 175 but is higher than the staircase 175 and constitutes one staircase. These 182 and 183 are not the fixed-side 170 but separated flotation The side 171 is fixed to the float 176 lateral side. Moreover, the door 184 which can be opened and closed freely is provided in the part corresponding to the landing 182 of the protective surface 179, and an evacuee can go in and out, and the hermetic closure is also possible.

185 is a vertical coupling device, and when the tsunami height may exceed the expected value, the device 185 can float while the detachable side 171 is placed on the separable side 171 by separating the separable side 171 from the fixed side 170. It is what you want to do.
The detailed structure of the vertical connecting device 185 is shown in FIG. Reference numeral 186 denotes a screw receiver, which is fixed to an appropriate number of locations (four locations) in the plane using a part of the upper end connecting frame 174. In the float 176 corresponding to the upper portion of the screw receiver 186, A step-type insertion pipe 188 having a large diameter lower portion is fixed. The number of insertion pipes 188 may be as small as possible, such as one or two, and the separation work may be performed immediately in an emergency. Reference numeral 189 is a connecting screw shaft preferably made of a strong trapezoidal screw, 190 is an operating handle, and the connecting screw shaft 189 is screwed into the screw receiver 186 from above the float 176 through the insertion pipe 188 so that the separated floating side 171 is fixed. On the other hand, when the operation handle 190 is turned to release the screwed state, the separation buoyant side 171 can be completely separated from the fixed side 170.

  Since an elevating stopper 191 corresponding to the large diameter portion of the insertion pipe 188 is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting screw shaft 189, when the operating handle 190 is turned up for separation, the connecting screw shaft 189 is screwed up. As 189 is disengaged from the screw receiver 186, the elevating stopper 191 hits the stepped portion and the connection screw shaft 189 cannot be lifted any more. By doing in this way, when the separation buoyant side 171 is separated and starts to float, a stop is applied so that the pressurized water does not jet onto the float 176 through the insertion pipe 188. Since the connecting screw shaft 189 is in the insertion pipe 188, that portion also prevents intrusion of pressurized water, but a sealing means 192 may be provided to take a more reliable countermeasure against inundation.

  On the other hand, if the operation handle 190 stands on the float 176, it may be an obstacle to evacuation. In that case, since the water pressure from below is small, if the operation handle 190 is pushed down, it does not lift and does not disturb the evacuation. As indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 26, an engagement lever 195 that engages and disengages the upper end connecting frame 174 is provided at the tip of the rotation operation shaft 194, and the rotation operation shaft 194 is rotated in one direction so that the engagement is released. It may be. Separation operation can be performed instantly.

FIG. 27 shows a state where the separated buoyant side 171 is separated and floats in accordance with a high tsunami. Note that a guard 196 may be projected outside the separation buoyant side 171 so that it can be protected. In preparation for evacuation in the cold season, a cold protection screen curtain 197 may be provided on the separation buoyant side 171 as shown by a broken line in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 28, in the trolley which is the separated buoyant side 171, a safety grip bar 199 having a three-side bent shape is attached to the left and right bearings 198 over several rows, and usually the left and right balancers (or Although it is vertically upward by the spring 200, it may be made to be in a horizontal handrail state by being pulled down as shown in the figure. During evacuation, the bar 199 is raised so that it does not interfere with evacuation, and if it is lowered on one side, it becomes a safety handrail. Bar 199 is locked after rotation. The bar 199 may be covered with a protective material 201 such as rubber or sponge. As shown in FIG. 29, the bar 199 may be configured to be pulled down from a horizontal state to a suspended state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Roadway 2 ... Sidewalk 7 ... Manhole body 8 ... Bottom oblique tube 9 ... Middle oblique tube 10 ... Upper oblique tube 21 ... Receiving frame 22 ... Manhole cover.

Claims (1)

Based on an oblique axis set so as to be inclined downwardly from the specific point on the ground surface on the sidewalk side in a facility having a sidewalk on the side of the roadway and the roadway in a facility having the roadway A manhole housing having a straight cylindrical shape is embedded by a bottom oblique tube with a bottom plate and an upper oblique tube with a lid so as to be concentric around an oblique axis, and the bottom plate is orthogonal to the oblique axis. And a part of the bottom plate or the bottom crushed stone facing downward, and a part of the bottom slab can be placed on the ground via a foundation crushed stone directly or parallel to the bottom slab. A manhole push-up prevention method that installs and works so as to divide the floating action force such as water pressure, where the two faces, which are the upper surface, work upward from the ground .

Images