JP2016053296A - Tsunami shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tsunami shelter capable of preventing a house from being flowed away by flood while reducing collision load with rubbles.SOLUTION: At least a part of a house is arranged as a tsunami shelter. The tsunami shelter is fixed by means of a cable tensioned at an angle like a guard wire 57 to thereby reduce the load of earthquake, prevent the house from being flowed away by flood while reducing collision load with rubbles.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a safety system apparatus that prevents the safety of human lives from tsunamis and the diffusion of radioactive rays at the nuclear power plant.

On a global scale, large earthquakes with large tsunamis often occur, but for individuals living in specific areas, the cycle of occurrence is the mean time between failure (hereinafter referred to as MTBF above) in terms of reliability engineering. ) Is longer than the average lifespan, so it is difficult to live with a sense of tension at all times in preparation for the tsunami. For example, in preparation for a tsunami, when a place where the beach is more advantageous is moved to the mountains and unnecessary transportation costs are paid, if MTBF is applied to it, a huge loss will occur. It is also the same as moving only the residence to the mountains and paying unnecessary commuting time and transportation expenses, and about 30% of life is spent at work, so the risk is reduced by only 70%. On the other hand, in the mountains, there are dangers of the collapse of back hills and mountain tsunamis due to heavy rains and earthquakes, making them even more expensive than countermeasures for sea tsunamis. Therefore, there is no choice but to find the place of production and life on the seaside, but looking at the results of the tsunami damage, the strength members of reinforced concrete and steel structures remain, but the living space of humans has been washed away and has not remained. There are many.

The height of the tsunami breakwater is limited to 10m in the national economy, so in the case of a large tsunami, the velocity energy is replaced with the potential energy, and it easily gets over the levee and becomes velocity energy again and enters the inland. However, heavy, highly airtight items such as cars, refrigerators, and containers rise and flow out. Therefore, in the case of a general wooden house, leaving the fabric foundation, it floats and flows out, collides with other houses and causes a domino phenomenon that becomes rubble. The result of the tsunami due to the March 11 Tohoku earthquake is as follows: Except for scattered concrete buildings, it became a vast flat land. Furthermore, in Fukushima, the diesel engine for emergency power generation was installed on a plateau 10 meters above sea level and started generating electricity withstands earthquakes, but there was no tsunami shelter and intake / exhaust pipes following the tsunami. As a result, the person in charge died, and as a result, the emergency diesel engine was completely submerged, the power supply was completely unusable, the emergency core cooling device did not function, and air blown occurred. As a result, a large amount of radioactivity diffuses outside the site, and there is still invisible damage such as the inability to stop the release of radioactive polluted water into the sea via groundwater from uncontaminated forests. .

  JP2012-242375A (FIG. 15)

  Due to the above background, residents need to evacuate during the tsunami. However, it is physically impossible for everyone including the elderly, caregivers and hospitalized patients, etc. to blame to the hill within the time until the arrival of the tsunami. In fact, many victims including healthy people are being sent out. . The time from the earthquake to the tsunami is sufficient for an earthquake that occurred behind the earth, but it is only a few minutes in the vicinity of the sea, and there is no room to escape to the hills and distant shelters. However, it is economically difficult to build a building that can withstand the entire tsunami in the seaside production and living space, making daily production and life extremely inconvenient. Will be enormous. In addition, even if the entire building is designed to be a tsunami shelter, people and things need to come and go frequently for production and life, and because the tsunami MTBF is longer than the life of a person, It is also difficult to maintain and maintain the safety device so that it does not fail. Therefore, realistic tsunami shelters are required to have a forgetful design that does not cause any particular inconvenience or tension in daily production and life.

In order to solve such a problem, the present invention is to provide a tsunami shelter with an airtight upper part on a normal production or living space. However, the airtight portion may be provided with an airtight emergency escape lid or the like that normally does not open and close and an alarm sounds when opened. Therefore, in the event of a tsunami, you can easily evacuate to a tsunami shelter. And downstairs, everyday production and living spaces do not strongly block the passage of the tsunami. However, the tsunami MTBF is long, so the amount of damage per year is small.

