JP6496780B2 - Evacuation pipe structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a resin evacuation pipe structure.

  In urban planning, there is a need for an evacuation system that allows residents to evacuate smoothly to evacuation sites when large-scale natural disasters such as tsunami disasters and tornado disasters occur. For example, in places where tsunamis occur, evacuation passages that allow residents to evacuate smoothly to high evacuation sites are required, and in places where tornadoes occur, shelters are required to evacuate from flying objects. (See Patent Document 1). Furthermore, helicopters and the like are used to evacuate a large number of victims, and a heliport or the like is required at or near the evacuation site.

JP 2014-020021 A

By the way, when planning the above-described evacuation system, high durability against vibration is desired for the evacuation pipe structures such as a shelter, an evacuation passage, and a heliport.
An object of this invention is to provide the evacuation pipe | tube structure which can raise the tolerance with respect to a vibration.

An evacuation pipe structure that solves the problems as described above includes a pipe body having a space part of a size that allows a person to live or pass through, and an entrance / exit that enters and exits the space part, and the pipe body is a thermoplastic resin. The evacuation pipe structure is formed by a plurality of the pipe bodies, each pipe is connected so as to communicate with the inside of the other pipe body, and constitutes an evacuation path. An entrance / exit of the tubular body located at one end is connected to an entrance structure, an entrance / exit of the tubular body located at the other end of the escape passage is connected to an exit structure, and a plurality of the tubular bodies Each of the pipes is connected so as to communicate with the pipes of the other pipe bodies, and is provided with a spare pipe line, and the escape passage and the spare pipe line are connected via a connecting pipe.
According to the said structure, the tolerance with respect to a vibration is improved in an evacuation passage.

  In the evacuation pipe structure, it is preferable that the evacuation passage includes a sidewalk and is connected to the connection pipe in a space portion below the sidewalk.

An evacuation pipe structure that solves the problems as described above includes a pipe body having a space part of a size that allows a person to live or pass through, and an entrance / exit that enters and exits the space part, and the pipe body is a thermoplastic resin. An evacuation pipe structure formed by the above-mentioned, comprising a plurality of the pipe bodies, wherein the pipe bodies are connected to each other such that the pipe axes are parallel to each other, A plate body is disposed on a surface perpendicular to the surface, and is configured as a mega float.
According to the above evacuation pipe structure, resistance to vibration is enhanced in the mega float.

In the above evacuation pipe structure, the pipe body may be provided with at least one of phosphorescence and reflectivity.
In the evacuation pipe structure, the mega float may be configured by connecting a unit configured by connecting a plurality of the pipe bodies by a connection mechanism.
In the evacuation pipe structure, the connection mechanism may include a string member.
In the evacuation pipe structure, the pipe body may be a shelter or a stockpile.

In the evacuation pipe structure, the thermoplastic resin may be high-density polyethylene.
Moreover, the said pipe structure for evacuation WHEREIN: The said pipe body is good also as a structure by which the rib is provided in the outer surface in cyclic | annular form or spiral shape.
The resistance to the load of the evacuation tube structure is higher as the thickness of the tube wall of the tube body is larger, while the weight of the evacuation tube structure is larger as the thickness of the tube wall of the tube body is larger. In this respect, according to the evacuation pipe structure, the rib has higher resistance to the load of the evacuation pipe structure than the evacuation pipe structure having no rib on the outer surface, and the evacuation pipe The weight of the structure is increased by the ribs. Therefore, it is possible to change the design values for the ribs without changing the design values related to the entire tubular body, such as the diameter of the tubular body and the length of the tubular body, so that the resistance and weight required for the evacuation tubular structure are compatible. Can be realized.

In the evacuation pipe structure, the pipe body may have a configuration in which a large number of hollow portions are provided on a pipe wall.
According to the said evacuation pipe structure, the heat insulation with respect to the inside of the pipe is enhanced by the pipe wall.

  According to the present invention, since the tubular body is formed of a thermoplastic resin, resistance to vibration of the evacuation tubular structure can be increased.

