JP6368892B1 - Buildings with evacuation rooms for tsunami, flood and storm surge countermeasures - Google Patents

Abstract

A tsunami caused by a Nankai Trough earthquake hits in 5 minutes and is 10 meters high. There is no time to escape to the shelter. A method of helping even if swallowed by a tsunami is inspired by survivors of a capsized ship in a storm. It is to build a convex evacuation structure that can survive in water. There is no grace in the tsunami that strikes. We must endure the torrent of drifting objects. People spend half of the day in the building. The fastest and closest evacuation site is in the building. Therefore, by using structural framework pillars, beams, walls, and slabs in a solid building and providing an integrated evacuation room, it will not float in the water and will not flow away, avoiding direct collision of drifting objects and falling By securing the volume of air necessary for the duration of submergence of the tsunami, it is possible to survive even if it becomes submerged in the tsunami. [Selection] Figure 16

Description

The present invention relates to a building having an evacuation room as a countermeasure against a sudden tsunami, flood, and storm surge.

In general, it is said that construction of a high seawall, raising a river bank, moving up a hill, and building evacuation are effective as tsunami countermeasures. However, the construction of a high seawall, the rise of a river dike, the accompanying cross road bridge, the rise of a railway bridge up to several kilometers, and the relocation of a high ground require enormous budgets, long years, and the consent of residents. The coastal area does not always have high ground and high buildings. According to an announcement by the Cabinet Office, the Nankai Trough earthquake, whose probability of occurrence within 30 years has increased to 70 percent, is said to have killed up to 330,000 people and killed nearly 1 million people. It is predicted that a tsunami with a height of 10m will hit in 5 minutes depending on the area. Of those 5 minutes, the building will settle after a few minutes, so there is only a few minutes left for real evacuation. You must try to be safe as soon as possible, but you have no time to escape. In the Great East Japan Earthquake, it is said that a tsunami of 10m will hit in 2 minutes. Of course, it's obvious that you can't get to a distant public shelter. Therefore, tsunami evacuation buildings and tsunami evacuation towers are considered as regional tsunami countermeasures. However, they are installed on the coastal areas along the dangerous seas, and there is a high possibility of dying on the way to evacuation to reach the tsunami that strikes early. There is no guarantee that it will be safe at any height in a large tsunami. It is clear that people will be annihilated by a tsunami that exceeds that height. Nevertheless, it is important for me to protect myself and crisis management. In the Great East Japan Earthquake, it is unimaginable that many people died on the rooftop of a three-story, four-story building with a height of 10 meters, with fear that they could not escape beyond that height. It can be said that the rooftop of a half-high building is a dead end. The probability of a huge earthquake that may be tomorrow is increasing. For this reason, it has been advocated to run away and far away. However, the evacuation at each tsunami warning is what to do about driving the car, residents in the coastal area cannot drink, and they remain dressed while bathing. Are you really ready for evacuation? According to the policy of disseminating information because it is okay to fly in the sky, as the wolf boys are, the number of alarms is high, and the people throughout Japan are exhausted mentally and physically before the big tsunami strikes. Isn't it just that I'm all right? Anyway, giving up and giving up are preceded. In the middle of the night, heavy rain, heavy snow, and disasters, rescuers need no action. There is a considerable mental burden to become a student under the escort of his attendant. Fortunately, the tsunami comes only after the earthquake. The arrival time is also predicted, and there is a margin in the limited range. However, in the case of a large tsunami that does not have time, it is most important that there is a place where people can evacuate and evacuate immediately. The ultimate familiarity is clearly the location of the house, the house, the school, and the office building. However, I saw that many wooden houses were destroyed and washed away by the tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake. Still, don't give up life, you must protect life. There is a need for safe, simple, inexpensive and quick escapes for families, classrooms, and workplaces. There are many cases where people are separated during the day, and both relatives and dependents are worried. Elementary school children are worried and anxious. Therefore, a sealed sphere that floats on the water using buoyancy from a familiar installation location has been proposed. However, at that time, people are worried whether they are in the storage area or can get in immediately. The number of rescuers is absolutely small. Tsunami evacuation buildings and tsunami evacuation towers are uneasy because they cannot escape to the unexpected tsunami height, and naturally people cannot live in submerged water. Elevators are suspended during the earthquake and older people cannot go up. Construction costs are also quite expensive.
As a result of searching for a tsunami countermeasure keyword on the Patent Information Platform of the JPO, there are 50 cases. In the tsunami countermeasure house of Patent Document 1, the first floor of a medium- to high-rise house has a structure with a colonnade, but the wave pressure on the building However, it is not useful for the residents to survive because the floor on the way is submerged in a tsunami that is two or more floors high. In the tsunami countermeasure building of Patent Document 2, the first floor is a colony and the pillars are streamlined, and the residence is at least the third floor, but as with Patent Document 1, the area of the pre-side tsunami height is low It can be said that it is effective. In the building with a shelter in Patent Document 3, one room in the existing building is used as a shelter, and the room is secured by welding and reinforcement, but the tsunami wave pressure and drifting material The window reinforced by the collision may break through, or the weld may be cracked or cracked by a large seismic force before the tsunami, so the airtightness cannot be maintained, and the air will fall out and drown in submerged water. There is a fear. For example, when submerged in a 10-meter tsunami, 2 atmospheres are applied, and when it is a sealed structure and an airtight room, it compresses and shrinks so that the volume is halved according to Boyle's law. If the tsunami is 20m, 3 atmospheres will be applied and the volume will be reduced to 1/3. If airtight, it will not be easy to withstand enormous external pressure. It can be said that. The tsunami countermeasure building and structure of Patent Document 4 are devised to reduce the wave pressure by reducing the wave pressure by making the building a diamond shape, or by providing multiple inlets and outlets for water inflow and outflow on the first floor. Although it is effective for falling buildings, it is not useful for the survival of residents when submerged in a large tsunami. Even if the windows cannot be broken, the building has ventilation fans, cooler mounting holes, kitchen drains, bathroom drains, ventilation fans, floor and ceiling electrical wiring holes, and under and next to the entrance door Because there is a gap, when the building is submerged at the outside water level, the room is filled with water and drowned.