Therefore, it is necessary to make part of the building, the basement and the middle floor a tsunami shelter. However, when a tsunami shelter is installed in the basement, there is no collision with the above debris, it is only necessary to deal with hydrostatic pressure, and it is possible to evacuate to a high ground by providing an underground passage network. Safety redundancy and reliability Although it is expensive, the cost of excavation and maintenance is increased, the period of submergence is long, and there is a possibility that a puddle will remain even if it is replaced by a pulling wave. On the other hand, when a tsunami shelter is used for the middle floors above the second floor, there is an advantage that “the submergence period is short”, but the function of absorbing the impact energy of debris is required.

And the number of people to be accommodated in the tsunami shelter, such as nearby pedestrians and bathers, is uncertain, and when the human embryo becomes thin, oxygen in the body is sucked out due to breathing and suffocates, Without an intake / exhaust system, it is dangerous to stuff humans into a shelter, and conversely, when oxygen gas is supplied from an oxygen cylinder and the oxygen concentration becomes high, it is said that `` the heart loses stimulation and stops '' It is also forbidden. Therefore, an air cylinder for diving is necessary, but there are also problems such as corrosion, and it is costly to store and store a sufficient amount for many years, and it is against forgetty, so even on underground shelters and on the ground As shown at 18 in Fig. 1, a constant height intake and exhaust system is essential for the lower floor shelter. Furthermore, in order to secure air inside, the shelter as the hub is provided with an intake / exhaust pipe that extends upward and is capable of receiving a debris collision, and supplies high-pressure air to the terminal shelter. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, an intake / exhaust pipe is also provided when the high-pressure air is produced or generated by an automobile housed in a shelter or a single engine. In addition to the double roller type shown in the figure, the power can be taken out using a single roller type or a vehicle provided with a direct power take-off shaft. In any case, for emergency reliability, it is desirable to use a car that has undergone a vehicle inspection and is running everyday, and at least about 2 cars must be parked in the shelter at all times or during alarms. Is desirable.

Convenience of daily life is not excluded, construction costs are low, and human life can be reliably protected when a tsunami strikes.

  It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the shelter for tsunami which concerns on embodiment of this invention.   It is a figure which shows the case where the top floor of a building is used as a shelter as another embodiment.   It is a figure which shows the case where a loft is used as a shelter as another Example.   It is a figure which shows the case where an attic is used as a shelter as another Example.   It is a figure which shows the case where a 4 pillar lift is utilized as another Example.   It is a figure which shows the case where a 4 pillar lift is provided in a pit as another Example.   It is a figure which shows the case where the parking lot of the 2nd floor of a building is used as a shelter as another Example.   It is a figure which shows the detail of the valuables lifting apparatus of the Example of FIG.   It is a figure which shows the detail of the water-resistant case of the Example of FIG.   Example of tsunami shelter for nuclear power plant peripherals. The same as FIG. 15 of JP2012-242375A.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a building made of reinforced concrete or steel and having a strength capable of withstanding a tsunami, and 2 denotes a ground height. Accordingly, reference numeral 3 denotes a room on the first floor, which is normally used for production, residence, or a store in a store, and is provided with a door having a large opening as in 4 for easy access.

  A shutter that automatically closes with a tsunami warning may be provided outside the opening of 4, but it can withstand the tsunami load even if it closes for a long time and does not operate due to a failure. In some cases, it is not possible, and because the shutter has withstood, the load on the building increases and there is a risk of damage to the building, so it is basically assumed that it will not resist tsunami.

5 is a tsunami shelter provided on the upper floor, and is connected to 3 via doors 6 and 7 and an airtight staircase 8. The tsunami shelter 5 and the staircase 8 are airtight. The doors 6 and 7 are also semi-hermetic. However, if their airtightness deteriorates due to secular change, or if they are forgotten to close when evacuating to a shelter, there is no risk of life.