It is a block diagram of a coastal city evacuation system. It is sectional drawing of the evacuation channel | path of an evacuation system. It is a perspective view of an evacuation passage and a backup pipeline. (A)-(d) is sectional drawing of a tubular body with a flat side wall surface, (e)-(g) is sectional drawing of the tubular body which provided the rib on the side wall surface. (A) is a perspective view which shows the side wall of the pipe body of a two-layer structure, (b) is a perspective view which shows the side wall of the pipe body of a three-layer structure. It is a perspective view which shows the state in which the shelter was installed on the roof of a building. It is a partially cutaway perspective view of a shelter. It is sectional drawing which shows the state with which the horizontal type shelter was connected. It is a perspective view which shows the shelter which connected the horizontal type pipe body. It is sectional drawing of the shelter shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of a vertical shelter. It is sectional drawing of the shelter shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of an embedding type shelter. It is a perspective view of a mega float. It is a perspective sectional view of a mega float.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of an evacuation system including a shelter, an evacuation passage, and a mega float as an example of an evacuation pipe structure will be described with reference to FIGS.
[Outline of evacuation system]

  As shown in FIG. 1, an area where the evacuation system 1 is provided is, for example, a city in a coastal area, and a residential area 3 is generally provided in a coastal area or lowland along a coastline with high convenience. . Specifically, the residential area 3 is provided with public facilities such as hospitals and schools, apartment houses 3a such as apartments and apartments where residents live, and detached houses 3b. Further, a factory zone 4 in which factory facilities are accumulated is provided in a place away from the residential area 3. On the other hand, an evacuation site 5 such as a temporary evacuation site or a wide area evacuation site is provided on a hill far from the coastal area.

  In the evacuation system 1, the evacuation passage system 10 connects the residential area 3 or the factory zone 4 along the coastline with the evacuation site 5 on the hill, and the coastal area or the lowland is inundated due to damage such as tsunami or storm surge. However, the residents can be evacuated safely. The evacuation passage system 10 includes a plurality of evacuation passages 11, an entrance structure 12 and an exit structure 13 of the evacuation passage 11. The evacuation passage 11 is a buried underpass that connects the coastal residential area 3 or the factory zone 4 and the hill evacuation site, and an entrance structure 12 is provided in the residential area 3 or the factory zone 4 to evacuate the hill. An exit structure 13 is provided at or near location 5. The evacuation passage 11 is an underpass and is not affected by a collapsed house or the like washed away by a tsunami. In addition, the entrance structure 12 is a concrete structure having a strength of about 20 m or more with a strength of 2 stories or 3 stories or more, and its rooftop and high floor are temporarily evacuated together with public facilities. It also functions as a place.

  In addition, floating shelters 30 are installed in low-level temporary shelters such as public facilities and entrance structures 12, so that residents who have evacuated to temporary shelters can also temporarily evacuate to the floating shelters 30. Yes.

  Furthermore, on the coast, a heliport is provided where a helicopter to rescue the victims takes off and landing. The heliport is composed of a mega float 50 that floats on the sea. The mega float 50 is usually divided and housed in a building designated as a temporary shelter, and can be structured so that it can be easily assembled in the event of a disaster.

In the evacuation system 1 as described above, any of the evacuation passage system 10, the shelter 30, and the mega float 50 has a main component formed of a thermoplastic resin as a tubular body. Resistance to is increased. Moreover, when manufacturing any of the evacuation passage system 10, the shelter 30, and the mega float 50, the construction is easy and the weight is light, so that the transportation and the like can be easily performed.
[Description of evacuation passage system]

  As shown in FIG. 2, the evacuation passage system 10 includes a plurality of evacuation passages 11 through which refugees pass, and an entrance structure 12 and an exit structure 13 of the evacuation passage 11. Further, the evacuation passage system 10 includes a spare conduit 14 that makes a pair with the evacuation passage 11, and a connecting pipe 15 that connects the evacuation passage 11 and the spare conduit 14. The preliminary pipeline 14 serves as a drain pipe for the evacuation passage 11. The water that oozes or enters the evacuation passage 11 is drained to the auxiliary pipeline 14 through the connecting pipe 15.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the escape passage 11 includes a plurality of pipe bodies 16 of high-density polyethylene that is one of thermoplastic resins, and each axis of the plurality of pipe bodies 16 that is an example of a second pipe body. It is comprised by the pipe | tube structure formed by the some pipe body 16 being connected so that it may correspond. Here, the pipe body 16 constituting the evacuation passage 11 is of a thickness that allows a refugee having a diameter of several meters, here 3 m or more, to pass freely. Moreover, the pipe body 16 connected to the length of the planned evacuation passage 11 becomes an entrance / exit 12a whose one end is connected to the entrance structure 12 and whose other end is connected to the exit structure 13. 13a.

  The high-density polyethylene constituting the pipe body 16 is excellent in flexibility and impact resistance. Therefore, the pipe body 16 can also follow vertical and horizontal displacements such as land subsidence and earthquakes. it can. Moreover, it is excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, does not corrode as in the case of cast iron pipes, etc., and has excellent durability even when buried in the ground. Moreover, high density polyethylene is a thermoplastic resin, has good workability, and can easily bend the pipe body 16 in accordance with the planned route. Furthermore, the pipe body 16 can be easily connected by polyethylene welding. In addition, the preliminary | backup pipe line 14 and the connecting pipe 15 which are pipe structures are also formed here with the high density polyethylene.