JP, 2006-108901, A JP 2014-148860 A JP2013-28907A JP 2012-219606 A

Nakagawa Industrial Safety Materials

In a large tsunami attack area, the building is quickly swallowed. It is a new memory that many people who escaped to the 4th floor rooftop during the Great East Japan Earthquake died. I guess I thought it would be okay if I escaped to the 4th floor, but if there is a higher tsunami, there is no longer a place to escape. The fear and danger of evacuation to a place with a height limit can be said to reveal the human breathing limit and survival limit in water. Therefore, even if a large unexpected tsunami submerges, there is a problem that can be solved if there is a method that is effective for survival. Naturally, people cannot live underwater. You can't live without air. The survivor of the sunken ship in the storm is a hint. Air bubbles rise in the water under the buoyancy of Archimedes' principle. The ship's bottom, which is upside down, becomes a convex container. Air accumulates in the space with the ship's bottom as the ceiling, and does not escape from the iron container. In a basin game that is sunk upside down in a bath tub, it is powerful to sink. Conversely, it can be said that it resists not to let air escape. No matter how deep it sinks, the bottom of the top and bottom is open, so the rising water surface in the container receiving water pressure creates a horizontal boundary surface, and the air in the solid container I'm trapped above and won't run away. This is the principle of Pascal where pressure is transmitted. In addition, the air always remains compressed while being compressed on the ceiling of the container according to Boyle's law. This means that even if a submerged tsunami unexpectedly submerges, a living container can be maintained if there is a convex container. The structure protruding above the ceiling that receives air is a so-called non-hermetic structure because the bottom is opened with an opening. The non-sealed structure is not subjected to such a large pressure as the sealed structure. In water, the external water pressure is equal to the air pressure in the upward convex, so that the bending wall moment due to the pressure difference is not applied to the wall that becomes the container. In other words, it is not necessary to increase the wall thickness due to the pressure difference even if the impact of drifting objects is taken into account. The building is composed of a ceiling slab and a vertical wall that surrounds it. By doing so, the problem of being able to survive in a submerged evacuation room, regardless of the height of the building, can be solved no matter how high the building is submerged in an unexpected height or tsunami. In addition, an expensive sealed door is not required at the entrance and exit, so that the wall thickness is not so much required, and there is no need for a special pressure-resistant design, so problems such as difficult design and special material costs can be solved.
Next, if there is a way to survive in the water, you need to evacuate there. In the Nankai Trough earthquake, if a 10-meter tsunami strikes in 5 minutes, you will reach the evacuation center and have no time to escape. In coastal tsunami attack areas, there is no time to evacuate. There is not enough time to evacuate after waiting for the tsunami information for a big shake. You must evacuate instantly and promptly based on your sensibility and self-judgment when you feel the shaking. You can run if you are young, but people are not young forever. Moreover, evacuation centers are not always in every house. Evacuation is impossible even in the age, age, and living conditions of the baby, infants, the elderly, pregnant women, sickbeds, broken bones, etc. What can you do in the room in the house? It is necessary to think about how to save at the family level, classroom level, and workplace level. It is unclear where people will be when a tsunami or future tsunami strikes, but the possibility of being in a house or building is about half a day. An evacuation room installed in a building can be evacuated within 5 minutes. There is a reality of being saved. Establishing an evacuation room in a solid building itself, and constructing such a building can reduce the evacuation time and solve the problem of difficult evacuation. At the same time, the firmness of the building can be used, so that you can protect yourself from the collision of drifting objects and solve the problem of avoiding collisions from weak human drifting objects.
The predicted maximum tsunami height of the Nankai Trough earthquake is 34.4m. Many buildings are submerged and destroyed by wave pressure. When a building is submerged, the floating force works like a huge tanker. In fact, because there is a pile, it does not float easily, but considerable buoyancy works, which may cause lifting and falling. However, reinforced concrete buildings remained during the Great East Japan Earthquake. This is because the weak glass window was first destroyed by drifting objects and wave power, the pressure receiving area of the building receiving direct wave power decreased, and the wave force penetrated the other window, which caused the building to overturn. It can be said that it was avoided. In addition, the glass was broken, the air in the building was evacuated, replaced with water, the water weight was applied to the floor, and the buoyancy of the entire building was significantly reduced. Even in this case, the evacuation room is configured to have a convex shape with a wall that is not destroyed, so that the air necessary for survival is retained without escaping. By making a solid building with a lot of window glass, the problem of the building falling and overturning the building can be solved. However, since wave pressure is applied to the wall surface, it is necessary to calculate the moment of resistance to overturning. In the calculation that the window glass does not break, the column cross section becomes larger. Furthermore, the evacuation room that is part of the building is destroyed by the collision of drifting objects, and if it is washed away, there is no origin or child. Wall design requires consideration for collision and torrent flow. In the design of building structures, analysis of the structural framework of pillars, beams, walls, and slabs of buildings, and structural design are performed. Therefore, by integrating the walls of the evacuation room with the structural framework pillars, beams, walls, and slabs, you can use the robustness, difficulty of being swept away, and the difficulty of falling down, and the ability to anchor there. It is reasonable because anchor, deformation resistance can be taken effectively. The evacuation room is mainly in the form of a wall structure, but it is integrated by using pillars, beams, walls, and slabs that are the structural framework of the building, and the remaining walls of the evacuation room are also made solid walls, The problem of the evacuation room itself rising, falling over, washed away or destroyed can be solved. At the same time, the direction of the evacuation room in the building is arranged in parallel so as not to obstruct the turbulent flow and streamline of breaking through the room when the glass window is broken. It is necessary to arrange the evacuation rooms in a balanced manner with respect to the building. For sturdiness, it is desirable that the evacuation room has a symmetrical structure with respect to a pillar of a building or a structural frame, a beam, a wall, or a slab, a through structure with two or more floors above and below, and a plane coincidence. As a result, it is possible to solve the problem of improving the earthquake resistance of a building in a huge earthquake. Even in a solid building, you cannot be sure that the tsunami will not go over how many floors. 3rd, 4th, 5th and even unexpected, so there is no absolute safety in the height of the floor. Even if you escape to the rooftop, the elevator is forbidden and stopped during an earthquake. The rooftop is not easy to climb because of the vertical ladder. The opening is usually locked out for emergency use. In the case of an existing 10-story condominium, in the tsunami-assumed area where the height of the first floor is 3m and 20m, residents from the 1st floor to the 7th floor look down to safety unexpectedly and descend to the 10th floor to evacuate the district I have to go to the place. That said, there is resistance and traps to descend from higher floors. Reality away. This is because there may be a small tsunami of 10m as a result. In this case, it can easily be imagined that there will be disastrous consequences that many people who escaped will be sacrificed along the way down and out of the building for evacuation. I'm glad that people on the 4th to 10th floors didn't run away. Despite evacuation according to training, there are dangers, luck, and bad luck that can only be understood from the results. If one room on each floor is equipped with an evacuation room, it can solve the problem that many people who escape to the outside for evacuation are sacrificed on the way.
On the other hand, the problem of latent disease remains for air pressure compressed by Boyle's law. Although it is not a human experiment, the video news rescued 60 hours later from the bottom of a cargo ship sank 30 meters off Nigeria on November 23, 2013 is new in memory. The world record of human dive is 122m. Therefore, it can be said that the limit of 30 m may be used from the example off Nigeria. The predicted maximum height of the tsunami caused by the Nankai Trough earthquake is 34.4m in Kuroshio-cho, Kochi Prefecture. In this area, it can be said that if the building with an evacuation room is built at a ground height of 4.4m or more above sea level, the load on the first floor can be cleared. However, it is desirable that the pressure burden is low. In general, it is said that there is no particular concern about latent sickness up to about 10 m. This means that if the floor height is 3 m, a building up to 4 stories is desirable. A public hall can be said to be the representative. That said, there is a view that the demand for private housing in the building and that the higher the appearance is, the safer it is. In terms of cost, large buildings are also cheaper. In taller buildings, the higher floor evacuation rooms have less depth of submergence flooded with tsunamis, so the water pressure is lower and the duration of submergence is less, so there is less impact on the human body. In areas where large tsunamis are expected, the problem of pressure reduction can be solved by providing evacuation rooms on the upper floor and above the building as much as possible. Evacuation rooms on the lower floor are also effective, but by providing evacuation rooms on each floor along the outer walls of the outdoor staircase outside the building, the emergency staircase and the indoor staircase inside the building, you can enter and exit freely, It is possible to move up the floor sequentially along the stairs and move vertically to the upper floor while observing how the height of the tsunami that people push in, and how it reaches, solving the problem of reducing the pressure burden on the lower floor people. Among the buildings, the top floor has the least pressure load and the amount of air required for submergence time is small, so there is room in the design space and it is easy to take up a large space, so it becomes an emergency supplies storage. Neighbors can also use it and provide it as a shelter.
