JP5462309B2 - Tsunami evacuation room and air holding independent body used therefor - Google Patents

Description

Even if the evacuation room is damaged by a huge earthquake before the tsunami attack, the tsunami evacuation that provides ultimate safety by installing an air holding independent body with an upward convex and an open bottom in advance Regarding the room.

It is said that high seawalls, hills, and tall buildings are effective as tsunami countermeasures. It is to escape quickly there. However, the construction of high seawalls and the relocation of hills require a huge budget and long years. There are not always tall buildings on the coast. In addition, there is no guarantee that absolute safety will be achieved in any case for unexpected tsunamis. A disaster does not choose time and place. The probability of a huge earthquake that may be tomorrow is increasing. Even if there is daytime training, it seems not to be evacuated at every tsunami warning. Midnight and elderly caregivers do not take action. There is also a swing that does not cause a tsunami. At that time, there is a quote from Dr. Akihiko Terada, “Natural disasters come when they are forgotten.” Fortunately, the tsunami comes only after the earthquake. The arrival time is also expected and there is a time margin. However, there are many differences between expectations and reality. Even if the prediction is too large, there is no reality. There is a parable of a wolf boy. In an unexpected tsunami, it is most important that there is an evacuation room that allows you to escape immediately. In other words, even if there is a daily evacuation drill, it is clear that there is a heavy traffic congestion on the premise of running away by car, and what about drunk driving after supper? Coastal residents cannot drink. During bathing, she remains dressed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive regional disaster prevention plan that plans and arranges a nearby evacuation room that can maintain the survival air volume even if it is submerged by a tsunami. However, if the evacuation room is deformed or cracked due to a huge earthquake before the tsunami, the watertight function, that is, the sealing function may be lost, and the limited amount of air required for survival may be lost. After the earthquake, there is no time to repair cracks before reaching the tsunami, and it should be enough to bond with an instant bond, but there is usually no expert nearby and no expert knowledge. Therefore, in advance, the inner wall of the evacuation room is integrally reinforced with a reinforced plastic such as a steel plate or carbon fiber, and waterproof reinforcement with two or more waterproof sheets laid and separated from the main body along the inner wall, There is a so-called wall waterproofing method.

Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-133703 Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-86021

1993 edition of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Structural Mechanics Official Collection, p341, p405

The tsunami evacuation room must maintain the necessary air volume even if it is submerged. However, when the evacuation room is cracked, the air leaks as bubbles under the pressure of tsunami water. In other words, if a large earthquake before the tsunami causes deformation or cracking in the evacuation room, there is a possibility that the watertight function, the sealing function, and the necessary air volume for survival will be lost. After the earthquake, there is usually no time to repair cracks before reaching the tsunami. There is a method of reinforcing the inner wall of the main body in advance with a reinforced plastic such as a steel plate or carbon fiber. However, although it is reinforced integrally with the structure, it may be deformed together with the main body in the event of a huge earthquake. It can be said that the waterproof reinforcement for the main body wall laid separately from the main body along the main body wall, that is, the so-called wall waterproofing is also affected by the deformation of the main body, particularly the crack. Since both of them are deformed together with the main body wall, there is no doubt that cracking will not occur from deformation due to a greater earthquake shake. In the former, there is no possibility of damage to waterproofing materials such as sheets due to transmission of cracks in the main part from the primer, adhesive, sealing material, etc. between the inner wall and the waterproofing material in the latter in the welded part of steel, etc. I can't say that. If it is affected by cracks from the deformation of the main body, it will be affected by the maintenance of hermeticity. When cracks from the outside lead to the internal reinforcement, the necessary air escapes from the cracks in tsunami water. Underwater, air has the property of escaping upwards. Fortunately, if there is a shape of the culvert path, it will accumulate on the ceiling and can be captured without escape. Therefore, if a bag-like independent body that can hold the shape without being affected by the deformation and displacement of the structural body due to an earthquake is installed inside the body, it can be said that the safety is further solved.

In order to solve such a problem, the tsunami evacuation room of the present invention, even if the evacuation room is deformed and cracked by a huge earthquake before the unexpected tsunami attack, Separated from the main body structure so as not to be affected by deformation and cracking, it is an independent separate structure, and the air holding independent body that protrudes upwards and opens downwards is said to prevent escape of sealed air necessary for survival even during submergence during a tsunami. It is characterized by installing. The term “separated from and independent from the main body structure” as used in the present invention is structurally separated and independent even if connected by a cushion material, an elastic material, a seismic isolation material, a chain, a support or the like.

