JP2004339920A - Evacuating apparatus for evacuating from emergency such as tsunami or flood - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an evacuating device for evacuating from tsunami or flood entailed by a great earthquake. <P>SOLUTION: An evacuating tower 10 has a high elevation evacuation place 24 provided at a height higher than a predicted water level upon an occurrence of an emergency like the tsunami or the flood, and a climbing means 21 for climbing up to the evacuation place 24. The evacuating tower 10 includes a fixing means 4 for fixing the evacuating tower 10 to an installation base. The evacuating tower 10 comprises a plurality of struts 12 spaced apart and connected to one another. The evacuation place 24 is set up inside the inner space of the struts 12 so that the climbing means 21 leads to the evacuation place. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an evacuation device for emergency situations such as tsunamis and floods.

  It is well known that a tsunami (an emergency situation) has naturally occurred when a huge earthquake has occurred since ancient times, and this tsunami has swept away from the coastline and swallowed a large number of people and private houses, and it has been known that it has caused enormous damage. ing.

  However, until now, only large-scale embankments and floodgates have been built to deal with tsunamis, and no effective tsunami countermeasures have been taken.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is provided with an evacuation site at a height higher than an assumed water level at the time of an emergency such as a tsunami or a flood. And a means for fixing the evacuation tower to an installation base.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the evacuation tower according to the first aspect, wherein the evacuation tower is formed by connecting a plurality of columns which are separated from each other, and an evacuation site is provided so as to communicate with a climbing means. Is set.

  According to the evacuation apparatus for emergency situations such as tsunamis and floods of the present invention, it is possible to provide an evacuation apparatus for emergency situations such as tsunamis and floods that can function as an effective evacuation site at a relatively low cost.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. However, the plans individually described in the embodiments can be applied to other embodiments other than the embodiment including the plans. And
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes an installation base, and concrete and asphalt bases artificially constructed in a place facing the coast or in a vacant lot in an urban area; , And may be on the sandy beach or on the seabed off the coast. It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned installation target.

  The installation base 1 is provided with four embedding piles 4 each consisting of four main fixing means (one of fixing means) 3 having a flat receiving plate 2 having a plane shape of about 3 m square and a thickness in advance. ... is embedded and fixed. The main fixing means 3 may be any of concrete and metal with reinforcing steel. The embedded pile 4 extending from the bottom surface of the means 3 is provided with retaining protrusions 5. The main fixing means 3 has four receiving projections 6 on the upper surface, and the lower end flange 11 of the evacuation tower 10 is connected and fixed thereto by a fastener. It goes without saying that the material, number and shape of each member of the main fixing means 3 are not limited to those shown in the drawings. For example, the embedding pile 4 may be a single thick vertical pipe, a vertical plate, a four-sided frame, or the like. On the other hand, the embedded pile 4 may not be configured.

  The evacuation tower 10 is a four-post type consisting of four columns 12 having a round pipe having a diameter of about 200 mm as a base material, and horizontal connecting members 13 connecting the columns 12 in upper and lower stages to be integrated. The lower tower main body 14, the middle tower main body 15, and the upper tower main body 16 are composed of three structures, which are joined together vertically by a relay flange 17 in a tower structure. Each surface is reinforced with a brace 18. The distance between the centers of the columns 12 in FIG. 1 is about 2 m, and the distance from the ground to the inner evacuation site 24 on the top floor is about 9 m. Of course, it is not limited to this size.

  On the outer periphery of the evacuation tower 10, stairs 21 with handrails 20 for evacuees to climb safely can be provided from the lower tower main body 14 to the upper tower main body 16 in such a manner that the stairs 21 are sequentially attached to each surface of the tower 4. It is attached and fixed to. From the uppermost staircase 21, an outer edge evacuation site 22 is provided as a flat, U-shaped passage around the outer periphery of the upper tower main body 16.