On the other hand, the required amount of oxygen is based on the Nakagawa Industrial Safety Data, when oxygen in the air is 21%, oxygen deficiency is reduced to 16%, and the limit of 50 minutes for one person breathing half with 1m3 of air is the limit. As a result, an air space of 1.2 m3 is required in one hour. Since the duration of the tsunami in the Nankai Trough Earthquake is about 10 minutes per wave, the required space for the underwater evacuation room is 0.2 m3. Secure. Carbon monoxide is not at a problematic level. Up to the 6th wave is predicted by the area, but since each wave is a tide, it is automatically replaced with fresh air every wave. In other words, it can be said that the amount of air required for the design simply needs to be secured for the maximum wave and its duration. Therefore, as an individual requirement, even if it is submerged in a large tsunami, there is a place where the maximum wave height is reached up to the 6th wave, depending on the region, ensuring the amount of air necessary to survive without being destroyed, By securing the maximum air capacity for several minutes until the ebb tide, the problem of continuous survival under the tsunami disaster can be solved.
In the event of an earthquake, the elevator cannot be used, and when it is difficult to move up, horizontal movement is effective for shortening the evacuation time. Horizontal movement from common corridors, verandas, and horizontal corridors such as hotels are fast, and the provision of an evacuation room in the emergency staircase of a building can solve the problem of shortening the evacuation time. In addition, even in the area where the maximum height of the tsunami is 34.4m, the evacuation room of the building is considered to be adapted up to an unexpected 40m, and on higher floors, the stairs move vertically by stairs while watching the situation. Will do. Furthermore, priority is given to the ease of evacuation and the shortest evacuation time without going out of the room in the lives of individuals and daily life. Of course, there is no time to evacuate outside the tsunami attack area. There is a high risk of being swept away by the tsunami if you go outside. In this case, it is unavoidable to reduce the floor area of the residence. The problem of quick evacuation, shortest evacuation, and safe evacuation of individuals can be solved by using an evacuation room on the veranda and an indoor evacuation room.
If a wall that forms a container surrounding an upwardly convex space is constructed on the ceiling of a solid building from the structure of the building, the submerged air rises and stays there. It protrudes from the horizontal slab of the ceiling, the outer wall of the building, the boundary wall with the adjacent door, the four walls of the vertical wall, the vertical wall, and the side wall that consist of the remaining walls of the evacuation room. Space. Even in the water of a large tsunami, air does not escape from the wall that surrounds this space and has an opening, and the air is compressed and retained. However, it should be noted that even if it is considered as a wall, the ceiling decorative board and the partition board wall are not strong enough. Walls and slabs used together with structural framework columns and beams are the outer walls of the building, ceiling slabs, floor slabs, and door walls, and are integrated with the remaining walls that make up the evacuation room. There are various possible specific positions when installing an evacuation room in a building due to differences in scale and hierarchy. In other words, when all or part of the top floor of the building is used as an evacuation room, or when one to several rooms in the building are used as an evacuation room, the outside walls of the outdoor staircase and emergency staircase are used. If you use the outer wall of the indoor staircase of the building, if you use the boundary wall between each door, if you use the ceiling slab and floor slab of each door, you may use the veranda of each door, By selecting from the above, it is possible to solve the problem of installing an evacuation room provided in a building so as to be optimal for evacuation. Of course, earthquake resistance is required for buildings. If the outer wall and doorway wall are double walls, the earthquake resistance will be improved, and if the space is used as an evacuation room, it can be said that there are two birds with one stone. In addition, since the required air amount is lower in the upper floors, the floor area is not substantially reduced.
According to Boyle's law, the air volume in the evacuation room starts to increase and shrinks according to the external water pressure. If there is a hole in the wall, the air can easily escape into the water. You must be aware of this. As a common precaution, air leaks are fatal, so double and triple safety measures are taken. The building may be cracked by a huge earthquake in front of the tsunami. Inside the evacuation room, it is preferable to provide a bag-like shape body or structure that is convex upward and separated from the wall along the inside of the wall. If it is separated from the wall so that the deformation force at the time of the earthquake is not transmitted, a plastic plate or a thin steel plate may be used. It is like a supermarket shopping bag, and it is also effective to fold a convex bag over a 1m square size image and wear it from the head. If the entrance / exit height is 1 m, it will be flooded immediately, so prepare a step ladder and a high stepladder. By doing so, even if drifting objects come in, they will not hit, and they will not scoop their feet with buoyancy, and will be able to breathe the air in the ceiling that cannot be reached. In general, there are holes in the building walls that allow air to escape, such as windows, cooler mounting holes, kitchen ventilation fans, electrical wiring mounting holes, and outlets. It must be secured in a section that is avoided on a plane. If the dimension between the walls inside the evacuation room and the separation width are at least 1 m, they can be put up. Since the area of the door room is naturally larger than the area of the evacuation room, the air volume is calculated by multiplying the effective vertical height, width, and length of the wall, assuming the number of people. The effective vertical height of the air retention in the evacuation room underwater is the height from the apex height point of the doorway where the compression starts according to Boyle's law to the ceiling. The lower the doorway height, the greater the amount of air that can be secured in the underwater evacuation room. If it is 1m to 1.2m in height, it will be low and you will have to bow down, but it is not inconvenient because it is a sudden place. It is easy to get in and out if you take a high entrance / exit height, but because it is a volume calculation, you have to reduce the living area accordingly. Therefore, consider sharing the use with any room in the door. In particular, when it also serves as a walk-in closet, storage room, and storage, a high entrance / exit of about 2 m is required, but it is necessary to secure an air volume without increasing the occupied area. Therefore, the entrance / exit is a residential door to prevent intrusion of drifting objects, and the interior of the bag is shaped like a bellows that folds upward from the entrance / exit height and has a bellows-like fold from the entrance / exit height. In the case of a tsunami, a large air volume can be secured by hanging the curtain to the floor. In order not to make a hole in the ceiling of the bag, the clothes hook should be under the ceiling of the bag, and the clothes should be moved with casters. The width of the entrance / exit can be narrow but relatively free if there is no concern about the entry of drifting objects. The entrance / exit part of the evacuation room may be left open, but it is not particularly inconvenient if it is closed with a residential partition door door, a reduced version for the entrance door, which is unsealed and airborne Direct entry into the evacuation room can also be avoided. When it also serves as an intrusion, an evacuation room is provided at the top, and the entrance and exit from the indentation ceiling that also serves as the floor. Overall, the design air volume is relatively generous, so even if the number of families increases during the years or decades before the earthquake arrives, there will be no problem with increasing capacity or evacuation. The required volume of air in the evacuation room is relatively small compared to the living space, and if it also serves as a walk-in closet, storage room, storage, and close-in, even in a room with a narrow housing situation, The problem can be solved. If it is desired to secure an entrance / exit height of about 2 m, there is a method of waterproofing the packing between the back side of the door and the wall on the receiving side. If the entrance door of the single room is an evacuation room or the entrance door of the walk-in closet, and if the entrance of the evacuation room is a high door, applying a waterproof waterproof door of about 2m high will cause problems with the tightness of the entrance. Can be eliminated. In this case as well, the evacuation room should be a non-sealed structure so as not to receive a large water pressure, and should be a semi-waterproof door with a gap between about 1 m and below, without packing waterproofing. Further, when the lower part of the door without packing is pushed in by water pressure, an opening force is applied to the upper part of the door and the sealing performance of the packing is lost. Therefore, the lower part of the door is restrained from being displaced by hard rubber.