Further, the tsunami evacuation room of the present invention comprises the air holding independent body made of a steel plate, a reinforced plastic such as carbon fiber, a waterproof sheet, a single room or a multi-compartment room by a combination thereof, or an assembly of subdivided rooms. It is characterized by that. The tsunami evacuation room according to claim 1.

In addition, the air holding independent body for the tsunami evacuation room of the present invention is deformed in advance inside the evacuation room, even if the evacuation room is deformed and cracked by a huge earthquake before the unexpected tsunami attack, Separated from the main body structure so as not to be affected by cracks, independent of the main body structure, so that the necessary air volume can always be maintained during submergence due to tsunami. It is a compartmentalized room or a collection of subdivided rooms, characterized by an upward convexity and a downward opening. The term “separated from and independent from the main body structure” as used in the present invention is structurally separated and independent even when connected by a cushion material, an elastic material, a seismic isolation material, a chain, a support or the like.

Assuming an unexpected tsunami, it is a sealed evacuation room with a rising water surface that secures the necessary air even during submergence, but if it was damaged by deformation, cracking, etc. due to a huge earthquake before the attack, Even if the so-called sealing function is lost, there is no source or child if the amount of air is lost in the evacuated water. The air holding independent body is installed inside the evacuation chamber, but it is possible to avoid the influence of the seismic force from the main body by structurally separating and independent from the main body. In other words, if the air can be held in an independent body that does not crack the main body, protrudes upward, and opens downward, the air rises up in the water, so it can be said that the amount of necessary air in the enclosure was protected. . Many lives are evacuated to the evacuation room, but it is a disaster if the evacuation room is crushed or the air is lost. Ironically, the bereaved family is accused of having escaped to the hill if it had collapsed before the evacuation due to the earthquake. The responsibility to save the lives of many people is crucial. It is necessary to take safety measures. That is, even if the structure body is damaged, the sealed structure of the inlet hatch will move to a sealed structure that includes the rising water surface as well as the structure of the inlet release, but the amount of sealed air will be reduced during the tsunami submergence. It is important not to escape. It can be survived by an air holding independent body that is isolated from the wall of the cracked evacuation room and does not leak out the amount of air necessary for survival equivalent to the number of people * time, and is convex upward and opened downward. Since it can be installed in a nearby evacuation room, it is double and provides the ultimate safety and security. The family doesn't have to run away because they can feel more secure. The burden of evacuation drills for midnight and elderly caregivers is significantly reduced. A large amount of air is required to accommodate the submergence time, but the reinforced concrete evacuation room has a large capacity and can accommodate hundreds of people, saving many lives. The rise of the seawall and the relocation of the hills are not safe for unexpected tsunamis, requiring a huge budget and long years. A disaster does not choose time and place. With the present invention, it is possible to quickly respond to the coming Tonankai earthquake and the like, and for example, it is useful for disaster prevention planning with the arrangement of every 1 km. In addition to tsunamis, it is also effective as a disaster prevention measure for elevations below the sea level and in areas along the ceiling river, during storm surges, typhoons, floods during heavy rains, river inundation due to bank breaks.

Cross-sectional image of an air holding independent body with an upward convexity in an enclosed retreat room and an opening underneath Cross-sectional image of an air holding independent body with an upward convexity and a downward opening in the retreat room of the entrance opening Plan view of wall holding material and air holding independent body with 4 corners reinforced Plan view of an air holding independent body with the interior divided into four sections Plan view of air holding independent body with 16 compartments inside Plan view of the air holding independent body of a group of 8 subdivided chambers and the remaining room in the seat space Plan view of a double safe air holding independent body with a seat air holding independent body inside Perspective view in which the air holding independent body of the sheet is formed by the member frame (example in which the sheet is outside)