  Inside the rectangular frame surrounded by the horizontal connecting members 13 of the evacuation tower 10, inner evacuation sites 24 are provided so as to extend over a plurality of upper and lower steps. Each of these evacuation sites 24 can be entered from the stairs 21 as climbing means. On the other hand, for example, for a person who evacuates to the inner evacuation site 24 on the top floor, the front side (the front side in FIG. 1) of the evacuation site 24 is open and dangerous, and the safety is ensured. Handrails 25 are provided like virtual lines, and handrails 25 for ensuring safety are provided on all four floors on other floors. However, it is assumed that the intrusion from the stairs 21 is not hindered. The handrail 25 may be a rope other than a pipe or rod made of metal or resin.

  The evacuation tower 10 thus formed falls down from all sides by a pulling wire 28 that is stretched between an anchor 27 with a retaining projection 26 that has been driven (or embedded) at a location away from the tower on the ground 1. They are assisted so that they do not become independent. Auxiliary wires 29 may be added as shown by the imaginary lines in FIG. The wires 28 and 29 are not essential.

  Also, at the top of the evacuation tower 10, for example, one pair of front and rear mounting surfaces 33 are provided via a receiving pipe 32 inserted into the support 12, and a solar panel 34 is completed via each frame 33. Good. The solar panel 34 can be used not only in an emergency but also in a normal time. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, an advertising board 35 may be attached through the front of the evacuation tower 10 or another surface.

In addition, as another aspect of the above-described embodiment, the lower portion of the evacuation tower 10 may be left as illustrated, and the upper portion may surround the outer periphery for further ensuring safety.
Further, the bottom plate portion of the inner evacuation site 24 or the outer edge evacuation site 22 may use punched metal, grating, or the like, and the inner evacuation site 24 is configured such that half of its surface can be evacuated and the rest is open. You may.
In addition, the evacuation shelters 22 and 24 collectively store food and emergency rescue supplies (rescue boats, life jackets, sleeping bags, emergency lights, ropes, crowbars, oxygen cylinders, emergency communication means, etc.) required in an emergency. You may make it keep always. This permanent location may use the upper space of the internal evacuation site 24.
In addition, the evacuation device includes a place confirmation unit for ensuring safe evacuation at night, for example, a constant light emitting unit (such as a night light or a fluorescent light emitting unit using the solar power), or a unit that emits a warning sound only extremely. May be equipped.
Further, in the above description, the staircase system was used, but a simple elevator system may be used, or a combination system of a staircase and a simple elevator may be used. Separately from the simple elevator, the rope may hang down via a pulley with a winch (or no winch) at the top of the tower, and a rescue packet may be provided at the lower end of the rope and raised.
Further, the evacuation site may be designed to be able to be expanded in size.

In addition, the evacuation tower 10 is configured by a plurality of round pipe-shaped columns 12, but may be formed by using an angle or another shape member, or may be configured by a single thick pipe. . In the case of using a thick pipe, a stair or a simple elevator may be provided through the outside or inside. It may be equipped inside and outside.
In the above embodiment, one tower is used, but a plurality of towers may be independently or interconnected. In this case, an evacuation site may be formed between the towers.
Further, the tower may be connected or connectable to an evacuation passage leading to a nearby building.
What has been described above can be similarly applied to the following embodiments.

  FIG. 4 (a front view as seen from the direction in which the tsunami strikes) and FIG. 5 show the evacuation tower 41 erected by the main fixing means or the like on the installation base 40, and the tower 41 has four vertical orientations. The pillars 42 have a three-stage structure of a lower tower main body 44, a middle tower main body 45, and an upper tower main body 46, which are integrally connected by horizontal connecting members 43 on the water surface. Reference numeral 47 denotes a relay flange for connecting the tower bodies 44, 445, and 46 to each other. The reason why the tower bodies 44, 45, and 46 are of a split ratio type is in consideration of convenience of transportation. .

A horizontally long receiving frame 50 is formed in the upper tower main body 46 so as to form a rectangle when viewed from above, and a step board 51 is fixed in the frame. The step board 51 has a lift opening. On the receiving frame 50, a handrail 52 is stretched around via a support post 42 and the like. A solar panel 53 is provided at the upper end of the tower. This tower is pulled and fixed by pulling wires 54.
55 is a brace.