Here, as an example of the high-density polyethylene pipe, the high-density polyethylene resin is defined as PE-HD in JIS K 6899-1: 2000, and is classified into a density of 942 kg / m ³ or more in the former JIS K 6748: 1995. Polyethylene resin. The high-density polyethylene resin has, for example, a specific gravity of 0.92 to 0.96 and a deflection temperature under load of 130 ° C. or lower.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the evacuation passage 11 configured by connecting the pipe bodies 16 by resin welding is provided with a flat sidewalk 17 in order to make it easy for evacuees to walk. Since the pipe body 16 has a circular cross-section, the sidewalk 17 is provided by adjusting the road floor with sand or the like on the curved surface located on the lower side during installation and placing concrete.

  In addition, on the side wall perpendicular to the sidewalk 17, an air intake pipe 18a and an exhaust pipe 18b are provided as ventilation equipment. A handrail 19 for evacuees is provided on the side wall. Since the vicinity of the entrance structure 12 and the exit structure 13 is an inclined surface, a staircase 21 is provided.

  In addition, the evacuation passage 11 is provided with lighting equipment, elevators, ventilation equipment, drainage equipment, and the like. The power sources for these facilities are provided in a safe place on a high ground such as the evacuation site 5 and the exit structure 13 near the evacuation site 5, and power is supplied to each facility from here. The wiring in the evacuation passage 11 is disposed in a place where it does not interfere with walking, such as a ceiling, with the electrical cable inserted through a cylindrical casing or the like and protected, and is connected to electrical equipment such as lighting.

  In the evacuation passage 11 having the above configuration, for example, by using the pipe body 16 having an inner diameter of 3 m, the width of the sidewalk 17 is set to 2.2 m, the height is set to 2.5 m, and the refugee sufficiently walks. Space can be secured.

  The evacuation passage 11 is connected to the auxiliary pipeline 14 via the connecting pipe 15 below the sidewalk 17. The preliminary pipe line 14 and the pipe body 16 are joined by resin welding or the like with their axes aligned, and are configured as a pipe structure. The preliminary pipeline 14 is for drainage, and water that has oozed into the evacuation passage 11 is supplied from the connecting pipe 15. The spare conduit 14 may have the same thickness as the evacuation passage 11 or may not be so thick that a person can pass through because it is for drainage. Drainage stored in the preliminary pipeline 14 is drained by a drainage pump connected to the preliminary pipeline 14. In addition, you may make it the waste_water | drain of the preliminary | backup pipe line 14 ooze out in the ground.

  Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 4, the tube body 16 can be specifically configured. FIG. 4A shows a tubular body 16a having a uniform thickness with no irregularities on the outer and inner surfaces of the side wall. In this tubular body 16a, for example, the thickness of the side wall can be set to 120 mm at the maximum, and the thickness can be appropriately set according to the application. Of course, the thickness of the side wall may be 120 mm or more.

  In the tube body 16b shown in FIG. 4B, a plurality of hollow portions 16c are provided inside to reduce the weight. Here, the hollow portions 16c are formed in a line. Moreover, the tubular body 16b is provided with a large number of hollow portions 16c, so that the heat insulation effect is enhanced. The tubular body 16d shown in FIG. 4C is thicker than that shown in FIG. 4B, provided with hollow portions 16e larger than the respective hollow portions 16c, and further improved in heat insulation. A tubular body 16f shown in FIG. 4D is provided with two rows of large hollow portions 16e to further improve the heat insulation. In addition, the number of hollow parts 16c and 16e is not limited to this. For example, the hollow portions 16e shown in FIG. 4 (d) may have three or more rows by thickening the side walls, or the hollow portions 16e may be reduced to further increase the number of rows. Further, the hollow portions 16c and 16e may be provided discretely instead of being provided in alignment in the side wall.

  The tubular body 16g shown in FIG. 4 (e) has an annular or spiral rib 16h on the outer peripheral surface, and a hollow portion 16i in the rib 16h. The tubular body 16g is provided with a rib 16h while reducing the weight by reducing the thickness of the side wall, thereby increasing the strength against external pressure. Further, the tubular body 16g is reduced in weight by providing a hollow portion 16i in the rib 16h. The tube 16j shown in FIG. 4 (f) has a thicker side wall than the tube 16g shown in FIG. 4 (e), and is provided with a hollow portion 16i not only in the rib 16h but also in the tube to increase the strength. While trying to reduce weight and heat insulation. The pipe body 16j in FIG. 4G has a thick side wall, two rows of hollow portions 16i, and further improves heat insulation.