9 is an airtight cover of the emergency escape hole, so that if a fire breaks out near the door 7, it can be opened from the inside so that it can be escaped to a section 24 such as a passage on the second floor or a neighboring house. Yes. As for the means to open the lid, there are cases in which a transparent protective plate is removed and the lever is turned, as in the case of an emergency exit of a bus, or the red ax 10 is used to destroy the lid as seen in Western hotels. When a tsunami comes while the lid 9 is opened, the water surface reaches the upper end 11 of the escape hole, but a living space above it is secured. For fires near the door 7, there may be a sprinkler that detects the flame of the fire and injects a digestive agent at a pinpoint aiming at the flame.

13 is a bed, and if you go to bed here, you can protect the safety of life against a tsunami during a deep sleep. Reference numeral 16 denotes a duct for discharging the air in the shelter 5 at a normal time, and exhausts the air from the louver 19 through the vertical tubes 17 and 18 to the outside. If the natural exhaust is insufficient, the fan 20 is used. In FIG. 7, 17 and 18 normally intake air to the second floor room, 88 is a shelter exhaust, and if a gasoline leaks due to a car failure, the vaporized gasoline scoops the floor. Therefore, the air is discharged to the outside by natural convection through the duct 89. On the contrary, the louver 90 removes floating substances when the tsunami enters. When the tsunami reaches the water level at the lower end of the skirt 39f, the inside of the shelter becomes airtight, and further intrusion of seawater can be prevented.

The highest water level of the tsunami is temporary and moves to the next wave of the swell, but if the water level of the tsunami is higher than the ceiling of the shelter 5 for a certain period of time, and the airtight performance of the door 7 has deteriorated, If the user forgets to close the air, the air in the shelter may be compressed, and the seawater may rise up above the stairs 8. Therefore, even if seawater reaches the floor of the shelter, a living space is secured. However, the atmospheric pressure increases. 21 is a float valve, 18 is a duct connected to the louver 19, 21 is a valve, and the figure shows the normal state. The highest water level of the tsunami is temporary, and then the tsunami moves to the pulling wave. If the tsunami reaches a height of 19 for a short time, it closes by a mechanism (not shown) to prevent the tsunami from entering.

In order to save fuel and relieve stress on the aircraft, international passenger planes take 30 minutes after takeoff, lower the pressure to an altitude equivalent to 1500 m, and return it to before landing. In this case, even if an adult has a clogged nose, the ears are burdened, so the heels are licked and the mouth is moved, but the child cannot understand the reason and cannot cope with it, making it difficult to cry. Therefore, even in this shelter, if seawater enters the stairs 8 due to forgetting to close the door 7 or failure, fluctuations in the atmospheric pressure may be a problem. In this case, the atmospheric pressure in the room may be adjusted depending on the electric or manual compressor 25. In this case, the exhaust pipe 18 may be used as an intake pipe, and the atmospheric pressure may be increased by the electric or manual compressor 25 to increase the atmospheric pressure in the room and prevent the tsunami from entering the shelter. In this case, if the floor 2 is 2m above sea level, the stairs 8 is 3m high and the tsunami is 17m above sea level, the pressure on the shelter is (17-2.-5) ÷ 10 = 0.7atm or more It becomes. Even a portable compressor for adjusting tire pressure that uses power from a cigarette lighter socket, which is used for start-up inspection of automobiles, can produce 5 atm. Because it is a specification, it can be handled with a margin.

In the above description, 2 is the ground height and the shelter is the second floor. However, the present invention may be applied to higher floors where the surface of 2 is the second floor or more.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 1a shows a building made of reinforced concrete or steel and having a strength capable of withstanding a tsunami, and the top floor of the pill is a shelter. As in FIG. 1, 3a is a normal use space such as a house, and 5a is an airtight shelter. 6a is an entrance door, and when a tsunami strikes, the residents go up the airtight staircase 8a from the door 7a and evacuate to the shelter. On the other hand, nearby residents also go up to the first floor of the shelter by the outside staircase 26, enter the staircase 8a through the airtight door 27, go up the stairs, open 6a, and evacuate to the shelter.

