JP2018178706A - Pipe structure for evacuation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pipe structure for evacuation capable of enhancing resistance to vibration.SOLUTION: A pipe structure for evacuation includes a pipe body 51 having a space part having such a size as to allow a person to live or pass and a doorway which allows the person to get into/out of the space part, where the pipe body 51 is formed of a thermoplastic resin, and the structure has a plurality of pipe bodies 51, where the plurality of pipe bodies 51 are connected to each other with a string member 53 so that the respective tube axes are parallel to each other, and a board body 55 is arranged on a surface perpendicular to the tube axis, and the structure is formed as a mega float 50.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

  The present invention relates to a resin evacuation pipe structure.

  In urban planning, there is a need for an evacuation system that allows residents to evacuate smoothly to evacuation sites when a large-scale natural disaster such as a tsunami disaster or tornado disaster occurs. For example, in places where tsunamis occur, evacuation routes are needed to allow residents to evacuate smoothly to elevated places, and in places where tornadoes occur shelters are needed to evacuate airborne materials. (See Patent Document 1). Furthermore, in order to evacuate a large number of victims, a helicopter or the like is used, and a heliport or the like is required at or near the evacuation site.

JP, 2014-020021, A

By the way, in the case of planning the evacuation system mentioned above, high resistance to vibration is desired for evacuation pipe structures such as shelters, evacuation paths, heliports and the like which constitute them.
An object of the present invention is to provide an evacuation pipe structure capable of enhancing resistance to vibration.

The evacuation pipe structure for solving the above problems includes a pipe body having a space portion large enough for people to live or pass, and an entrance and exit to and from the space portion, and the pipe body is made of thermoplastic resin A plurality of the tubular bodies, wherein the plurality of tubular bodies are connected with each other such that the respective tube axes are parallel to one another; A plate is disposed on a plane orthogonal to the above, and is configured as a mega float.
According to the above configuration, the resistance to vibration is enhanced in the mega float.

  In the above-mentioned evacuation pipe structure, it is preferable that the tube has at least one of luminous property and reflective property. According to the above configuration, the position of the heliport can be easily identified from the outside even at night.

  In the above-described evacuation pipe structure, preferably, the mega-float is configured by connecting a unit configured by connecting a plurality of the pipe bodies by a connection mechanism. Preferably, in the evacuation pipe structure, the connection mechanism includes a cord member. According to the above configuration, it is possible to easily connect.

  In the above-described evacuation pipe structure, the pipe body may be a shelter or a storage. According to the above configuration, it can be used as a temporary shelter or storage.

In the evacuation pipe structure, the thermoplastic resin may be high density polyethylene. Further, in the evacuation pipe structure, the tubular body may have a configuration in which a rib is provided in an annular or spiral shape on the outer surface.
The resistance to the load of the evacuation pipe structure is higher as the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe is larger, while the weight of the evacuation pipe structure is larger as the thickness of the pipe wall of the pipe is larger. In this respect, according to the evacuation pipe structure, the resistance to the load of the evacuation pipe structure is enhanced by the ribs as compared to the evacuation pipe structure having no rib on the outer surface, and the evacuation pipe The weight of the structure is increased by the ribs. Therefore, the compatibility between the resistance and the weight required for the evacuation pipe structure can be achieved by changing the design value for the rib without changing the design value for the entire pipe body, such as the bore diameter of the pipe body and the length of the pipe body. Can be realized by

  Further, in the evacuation pipe structure, the pipe body may have a configuration in which a large number of hollow portions are provided in a pipe wall. According to the above-mentioned evacuation pipe structure, the heat insulation to the pipe is enhanced by the pipe wall.

  According to the present invention, since the tubular body is formed of a thermoplastic resin, the resistance to vibration of the evacuation pipe structure can be enhanced.

It is a block diagram of the evacuation system of a coastal city. It is sectional drawing of the evacuation passage of an evacuation system. It is a perspective view of an evacuation passage and an auxiliary pipeline. (A)-(d) is a sectional view of a pipe with a flat side wall surface, (e)-(g) is a sectional view of a pipe which provided a rib in a side wall surface. (A) is a perspective view which shows the side wall of the tube of 2 layer structure, (b) is a perspective view which shows the side wall of the tube of 3 layer structure. It is a perspective view showing a state where a shelter is installed on the roof of a building. It is a partially cutaway perspective view of a shelter. It is sectional drawing which shows the state to which the horizontal shelter was connected. It is a perspective view which shows the shelter which connected the horizontal tube body. It is sectional drawing of the shelter shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of a vertical shelter. It is sectional drawing of the shelter shown in FIG. It is a sectional view of a shelter type shelter. It is a perspective view of a mega float. It is a perspective sectional view of a mega float.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1-15, one embodiment of the evacuation system provided with the shelter which is an example of an evacuation pipe structure, an evacuation passage, and a mega float is described.
[Overview of evacuation system]