A mode for carrying out the invention will be described. The entrance of the tsunami evacuation room may be open or closed, but the former holds sealed air between the ceiling, side walls, and the rising water surface, and the latter holds sealed air throughout the room. In any case, the amount of air required for survival is maintained by sealing. However, if the main body has already been cracked by the earthquake before the tsunami, air will escape as bubbles in the water of the tsunami, resulting in a fatal injury. Therefore, the condition for the solution is that the influence of the seismic force can be cut off and the air can be retained. When cracks enter, the air escapes and water invades instead. If a separate structure separated from the main body is provided inside, cracks from seismic force can be blocked. If an air holding independent body that can hold the shape of a box-shaped rectangular parallelepiped, for example, with a convex upward and a downward opening, the water surface rises from the opening under the box-shaped rectangular parallelepiped as the height of the tsunami rises However, the living air is held inside while being compressed. Since the internal air pressure and the external water pressure are balanced, no special strength is required for the shape retaining material. An air holding independent body having a convex upward and a downward opening is, for example, an image of a parachute or a balloon that does not leak air. Even if the evacuation room is cracked by an earthquake, it is thought that the large shape of the outer shell is held, that is, it is space to install an independent body with an opening on the bottom, because it is surrounded by an outer frame When the main body is submerged, the air holding independent body floats up to the ceiling with buoyancy while holding air, and can hold the air as it is. Even if it is slightly deviated, it is about to lean against the side wall. Therefore, air leaks as bubbles from the retreat room together with cracks, but first leaks along the wall from the air between the inner wall and the air holding independent body. Next, it comes from an air holding independent body. At that time, since the water surface comes to the bottom of the opening, if the shape is maintained, air does not leak and is compressed as the water surface rises in the air holding body. To go. Therefore, it is desirable that the air holding body that does not leak air has a capacity capable of holding as much air as possible. It is unavoidable to lower the opening. Everyone who is obese must lift it up. If the tsunami height is 10 m, the air inside the air holding independent body is compressed to ½, and the water level inside the air holding independent body also rises to ½. If the tsunami height reaches 30m, it will rise to the remaining 1/3 of the air holding independent body. In this way, the air necessary for survival continues to exist near the ceiling of the air holding independent body. Therefore, a breathing scaffold up to the ceiling is necessary. Moreover, since the water pressure inside and outside and the atmospheric pressure are balanced there, the air holding independent body does not need a great strength. It is good also as an air maintenance independent body made into the aggregate | assembly of the chamber of a multi-compartment division, or a small division. These may be installed in advance or may be provided inside the evacuation room, or may be brought in by the responsible person after the earthquake. In other words, heavy steel plates are pre-installed, but reinforced plastics such as light carbon fiber can be assembled and folded, and tarpaulins and tents can be portable and air-filled. Since the steel sheet requires a large space for maintenance between the wall and the wall, the effective air amount is wasted. Therefore, there are advantages to reinforced plastics and waterproof sheets that do not corrode. However, the sheet may be torn when small items such as debris or wooden thorns are stabbed. It can be said that it is desirable to use the plastic inside as much as possible. It's also wise to have a complete set for the spare. Steel sheets are not suitable for folding, portable, and assembling. In the case of seats, there is no need for those who have prepared a tented framework. Assembling the Bitty Scaffold becomes a scaffold up to the ceiling, and you can freely divide the parts on the floor and save space. Installation of the seat is easy if it has a framework and a framework inside. Even in the case of a steel plate, a simple degree of placing a wooden board or rubber board underneath and placing it on the board is sufficient. If a cushioning material or rubber elastic material is provided between the side walls in the case of rolling due to an earthquake, the influence can be blocked. You may combine the material of shape maintenance. For example, when a single reinforced plastic shape holder cannot be constructed, it can be said that a combination method in which a sheet is inserted into or out of the frame as a framework is also effective (FIG. 8). Of course, if it is double, the degree of safety of air retention increases. Steel plates can be welded internally, or can be manufactured, loaded and inserted. In the latter case, one side of the wall of the evacuation room is of course post-installed for insertion. Corrosion requires consideration such as periodic inspections and periodic ventilation by carrying in blowers. If a sheet is prepared with one sheet of (vertical + 2 * height) and (horizontal + 2 * height), it is possible to form an air holding independent body with four corners projecting upward and overlapping and opening below. . Cutting the overlap will be a big deal. It is desirable to check the degree of deterioration of reinforced plastics and tarpaulins every time they are inspected. Since the interior is dark, it is necessary to prevent electric leakage and electric shock by using a flashlight for the light source. In either case, the air holding independent body is a single piece of watertightness formed with a convex upward and an opening downward. In the case of a seat, since a person rolls in from below, there is no need for a loss of 50 cm in the entry space, which is advantageous for securing a large capacity. The shape is also free. Retrofitting is easy. It ’s light, and you can fold it to save space. It is perfect for double safety equipment. However, it is vulnerable to breakage, especially if you do not fasten it under the skirt, it will turn over and bring a lump of living air. Having a roll of strings will help you. The installation of a scuba tank inside also leads to peace of mind with air replenishment. If mud accumulates at the entrance after ebb tide, a scoop will be provided inside. For daily management, it is necessary to have a fence that prevents children from entering the entrance at the level of simple crime prevention.