28 is an elevator shaft, and if there is no mechanical damage due to an earthquake, it carries a sick person in a wheelchair before the tsunami strikes. Reference numeral 29 denotes a lifting motor, which is switched to an emergency engine in the event of a power failure. 30 is an airtight door that can be manually opened and closed even in the event of a power failure, 31 is an airtight skirt, and statically blocks the water surface of the tsunami at a height of 32. If a tsunami dynamically passes through room 3a and forgets to close door 30, there is a risk of flooding on the floor of room 5a, but a living space is secured.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. In the figure, 1b shows a building made of reinforced concrete or steel and having a strength capable of withstanding a tsunami, as in FIG. 1, 3b is a normal use space such as a house, and 4b is a front door thereof. And, with an emphasis on everyday scenery, it faces the sea side where the tsunami comes. 33 is a back window, and the upper part of each upper edge 34, 35 is airtight. 36 is a loft which is normally used as a bed. The iron grid 37 prevents falling due to an earthquake or tsunami during a deep sleep. In some cases, a transparent plastic plate is attached to 37 to form a double airtight shelter including the bottom plate 38 and the skirt portion 39. Reference numeral 40 denotes a waterproof lid, which interlocks with an earthquake vibration or tsunami warning, and pulls the rope 41 according to a mechanism (not shown) to automatically close the 40 even during a deep sleep. Reference numeral 42 denotes a lifting ladder, which is divided into a skirt portion, a lid portion, and a floor portion. 43 is an automatic shutter, which is automatically closed at the time of a tsunami like the lid 40. In some cases, slits are provided on the shutter surface to allow some water to pass through, reducing the water pressure of the tsunami and preventing damage to the shutter. Reference numeral 44 denotes a clothes-drying stand, which fixes a basket on the top to prevent the invasion of floating objects during the tsunami. 45 may also be an iron lattice and may be further stretched with a net or plastic plate. However, it is limited when they cause the danger of collapse to the building 1b.

Even if an alarm is issued, if the tsunami does not come, it may be small, so it is dangerous to wait and watch out, go out to the beach and watch the situation, and tsunami and floating objects collide Since it is necessary to be ready at the moment, an outdoor camera box 46 with a wiper is provided and monitored by a monitor 47 in the shelter.

When the closing of the hermetic door 7 functions normally, an intake pipe having the same shape as the exhaust pipe 18 may be provided and outside air may be introduced depending on the fan 20. In particular, when the power of an automobile or engine alone is used for air supply or power generation, depending on 74 in FIG. 5, 74k in FIG. 9, or a power take-off device not shown in FIG. 7, the water level of the tsunami is the skirt 96 in FIG. The exhaust pipe 18 in FIG. 7 needs to be provided exclusively for the engine as well as for humans even if it is lower than the lower end, but if it exceeds the lower end of 96, 18 will also be required as an intake pipe.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 5c shows a tsunami shelter in the attic room. 48 and 49 are steel through pillars that support the shelter 5c, and the normal living space 3c and below does not resist the tsunami more than a certain amount, and as shown in the figure, the pillars 48 and 49 and the brazing bar 50 may flow out and leave . It consists of. The brace 50 may apply pre-tension by inserting a turnbuckle in the middle. 48 and 49 are paired, and a minimum of two sets are provided in the front-rear direction of the figure, and a brace 50 may be provided between the pillars 49 in the front-rear direction. In some cases, it is not provided. 8c is an airtight skirt having a built-in ladder that leads from the floor 51 on the second floor to the shelter 5c, and is provided with an airtight door 7c. Furthermore, 8c is arranged so as to be a shadow of the pillar 48.49 in order to avoid tsunami suspended matter, and its cross section may be an ellipse like a bridge girder.