In order to solve such problems, the building structure with an evacuation room for tsunami, flood, and storm surge prevention of the present invention has a solid evacuation room that can survive even if the building is submerged during a tsunami, flood, or storm surge. The ceiling slab and the side wall upper part of the evacuation room are the walls without air vents and air holes, and the open doorway is opened on the floor slab, the side wall lower part or the outer wall lower part, and the column part sleeve wall lower part of the evacuation room. By providing it, it is an unsealed structure that surrounds the convex space above, has a volume to hold the necessary air volume during submergence, evacuates by using pillars, beams, walls, slabs that will be the structural framework of the building The room wall is integrated with the building.

The evacuation room may be an evacuation room, all or part of the top floor of the building, or one, one, one or several rooms, several rooms, or several rooms of the building.

Evacuate the upper and lower floors of the evacuation room on the outdoor staircase and emergency staircase using pillars, beams and outer walls of the building, or on the indoor staircase or indoor side using the outer wall of the indoor staircase of the building. It is characterized as a room

In addition, the evacuation room is provided inside the building, the door boundary wall connecting between the pillars of the building has a double wall structure, a partition wall is provided in the middle, and the evacuation room is divided between adjacent areas. And

In addition, the evacuation room shall be provided inside each door, room, and room of the building, and the walls of the evacuation room shall share the pillar, beam or outer wall of the building, the door wall, ceiling slab, and floor slab. The remaining side walls are ceiling slabs, and the outer walls, door walls, and if there is no problem with deformation, they are fixed to a part of the floor slab, and are generally located on the upper and lower floors or two adjacent rooms, two rooms, two rooms or more. It is characterized by being paired.

The evacuation room is provided in each building, each room, and the ceiling of each room, and the bottom floor slab of the evacuation room is positioned from the wall above the building window frame to the ceiling, or a ventilation opening. The side walls are fixed using ceiling slabs, door walls, and outer walls on the window frame. It is characterized by doing.

In addition, the evacuation room shall be provided on each door, each room, and the outside veranda of the building, and the pillar, the columnar sleeve wall and the outer wall shall be shared, and the remaining side walls shall be the veranda ceiling slab and the veranda floor. A part of the slab and the outer wall is used for fixing, and is generally paired with two or more floors above and below or two adjacent rooms, two rooms, and two or more rooms.

The semi-waterproof door for the high entrance / exit of the evacuation room is provided with packing waterproof on the upper half of the door and the receiving side when the entrance / exit of the evacuation room is about 2 m high, and the bottom half is not waterproof. It is characterized by that.
Solid buildings are RC, S, SRC, and CFT structures.
Convex upward refers to a state in which the bowl is turned down, the upper part is surrounded by solid material, the air is stored in water, and the lower part is released. In the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped evacuation room, the air is enclosed by the ceiling and its side, and the entrance is opened at the bottom.
The non-sealing structure is an expression in contrast to the sealing structure, and means a structure that has holes in the structure, does not block air, and allows water to be submerged in water.
One room, one room, one house is a partitioned room with walls separated by pillars for classrooms, offices, conferences, etc. when the former two are not for residential use, and the latter is a family unit for households and a household unit A room separated by a border wall.