  As shown in FIG. 1, the area where the evacuation system 1 is provided is, for example, a city in a coastal area, and the residential area 3 is generally provided in a coastal area or lowland along a highly convenient coastal line. . Specifically, in the residence area 3, there are provided a collective housing 3a such as a hospital, public facilities such as a school, an apartment where residents live, and an apartment, and a single-family home 3b. In addition, a factory zone 4 where factory facilities are accumulated is provided at a place away from the residential area 3. On the other hand, evacuation sites 5 such as a temporary evacuation site and a wide area evacuation site are provided on a hill away from the coastal area.

  In the evacuation system 1, the evacuation passage system 10 is connected between the residential area 3 and the factory zone 4 along the coastline and the evacuation site 5 at a high elevation, and when a coastal area or lowland is flooded due to damage such as a tsunami or high tide. Also, it is possible to evacuate the residents safely. The evacuation passage system 10 includes a plurality of evacuation passages 11, and an inlet structure 12 and an outlet structure 13 of the evacuation passage 11. The evacuation passage 11 is a buried type underground road connecting the residential area 3 and the factory zone 4 in the coastal area and the shelter in the elevated area, and the entrance structure 12 is provided in the residential area 3 and the factory zone 4 An exit structure 13 is provided at or near the location 5. The evacuation passage 11 is an underground road, and is not affected by collapsed houses and the like swept away by the tsunami. In addition, the entrance structure 12 is, for example, a high-strength 20 m or more concrete structure with a strength of two floors or three floors or more, and its roof and high floors are temporarily evacuated along with public facilities. It also serves as a place.

  In addition, floating shelters 30 are installed at temporary shelters in lowland areas such as public facilities and entrance structures 12 so that residents who have evacuated to temporary shelters can temporarily evacuate floating shelters 30. There is.

  Furthermore, on the coast, there is provided a heliport on which a helicopter that rescues a victim takes off and lands. The heliport is composed of a mega-float 50 that floats up to the sea. The mega float 50 is normally stored in a building which is divided and designated as a temporary shelter or the like, and can be configured to be easily assembled at the time of a disaster.

In the evacuation system 1 as described above, the main component of any of the evacuation passage system 10, the shelter 30, and the mega float 50 is formed of a thermoplastic resin as a tubular body, so vibration is caused. Resistance to Further, when manufacturing any of the evacuation path system 10, the shelter 30, and the mega float 50, the construction is easy, and further, since it is lightweight, transportation and the like can be easily performed.
[Description of evacuation passage system]

  As shown in FIG. 2, the evacuation passage system 10 has a plurality of evacuation passages 11 through which the evacuees pass, an entrance structure 12 of the evacuation passage 11 and an exit structure 13. Furthermore, the evacuation passage system 10 includes a backup pipeline 14 paired with the escape pathway 11 and a connecting pipe 15 connecting the evacuation pathway 11 and the backup pipeline 14. The auxiliary pipeline 14 serves as a drainage pipe of the evacuation passage 11. The water that has leaked or entered the evacuation passage 11 is drained to the auxiliary pipeline 14 via the connection pipe 15.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the evacuation passage 11 includes a plurality of tubes 16 of high density polyethylene which is one of thermoplastic resins, and the axes of the plurality of tubes 16 which are an example of the second tube are In order to correspond, it is constituted by the tube structure by which a plurality of tubes 16 are connected. Here, for the tubular body 16 constituting the evacuation passage 11, a diameter of several meters, which is 3 m or more in this case, is used so that a displaced person can pass freely. In addition, the pipe 16 connected to the length of the planned evacuation passage 11 is an inlet / outlet 12a whose one end is connected with the inlet structure 12 and whose other end is connected with the outlet structure 13 It becomes 13a.

  The high density polyethylene constituting the pipe body 16 is excellent in flexibility and impact resistance, so that the pipe body 16 can follow vertical and horizontal displacements such as ground subsidence and earthquakes, etc. it can. Further, they are excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, do not corrode as in the case of cast iron pipes and the like, and are excellent in durability even when buried in the ground. Further, high density polyethylene is a thermoplastic resin, has good processability, and can easily bend the pipe 16 in accordance with a planned route. Furthermore, the tube 16 can be easily connected by polyethylene welding. In addition, also about the preparatory pipeline 14 and the connection pipe 15 which are pipe structures, it is formed by the high density polyethylene here.