Further, the side wall of the tube body 16 may have a single layer, a two-layer structure as shown in FIG. 5A, a three-layer structure as shown in FIG. 5B, Furthermore, it is good also as a 4 layer structure or more. For example, the innermost layer is a space in which a person lives or passes, and can be a space in which a person does not feel a sense of pressure by making the light color. The inner wall or the like can be colored by dispersing a pigment in a resin or applying a paint. Moreover, an intermediate | middle layer can improve heat insulation performance by providing a hollow part. Furthermore, the outermost layer can be used to enhance the visibility by coloring or the like, or to impart flame retardancy by using a flame retardant resin. In addition, the structure of the tubular body 16 is not limited to the structure of FIG.4 and FIG.5.
According to the embodiment of the evacuation passage system 10 as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) In the evacuation passage system 10, the evacuation passage 11, which is a pipe structure, the auxiliary conduit 14, and the connecting pipe 15 are made of a thermoplastic resin, here, a pipe body 16 of high-density polyethylene. Therefore, the tube body 16 is lightweight and easy to install. Moreover, since the pipe body 16 is a thermoplastic resin, workability is good and the pipe body 16 can be easily bent according to a plan path | route. And many evacuation passages 11 can be provided easily.

  (2) Moreover, the pipe body 16 is embed | buried under the ground. The tubular body 16 can follow vertical and horizontal displacements as well as vibrations such as ground subsidence and earthquakes.

  (3) Furthermore, it is excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, and equipment can be maintained over a long period of time.

  (4) Since the evacuation passage 11 is constituted by a buried pipe, it becomes an underpass and can be prevented from being damaged by a collapsed house or the like pushed away by a tsunami, storm surge or the like. The evacuees can evacuate to the high evacuation site 5 through the evacuation passage 11 easily and safely from the low-level entrance structure 12.

  (5) In addition, the entrance structure 12 in the lowland area of the coast can be made to function as a temporary shelter by making it a solid concrete structure with a height higher than the water level of the tsunami assumed in the area. .

  It should be noted that the embodiment of the evacuation passage system 10 as described above can be implemented with appropriate modifications as follows.

  The material of the evacuation passage 11, the auxiliary pipeline 14, and the connecting pipe 15 may be a thermoplastic resin. In addition to high-density polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ABS resin (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) Resin), AS resin, acrylic resin (PMMA), or the like may be used. Thus, as a material for the escape passage 11, the preliminary pipeline 14, and the connecting pipe 15, the thermoplastic resin is used, so that the pipe body 16 is excellent in flexibility, which is higher than the case where a thermosetting resin is used. It is an excellent buried pipe.

  -A space part may be provided under the sidewalk 17. In this case, this space portion can be substituted for the intake pipe 18a and the exhaust pipe 18b which are part of the ventilation facility. In this space portion, wiring for power supply and control to lighting equipment, elevators, ventilation equipment, drainage equipment, etc. can be inserted. Thereby, piping etc. of the escape passage 11 can be reduced.

The sidewalk 17 may be constructed by simply connecting scaffolding plates. Thereby, the sidewalk 17 can be easily provided in the pipe body 16.
[Shelter]

  As shown in FIG. 6, shelters 30 for evacuees are installed on the rooftops of the housing complex 3 a and the entrance structure 12 of the evacuation passage system 10 that are set as temporary evacuation sites in the lowlands. This shelter 30 is used by an evacuee who has evacuated to a rooftop temporary evacuation site due to inundation due to a tsunami or the like, or an evacuee who has evacuated to the rooftop of a building not designated as a temporary evacuation site, and temporarily waits for rescue. . Since the shelter 30 is floating, and floats even when the water level is higher than the rooftop, it can stand by until it is safely rescued. Of course, the installation location of the shelter 30 is not limited to such a location, and may be lowered from a rescue helicopter, a marine rescue ship, or the like in order to rescue the victim in a disaster.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the floating shelter 30 is a tube structure using a tube 31 similar to the tube 16 used in the above-described escape passage 11 and the like. In the shelter 30, the tube body 31 may be a single tube body, or a plurality of tube bodies may be connected by resin welding or the like with the tube axes aligned according to the application. Such a tube body 31 has openings on both side surfaces thereof closed with a closing plate 32 by welding or the like, so that water does not enter the internal space 33. For example, a tube having a circular cross section having an outer diameter of 3.3 m and a length of 10 m is used as the sealed tube body 31. The tubular body 31 is made of a thermoplastic resin, here high-density polyethylene, similar to the tubular body 16 described above, and has the structure shown in each of FIGS. 4 and 5 described above. Even if a thermoplastic resin such as high-density polyethylene is selected, the specific gravity is smaller than that of water, so that it floats on water, and since it is lightweight, it is convenient to carry. Furthermore, among these, since the pipe body 31 is a shelter which floats on the water surface, a pipe body having excellent heat insulating properties having the hollow portions 16c and 16e is preferable.