At first glance, the coastal area is sparse, and there seems to be no demand for buildings such as condominiums and housing, but if it is a condominium with a tsunami evacuation room, its asset value is also evaluated. Even low-rise buildings are effective against tsunami. If you are swallowed by a tsunami, you can wipe out the fear, preconceptions, and stereotypes that you cannot help. If there is a desire to save the give-up that there is no such measure, you will be motivated to survive. The fear of a tsunami that is unknown when it is attacked is removed. Reflective, you can evacuate voluntarily. As a hopeful development, when one small evacuation building is made, not a few residents move there. The ruins are gathered together and a medium-scale evacuation building is constructed there. A medium number of residents move there. If the ruins are put together, a larger land can be secured and a larger building will be built. With this repeated effect, safe evacuation buildings will be established and effective plazas will be secured one after another. If the building is a hybrid building with the top floor as an evacuation room and the first floor as a store, store employees can work with peace of mind, and this will help revitalize the region. If the construction of several buildings is preceded in the sense of raising the first term, the speed of measures against tsunami that may be tomorrow will accelerate. If this happens, it is not a dream to attract tourists and hotels. At the same time, it can be said that planned guidance and construction guidance for evacuated buildings are also effective.
Structurally, the structure of the evacuation room is an unsealed structure with an opening at the bottom, so that there is no difference in internal and external water pressure in the evacuation room even if it is submerged in an unexpected large tsunami, and the structural wall is due to the water pressure difference. There is no bending moment load, no expensive sealed door is required, so much wall thickness is not required, and there are few problems such as special pressure-resistant design, design difficulty, and special material costs.
Even in a solid building, you cannot be sure that the tsunami will not go over how many floors. It is possible to save many lives by increasing the number of solid building structures with evacuation rooms. Assuming that the height of the first floor of the apartment is 3m and the 20m tsunami forecast, residents from the 1st floor to the 7th floor, looking at safety unexpectedly, need to evacuate down to the 10th floor. According to the ruler's evacuation manual, the chances of getting lost on the way are high, and a sad ending is expected as a matter of course. However, if you have your own safe evacuation room, you can live a peaceful and secure daily life without worrying about your daily life. Eliminate the anxious situation of people designated as difficult to evacuate every day. Of the maximum of 330,000 deaths, it can save the lives of many who are desperate and give up evacuation. The tragic news that young lives will be killed in groups at elementary schools will not run around the world. This is the significance of helping the group. Schools are obliged to keep their children safe, so teachers are freed from the mental burden of being held on trial for guidance. Parents can also spend their daily lives with peace of mind. In workplaces such as factory buildings and offices, managers are responsible for protecting the lives of employees who support their families. All employees can help and play a social role in the supply chain. Families can live their daily lives without worrying about the future. There is no sorrow if you have a manager. If you run away from the factory premises with a commuter car at once, it will cause heavy traffic jams, confusion, and inconveniences in the area. A family living in the daytime can also be entrusted with peace of mind.
At the fishing port, it is difficult to raise the seawall, and if there is an evacuation room, the people involved in the fish market and fish slaughterhouse can escape immediately. It can also be handled at a hospital. If you have a evacuation room in a supermarket that you stop by on a daily basis and have high usage, there is no worry about going out for shopping. You can evacuate at your hotel, so you can rest assured that hotels with tsunami evacuation rooms have higher priority. There is no worry of a decrease in tourists. It is effective even in public facilities such as libraries, public halls, and government offices that are used by an unspecified number of people, and is a safe base for local residents. Many low-rise buildings with evacuation rooms can be arranged in close proximity at the expense of raising the seawall and building high tsunami evacuation buildings and tsunami evacuation towers, which can save more people's lives. Many low-rise buildings are inexpensive and can be installed. Increasing the number means increasing the probability of being close. Students on the way to work or office workers can also jump in immediately. In addition, many lives on the go are saved. It can be installed anywhere in coastal areas and fishing port areas where the population is small. It can be said that evacuation drills and awareness of disaster prevention are heightened when hopes are saved in every place and scene. It can be said that the self-help awareness that protects oneself increases. If there are many evacuation rooms in close contact with the living space and activity space of a solid building, it will be the closest in many time zones of 24 hours, and evacuation will be possible in 5 minutes. Can occupy.
The evacuation room in the room is surprisingly useful because it can store miscellaneous items during normal times. Naturally, in an emergency, life is important, and it is thrown out without thinking. It can be stored and occupies little daily space, which is an important point for the small housing situation in Japan. If you understand that you can be submerged and safe in the water, you will not panic, you can act calmly and support a peaceful mind. It can be said that the value of assets increases in apartments with tsunami evacuation rooms.
Pregnant women, senior citizens, and elementary school students can save the mental and physical burdens of evacuation warnings, daily training, and night evacuation drills. When she evacuates due to an earthquake, she prays that a tsunami will not come if the weather is bad, such as heavy snow and heavy rain, and hesitates to go outside. On the other hand, many people could lose their lives because they went outside. How safe it is to have an evacuation room in my home. You don't need to drive a car so you can enjoy your dinner slowly. Enjoy bathing. I can sleep well. In the predicted area where the tsunami arrival time is a few minutes, the regional disaster prevention plan can only be formulated with the hill relocation plan, but it can be said that the choices will expand by incorporating the measures of the present invention. Don't hesitate to change the concept of disaster prevention. Since the collectives can be evacuated on the spot in units of families, classrooms, and workplaces, it is less likely that they will run away and be lost, and the search will be very expensive.
Even with the help of rooftop evacuation from the owners of tall buildings, conventional seawall embankment and hill relocation, tsunami evacuation buildings, and tsunami evacuation towers are not only for huge budgets, but also for installation on long coastlines in Japan It takes years and there is no guarantee of safety against unexpected tsunami heights. In other words, you can't live with peace of mind. There is no sad evil that humans who are alive in nature and the beautiful sea cannot be seen. A disaster does not choose time and place. It may be tomorrow and will not wait. In addition to the tsunami of the coming Nankai Trough earthquake, and the tsunami, the present invention is also effective as an aid for disaster prevention measures in areas below the sea level and in areas along the ceiling river when floods occur during storm surges and heavy rains, rivers are flooded due to bank breaks. In any case, if you combine and complement the planned measures for public evacuation shelters that can maintain the necessary air volume even if submerged in an unexpected large tsunami that exceeds the predicted tsunami height, Useful for planning regional disaster prevention comprehensive plans. It can be said that it is particularly effective in areas where disaster prevention budget plans cannot catch up because it can be dealt with individually. Regardless of the evacuation warning and instructions, you can evacuate by voluntary judgment, so you will not be exhausted by the warning. Naturally, I must not hesitate to protect myself for the tsunami that may be tomorrow. This is not the case when you are asking for all the administration that is your life. It is also enlightening for those who have given up that they cannot evacuate because they are close, inexpensive, and can be applied quickly. Enjoy peaceful and enjoyable daily life such as daily supper. If the ceiling is installed, the floor area of architecture and registration will not be reduced. Low-rise condominiums that are considered dangerous are recognized as safe facilities and are being built. If that happens, more people will be saved and a synergistic effect will be expected. After all, it's hard to replace the feeling of life and being free from daily life and the sense of security around you.