Here, if an example is given as a high density polyethylene pipe, high density polyethylene resin is defined as PE-HD in JIS K 6899-1: 2000, and is classified as density 942 kg / m ³ or more in old JIS K 6748: 1995. Polyethylene resin. The high density polyethylene resin is, for example, one having a specific gravity of 0.92 to 0.96 and a deflection temperature under load of 130 ° C. or less.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the evacuation passage 11 configured by connecting the tubular bodies 16 by resin welding, a flat sidewalk 17 is provided to make it easier for the evacuees to walk. Since the pipe body 16 is circular in cross section, the roadbed is adjusted with sand or the like on the curved surface located on the lower side at the time of installation, and concrete is cast to provide the sidewalk 17.

  Further, on a side wall perpendicular to the sidewalk 17, an intake pipe 18a and an exhaust pipe 18b for ventilation are provided as ventilation equipment. Moreover, the handrail 19 for evacuees is provided in the side wall. Since the vicinity of the inlet structure 12 and the outlet structure 13 is an inclined surface, stairs 21 are provided.

  The evacuation passage 11 is additionally provided with lighting equipment, an elevator, ventilation equipment, drainage equipment and the like. The power supplies of these facilities are provided in a safe place on a high ground, such as the evacuation site 5 and the exit structure 13 near the evacuation site 5, and power is supplied to each facility from here. The wiring in the evacuation passage 11 is disposed in a place where it does not interfere with walking such as a ceiling in a state where the electric cable is inserted into a cylindrical casing or the like and protected, and is connected to an electric facility such as lighting.

  In the evacuation passage 11 having the above-mentioned configuration, for example, by using the pipe body 16 having an inner diameter of 3 m, the width of the sidewalk 17 is 2.2 m and the height is 2.5 m, enough for the evacuees to walk. It is possible to secure a space where

  The evacuation passage 11 is connected to the auxiliary pipeline 14 via the connection pipe 15 below the sidewalk 17. The preparatory pipeline 14 and the tubular body 16 are joined together by resin welding or the like with their axes aligned and configured as a tubular structure. The auxiliary pipeline 14 is for drainage, and water exuded to the evacuation passage 11 is supplied from the connection pipe 15. The auxiliary pipeline 14 may have the same thickness as the evacuation passage 11 or may not be thick enough to allow people to pass because it is used for drainage. The drainage stored in the backup pipeline 14 is drained by a drainage pump connected to the backup pipeline 14. The drainage of the auxiliary pipeline 14 may be exuded to the ground.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 4, the pipe body 16 can be comprised concretely. FIG. 4A shows a tube 16a having a uniform thickness without unevenness on the outer surface and the inner surface of the side wall. In the tubular body 16a, for example, the thickness of the side wall can be 120 mm at the maximum, and the thickness can be appropriately set in accordance with the application. Of course, the thickness of the side wall may be 120 mm or more.

  In the tubular body 16b shown in FIG. 4 (b), a plurality of hollow portions 16c are provided inside, thereby achieving weight reduction. Here, the hollow portions 16c are formed in a line. Moreover, the heat insulation effect is heightened by the tubular body 16b being provided with many hollow parts 16c. The tube 16d of FIG. 4 (c) is thicker than that of FIG. 4 (b), and hollow portions 16e larger than the hollow portions 16c are provided to further enhance the heat insulation. The tube 16f shown in FIG. 4 (d) is provided with two rows of large hollow portions 16e to further enhance the heat insulation. The number of hollow portions 16c and 16e is not limited to this. For example, the hollow portions 16e shown in FIG. 4D may have three or more rows by thickening the side walls, or the hollow portions 16e may be made smaller to further increase the number of rows. The hollow portions 16c and 16e may be discretely provided in the side wall instead of being aligned.

  The tube 16g shown in FIG. 4 (e) is provided with an annular or spiral rib 16h on the outer peripheral surface, and a hollow portion 16i is provided in the rib 16h. The tubular body 16g is reduced in weight by reducing the thickness of the side wall, and the rib 16h is provided to enhance the strength against external pressure. Further, the tubular body 16g is reduced in weight by providing the hollow portion 16i in the rib 16h. The tube 16j shown in FIG. 4 (f) has a thicker side wall than the tube 16g of FIG. 4 (e), and the hollow portion 16i is provided not only to the rib 16h but also to the tube to increase the strength. While trying to reduce the weight and heat insulation. The tube 16j shown in FIG. 4 (g) has a thick side wall, and two rows of hollow portions 16i are provided to further enhance the heat insulation.