The lower ends of the columns 48 and 49 are connected to the floor 52 on the first floor. Reference numeral 53 denotes a reinforced concrete or steel cloth foundation bonded to an underground foundation pile (not shown). 52 is slidable in the horizontal direction, and its horizontal position is regulated by a cable 56 having one end coupled to a pin 54 on 52 and the other end coupled to a pin 55 on 53. Yes. The cable 56 is also stretched in all directions except for the illustration, and regulates the position 52. An anti-vibration rubber (not shown) may be inserted between 52 and 53.

Tsunamis are not just water currents, but debris from damaged houses and automobiles floating on the surface of water flow at a considerable speed, so collision engineering measures are necessary. Fishing boats need to be treated separately so that they do not flow into the land. However, since automobiles are used on land and on a daily basis, floating is inevitable. The cable 57 is a guard wire for an expressway, and as a result of carrying out an intense collision strike, it has the effect of absorbing a large collision energy and reducing the collision load by making a constant stroke in a state where the collision load is applied. is there. It also has the effect of moving away the suspended matter so that it does not hit the pillar. This is also known to be effective when stretched between the bow and the bridge to prevent the submarine from colliding with the bridge.

If the cable 57 interferes with daily life, it is stored along the pillar 48 and the foundation 53, and only when preparing for a tsunami, it is tightened with an electric winch (not shown) or a manual crusher to the state shown in the figure. There is also a case. If you forget it, you can prevent the house from leaking.

When the tsunami reaches the height of the shelter, the shelter 5c becomes a floating bag, and the whole house rises and tries to be washed away. On the other hand, the cables 58 provided mainly on the four sides recognize that the whole house is slightly lifted and reduce the shock while preventing the loss. In addition, admitting a slight lift also contributes to the relaxation of the bending moment applied to the lower end of the house due to seismic loads and suspended object collisions. An impact absorbing mechanism such as a close contact type coil spring or a hydraulic damper may be inserted in the middle of each cable.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment, which uses a four-post lift used for the maintenance of automobiles. The left and right sides of the figure show the directions of tsunami and pulling waves. 2d is the ground surface, and a beam 53d is embedded therein. The lower surface of 53d is coupled to an underground pile (not shown), lift columns 60 and 61 are coupled thereon, and an airtight cover 5d is coupled thereon to form a tsunami shelter. Reference numeral 62 denotes a four-post lift tread. A normal lift is open at the center to maintain the lower part of the automobile, but is closed and airtight in this lift. 62d indicates a state where the tread plate is lowered for normal use as a garage, and the vehicle gets in using the inclined plate 68 corresponding to the thickness of the tread plate. Reference numeral 64 denotes two pillars having a width through which a car can pass, and is coupled to an upper horizontal beam 65 to form a gate shape. A hook 66 is provided at the center of the beam 65, and a hook 68 at the tip of a leaf spring 67 coupled to the center of 5d and a collision load reducing cable 69 are coupled. The lower end of the rear collision load reducing cable 70 is directly coupled to 53d. The figure shows a state in which the footboard is raised to the position 62 in response to the tsunami warning. At this time, the packing 63 bonded to the lower portion of 5d is sandwiched between 62 and 5d is used as an airtight chamber to prevent a tsunami from entering. Since the door packing of the automobile 71 also has airtightness, it has a double airtight effect.