In the evacuation tower 41, inner-turn stairs 56 are provided so as to reach the opening.
In addition, as shown by an imaginary line, a thick pipe shaped to disperse the tsunami to the left and right before the tsunami strikes the tower 41 so that energy does not directly hit the tower 41, as shown by the phantom line in FIG. Are provided upright. The member 58 and the tower 42 may be connected by a connecting member 59 so as to reinforce each other. The wave cutting member 58 may have a triangular cross section with one vertex directed toward the tsunami. Further, the same members 58 may be arranged left and right at a distance from each other, or may be arranged in a plurality of front and rear rows. The member 58 is made of metal, but may be made of wood or rubber.

Further, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 5, a simple lifter 60 that moves up and down along the back of the tower 42 may be provided so that the evacuees can be lifted by the hoist. In this case, a part of the handrail 52 is made openable and closable so that evacuees can enter through the opening. In addition, the lifter 60 may be configured so that the boom 61 can be freely inserted and removed to further enhance safety.
As shown by the phantom line in FIG. 4, on the front side of the tower 42, a mesh member 62 or a vertical or horizontal multi-row member for dividing a tsunami to attenuate energy may be provided at appropriate locations.
The above description of FIGS. 4 and 5 also applies to the contents described in the embodiments of FIGS.

FIG. 6 shows an evacuation shelter (free to dry clothes and cool down in the evening) 183 installed at a high place of a house 182, and supports 185 with anchors 184 on both sides of the house 182, and evacuates between these upper ends. 183 is mounted. This evacuation center 183 can be climbed through the outer stairs 186 from the ground or through the inner stairs 187 and the roof stairs 188. The shelter 183 may be provided with a storage 189 in which emergency goods can be stored. In addition, a stay 190 may be provided so as to protrude from the support 185 against the side of the second floor of the house 182. 191 indicates an emergency water level. The outer stairs may be provided on the post 185 itself.

  FIG. 7 is an example of an underground capsule 193 as an evacuation site when a tsunami occurs. It is free to use for entertainment other than evacuation. The capsule 193 is provided with two passages, a first evacuation route 194 and a second evacuation route 195, and the first evacuation route 194 is opened immediately after the tsunami occurs by opening the watertight lid 196 and descending the stairs 197. The second evacuation route 195 is mainly used for evacuation after the evacuation and the drainage of the water, and for evacuation and monitoring after evacuation when the water level increases after the tsunami. The second evacuation route 195 includes a lid 198 and a stair 199.

201 is a drainage pump, 202 is a drainage pipe, 203 is an outside air intake pipe, 204 is a valve, and is equipped with a guard frame 205 shown by a virtual line so that drifting trees and the like do not hit the evacuation routes 194 and 195. Is also good. In this case, an auxiliary guard network 206 may be attached. Needless to say, emergency food, water, communication means, bedding and the like are always provided in the capsule 193.

FIG. 8 (plan view) and FIG. 9 (longitudinal section) show a simple method for protecting important devices 209 and other items from tsunamis and floods. A ring-shaped receiving body 210 having a U-shaped cross section is fixedly installed on the ground 209 with an anchor 211, and is made watertight inside and outside by a caulking 212. A bellows type water guard 213 having a cylindrical or square tubular shape is provided from the inside of the receiving body 210 so as to be vertically expandable and contractable with a fixed base. The water guard 213 is vertically extended and contracted by a cylinder 214. 215 is a guide bar. Reference numeral 216 denotes an assumed water level. Extending 4 extends water guard 213 above water level 216 to protect device 209.

FIG. 10 shows a simplified water guard device. A frame 218 is provided with a driving means 219 with a drum and a sheave 220, and a rope 221 is hung from the driving means 219 on the sheave 220 to extend and contract at a lower end thereof. Is provided. The base of the water guard 222 is fixed in a watertight manner.

In FIG. 11 (semi-longitudinal sectional view of the device), a water guard casing 226 is fixedly installed on a base 224 via a watertight means 225, and important devices 227, documents, and the like are placed in the water guard casing 226. The casing 226 may be provided with a watertight viewing door 228. As shown in FIG. 12, the casing 226 may be provided with an exhaust pipe 229 with a fan, an air intake pipe 230, an air vent and temperature adjustment pipe 231 as necessary. FIG. 13 shows a case where the electric control panel 233 is to be protected from water on the side wall, and a protective cover 235 is fixed around the control panel 233 via a watertight means 234. The cover 235 is provided with a heat exhaust pipe 236 and a cord passage 237.