Furthermore, the side wall of the tube 16 may have a two-layer structure as shown in FIG. 5 (a) as well as a single layer, or may have a three-layer structure as shown in FIG. 5 (b). Furthermore, it is good also as four-layer structure or more. For example, the innermost layer is a space where people live or pass, and by making it bright, it can be a space that does not make people feel oppressive. The coloring of the inner wall or the like can be performed by dispersing a pigment in a resin or applying a paint. Moreover, the intermediate layer can improve heat insulation performance by providing a hollow part. Furthermore, the outermost layer can be used to enhance visibility by coloring or the like, or to impart flame retardancy by using a flame retardant resin. In addition, the structure of the pipe body 16 is not limited to the structure of FIG.4 and FIG.5.
According to the embodiment of the escape passage system 10 as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) In the evacuation passage system 10, a tube 16 made of a thermoplastic resin, in this case high density polyethylene, is used as the evacuation passage 11, the auxiliary pipeline 14, and the connection pipe 15 which are pipe structures. Therefore, the tube 16 is lightweight and easy to install. Moreover, since the pipe 16 is a thermoplastic resin, it has good processability and can easily bend the pipe 16 in accordance with the planned route. And many evacuation passages 11 can be provided easily.

  (2) Also, the pipe 16 is buried in the ground. The pipe body 16 can follow displacements such as ground subsidence and earthquakes, as well as displacements in the vertical and horizontal directions.

  (3) Furthermore, it is excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, and can maintain equipment over a long period of time.

  (4) Since the evacuation passage 11 is constituted by the buried pipe, it becomes an underground road, and can be prevented from being damaged even by a collapsed house or the like swept away by a tsunami, high tide or the like. Evacuees can evacuate easily and quickly from the lowland entrance structure 12 through the evacuation passage 11 to the high evacuation site 5.

  (5) In addition, the entrance structure 12 in the lowland of the coastal area can be made to function as a temporary shelter by setting it as a height higher than the water level of the tsunami assumed in the area and making it a strong concrete structure. .

  The embodiment of the evacuation passage system 10 as described above can be appropriately modified and implemented as follows.

  The material of the evacuation passage 11, the spare pipe line 14 and the connecting pipe 15 may be any thermoplastic resin, and in addition to high density polyethylene, polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ABS resin (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) Resin), AS resin, acrylic resin (PMMA) or the like may be used. As described above, by using a thermoplastic resin as the material of the evacuation passage 11, the auxiliary pipeline 14, and the connection pipe 15, the pipe body 16 is excellent in flexibility and is more than the case where a thermosetting resin is used. It will be excellent as a buried pipe.

  A space may be provided below the sidewalk 17. In this case, this space may be substituted for the intake pipe 18a and the exhaust pipe 18b which are part of the ventilation equipment. In this space part, it is also possible to insert a wire for power supply and control to the lighting equipment, the elevator, the ventilation equipment, the drainage equipment and the like. Thereby, piping etc. of evacuation passage 11 can be reduced.

The sidewalk 17 may simply be laid by connecting scaffolding plates. Thereby, the sidewalk 17 can be easily provided in the tubular body 16.
[Shelter]

  As shown in FIG. 6, shelters 30 of evacuees are installed on the roof of the entrance structure 12 of the housing complex 3a and the evacuation path system 10 set in the temporary shelter in the lowland. This shelter 30 is used to temporarily evacuate evacuation shelters evacuated to a temporary evacuation site on the roof due to flooding caused by a tsunami or the like, and evacuation shelters on a roof of a building not designated as a temporary evacuation site and wait for rescue. . Since the shelter 30 is floating and floats even when the water level is higher than the rooftop, it can stand by until it is safely rescued. Of course, the installation place of the shelter 30 is not limited to such a place, and for example, in the event of a disaster, it may be lowered onto the water from a rescue helicopter, a salvage ship, etc. for rescue of victims.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the floating shelter 30 is a tube structure used by the tube body 31 similar to the tube body 16 used for the evacuation passage 11 and the like described above. In the shelter 30, the tube body 31 may be a single tube, or a plurality of tubes 31 may be connected by resin welding or the like with the tube axes aligned, depending on the application. The opening of the both sides of such a tubular body 31 is closed by welding or the like by a closing plate 32 so that water does not enter the internal space portion 33. As the sealed tube body 31, for example, a tube having a circular cross section with an outer diameter of 3.3 m and a length of 10 m is used. As the tubular body 31, as in the case of the tubular body 16 described above, a thermoplastic resin, in this case high density polyethylene, is used, and the one having the structure shown in each of FIGS. 4 and 5 described above is used. By selecting a thermoplastic resin such as high density polyethylene having a specific gravity smaller than that of water, it floats in water, and since it is lightweight, it is convenient to carry. Furthermore, among these, since the tube 31 is a shelter that floats on the water surface, a tube excellent in heat insulation having hollow portions 16c and 16e is preferable.