Front view of the building with the entire top floor as a shared evacuation room. Building top view with the entire top floor as a shared evacuation room. Side view of the building with the entire top floor as a shared evacuation room. The building front view which makes a part of the top floor a common refuge room. The building front view which uses two of the buildings as shared evacuation rooms. The front view of a building with a shared evacuation room integrated on the outside of the outer wall of the outdoor staircase and emergency staircase. The top view of a building with a shared evacuation room integrated on the outside of the outer wall of the outdoor staircase and emergency staircase. The top view of a building with a shared evacuation room in which the outer wall outside of the indoor staircase is integrated as a double wall and the entrance is provided on the staircase side. A plan view of a building with a door-to-door evacuation room that uses pillars, beams, ceiling slabs, and floor slabs of the building to integrate the boundary walls between the pillars into a double wall. A plan view of a building with a door-to-door evacuation room, in which the inner wall of the indoor staircase is integrated as a double wall, the entrance is provided in the door, and the inner wall of the building and the door wall are double walls. A plan view of a building with a door-to-door evacuation room that uses a pillar, a beam, a part of the boundary wall, a ceiling slab, and a floor slab, and is integrated with a wall inside the door that is symmetrical to the neighboring door. A plan view of a building with a door-to-door evacuation room that uses pillars, beams, part of the door wall, ceiling slab, and floor slab, and further integrates the inner wall of the indoor staircase as a double wall. Floor plan of a building with a separate evacuation room that uses pillars, sleeve walls, outer walls, doorside walls, ceiling slabs, and floor slabs, and is enclosed and integrated with the interior walls of the doors. The front view of a building with a door-to-door evacuation room that integrates a vertical wall and a bottom floor slab in the upper space using an outer wall and a ceiling slab above the window frame in the ceiling. The top view of a building with a door-to-door evacuation room that integrates a vertical wall and a bottom floor slab in the upper space using an outer wall and a ceiling slab above the window frame in the ceiling. In the veranda part, the pillar and sleeve walls, the outer wall, the outer wall on the window frame, the veranda ceiling slab, and the floor slab are enclosed and integrated with the wall outside the door, and the outer wall of the building is made into a doorway from the inside of the door The building front view with the door-to-door evacuation room of the example used as the entrance / exit of the veranda door outside. In the veranda part, the pillar and sleeve walls, the outer wall, the outer wall on the window frame, the veranda ceiling slab, and the floor slab are enclosed and integrated with the wall outside the door, and the outer wall of the building is made into a doorway from the inside of the door The building top view with the door-to-door evacuation room of the example used as the entrance / exit of the veranda door outside. This door is used when the height of the entrance / exit of the evacuation room is as high as 2m. The upper half has packing waterproofing, the lower half has no packing waterproofing, the lower part has displacement suppression, and the stopper is made of hard rubber. Front view of the door Cross section of the back wall of the door that is supposed to be waterproofed with rubber tube packing and the wall on the receiving side

In the tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake, there was intense muddy flow and drifting objects. At first, they slipped through buildings, roads and alleys. The wooden houses were destroyed and uprooted, but many of the rigid reinforced concrete buildings were left with windows destroyed. Conversely, it can be said that since the windows were destroyed, the water flowed through the cylinder, and the building itself was not affected. This can be used for the arrangement of evacuation rooms. By providing an evacuation room in a parallel direction to the corners and door walls hidden behind the windows of the reinforced concrete outer wall, it is not so much torrent, and it is possible to remove drifting objects by hand, It may be possible to change. The mainstream torrent flows from the torn window on the sea side to the window on the other side. Similarly, it is possible to avoid the direct hit of drifting objects at the ceiling part, which is hidden above the walls of the solid building and above the ceiling. If direct collision can be avoided, it can be said that there is less concern about damage.
Buildings that are vulnerable to large tsunamis become fine dust on the edge of the tree. It is wise to use the firmness of a solid building. In other words, it is possible to make full use of the solidity by utilizing structural framework columns, beams, walls and slabs. There is no refuge in an area where a 10m high tsunami strikes in a few minutes. It is important to secure an air space that does not float on the tsunami, does not flow, does not tip over, does not break, and can survive even if submerged in the tsunami. The solid building itself satisfies the resistance to buoyancy, outflow, toppling, and destruction, so the evacuation room integrated using columns, beams, walls, and slabs, which are the structural framework, can be clinging. There is a great resistance to tsunamis such as spills.
In coastal areas, demand for high-rise buildings is expected to be low. First of all, it is safe to assume that evacuation rooms are designed to submerge low-rise buildings, and have evacuation rooms that can hold the required air volume for the submergence time * number of people evacuated. It is. The fact that the air does not escape in the water and can hold the air means that the shape of the evacuation room forms a convex shape on the ceiling slab and the four vertical walls surrounding the periphery. If it is integrated with the floor slab, the rigidity increases. Three or many sides are possible, but for simplicity, it can be said to be mainly four side walls. It is necessary to provide an entrance under the side wall of the evacuation room. If possible, the height of the entrance / exit should be as low as possible, about 1 m to 1.2 m. Since the height from the apex height of the doorway to the ceiling is the effective height of air retention, the volume calculation can reduce the floor area decrease even though the doorway is bent and cramped. A large amount of air can be secured up to the ceiling, and the entry of large drifting objects can be suppressed.
The water pressure in the evacuation room is the external water pressure at the height of the tsunami, and since it is an opening, the air pressure inside is equal to the external water pressure. That is, if the outside of the building is a tsunami of 10 m, it is 2 atmospheres, and it can be said that the air volume of the evacuation room in the building is halved to 1/2 = 0.5. The internal air is compressed and the flooded water level rises to that extent, but it is safe because the air is always stored while being compressed. If the evacuation room is a sealed structure, it is half 0.5 ≒ 0.8 * 0.8 * 0.8, that is, the dimension of the sealed structure is simply reduced to 0.8. Although it is a calculation that requires a large pressure, since it is open, there is no pressure difference inside and outside to allow water intrusion, the evacuation room itself does not shrink, and the water level only rises by the equivalent of air volume compression according to Boyle's law It is. Since the internal and external pressures are balanced against further unexpected pressures, a special structural design such as a sealed structure is not required. Even if the tsunami height is unexpected, the air rises with the surface of the water and can be held in the evacuation room. However, even if the air volume can be calculated, there is concern about unexpected situations in the impact and sharpness of drifting objects. Therefore, it can be said that it is hard to avoid collision as much as possible, that is, to select the installation position, and to achieve double and triple safety even if it is broken.
The sealed structure is directly impacted, and if it is damaged, the air escapes all at once. The structure is strong enough to withstand water pressure, has a thick wall thickness, and requires special equipment such as a pressure-resistant hatch at the entrance and exit. On the other hand, even in the open type of the non-sealing structure, it is necessary to store air in a space protruding upward, and it is obvious that if the air escapes in water, it is a fatal wound, and cracks must be sufficiently foreseen. Double and triple safety should be taken, such as providing a convex bag inside. In addition to ventilation openings and ventilation fans, there are many obstacles such as decorative boards, ceiling wiring, soundproof material spaces, lighting fixtures, smoke detectors, wiring pipes, outlet outlets, etc. Design is necessary. Naturally, the mounting holes should not be easily provided on the top convex part. Even if reinforced with putty, it becomes a fatal defect under water pressure. In the following examples, an apartment is taken as an example.
Arrangement of evacuation rooms takes advantage of the rigidity of the pillars, beams, walls and slabs that will be the structural framework of the building. Due to the structural balance of the building, it is symmetrically arranged with respect to the building, with two or more penetrating walls and walls. Basically, it should be plane coincidence or a symmetrical arrangement of two or more adjacent houses. It can be said that structural arrangement is strengthened by balance arrangement and integration, and resistance to deformation at the time of earthquake increases. The structural instability of evacuation rooms mainly composed of walls is also eliminated. However, if it is too constrained, there is a risk of cracking from the displacement during the earthquake. Cracks in the corners of the ceiling slab, evacuation room, and vertical wall may be fatal, so the upper floor slab directly above it and the side wall and vertical wall of the evacuation room are not rigidly connected to absorb deformation. Providing this gap may also be a measure or contrivance to relieve stress concentration in the ceiling of the downstairs. In the evacuation room, there is a step back, a stepladder, emergency food, emergency water, clothes and other disaster prevention rucksacks, floats, flashlights, radios, ropes, scoops, and an upwardly convex 1m3 folded plastic bag for personal use. If you need it, you will be prepared for it.
The arrangement of evacuation rooms for building structures can be provided for individual households, shared for all households, or for local communities. Considering the situation of the family, workplace, commuting, shopping, and other daily social life routes, combining them together will further expand the range of use and contribution.
The tsunami evacuation building is a building corresponding to a height higher than the expected height of the tsunami, but since elevators are prohibited from use during an earthquake, it may be possible to run out of power if there is not enough time to arrive at the upper floor. The Therefore, for the local residents, if the evacuation room is installed on the middle floor of the stairs, you can escape during the evacuation to the upper floor, so you can feel safe and encouraging. That is, it can be said that the combined use of the tsunami evacuation building and the building structure with an evacuation room of the present invention is a further effective form of use.