An installation example of a single type air holding independent body is shown. FIG. 1 shows the case of the entrance hatch evacuation room, and FIG. 2 shows the case of the entrance release evacuation room. In either case, the air holding independent body can be used as a large frame for preventing the collapse of the shape and the fall of the wall of the structural body. However, in order to make it an independent body that is completely separated from the seismic force, and to allow large fluctuations of the air holding independent body itself, an extra space as far away from the wall as possible is provided, and a cushion as shown in FIG. Consideration such as setting materials is necessary. In this case, it is necessary to disperse the reaction force so that the corner welded portion of the steel plate is cracked and not broken, and a slight deformation does not hinder air retention, but it is necessary to devise and reinforce buckling. In the case of a steel plate, it is possible to easily produce an air holding body having a convex upward and an open downward. It can be said that painting is necessary to prevent corrosion. Inspection is necessary, and it is desirable to keep about 50cm away from the wall. Installation is supported by a wooden frame from the floor, and it is necessary to maintain a height of about 50 cm from the floor for the invasion of people. Although the shape of the steel plate is firm, it is not easy to move after installation because it is heavy, so make a plan in advance. Since the air is compressed to the vicinity of the ceiling and the water level rises, a variety of things such as a stand-up type, a built-up type high floor, a staircase, a ladder, a bittery scaffold, a stepladder for children, and a nursing care elderly can be prepared. In order to prevent corrosion, the evacuation room should be regularly replaced with air and ventilated with an inspection fan. If a sheet is inserted into the inner space of the steel plate body, further safety and security are obtained (FIG. 7).

FIG. 4 shows an example of a four-part division of a multi-part division air holding independent body, and FIG. 5 shows an example of a 16-part division. As the space becomes larger, internal partitioning becomes necessary to maintain the shape. It can be said that the more chambers, the higher the safety of shape retention, but the more labor and cost. Worst, even if some space leaks air, it can move to the next, but it will be a serious battle because it will be a survival competition. The design air capacity must be large enough. Even if it is divided into sections, it is desirable that the elderly for nursing care is horizontally long and can be divided according to use. If a sheet is inserted into the inner space of the steel plate body, further safety and security are obtained (FIG. 7).

FIG. 6 shows an example of an assembly that is subdivided into eight rooms by removing one of the nine sections. By pulling out one room, the remaining 8 rooms can move freely, increasing the degree of freedom. Finally, you may bulge the waterproof sheet upward in the removed room. Individual damages remain individual because they are independent. If replacement is necessary due to corrosion, it can be said that there is a merit that it can be replaced by subdividing. If a sheet is inserted into the air holding independent body, it will be further safe and secure (FIG. 7).