  The shelter 30 is horizontal and used so that the tube axis is in the horizontal direction. A space 34 in which a plurality of evacuees temporarily reside is horizontally long, and a floor 34 is provided at its bottom so as to be flat. The floor 34 is provided, for example, by connecting scaffolding plates. A floor or the like may be laid on the floor 34. The floor 35 is a space, which is a space in which wiring and parts and fixtures of various facilities are stored. Moreover, the balance weight may be arrange | positioned so that a posture may be stabilized, when the floor 35 is floating on the water surface.

  On the floor 34, a plurality of seats 36 are installed along the side walls. Each seat 36 is fixed by a fixing member such as a screw so that the installation position does not shift even if the shelter 30 floats under the influence of waves or the like when floating. Further, each seat 36 is provided with a seat belt 36a so that the posture is stabilized even if the room sways when the evacuee is seated. Further, on one side in the longitudinal direction of the space portion 33, the toilet 37 isolated by the partition wall 37a is provided.

In the space portion 33 as described above, one or more entrances 38 for the evacuation person to enter and exit the space portion 33 are provided. The entrance 38 is an elevator provided with a hatch, and a hatch excellent in water tightness is used. Evacuees go up and down by ladder 38a. Further, a ventilation port 39 is provided in the pipe body 31. The ventilation port 39 is attached with a ventilation system provided with, for example, a filtration device, an air conditioner, and the like.
According to the embodiment of the shelter 30 as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) The shelter 30 can be of a floating type because it is formed of a thermoplastic resin, here high density polyethylene. Moreover, since the pipe body 31 is a thermoplastic resin, it can be manufactured easily, and the pipe body 31 which has the space part 33 sealed easily can be manufactured. In addition, the shelter 30 is lightweight, and can be easily transported and installed.

  (2) Moreover, the tube body 31 is excellent in flexibility and impact resistance, and occurs at the time of floating even if it collides with an obstacle when floating, or when floating matter collides. Can be prevented from being damaged or damaged by vibration.

(3) Furthermore, the shelter 30 is excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be stored for a long time.
The embodiment of the shelter 30 as described above can be appropriately modified and implemented as follows.

  -It is good for this tube 31 to have luminous property. In addition, it is preferable to have a light reflection function. For example, by applying a paint having at least one of luminous property and light reflectivity to the outer surface of the tubular body 31, the shelter 30 emits light at night, and night rescue operation can be easily performed. . Of course, the tubular body 31 may be one in which a phosphorescent pigment or a reflective material is dispersed.

  Also, the tubular body 31 may have higher flame retardancy than the thermoplastic resin of the material. In the case of a tsunami or the like, floating matter such as a house where a fire has occurred may be drifting away. The shelter 30 can prevent fire from spreading to the tubular body 31 because the tubular body 31 is formed of the flame-retardant resin or the flame-retardant resin is applied to the surface.

  Since the shelter 30 as described above is horizontal and has a cylindrical shape, its posture is not stable when it is installed on the roof of the housing complex 3 a or the entrance structure 12. That is, it will rotate centering on the axis of the tube 31. Therefore, the support leg may be provided on the side surface of the tubular body 31 formed by the curved surface so that the posture when not in use is stabilized. For example, the support legs project in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube, that is, in a direction normal to the side face on the arc. The support leg may be a rod-like member, for example, a resin pipe, and may be configured to protrude in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of the tube 31. By providing two or more support legs, the rotation of the tube 31 about the axis can be restricted. Further, by providing three or more support legs, preferably four or more support legs, the posture of shelter 30 can be stabilized in a state in which tube body 31 is separated from the installation surface and lifted up, or in a state of contact. . Further, as the supporting legs, two long rod-like members, for example, resin tubes may be provided substantially in parallel with the axis. This also makes it possible to regulate the rotation about the axis of the tube.