The embodiment of FIG. 14 relates to a tsunami evacuation tower that is vertically erected by embedding a single column 300 vertically in the ground 301. The support column 300 is made of a pipe such as a round or a square, and has a spiral staircase 302 integrated with the outer periphery thereof, and an evacuation base 303 fixed horizontally at the upper end. In the evacuation base 303, a through-hole leading to a stair is formed, and a handrail 304 is erected around the evacuation base. A vertical pipe may be provided around the stairs 302, but a spiral-shaped wave avoiding side member 305 is provided to avoid a tsunami in the figure. 306 is a top plate provided at the upper end of the support.

A reinforcing pipe 308 is wound around the base outer periphery of the support column 300, and a cushioning material 310 such as hard rubber provided in a receiving pipe 309 buried in the ground 301 is provided on the outer periphery thereof. It is supported by elasticity. The cushioning material 310 prevents the tower from collapsing due to an earthquake that occurs before the tsunami.

Also, a buffer pad (hollow rubber, foam resin material, or the like) 311 such as a virtual line may be attached to the side of the wave avoiding side member 305 facing the tsunami traveling direction X to protect it, or the stairs may be used. In addition, a buffer means such as a sponge may be wound around each of the outer peripheries of a large number of handrails that are vertically arranged to prevent falling.

Further, the evacuation site on the evacuation base 303 broadcasts or transmits actual information on earthquakes and tsunamis (including information for detecting the arrival of a tsunami by laser projection (reflection or non-reflection type) based on fluctuations in wave height). In some cases, a means for notifying the surroundings by means of a notice or the like and an observation / notification unit for observing general weather information such as rainfall and humidity may be installed.

Further, as shown in the left column outside the figure, the handrail 312 is formed in an angle shape, and its groove is formed so that a half circumference in the direction X in which the tsunami comes first is opposed to the groove, and a half circumference in the second half for the remaining return. On the other hand, it is arranged so that the groove faces in a direction facing the groove. This reduces the damage caused by the tsunami climbing the ditch. In particular, when the handrail 312 is made of rubber or foam, the upper end side is warped backward from the base, so that the waves can easily escape upward.

Further, although the spiral staircase 302 extends over the entire length in the vertical direction in the figure, a portion that is not affected by the tsunami in the upper portion is formed in a spiral shape like a virtual line, and the lower portion can be climbed from the rear side in the X direction. It may be an oblique straight staircase 313. In this case, evacuees using the diagonal straight stairs 313 can evacuate without being affected by the tsunami.

Reference numeral 314 denotes a pulling wire. An auxiliary anchor 316 is separately provided for the main anchor 315 of the wire 314, and the two are combined with a connecting tool 317 to prevent the wire 314 from coming off. Based on such a concept, the column 300 may be combined with an oblique auxiliary column. A wave cutting member 318 having a spherical shape like an imaginary line may be arranged around the wire 314. In this case, the member 318 is preferably elastic.

Further, as shown by a virtual line in the figure, a wave avoiding member 319 may be installed at a position in front of the tower so that the tsunami does not directly and strongly hit a tower structural member such as a column. The member 319 is V-shaped or U-shaped when viewed from above, and has a convex side facing forward so as to cut a tsunami, and is gradually tapered upward to guide the tsunami upward while opening the tsunami.
The member 319 may be made of metal, but is preferably elastic. It may be a metal or a material with a cushioning material on the front surface. The rear surface of the member 319 may be concave to have a standby space. Further, such members 319 may be arranged side by side and apart from each other, or may be arranged in a staggered manner when viewed from above. Further, the entirety of the stairs 302 (only the lower half portion may be provided) may be provided with a cylindrical guard made of punching metal. Further, the guard can be provided with a certain gap around the outer periphery of the wave breaking side member 305, and water penetrates the surface of the side member 305 from the gap.