As a reference, a design example of an evacuation chamber body with a sealed structure that does not assume cracks is shown. An example of a evacuation room made of reinforced concrete and installed in an open space when a hatch is used at the evacuation entrance is shown. The amount of air required for one person to survive is said to be 1 m3 / hour. A 50m3 air volume is required to withstand one hour for a 50-year-old retreat room. For approximate calculation, if the room is a cuboid room with a height of 3m, width of 4m, and depth of 6m, the internal volume Is 3 * 4 * 6 = 72m3, and there is enough air even for 1 hour to ebb. If the plane space to be evacuated is 4 people / m2, 50/4 * 6 ≒ 2 people / m2, and there is room for evacuation. Buoyancy is 3 * 4 * 6 = 72tf, weight is surface area * concrete wall thickness * unit weight = 2 * (12 + 18; 24) * 0.35 * 2.5 = 94.5tf, weight> buoyancy when concrete wall thickness is 35cm It does not rise up. The horizontal moment is 15 * (3 * 4) * 3/2 = 270t ・ m, the resistance moment when the horizontal sweep force of 15t / m2 is received by 3m * 4m on the sea side with reference to the jet experiment at the Port and Airport Research Institute. = 94.5 * 6/2 = 283.5t ・ m, resists horizontal sweeping force and does not fall. However, in the vicinity of the seaside, considering the simultaneous buoyancy, it is a rectangular parallelepiped with the height of the evacuation room reduced and the seaside area reduced, or the floor bottom is thickened, or the shear key or clog tooth Further measures such as providing protrusions or taking anchors in the ground can be considered. The maximum tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake is 38.9m, but if a 50m height is assumed, the design will assume a tsunami height of 50m and a water depth of 50m, and a load of 50t / m2 will be applied. Use a waterproof and waterproof hatch that matches the design conditions. Water pressure is applied to buildings such as reinforced concrete as a load of 50t / m2. The maximum moment of a four-sided fixed plate that receives an equal load on a flat plate is b / a = 1.5 for a = 4m and b = 6m from p341 of the 1993 edition of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers.
M = -0.0757 ・ p ・ a ²
Where M: Moment of the four-sided fixed plate that receives an equal load on the flat plate p: Equal load (tf / m)
a: Short side (m)
Therefore, p: 50 tf / m per depth width of 1 m, a: 4 m,
M = -0.0757 * 50 * 4 * 4 = 60.56tf ・ m
The required amount of reinforcing bars at the end of the simple calculation is
As = M / σs * (7/8) * d
Here As: Required amount of reinforcing bars (cm2)
s: Yield point or 0.2% proof stress (N / mm2)
d: Effective height of member (cm)
Therefore, σs: Yield point of SD345 or 0.2% proof stress = 345N / mm2, member thickness 35cm, cover 10cm, d = 25cm, As = 6,056,000 / 3,520 * (7/8) * 25 = 78.64cm2, If the rebar diameter D32 is 10 bars / m, it will be 79.42 cm2, and the required amount of rebar can be satisfied. Therefore, even a 50-meter tsunami can be realized if the wall thickness of the reinforced concrete is 35 cm.
If a partition is provided in the middle of the structure, the moment is b / a = 1.33 for b = 4m, a = 6/2 = 3m, and M = -0.0699 * 50 * 3 * 3 = 31.455tf・ It can be reduced to approximately half by m. Buoyancy is not a problem when it is integrated with the building wall or rooftop floor, so it can be designed with thin walls to match the typical wall thickness of the building. If the wall member thickness is 25cm and the cover is 10cm, then d = 15cm, As = M / σs * (7/8) * d = 3,145,500 / 3,520 * (7/8) * 15 = 68.08cm2, and 9 rebar diameters D32 If / m is arranged, it will be 71.478 cm2, and the required amount of reinforcing bars will be satisfactory. However, if cracks are present, the airtightness cannot be maintained, so a double level of safety can be secured by reinforcing the strength of the steel plate. For further reference, an example in which an evacuation room is provided on the wall of a school classroom will be described. The required amount of air per 40 students and children is 0.5m3 / hour, 20m3. If a classroom with a width of 8m and a height of 3m is constructed with a 1m wide evacuation room, 24m2> 20m2 will be satisfied. An example in which an evacuation room is provided on the wall next to the apartment will be described. For two adults and two children, the required amount of air per hour is 3m3, and if a wall with a width of 8m is halved next to each other and a evacuation room with a height of 0.5m is made 3m high, (8/2 ) * 3 * 0.5 = 6m3> 3m3, the air volume is satisfactory. Fixing a cylindrical evacuation room on the floor, inner wall, and ceiling of a reinforced concrete building made of reinforced concrete is ideal for families and individuals.