  Further, the shelter 30 may be stored by a dedicated stand. For example, the installation table has a plurality of support portions having a concave surface that conforms to the side surface configured by the arc surface of the cylindrical tube 31, and the tube 31 engages with the plurality of support portions in a horizontal arrangement. Be done. When not in use, the shelter 30 is stored in a safe state by being supported by such a mounting table. The configuration of the installation stand is not limited to this.

  In the shelter 30, the closing plate 32 for closing the side surface of the tube 31 may be a curved plate instead of a flat plate because the tip of the tube 31 is formed by a curved surface such as streamline. As a result, even when the floating object collides during floating, the impact at the time of collision can be mitigated. Further, at the time of rescue, the shelter 30 can be towed smoothly.

  -As shown in Drawing 9 and Drawing 10, shelter 40 which connected a plurality of pipes 31 by connection mechanism 41 may be used. In the case of the horizontal tube 31, when floating, it is easy to tilt around the tube axis by waves and the like, and the posture is not stable. In the shelter 40, since the horizontal tubes 31 are connected by the connecting mechanism 41 so that the tube axes become parallel, the whole becomes flat. Therefore, in the shelter 40, it is difficult to tilt in the tube axis direction also by waves or the like, and the posture is stabilized. In addition, the overall size is increased, so that only one shelter can be prevented from becoming isolated, and it becomes easy to find even when drifting.

  For the connection mechanism 41, a high strength cord member 42 such as an aramid fiber can be used. When the cord members 42 are used, the tubular bodies 31 may be arranged so that the axes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent tubular bodies 31 may be connected by the cord members 42. In this case, the positioning member 43 or the like may be disposed in a valley between adjacent tubes 31.

  Furthermore, in the above shelters, although the horizontal type has been described, the tubular body may be vertical. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in the vertical shelter 44, the tube axis of the tube 31 is in the vertical direction, and one flat circular surface is the bottom. A floor 45 is provided on the flat bottom surface of the space portion 33 of the tubular body 31. The floor 45 is provided, for example, by connecting scaffolding plates. A floor or the like may be laid on the floor 45. Under the floor, a balance weight 47 is disposed so that the posture is stabilized when floating on the water surface.

As described above, the pipe body 31 is provided with the seat 36 and the toilet 37. Moreover, the entrance 38 and the ventilation port 39 are provided in the ceiling of the space part 33, ie, the one obstruction board 32 of the pipe body 31. As shown in FIG. Furthermore, the vertical shelters 44 may also be arranged side by side with their pipe axes parallel and connected by the connecting mechanism 41.
In this shelter 44, since the bottom surface is a flat surface, the posture at the time of floating becomes more stable than the horizontal shelter 30.

  FIG. 13 shows a buried type shelter. The shelter 48 is buried in the ground and is effective for tornado disasters and the like. Both the horizontal type shelter 30 and the vertical type shelter 44 are embedded so as to expose the entrance 38 and the ventilation port 39 to the ground.

Also, in the case where a plurality of tubes 31 shown in FIG. 9 are connected, the tubes 31 adjacent to each other communicate with the spaces 33, 33 via the connecting tubes, and the inside of the spaces 33, 33 Evacuees may be allowed to move between the tubes 31, 31.
-Moreover, although the shelter 30, 40, 44, 48 demonstrated above was demonstrated for evacuation, it can also be used as a storage for evacuation.
[Mega float]

  As shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the mega float 50 is a pipe structure formed by connecting a plurality of pipes 51 so that the pipe axes become parallel. As the tubular body 51, the same one as the tubular body 16 used for the evacuation passage 11 or the like and the tubular body 31 used for the shelters 30, 40, 44 are used. The pipe body 51 is used as a vertical type in which the pipe axis is vertical, and is connected by the connection mechanism 52. Like the shelters 30, 40, 44, the tubular body 51 may or may not be provided with a living space inside. In addition, since the tubular body 51 is a thermoplastic resin and floats, both ends may be closed, or only one may be closed, and the both ends are open. It is also good.

  The connection mechanism 52 for connecting the tubular body 51 can use a high strength cord member 53 such as an aramid fiber. When the cord members 53 are used, the tubular bodies 51 may be arranged so that the axes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent tubular bodies 51 may be connected by the cord members 53. In this case, the positioning member 43 or the like shown in FIG. 9 or the like may be disposed in the valley between the adjacent tubes 51.