When all or a part of the top floor of the building is used as an evacuation room, the structural frame pillar, beam, wall, and slab of the building are extended to the top of the top floor and integrated structure analysis and structural design are performed. The outer wall including the ceiling on the top floor is designed as an evacuation room with a full wall without windows. Therefore, wave pressure is applied to the straight wall on the top floor. The wave pressure applied to the top floor has a significant effect as the falling moment of the building. The effect of wave pressure must be minimized. First, consider the layout direction of the building itself. Depending on the shape of the site, it is possible to reduce the pressure receiving area by increasing the number of downstairs windows to face the sea, or by making the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the sea to increase the fall resistance. When providing a window on the wall, use a small observation window at a low position near the floor. The same applies to the ventilation holes. In any case, it is important to judge from the relationship with the amount of air required for survival in water. The entrance / exit is formed by hollowing out the floor portion of the evacuation room, that is, from the ceiling part of the downstairs, and provided with a stairway extending from the downstairs. The side of the staircase is enclosed and the entrance door is provided at the lower step of the staircase. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the invasion of drifting objects. Evacuation room floor slabs are directly provided with access holes and doors, which can be opened and closed easily and easily escaped from a vertical ladder. Since the space height from the small window on the floor of the evacuation room and the ventilation hole to the upper ceiling is effective for the air retention amount, if the doorway is provided below the floor of the evacuation room, the door door height will be sufficient within the floor height It is easy to get in and out if it is a 2m entrance door. The evacuation room on the top floor is large and easy to occupy, so it can be opened as a storage for emergency supplies and a refuge for neighboring residents. The outer wall is basically a straight wall, but in order to reduce the wave pressure, it can be slanted, trapezoidal, triangular roof, kamaboko, arch, or dome. Furthermore, since the space for the required air volume for the number of inhabitants has room, the ceiling height can be lowered to about 2 to 2.5 m. Alternatively, there is no need to use the entire top floor as an evacuation room, and a part of the top floor may be used as an evacuation room. The door wall is structurally stronger and more stable. If the evacuation room is made independent by the boundary wall, even if the wall of one evacuation room is destroyed, the air in the convex evacuation room will not escape, so double safety can be secured. An entrance / exit with a height of about 1.0m to 1.2m will be provided below the boundary wall. The destroyed evacuation room becomes underwater, but it can dive and move smoothly to the next room filled with air. The amount of air up to the ceiling that is higher than the connection port height is effective in water and is the amount of air that must be secured to survive.
In a 6-story condominium, if the floor height is 3m and a 20m high tsunami hits, the entire apartment will be submerged, but the top floor evacuation room will be submerged even if submerged, the water depth is shallow, so the water pressure There is little burden. In addition, since the water disappears immediately at the low tide, the amount of air required is small. A wide space can be taken. As a result, a small tsunami of 10m will not get wet. That is, the top floor evacuation room can be provided effectively and easily for people.

When evacuating the entire room from one to several of the buildings, the pillars, beams, walls, and slabs of the building are used as they are, and the windows of the evacuation rooms are full walls without windows. A doorway is required in the room, and the amount of air retention is effective from the height of the doorway to the ceiling to keep the water underwater, so the entrance door is too high for the so-called residential entrance door, so it should be low However, the amount of air stored is large. Alternatively, there is also a choice of a semi-waterproof door with a height of about 2 and a lower half that is breathable and water permeable. Like the evacuation room on the top floor, it can be used as a storage for emergency supplies and as a refuge for neighboring residents. If the use permits, there are a wide range of uses, such as meetinghouses, coffee shops, rooms, entertainment rooms, nurseries, and warehouses. The number of evacuation rooms will be reduced as much as possible according to the number of residents, considering the structural balance and wave pressure of the building. If there are few residents, pay attention to cost sharing.

In the case where the building is integrated using the outer walls of the outdoor staircase and emergency staircase, the building structure is more stable. If the inner corridor and the transit corridor are extended and communicated, the movement will be horizontal, and evacuation will be faster than vertical movement. Alternatively, it may be moved horizontally through the veranda partition panel of each door. If an emergency staircase is provided outside the evacuation room, the emergency staircase can be used for evacuation in the event of a fire, and it is also useful for accepting evacuation from outside by neighboring residents. In particular, the direction of the hotel is the same as the guidance to the emergency staircase in the event of a fire emergency, and even tourists who are not familiar with the land can evacuate immediately, so safety PR can be promoted and the need for horizontal evacuation is high. Of course, there is a merit that you can escape to the upper floor along the emergency stairs one after another while watching the increasing tsunami height outside. The upper floor has less pressure burden, so it is well known and guided by plain training.