The embodiment of FIG. 15 relates to an anti-seismic structure of a column 321, in which a base column 323 is buried under a column 321 via a rubber pad 322, and a plurality of bolts are formed from an upper seat plate 324 of the column 321. 325 are projected, and these bolts 325 are passed through holes of the rubber pad 322 and the column 321 and are connected and fixed by a nut 327 via a spring 326 so as to have a buffering action. Each of the columns 321 and 323 is appropriately provided with a reinforcing rib.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 which is a sectional view taken along the line LL, the rib-supported column 329 is supported by the rubber pad 331 under the flange 330, and the flange 330 is elastically fixed by a pair of pressing plates 332. For elastic fixation, a rubber plate 333 is interposed between the flange 330 and the holding plate 332, and both end holes of the holding plate 332 are passed through bolts 334 embedded in the ground, and further through a spring 335. And tightened from above with a nut 336.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 relates to a two-post type evacuation tower, on the assumption that a tsunami rushes from the left side of the drawing, and the posts 338 are arranged so as to be in front and behind in the direction of the tsunami flow. It is erected and buried in the ground. The strut 338 may extend upward with a single pipe, but in this example, it is connected separately from the top and bottom for protection in the event of an earthquake or tsunami, and a buffer 339 is interposed therebetween. It is. This buffer means may be further upper as shown by the phantom line in FIG.

An evacuation site 340 with handrails is formed at the upper end of the tower, and a top plate 341 is provided thereon. 342 is a lower diagonal staircase, 343 is an intermediate diagonal staircase, 344 is an upper diagonal staircase, and the lower diagonal staircase 342 is installed so that its bottom plate 345 faces in the direction of the tsunami. The lower diagonal staircase 342 is fixed to the ground by an anchor 346 and is also connected to and integrated with two columns 338. The lower diagonal stairs 342 may be arranged in two rows in a symmetric arrangement with the support 338 in FIG. The strut 338 may be provided with a pull wire. A cover for avoiding a tsunami may be provided along the lower diagonal stairs 342 and the middle diagonal stairs 343.

In addition, in order to eliminate the direct influence on the tower, the wave avoiding member 348, which is a V-shape combined with a half-cylinder viewed from above, is arranged in a plurality of stages with the groove facing forward, and these are fixed to the ground. However, here, it is received and fixed to the column 338 via a stay 349. The stay 349 may be an elastic member such as rubber, or an elastic member may be interposed between the ring 350 around the column 338 and the column 338. The tsunami arrives as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 18 and acts so as to be cut open along the front grooves of these wave avoiding members 348. As shown in FIG. 18, an electric winch 352 that can be switched to manual operation is installed on the top plate 341, and is moved up and down along a vertical guide rail 353 provided so as to pass through the evacuation site 340 from the ground. A simple gondola 354 is provided so that the gondola 354 can be moved up and down by a wire rope 355 wound around the drum of the winch 352. This allows evacuees from below to climb through holes that open into the base of the evacuation site. The elevating device is provided together with the stair device or independently. Further, the guide rail 353 is provided along the column 338 as shown by another imaginary line. You may.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 relates to an evacuation tower having three columns 358. As shown in FIG. 20, the direction of this tower is arranged such that one of the three towers faces the side where the tsunami X is coming in, but is not limited thereto. May be arranged in front of the side where the tsunami X is coming in, or may be arranged in an intermediate direction other than that.

The strut 358 has a two-stage structure in which the lower strut a has a large diameter and the upper strut b has a slightly smaller diameter. The lower support a has a lower flange 359 at the lower end and an upper flange 360 at the upper end, and a receiving flange 361 at two intermediate pipes. Although the lower flange 359 is anchored to the ground 362 made of concrete, it may be embedded and fixed in the ground as in the above embodiment. The lower beams 363 are connected and fixed via the receiving flanges 361, and these lower beams 363 are arranged so as to form an equilateral triangle and form a triangular open space therein when viewed from above. Each inner corner of the equilateral triangle is provided with a step (not shown) when an evacuee from the detachable staircase 364 transfers to the next staircase 364. 365 is an auxiliary handrail and 366 is a brace.