In the event of a major earthquake or its warning, the tread board gets into the car at the position of 62d to avoid the danger of collapse of the house, and is raised to the position of 62 before the earthquake is settled and a tsunami comes. Normally, a four-post lift uses a motor to rotate a hydraulic pump and pull a cable that is stretched through a hydraulic cylinder to lift the tread. In this device, power is drawn from the car battery and the motor is turned. Normally, a large motor is used to increase the efficiency of maintenance, but this device uses a small motor so as not to put a burden on the car battery because it can be in time even if it is raised more slowly. If the battery happens to rise, start the engine and raise the lift in a charged state, stop the engine before it becomes airtight, or open the emergency escape hole 72 to enter the outside air. Even if it takes time for the tsunami to come after evacuation, or when another tsunami comes, look at the aircraft and open 72 to put in the outside air. When the electric system breaks down due to submergence or the like, the drive wheel 73 may be placed on the double roller 74 and hydraulic pressure may be generated by the output of the car, or the lift may be raised or lowered directly by a ball screw or the like. There are also cases where it is manually moved up and down. In the case of the manual type, a balance weight (not shown) may be used so that it can be moved lightly. If the weight of the car is not fixed, the balance weight may be heavier, and if the nail is removed, it may be lifted by the governor. 75 is a water bumper used for mitigating the collision of the bus, and protects the columns 61 and 60 from the collision of floating substances. In the case of the present embodiment, the 4-post lift, which is mass-produced for the maintenance of automobiles, is diverted, so that the construction cost is low and it fits in the existing parking space of each household. Furthermore, there are examples where the 4-post lift is still used as a parking space for a second car, and in that case, the cost dedicated to countermeasures against tsunamis can be further reduced. In some cases, a two-post lift is used.

FIG. 6 is another embodiment, and the solid line in the figure indicates a state waiting for a tsunami. Reference numeral 60e denotes a four-post lift provided in a pit 76 dug in the ground 2e. The lower part is coupled to a base 53e, and an automobile 71e used as a shelter is on a lift tread 62e. A lower portion of the jack 77 is coupled to the tread board. An airtight skirt 39e of a shelter lid 79 is coupled to the upper end of the jack expansion / contraction section 78. The jack is placed behind the pillar so that it does not get in the way of the car. A packing 80 adhered to the lower surface of the lid 79 is strongly pressed against the outer peripheral protruding portion 81 of the pit to keep the pit 76 airtight. Even if the packing is damaged, the water level in the pit is stopped at the height of the lower end of the skirt 39e, so that a breathing space is secured. 82 is an escape tower when water remains on the ground surface for a long time and the lift breaks down even after the tsunami passes, and 57e is a cable for mitigating the impact load of floating substances. Reference numerals 83 and 84 denote double-tight airtight doors. If rubble is on the lid 84, it escapes from the side airtight door 85. The lift 60e may be a heavy load for large vehicle maintenance, and may be able to push the vehicle up against the weight of rubble deposited on the lid 79. A broken line indicates a state where the vehicle is normally used as a garage. If the packing 81 is severely damaged and water is allowed to enter the pit freely, 83 and 84 are opened, the water in the pit rapidly enters the skirt 39e. There is a case where it is necessary to secure breathing until escape by wearing a ball or a plastic bag. If the lower end of the skirt 39e is extended to the bottom of the pit, it is effective even when the packing 81 is damaged or the lid 79 is broken and cannot be lowered, and the space outside the vehicle can be used as a shelter. However, since it is necessary to raise the lid 79 higher in daily life indicated by a broken line, the stroke of the jack is insufficient, and measures such as lifting with a hoist may be required.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment. If 1f is a building that is not swept away by a tsunami, its second floor 5f is an airtight tsunami shelter. The slope 86 is provided in the building, and the inclination is set to 16 degrees or less so that the vehicle can enter the tsunami shelter 5f on the second floor from the road surface 2f on the first floor as in 71f. A shutter 87 is provided at the entrance of 5f for air conditioning or the like, but even if it breaks down, the function as a shelter is not affected. The space 3f on the first floor is used for efficient operations such as a factory or a store on the first floor everyday. If the second floor is also used as a parking lot, it can prevent the cars that are washed away by the tsunami from doing harm.