  The shelter 30 is a horizontal type and is used so that the tube axis is in the horizontal direction. The space 33 in which a plurality of evacuees temporarily resides is horizontally long, and a floor 34 is provided at the bottom so as to be flat. For example, the floor 34 is provided by connecting scaffolding plates. Note that a rug or the like may be laid on the floor 34. The underfloor 35 is a space, and is a space in which wiring and various equipment parts and fixtures are stored. The floor 35 may be provided with a balance weight so that the posture is stable when floating on the water surface.

  A plurality of seats 36 are installed on the floor 34 along the side walls. Each seat 36 is fixed by a fixing member such as a screw so that the installation position does not shift even if the seat 36 is tilted due to the influence of waves or the like when the shelter 30 is floating. In addition, each seat 36 is provided with a seat belt 36a so that when the refugee is seated, the posture is stabilized even if the room shakes. Further, a toilet 37 isolated by a partition wall 37a is provided on one side of the space 33 in the longitudinal direction.

The space portion 33 as described above is provided with one or a plurality of entrances and exits 38 for the evacuees to enter and leave the space portion 33. The entrance / exit 38 is a lift provided with a hatch, and a hatch having excellent water tightness is used. The evacuees move up and down by the ladder 38a. The tube body 31 is provided with a ventilation port 39. For example, a ventilation system provided with a filtering device, a cooling / heating device, or the like is attached to the ventilation port 39.
According to the embodiment of the shelter 30 as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) Since the shelter 30 is formed of a thermoplastic resin, here, high-density polyethylene, it can be a floating type. In addition, since the tube body 31 is a thermoplastic resin, the tube body 31 having good workability and having the space portion 33 that is easily sealed can be manufactured. The shelter 30 is lightweight and can be easily transported and installed.

  (2) Further, the pipe body 31 is excellent in flexibility and impact resistance, and is generated even when it is floating, even if it collides with an obstacle or even if a floating object collides. It can be prevented from being broken or damaged by the vibration.

(3) Furthermore, the shelter 30 is excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be stored for a long period of time.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the shelter 30 as described above can be implemented with appropriate modifications as follows.

  -This tubular body 31 is good to have luminous property. Moreover, it is good to have a light reflection function. For example, the tube 31 is coated with a paint having at least one of phosphorescence and light reflectivity on its outer surface, so that the shelter 30 emits light at night, and nighttime rescue activities can be easily performed. . Of course, the tubular body 31 may be one in which a luminous pigment or a reflective material is dispersed.

  Moreover, it is good for the pipe 31 to have a flame retardance higher than the thermoplastic resin of the material. In the case of a tsunami, floating objects such as fired houses may be drifting. The shelter 30 can prevent the fire from being transferred to the tubular body 31 because the tubular body 31 is formed of the flame-retardant resin or the surface of the flame-retardant resin is applied.

  -Since the shelter 30 as described above is a horizontal type and has a columnar shape, the posture is not stable when the housing 3a or the entrance structure 12 is not in use, which is installed on the rooftop. In other words, the tube body 31 rotates around the axis. Therefore, the tube body 31 may be provided with support legs on the side surfaces formed by the curved surface of the tube body 31 so that the posture when not in use is stabilized. For example, it is assumed that the support leg protrudes in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube, that is, in a normal direction with respect to the side surface on the arc. The support leg can be configured by a rod-shaped member, for example, a resin tube, protruding in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube body 31. By providing two or more support legs, rotation about the axis of the tube body 31 can be restricted. Further, by providing three or more support legs, preferably four or more, the posture of the shelter 30 can be stabilized in a state where the tube body 31 is lifted away from the installation surface or in a contact state. . Further, the support legs may be configured by providing two long rod-like members, for example, resin tubes, substantially parallel to the axis. This also restricts rotation about the axis of the tube.

  Further, the shelter 30 may be stored on a dedicated installation table. For example, the installation base includes a plurality of support portions having concave curved surfaces that match the side surfaces formed by the circular arc surface of the cylindrical tube body 31, and the tube body 31 is engaged and supported horizontally on the plurality of support portions. Is done. The shelter 30 is stored in a safe state by being supported by such an installation table when not in use. In addition, the structure of an installation stand is not limited to this.