Similarly, the upper support b is provided with a lower flange 368 which is detachably connected to the upper flange 360 with a fastening tool, is provided with an upper flange 369 at the upper end, and is provided with a receiving flange 370 in the middle. The upper beam 371 is connected and fixed via the receiving flange 370 to form a triangle. The upper end beam 372 forms a deformable triangle as shown in FIG. 38, and an evacuation site is formed by extending an evacuation base 373 in the plane so as to form a blow-by space. Reference numeral 374 denotes a detachable upper handrail, to which a brace 375 is appropriately stretched. Some of these braces 375 are stretched between the upper support b and the lower support a to pull and connect them. Then, a stair 364 is hung on the inner edge of the triangular opening of the evacuation base 373 so that the evacuation site can be climbed. 376 is an electric (possibly switchable to manual) winch, which is used together with the stairs 364 or alone to lift evacuees. The winch 376 is provided on a ceiling frame 377 provided on the upper support b. A solar panel 378 may be set on the frame 377.

As shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 20, the evacuation tower may be staggered at the front position of the tower so that the tsunami X does not directly hit the evacuation tower, and the sheet piles 379. The sheet piles 379 may be vertical, but in a rearwardly-reared position as shown in the figure.
If it is fixed, the waves will not only split right and left, but will also be dispersed with upward components. The sheet pile 379 has the convex side facing forward, but may have the opposite direction. A bulging elastic cushioning material may be attached to the center of the front surface of the sheet pile 379 in the vertical direction. There is also. The sheet piles 379 are mainly arranged in front of the tower, but may be appropriately arranged on the route so that the refugees heading to the stairs 364 can safely reach the eaves. If the ground 362 is made of earth and sand, there is a possibility that the ground 362 will be scraped off by the tsunami, so these coagulants may be added. 21 is a connecting point of the beams 363, 371 and 372, and these are detachably connected to each other with a fastener by a connecting plate (not shown). A buffer boot 380 made of rubber, resin, or the like can be mounted around the lower support column a. The boot 380 may be attached around the rear support column a other than the front support column a. Boot 380 is equally applicable to other embodiments.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 22 (plan view), a supporting column 383 is set upright in front of the tower and in other places, and a front surface of the supporting column 383 is provided to avoid elastic swelling waves such as rubber which is attached obliquely vertically. The material 384 is attached to prevent the tsunami from directly hitting the tower or evacuees. The wave avoiding member 384 is detachably attached to the receiving support column 383 with fastening members on the flanges 385 on both sides thereof. The wave avoiding member 384 may be formed in a hollow shape, or an opening 386 may be formed on the front surface to drain water upward.

The embodiment of FIG. 23 relates to a four-post (one, two, or three other post type) evacuation tower, in which the post 389 is erected by embedding or the like. An evacuation relay site 393 is formed at the high position by the connecting member 390, the evacuation base 391, and the handrail 392, and an evacuation site 395 is formed above the evacuation relay site 393 so as to be climbable by the stairs 394. A protective ladder 396 made of a lattice-shaped wire rope (a resin rope or a link chain may be used) having a size such that evacuees do not fall out from the four outer edges of the evacuation relay station 395. Is provided diagonally downward, and the lower end is fixed to the ground by the main anchor 397. The main anchor 397 can be reinforced and fixed by the auxiliary anchor 398 and its coupling tool 399. The protective ladder 396 allows an evacuee to limb and climb one after another, and also has a function of cutting down a tsunami and weakening power. Note that the protective ladder 396 may be additionally provided with an auxiliary ladder 400 spaced apart inward, and a plurality of ladders may be provided on the side where the tsunami rushes. Further, the inner ladder 401 may be arranged in the tower. Further, when the ladder 396 is connected to the tower at the upper end thereof through an elastic material 402 such as a spring or rubber, the ladder 396 safely protects the tower in the event of an earthquake or tsunami. The stairs 394 may also be of a ladder type. On the other hand, stairs that can climb from the ground may be provided in the tower. In addition, ladders should be provided with protruding pieces (resting places) to stop the evacuees in case they fall, or to have auxiliary straps that wrap around the body and prevent them from being washed away by the tsunami. You may have it.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 24 (cross-sectional plan view) is a device that is provided in front of an evacuation tower as a pre-tsunami control facility for tsunamis, and 445 is its support pillar, and its outer periphery is 445. Is constructed by arranging cushioning materials 446 such as rubber tubes and foamed resin, and arranging them vertically or vertically with respect to a tsunami.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 is also a pre-tsunami control facility, in which 448 is a rear-falling support column. Around the support column 448, multi-stage waste tires 449. Have been deployed. The reason for the fall was to divert the tsunami not only to the left and right but also to the top. Reference numeral 450 denotes a holding plate, which is stopped by inserting a stop shaft 451 into a column 448 having many through holes. The receiving support 448 may be further inclined at an angle like an imaginary line, and a link chain 452 as shown in the right column may be used instead of the support 448. Such pre-tsunami control equipment may be arranged in plural (including many) staggered arrangements.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 27, waste tires of various sizes are stacked and mounted on the receiving support 454. 455 is a small tire, 456 is a medium tire, and 457 is a large tire. A large rear inclination can be obtained only by making the receiving column 454 vertical or slightly inclined. Needless to say, these can be placed behind the tower.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, unit-type room components 460 are stacked in an internal space of an evacuation tower in which four types of pillars 459. The room constituting body 460 is prevented from coming out to the outside by the cushioning material 461 provided around the column 459. The columns 459 may be connected in a plug-in manner in each of upper and lower stages. This plug-in type is illustrated for the evacuation site 462. This makes transportation and assembly more efficient.