When using the outer wall of the indoor staircase of the building to integrate, the stairs can be moved to either direction and the outer wall of the dwelling unit on the opposite side of the passageway can be used more widely. If the staircase turns back in the middle of the floor, the outer wall on either side will be used. There is a merit that you can evacuate immediately after exiting the entrance of the dwelling unit, and the room area does not decrease. However, since there are some problems in the cold or during bathing, the outer wall may be integrated with the inner wall of each dwelling unit to form an evacuation room inside the dwelling unit.

When the evacuation room is installed in each house in an integrated manner, it is necessary to devise individual measures. That is, when integrating using the doorway wall between each door, it can be set as a double wall. In this case, it can also improve the earthquake resistance of the building. By providing a partition wall in the middle, strength is strengthened, and mutual use between two adjacent units, independence of the evacuation room, and privacy are maintained. Furthermore, a double wall can also be provided on the outer wall side.

When using a part of the boundary wall, a wall symmetrical to the neighboring door is provided to reduce the floor area of a part of the living room or use the upper part of the indentation. The former can be used as a storage room, a container, or a walk-in closet on a daily basis. The latter opening should be placed above the indentation. In order to absorb deformation, it may be better to provide a gap between the floor slab and the side wall and vertical wall of the evacuation room.

When using the ceiling space of each house and integrating it with the ceiling slab, a wide space with a wall above the window frame of the building can be used. In this case, there is a drawback that the ceiling of the living room is lowered, but the living area is not reduced. During evacuation, you can lie on your back for a while, so it is enough if you have a comfortable space of 1m. Even if air is compressed by a large tsunami and the water level in the evacuation room rises, the top does not hit the ceiling, so the mouth can be close to the ceiling, and even if there is a small amount of air, 100% of the remaining ceiling air remains. It is not necessary to be able to smoke effectively.
An empty space of about 6m3 can be secured with an aerial floor space of 2m * 3m for a family of six. Since the floor area does not decrease directly, it seems to be relatively acceptable. The doorway will be the floor in the sky and in the air, and use the stepladder prepared along the top of the entrance and along the vertical wall of the building. If it is provided close to one corner of the living room, the feeling of pressure and blockage due to the low ceiling is alleviated. A disaster rescuer needs an assistant to lift. In some cases, it may be necessary to provide a lift and pulley at the opening and lift it up. The ceiling part does not interfere with daily life and is large in area and sufficient for the amount of stored air. If you want to keep things in a large space, you can leave it as it is. For added peace of mind, drifting objects will slip out if an openable face is provided at the bottom. If the specific gravity of a person with a weight of 60 kg is 1.0, the amount of air is reduced to 1-0.06 = 0.94m3 when a person evacuates into it, but this level is just before the flooding to the bottom of the ceiling evacuation room There is a delay in the raising time until the actual raising time due to the arrival of the tsunami on the floor of the room, and it is not a problem because fresh air can be secured at low tide.

When integrating using the veranda of each house, it shall be provided outside the living room using columns, beams, outer walls, and slabs of the structural framework of the building. If possible, a veranda on the opposite side of the sea is desirable. The entrance / exit can be provided laterally on the wall of the veranda outside the building, but if you make a through hole in the outer wall of the building, you can evacuate while staying inside the room, so you can evacuate easily and easily even in winter. Of course, the room area does not decrease. A large amount of air can be secured by taking the upper part of the evacuation room over the outer wall on the window frame. Providing a partition wall in the middle of the evacuation room reinforces the direct impact of the tsunami and maintains privacy with the neighbors.

If you want to use the entrance door of a single room as an evacuation room or the entrance door of a walk-in closet, and if you want the entrance of an indoor evacuation room to be a high door, a packing waterproof door with a height of about 2 meters will prevent the entrance from being cramped. The problem can be solved. In this case as well, the evacuation room should be an unsealed structure so as not to be subjected to high water pressure. The space below 1m, which is about half the height of the door, should be a semi-waterproof door with no gap and no waterproofing. is there. Further, when the lower part of the door without packing is pushed in by water pressure, a force that opens to the upper part of the door is applied and the sealing performance of the packing is lost. Therefore, the lower part of the door is restrained from being displaced by a hard rubber serving as a stopper. For the packing applied to the uneven wall on the back side and receiving side of the door, a material excellent in deformability and adhesion such as soft rubber and rubber tube is desired. The packing is a double or triple double stage depending on the material.

In the coastal area of the Nankai Trough earthquake, where a large tsunami due to a linked earthquake is expected to strike in a few minutes, there is no time to wait for long-term countermeasures such as seawalls. We need a sense of crisis to protect me personally in the coming invasion tomorrow. It can be installed indoors and can be evacuated quickly. With this device, it can be saved by family, school classroom, or workplace group. Demand for new construction in coastal areas will also increase. In addition to tsunami, a wide range of measures such as storm surge, flood, tornado, blast, etc., becoming an emergency shelter, strengthening the national land, and overlapping with regional disaster prevention measures, Japan has a lot of natural disasters, it has changed from anxious life, safer and more secure Daily life is possible. Condominiums with tsunami evacuation rooms have high asset value and may be in demand to save the estimated 1 million victims. There is great potential for demand even in areas of the Great Sea of Japan earthquake and tsunami.

1 Evacuation room 2 Escape room entrance 3 Pillar 4 Beam 5 Wall
6 outer wall
7 Boundary Wall
8 Ceiling slab
9 Floor slab
10 Double wall
11 Window 12 Veranda 13 Shared corridor 14 Outdoor staircase section, emergency staircase section 15 Indoor staircase section 16 Elevator 17 Partition wall 18 Walk-in closet 19 Pillar sleeve wall, outer wall 20 Predicted tsunami height, submerged height, water level 21 Evacuation room, Side walls, vertical walls, vertical walls 22 from the lower floors Veranda ceiling floor slab 30 Semi-waterproof door 31 2 m high, concrete wall 32 on the receiving side Waterproof packing, rubber tube example 33 Displacement suppression material, hard rubber Example 34 Door knob 35 Butterfly 36 Gap air prevention rib

Claims (2)

The solid building has an evacuation room that can survive even if the building is submerged in the event of a tsunami, flood, or storm surge, and has an unsealed structure that surrounds the convex space above it. Using the pillars, beams, walls, and slabs that are the structural framework of the building, the evacuation room wall is integrated with the building, the door is provided as an entrance, and above the door knob and lever handle on the receiving side Tsunami, flood, storm surge characterized by having a doorway structure with semi-waterproof doors for high entrances of about 2m in an evacuation room with packing waterproofing on the upper half of the door and no packing waterproofing on the lower half Building structure with evacuation room for countermeasures . A door provided at the entrance / exit of an evacuation room, characterized in that the upper half of the door above the door and the receiving side door knob, lever handle, etc. is sealed with packing waterproof, and the lower half has no packing waterproof. Semi-waterproof door for a high entrance of about 2m in the room .

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