  In this shelter 30, the closing plate 32 that closes the side surface of the tubular body 31 may be composed of a curved plate instead of a flat plate because the distal end of the tubular body 31 is composed of a curved line such as streamline. Thereby, even if a floating object collides at the time of floating, the impact at the time of collision can be relieved. Further, the shelter 30 can be towed smoothly during rescue.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a shelter 40 in which a plurality of pipe bodies 31 are connected by a connecting mechanism 41 may be used. In the case of the horizontal tube 31, when it is floating, it tends to tilt around the tube axis due to waves or the like, and the posture is not stable. In the shelter 40, the horizontal tubular body 31 is connected by the connecting mechanism 41 so that the tube axes are parallel to each other, so that the whole is flat. Therefore, in this shelter 40, it is difficult to incline in the tube axis direction even by waves or the like, and the posture is stabilized. Moreover, since the whole is enlarged, it is possible to prevent only one shelter from being isolated, and it is easy to find it when drifting.

  For the coupling mechanism 41, a high-strength string member 42 such as an aramid fiber can be used. When the string member 42 is used, the tube bodies 31 may be arranged so that the axes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent tube bodies 31 may be connected by the string member 42. In this case, a positioning member 43 or the like may be disposed in a trough between the adjacent tubular bodies 31.

  Further, in the above shelter, the horizontal type has been described, but the tubular body may be a vertical type. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in the vertical type shelter 44, the tube axis of the tube body 31 is in the vertical direction, and one flat circular surface is the bottom surface. In the space portion 33 of the tubular body 31, a floor 45 is provided on a flat bottom surface. For example, the floor 45 is provided by connecting scaffolding plates. Note that a rug or the like may be laid on the floor 45. Under this floor, a balance weight 47 is disposed so that the posture is stabilized when floating on the water surface.

As described above, the tubular body 31 is provided with a seat 36 and a toilet 37. In addition, an entrance / exit 38 and a ventilation port 39 are provided on the ceiling of the space 33, that is, on one closing plate 32 of the tubular body 31. Further, the vertical shelter 44 may also be connected by the connecting mechanism 41 so that the tube axes are parallel to each other.
In this shelter 44, since the bottom surface is a flat surface, the floating posture is more stable than that of the horizontal shelter 30.

  FIG. 13 shows an embedded shelter. The shelter 48 is buried in the ground and is effective for tornado disasters and the like. In both cases of the horizontal type shelter 30 and the vertical type shelter 44, the inlet / outlet port 38 and the ventilation port 39 are embedded so as to be exposed to the ground surface.

In addition, when a plurality of tube bodies 31 shown in FIG. 9 are connected, the tube bodies 31 adjacent to each other are connected to each other in the space portions 33 and 33 so that the space portions 33 and 33 communicate with each other through the connection tube. The evacuees may be allowed to move between the pipe bodies 31 and 31.
-Moreover, although shelter 30,40,44,48 demonstrated above was demonstrated as an object for evacuation, it can also be used as a stockpile for evacuation.
[Mega float]

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the mega float 50 is a pipe structure formed by connecting a plurality of pipe bodies 51 so that the pipe axes are parallel to each other. The pipe body 51 is the same as the pipe body 16 used in the above-described evacuation passage 11 or the like and the pipe body 31 used in the shelters 30, 40, 44. The pipe body 51 is used as a vertical type in which the pipe axis is vertical, and is connected by a connecting mechanism 52. The pipe body 51 may or may not be provided with a living space inside like the shelters 30, 40 and 44. Moreover, since the pipe body 51 is a thermoplastic resin and floats, the both ends may be closed, one side may be closed only, or both ends may be cylindrical. Also good.

  A high-strength string member 53 such as an aramid fiber can be used for the connection mechanism 52 that connects the pipe bodies 51. When the string member 53 is used, the pipe bodies 51 may be arranged so that the axes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent pipe bodies 51 may be connected by the string member 53. In this case, a positioning member 43 or the like shown in FIG. 9 or the like may be disposed in a trough between the adjacent tubular bodies 51.

  Each tube 51 is provided with a balance weight 54 on the bottom surface so that the posture is stabilized when floating on the water surface. Moreover, the flat plate body 55 is arrange | positioned at the top | upper surface which faces the water surface of the some pipe body 51 connected with the connection mechanism 52. FIG. The plate body 55 may be a metal plate or a resin plate, but a lightweight resin plate is preferable as long as sufficient strength can be secured. The plate body 55 can be stably attached to the connection body of the tube body 51 by being attached to the flat top surface of the vertical tube body 51. The plate 55 serves as a helicopter landing and landing area, and serves as an emergency take-off and landing field that is used only in an emergency such as a disaster. The plate 55 is provided with an identification mark 56 of “Maru H,“ Rescue point ””. Of course, the plate 55 may be provided with an identification mark of “Maru R,“ Rescue point ”” as a hovering space.