88 is an exhaust port of the shelter, and when gasoline leaks due to a vehicle failure, the vaporized gasoline crawls the floor and is discharged outside the room through a duct 89 by natural convection. On the contrary, the louver 90 removes floating substances when the tsunami enters. When the tsunami reaches the water level at the lower end of the skirt 39f, the inside of the shelter becomes airtight, and further intrusion of seawater can be prevented. Before the tsunami strike or when the water level of the tsunami does not reach the floor 1f, the exhaust of the vehicle 7f and the engine itself is also performed from the hole 95 provided in the floor of the 1f, but the water level of the tsunami is below the skirt 96 in FIG. When the edge is reached, the fan 20 shown in FIG. 1 is used via the ducts 17 and 18, and the exhaust is performed through the ducts 17 and 18 provided in parallel with the ducts 17 and 18. When the peak of the tsunami exceeds the top 19 of the duct, the temporary valve 21 is closed to prevent seawater from entering the shelter.

  Based on past examples, only about half of the people were able to evacuate to the highlands, and many others were drowning on foot or by car in time. This shelter can accommodate residents in the vicinity. Because you don't have to travel far, traffic congestion is unlikely to occur, and even if it happens, you can leave the car and evacuate on foot. Workers on the first floor and nearby evacuees are accommodated in the shelter on the second floor using the staircase 8 shown in FIG. The elevator to the upper floor does not have an entrance on the second floor. When going to the second floor by an elevator, as shown at 28 in FIG. 4, an elevator at the shelter floor stop is used.

There are many reports of tsunami warnings that evacuate to the shelter once, but return to collect valuables and suffer damage, so it is also necessary to safely lift valuables from within the shelter. FIG. 8 shows the details. Lifting port 95 is for lifting a machine tool etc. on the first floor in the shelter during the tsunami attack to reduce flood damage, 92 is an I beam coupled to the ceiling of the shelter, 93 is fixed to it A manual chain block or hoist, 94 is a lifting chain, and a hole 95 is provided in the floor below it and is usually surrounded by a lid or handrail (not shown). 96 is an airtight skirt that holds the water level of the tsunami at its lower end. 97 is a particularly important and expensive product or work machine placed in the work floor on the first floor, and has a stainless steel cable 98 attached thereto. 98 is buried in a groove below the floor as shown in the figure so that it does not interfere with daily work, and its upper end is coupled to a ring chain 101 inserted into a pile 100 provided on the floor of the second floor. ing. When the risk of tsunami increases, the ring 101 is pulled out from the pile and hung on the nail of the chain block like 101f. The figure shows the state where the chain block is fully pulled up afterwards. At that time, the hook 104 of the second chain block 103 is hung on the lower ring 102 and pulled up to the full. At the time when the 103 side is in charge, the machine 97 reaches the second floor and is moved to the right side of the figure by the traversing mechanism 105 and lowered. The ring 101 is painted in rainbow colors in the order of priority for lifting, and is attached to the piles in order of priority. A guide roller 106 prevents the cable 98 from rubbing against the lower end of the skirt 96. 108 shows a case where only an electronic control device or the like that is heavily damaged when submerged is lifted. When the connector 109 is pulled out due to the lifting, the operating machine 110 enters the soft landing mode and stops from the second floor. The supplied power is cut off to prevent leakage due to tsunami. It may be cut at the dog clutch, etc., and the motor may be lifted together.

111 is a house for pets, so it may get wet a little, so if a tsunami really comes, throw away the remaining machines and preferentially collect them. Even in the state of being immersed in a tsunami, a low priority machine may be pulled up without giving up and sprayed with a rust inhibitor.