  Balance weights 54 are disposed on the bottom of each tube 51 so that the posture is stabilized when floating on the water surface. Moreover, the flat plate body 55 is arrange | positioned by the top surface which faces the water surface in the some pipe body 51 connected by the connection mechanism 52. As shown in FIG. The plate 55 may be a metal plate or a resin plate, but a lightweight resin plate is preferable if sufficient strength can be secured. The plate body 55 can be stably attached to the connected body of the tube body 51 by being attached to the flat top surface of the vertical tube body 51. The plate 55 serves as a helicopter landing site, and serves as an emergency take-off and landing site used only in an emergency such as a disaster. The plate 55 is provided with an identification mark 56 of “Mar · H,“ Rescue point ””. Of course, the board 55 may be provided with identification marks of “Mar · R,“ Rescue point ””, and may be a hovering space.

For example, in the case of using the mega float 50 as a heliport, one side is as wide as about 20 to 30 m. In addition, the helicopter is about several tons. The mega float 50 is designed to have sufficient buoyancy to support the helicopter and the evacuees. Moreover, when using as a hovering space, it may be smaller than this and one side may be about 10 m.
According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) The mega float 50 is constructed by connecting the tubular bodies 51 formed of high density polyethylene, so the tubular body 51 is lightweight, excellent in workability, and can be easily manufactured. That is, a large square can be easily provided on the sea, and this square can be used as a heliport.

  (2) Moreover, the tube body 51 is excellent in flexibility and impact resistance, and occurs at the time of floating, even when it collides with an obstacle or when the floating matter collides. Can be prevented from being damaged or damaged by vibration. In addition, during the takeoff and landing of the helicopter, etc., a large vibration is applied to the megafloat 50, and it is possible to prevent the megafloat 50 from being damaged or damaged even by such a vibration.

(3) Furthermore, the megafloat 50 is excellent in chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be stored for a long time.
In addition, the embodiment of the above-mentioned mega float 50 can also be suitably changed as follows, and can also be implemented.

  -As shown in Drawing 11 and Drawing 12, each pipe 51 which constitutes mega float 50 may be used as a shelter for rescue. The shelter 44 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is vertical, and the tube body 51 of the mega float 50 is also vertical. In this case, the shelters 44 are connected by the connecting mechanism 52, and the plate 55 is disposed on the top surface. Thus, the megaflot 50 can also function as a shelter in addition to functioning as a heliport. Of course, the pipe 51 formed by the mega float 50 may function not as a shelter but as a storage. In this case, emergency supplies such as emergency food will be stored in the storage.

  -It is good for this tube 51 to have luminous property. In addition, it is preferable to have a light reflection function. For example, the tubular body 51 can easily specify the position of the heliport from the outside even at night by applying at least one of the luminous property and the light reflective property to the outer surface. Further, the tubular body 51 may have flame retardancy more than the thermoplastic resin of the material. In the case of a tsunami or the like, there may be a drifting house or the like where a fire has occurred. The mega float 50 can prevent the fire from spreading to the tubular body 51 by forming the tubular body 51 with the flame retardant resin or by applying the flame retardant resin to the surface. .

  The mega float 50 may be a permanent installation, but a plurality of tubes 51 may be connected to constitute one unit only when in use, and a plurality of units may be connected to form a large-area heliport. In this case, normally, the mega float 50 is divided into units, and each unit is stored in a storage or shelter in the coastal area. Then, in disasters, each unit is transported to the coast, and the unit is combined into a heliport. When constructing the mega float 50, it is only necessary to transport a small unit, and the unit can be easily transported to the coast. The connection of the units can be performed using a simple connection mechanism configured to connect adjacent units using the above-described cord members 42, hooks, and the like. The connection mechanism is preferably one that can connect the units by an easy operation in an emergency. Then, as each unit is collected, each unit is connected to each other to form a mega float 50, which becomes a heliport. In order to construct the mega-float 50, the tubular body 51 is formed of a thermoplastic resin and is lightweight so that it can be easily transported, and furthermore, the mega-float 50 can be easily assembled. In addition, the mega-floats 50 can be divided in units, so that the size can also be adjusted by adjusting the number of connected units.

  The tube body 51 may be a horizontal type, and the plate body 55 may be disposed on the connection body of the horizontal type tube body as shown in FIG.

  -In addition, the application of the mega float 50 is not limited to the heliport. The mega float 50 can be used, for example, as a floating dock, a container wharf, a floating breakwater, an oil reservoir base, a power generation facility such as wave power generation, a facility such as an exhibition hall, a shelter, or a runway.