For example, when the mega float 50 is used as a heliport, one side is about 20 to 30 m wide. A helicopter is about several tons. The mega float 50 is designed to have a buoyancy that can sufficiently support helicopters and evacuees. Moreover, when using as a hovering space, it is smaller than this and one side may be about 10 m.
According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) Since the mega float 50 is configured by connecting the tubular body 51 formed of high-density polyethylene, the tubular body 51 is lightweight, excellent in workability, and can be easily manufactured. That is, a large area square can be easily provided on the sea, and this square can be used as a heliport.

  (2) Further, the pipe body 51 is excellent in flexibility and impact resistance, and is generated even when it is floating, even if it collides with an obstacle or even if a floating object collides. It can be prevented from being broken or damaged by the vibration. Further, when the helicopter takes off and landing, a large vibration is applied to the mega float 50, and the mega float 50 can be prevented from being broken or damaged by such vibration.

(3) Furthermore, the mega float 50 is excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be stored for a long period of time.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the mega float 50 as described above can be implemented with appropriate modifications as follows.

  -As shown in Drawing 11 and Drawing 12, each pipe 51 which constitutes mega float 50 may be used as a shelter for rescue. The shelter 44 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is a vertical type, and the pipe body 51 of the mega float 50 is also a vertical type. In this case, the shelter 44 is connected by the connecting mechanism 52, and the plate body 55 is disposed on the top surface. Thereby, the mega float 50 can also function as a shelter in addition to functioning as a heliport. Of course, the pipe body 51 which the mega float 50 constitutes may function as a stockpile, not as a shelter. In this case, emergency supplies such as emergency food are stored in the stockpile.

  -This tubular body 51 is good to have luminous property. Moreover, it is good to have a light reflection function. For example, the tube body 51 can easily identify the position of the heliport from the outside even at night by applying at least one of phosphorescent and light-reflecting paints to the outer surface. Moreover, it is good for the pipe | tube body 51 to have a flame retardance rather than the thermoplastic resin of the material. In the case of a tsunami etc., houses with fires may drift. The mega float 50 can prevent the pipe body 51 from being burned by the pipe body 51 being formed of the flame retardant resin or the flame retardant resin being applied to the surface. .

  The mega float 50 may be permanently installed, but only when in use, the plurality of pipe bodies 51 may be combined to form one unit, and the plurality of units may be connected to form a wide area heliport. In this case, during normal times, the mega float 50 is divided into units, and each unit is stored in a coastal equipment warehouse or shelter. In the event of a disaster, each unit is transported to the coast, and the units are combined to form a heliport. When constructing the mega float 50, it is only necessary to carry a small unit, and the unit can be easily carried to the coast. The units can be connected by using a simple connecting mechanism configured to connect adjacent units using the above-described string member 42, hooks, or the like. As the connection mechanism, a mechanism that can connect the units by a simple operation in an emergency is preferable. When the units are collected, the units are connected to each other to form a mega float 50 and a heliport. In constructing the mega float 50, since the pipe body 51 is formed of a thermoplastic resin and is light in weight, it can be easily transported and the mega float 50 can be easily assembled. Further, the mega float 50 can be divided in units, so that the size can be adjusted by adjusting the number of units connected.

  Further, the tube body 51 may be a horizontal type, and the plate body 55 may be disposed on a connection body of a horizontal tube body as shown in FIG.

  -Moreover, the use of the mega float 50 is not limited to a heliport. The mega float 50 can also be used for facilities such as floating berths, container wharves, floating breakwaters, oil storage bases, power generation facilities such as wave power generation, exhibition halls, evacuation shelters, runways, and the like.