As shown at 15 in FIG. 1, digital materials are stored in advance in the shelter, and original documents such as signed documents that are difficult to digitize are also stored in the shelter in advance. What is used is stored in a water-resistant case 112 shown in FIG. Even if the door 114 is connected to the case through a hinge 113 so that it can be opened and closed, it is automatically opened by the on-site broadcast when a tsunami warning is received in the shelter. At the same time, an electromagnetic hook (not shown) is released, and it is automatically closed by a spring force that is always biased, and a notch is automatically applied. The shelter is also used as a garage on a daily basis, so the tire tread wears out and the old tires that have become unusable due to wear indicators are filled with air and stored, a tsunami warning is issued, 114 is closed, Upon receipt of the notched signal, the air pressure in the tire is sent to the air pressure control tube 115 on the first floor via a pressure regulating valve (not shown). In this case, if the power supply is alive and dry high-pressure air is obtained, it may be used. The power supply of the parked car such as 71f in FIG. There are also cases where the compressor is supplied directly from a compressor, or the old tire is first filled after being supplied. 116 is a commercially available one-way valve attached to the rim of the tubeless tire, and pressurizes the inside of the hollow and airtight packing 117 to prevent the tsunami from entering the case 112. The pressure applied here is automatically controlled by calculating from the expected height of the tsunami warning. On the other hand, high-pressure air may be supplied from the tube 118 to apply pressure to the case 112 to counter the tsunami depth. Since the case 112 needs to be a high-pressure container that is not crushed by the water pressure depending on the water depth of the tsunami, there is no risk of rupture even if it is pressurized from the inside before the tsunami.

As another embodiment (not shown), the second floor parking lot shelter 5f shown in FIG. 7 is installed on the first basement floor, and the slope 86 on which the vehicle enters is once descended to the second basement floor and then the ascending slope. In some cases, it is possible to go up to an airtight shelter on the first basement floor. In this way, you can evacuate safely against a tsunami that destroys ground objects. However, the problem is that after the tsunami ends, water and rubble accumulated in the underground slope are removed and escaped. One means for this is to provide the escape tower 82 of FIG. 6 and to push out the rubble on the tower with a jack 77, and after the tsunami, the interior of the reinforced concrete or steel building Since the skeleton remains even if washed away, the escape tower may be installed behind the skeleton. In addition, there may be a number of airtight doors that divide the submarine compartments, and an underground passage network that leads to a strong building or hill under the road. In addition, since the gas pipe uses a thin and strong iron pipe, it is strong against earthquakes, so there is also a method in which high pressure air is sent from a nearby strong building or hill with a thin pipe and returned to atmospheric pressure in the shelter. If an air pipe is provided in the underground passage, it can save space and provide an air supply network that is resistant to earthquake topography.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building, 2 ... Ground, 3 ... Daily living space, 5 ... Tsunami shelter 6, 7 ... Airtight door, 8 ... Airtight staircase, 9 ... Emergency escape hole 21 ... Float valve, 26 ... Outer staircase, 28 ... Elevator shaft 36 ... Loft, 40 ... Automatic lid, 46 Outdoor camera, 47 ... Monitor 5c ... Attic room, 57 ... Guard wire, 58 ... Lifting prevention wire 60, 61 ... 4-post lift, 5d ... Shelter, 71 ... Private car 74 ... Roller for taking out the power of the car, 75 ... water bumper, 77 ... jack 82 ... escape tower, 86 ... slope, 91 ... sealing plate, 93, 103 ... chain block, 97 ... valuables, 112 ..Waterproof case

Claims (1)

When a shelter that is easy to enter and exit from the lower side and is hermetically configured at the upper side and a tsunami shelter is mainly used for a part of a wooden house, an attic, etc., as shown in FIG. By connecting the lower end to the underground foundation pile and joining the upper end to the upper part of the strength member such as the pillar 48 of the house, the earthquake load is reduced first. At the time of the invasion, tsunami and river floods are not just water currents, but rubble from damaged houses and automobiles floating on the water flow at a considerable speed. The impact energy is absorbed at 57, the impact load is reduced, and / or an impact absorbing mechanism such as a spring or a hydraulic damper (not shown) may be inserted, and / or the cable 57 is an obstacle to daily life. If it becomes, it is stored along the pillar 48 and the foundation 53, and only when preparing for a tsunami, it may be tightened with an electric winch not shown, or a manual loader, etc. A tsunami shelter characterized by preventing floating and running away.

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