For reference, a design example of the main entrance tsunami evacuation room is shown. A 3m * 4m * 6m, 0.35m thick reinforced concrete evacuation room installed in the open space, without a hatch at the entrance, and a partition wall for preventing drifting object impact inside, a dangerous entrance turbidity zone and safe evacuation The example of the evacuation room divided into zones is shown. The design horizontal sweeping force is set to 15 tf / m2 from the jet experiment at the Port and Airport Research Institute, and it is safe to resist the tipping moment as in the above reference example. The height of the top of the entrance is 1 m, the height of the partition wall of the floating object impact prevention function is 2.3 m, and the height of the high floor is 2 m. Up to 1 m at the top of the entrance rises in conjunction with the surrounding water level, but with a 10 m tsunami, the surrounding water level is 10 m, the inside becomes 2 atm, and the water level rises until the remaining air volume is halved. . At the water level of the tsunami 50m, the pressure becomes 6 atm and the sealed air volume becomes 1/6, and the water level rises to that level. The high floor has a space height of 1m to the ceiling, so you can breathe fully. Keep a stepladder for children. Since the evacuation entrance is a release opening, the internal atmospheric pressure and the external water pressure are equal, so there is no need to consider the structural external pressure. Although it is an extreme example even if it is not expected, even if a tsunami of 90m comes, 1/10 air remains. The airtightness of the enclosed space is important and no vents should be provided. When vents are provided, air escapes due to the rising pressure of the water surface. If concrete can be cracked in an enclosed space due to an earthquake or the like, air will escape when the water level rises. The rise in air pressure due to the water level up to the ceiling height of 3m is 0.2 to 0.3 atm, so if you install a double-layered waterproof sheet, reinforced plastic, or steel plate that can withstand it, you can cope with water leakage if there is no transmission of cracks. Since the muddy flow and the drifting material are inundated at the entrance, it can be relieved by separating the evacuation zone by providing a partition wall with the function of preventing the drifting material impact. Naturally, a stairway for people to get over the partition is necessary. Since the mud has accumulated at the entrance after drawing, prepare a scoop. In addition, if you have a scuba tank, you can rest assured.

In the Tonankai area where a large tsunami due to an earthquake is expected, early, effective and economical measures are required. The evacuation room that can be installed in the immediate vicinity and is safe and secure against unexpected tsunamis can be evacuated with a large capacity. It can also serve as the framework structure of a building, and can also be used for design and construction as a seismic reinforcement wall. In other areas, extension work that installs evacuation rooms in existing buildings will enable more effective disaster prevention measures such as earthquake resistance, tsunami, storm surge, and flooding.

1. Retractable room with closed structure 2. Retreat room with open entrance 3. Hatch at entrance 4. Open entrance 5. Retreat room structure. Ceiling wall 6 of main body. Side wall of body (may be partially expressed as inner wall and outer wall).
7 floor
8 When the wall of the partition wall 9 that has a function to prevent the impact of debris is cracked, the air escapes as bubbles during submergence of the tsunami. Air holding independent body 11 State of water level rise in air holding independent body when tsunami height is 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m, 50m, here, 11-10, -20, -30, -40, -50 Is displayed.
12 Cushion material provided on the wall 13 Cushion material and its receiving member 14 Wooden frame 15 supporting the air holding independent body 15 Elevating ladder, bite scaffold 16 Reinforcing the corner of the air holding independent body 17 4 compartments 18 16 compartments Of the divided chamber 19 divided into nine divided chambers 20 a chamber 21 in which the remaining one chamber is formed by a sheet 21 a seat chamber 22 inserted into the air holding independent body 22 an air holding independent seat 23 to be combined with the frame The sheet to be combined with the frame (seat can be inside or outside)

Claims (3)

Even if the evacuation room is deformed and cracked due to a huge earthquake before the unexpected tsunami attack, the structure inside the evacuation room is separated and separated from the main body structure so that it will not be affected by the deformation or cracking in advance. A tsunami evacuation room characterized in that an air holding independent body with a convex upward and an open underneath that the sealed air necessary for survival does not escape even when submerged in the tsunami. 2. The air holding independent body is constituted by a single room or a multi-compartment room or a group of subdivided rooms by a steel plate, a reinforced plastic such as carbon fiber, a waterproof sheet, or a combination thereof. Tsunami evacuation room. Even if the evacuation room was deformed and cracked due to a huge earthquake before the unexpected tsunami attack, the evacuation room was separated from the main body structure in an independent manner so that it would not be affected by deformation or cracking. In order to maintain the necessary amount of air during submergence, the steel plate, reinforced plastic such as carbon fiber, tarpaulin, a combination of single room or multi-compartment room, or subdivided room Air holding independent body for tsunami evacuation room characterized by convexity and opening below.

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