-The structure which is not provided with the entrance / exit may be sufficient as the pipe body 51 with which the mega float 50 is provided. The effects described in the above (1) to (3) can be obtained also in the mega float 50 constituted by such a tubular body.
According to the above-described embodiment and its modifications, the following technical idea is further derived.
(Appendix 1)

In the evacuation system, at least one of the evacuation passage system, the shelter, and the mega float is an evacuation pipe structure including a tubular body formed of a thermoplastic resin. If an evacuation pipe structure formed of a thermoplastic resin is used in at least one of the evacuation passage system, the shelter, and the mega float, resistance to vibration is enhanced in this portion. In addition, an evacuation system can be constructed in a short time at a low cost.
(Appendix 2)

In Supplementary Note 1, in the evacuation passage system, the evacuation passage is provided with an electrical cable provided with at least one of the ventilation system and the electrical equipment. With this evacuation passage configuration, the evacuee can safely pass through the evacuation passage.
(Appendix 3)

In Supplementary Note 1, the shelter includes a plurality of the tube bodies, and is connected so that the tube axes of the plurality of tube bodies are located on the same plane. According to the configuration described in Appendix 3, the entire shelter can be increased in size.
(Appendix 4)

In Supplementary Note 1, a balance weight is disposed on one end surface of the tubular body of the shelter. According to the configuration described in Supplementary Note 4, the balance weight is disposed on one end surface of the tubular body, so that the posture at the time of floating is stabilized.
(Appendix 5)

In Supplementary Note 1, the shelter includes a plurality of the tube bodies, and the plurality of tube bodies are provided side by side and connected so that the tube axes of the plurality of tube bodies are parallel to each other. According to the configuration described in Appendix 5, the entire shelter can be increased in size.
(Appendix 6)

In Appendix 5, the shelter has a plate disposed on a surface orthogonal to the tube axis. According to the configuration described in appendix 6, one evacuation pipe structure can be used as a shelter and a mega float.
(Appendix 7)

  In Supplementary Note 4, the shelter is provided with an inlet / outlet and a ventilation port on one end face of the tubular body. According to the configuration described in appendix 7, it is possible to enter and exit from the outside through the entrance and to ventilate through the ventilation port.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Evacuation system, 3 ... Residential area, 3a ... Apartment house, 3b ... Detached house, 4 ... Factory zone, 5 ... Evacuation place, 10 ... Evacuation passage system, 11 ... Evacuation passage, 12 ... Entrance structure, 12a ... Entrance , 13 ... outlet structure, 13a ... entrance / exit, 14 ... preliminary pipe line, 15 ... connecting pipe, 16 ... pipe body, 16a ... pipe body, 16b ... pipe body, 16c ... hollow part, 16d ... pipe body, 16e ... hollow Part, 16f ... pipe, 16g ... pipe, 16h ... rib, 16i ... hollow part, 16j ... pipe, 16i ... hollow part, 16j ... pipe, 16i ... hollow part, 17 ... sidewalk, 18a ... intake pipe, 18b ... exhaust pipe, 19 ... handrail, 21 ... staircase, 30 ... shelter, 31 ... pipe body, 32 ... blockage plate, 33 ... space, 34 ... floor, 35 ... under floor, 36 ... seat, 36a ... seat belt, 37 ... toilet, 37a ... bulkhead, 38 ... doorway, 38a Ladder, 39 ... Ventilation port, 40 ... Shelter, 41 ... Connection mechanism, 42 ... String member, 43 ... Positioning member, 44 ... Shelter, 45 ... Floor, 47 ... Balance weight, 48 ... Shelter, 50 ... Mega float, 51 ... Tubing body, 52 ... connection mechanism, 53 ... string member, 54 ... balance weight, 55 ... plate body, 56 ... identification mark.

Claims (8)

A tube structure having a space that is large enough for a person to pass through, and an entrance / exit that enters and exits the space, and the tube is formed of a thermoplastic resin.
A plurality of the pipes are provided, and each pipe is connected so as to communicate with the pipes of the other pipes to constitute an escape passage,
The entrance of the tube located at one end of the evacuation passage is connected to a ground entrance structure,
The entrance / exit of the tubular body located at the other end of the escape passage is connected to a ground outlet structure,
In addition, it comprises a drainage auxiliary pipe connected so that the inside of each of the plurality of pipes communicates with the inside of the other pipes,
The evacuation pipe structure in which the evacuation passage and the auxiliary pipe line are connected via a connecting pipe, and water exuded into the evacuation passage can be drained from the auxiliary pipe through the connecting pipe. The evacuation pipe structure according to claim 1, wherein the evacuation passage includes a sidewalk, and is connected to the connection pipe in a space portion below the sidewalk. The escape pipe structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermoplastic resin is high-density polyethylene. The evacuation pipe structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rib is provided on the outer surface of the pipe body in an annular shape or a spiral shape. The evacuation pipe structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipe body has a plurality of hollow portions provided in a pipe wall. The evacuation pipe structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the entrance structure is in a lowland and the exit structure is on a hill. The evacuation pipe structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein an innermost layer of the tubular body constituting the evacuation passage is light in color. The evacuation pipe structure according to claim 2, wherein a piping facility is provided in a space portion below the sidewalk.

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