-The pipe body 51 with which the mega float 50 is equipped may be the structure which is not equipped with the entrance and exit. The effects described in the above (1) to (3) can be obtained also in the mega float 50 composed of such a tube.
According to the above-mentioned embodiment and its modification, the following technical ideas are further derived.
(Supplementary Note 1)

In the evacuation system, at least one of the evacuation passage system, the shelter, and the megafloat is an evacuation pipe structure including a tube formed of a thermoplastic resin. If at least one of the evacuation passage system, the shelter, and the megafloat is an evacuation pipe structure formed of a thermoplastic resin, the resistance to vibration is enhanced in this portion. In addition, it is possible to construct an evacuation system at a low cost and in a short period.
(Supplementary Note 2)

In the supplementary passage 1, in the evacuation passage system, the evacuation passage is provided with a ventilation system and an electric cable including at least one of an electric installation. With this configuration of the evacuation passage, the evacuees can pass through the evacuation passage safely.
(Supplementary Note 3)

In the supplementary note 1, the shelter includes a plurality of the tubes, and the tube axes of the plurality of tubes are connected so as to be located in the same plane. According to the configuration described in Appendix 3, it is possible to increase the size of the entire shelter.
(Supplementary Note 4)

In the supplementary note 1, the shelter is provided with a balance weight at one end face of the tube. According to the configuration described in Appendix 4, the balance weight is disposed on one end face of the tube, whereby the floating posture is stabilized.
(Supplementary Note 5)

In the supplementary note 1, the shelter includes a plurality of the tubes, and the plurality of tubes are juxtaposed and connected such that the tube axes of the plurality of tubes are parallel to each other. According to the configuration described in Supplementary Note 5, it is possible to increase the size of the entire shelter.
(Supplementary Note 6)

In the above-mentioned Supplementary Note 5, the shelter arranges a plate on a plane orthogonal to the tube axis. According to the configuration described in Appendix 6, one evacuation pipe structure can be used as a shelter and a mega-float.
(Appendix 7)

  In the supplementary note 4, the shelter is provided with an inlet / outlet and a vent on one end face of the tube. According to the configuration described in Appendix 7, it is possible to enter and exit from the outside through the entrance and to ventilate through the vent.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Evacuation system, 3 ... Residential area, 3a ... Apartment house, 3b ... Single-family house, 4 ... Factory area, 5 ... Evacuation place, 10 ... Evacuation aisle system, 11 ... Evacuation aisle, 12 ... Entrance structure, 12a ... doorway 13, outlet structure, 13a, inlet and outlet, 14: spare pipeline, 15: connection pipe, 16: tube body, 16a: tube body, 16b: tube body, 16c: hollow portion, 16d: tube body, 16e: hollow Parts, 16f: tube body, 16g: tube body, 16h: rib, 16i: hollow portion, 16j: tube body, 16i: hollow portion, 16j: tube body, 16i: hollow portion, 17: sidewalk, 18a: intake pipe, 18b: Exhaust pipe, 19: Handrail, 21: Stair, 30: Shelter, 31: Tube, 32: Blocking plate, 33: Space portion, 34: Floor, 35: Underfloor, 36: Seat, 36a: Seat belt, 37 ... restroom, 37a ... bulkhead, 38 ... entrance, 38a Ladder, 39: Ventilation opening, 40: Shelter, 41: Coupling mechanism, 42: String member, 43: Positioning member, 44: Shelter, 45: Floor, 47: Balance weight, 48: Shelter, 50: Megafloat, 51 ... Tube body, 52 ... connection mechanism, 53 ... string member, 54 ... balance weight, 55 ... plate body, 56 ... identification mark.

Claims (8)

An evacuation pipe structure comprising: a pipe body having a space portion large enough for people to live or to pass through; and an entrance and exit to and from the space portion, wherein the pipe body is formed of a thermoplastic resin,
Comprising a plurality of said tubes,
The plurality of tubes are connected to each other such that the tube axes of the plurality of tubes are parallel to each other,
A plate is disposed in a plane orthogonal to the tube axis,
An evacuation pipe structure configured as a mega-float. The evacuation pipe structure according to claim 1, wherein the pipe body is provided with at least one of luminous property and reflective property. The evacuation pipe structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mega float is configured by connecting a unit configured by connecting a plurality of the pipe bodies by a connecting mechanism. The evacuation pipe structure according to claim 3, wherein the connection mechanism includes a cord member. The evacuation pipe structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipe body is a shelter or a storage. The evacuation pipe structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thermoplastic resin is high density polyethylene. The evacuation pipe structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a rib is provided in an annular or spiral shape on an outer surface of the pipe body. The evacuation tube structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the tube body is provided with a large number of hollow portions in a tube wall.

Images