The room components 460 are stacked and can be evacuated to the upper floor as indicated by an arrow, not only in daily life but also when a tsunami arrives. For this purpose, a cover that can be opened and closed and stairs 463 facing the cover are provided at the bottom and the top.
As another configuration, a garage space protected by the cushioning material 461 can be formed at the lowest stage. In this case, the room component 460 may not be configured. At the bottom, a water holding tank can be provided to supply water to the evacuees to the evacuation site 462 as shown by the arrow, and the stability of the tower can be improved by connection to the support 459 or weight load. It is optional to use the room constituent member 460 for a residence, a karaoke room, a study room, an office, a warehouse, or the like. The outer surface of the structure 460 can be separately provided with a buffer means for more complete protection. The direction of the evacuation tower may be any direction with respect to the direction X of the tsunami as shown in FIG. Water purification rock or the like may be placed inside or outside the water tank to make it heavier.

Of course, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 30, there may be a type having a triangular room structure 466 in the internal space of the three pillars 465. In this case, the room constituent member 466 can be pivotally supported on the column 465 so that the direction can be changed when a tsunami from the direction of the arrow comes. The room structure 466 may be a polygon such as a square.

In the embodiment of FIG. 31, the upper corner of the room structure 468 is supported by the horizontal axis 469, so that the structure 468 can be protected while rising by the force of the tsunami and avoiding the tsunami. Component 468 may escape about a vertical axis.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, the embedded column 471 is formed as a single thick pipe, and the column 472 on the embedded column 471 is connected with a seat plate 473 as a plurality of thin pipes. The support 471 may be stabilized by putting concrete, earth and sand, water, or the like. Note that the embedded support 471 may be slightly elevated on land. Conversely, the pillar 472 may be buried at one lower end thereof.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 34, a plurality of concrete electric poles (and piles for foundation work) 475 are erected and separated from each other by a connecting member 476.

In the embodiment of FIG. 35, a tent 479 that can be deployed and closed in the circumferential direction is provided on the roof of an evacuation site 478 so that it can be used in an emergency or the like.

In the embodiment of FIG. 36, a pre-tsunami control facility is configured using a front support of an evacuation tower having three types of other support 481, and an auxiliary support 482 may be embedded and fixed in the ground. However, here it is possible to move back and forth. A buffer means 483 such as rubber or a spring is interposed between the auxiliary support 482 and the front support 481, and a V-shaped elastically deformable material 484 is disposed between the two supports 481 and 482 so as to face each other. is there. When the tsunami comes, the waves are diverted by the elastically deformable material 484 as shown by the arrow. At this time, the buffer means 483 works to buffer. Such shock absorbers may be provided on other columns 481 as well. The device also works for return flows from the rear.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 37, an evacuation tower 487 having a short support on the back side is installed on the slope of a mountain or a hill 486 by using its inclined surface. The solid line is of the vertical standing type, and the virtual line is of the backward falling type 488. In the case of the rear-fall type 488, the stairs 490 are configured by utilizing the fact that the columns 489 are oblique. The lifting device may be configured by using the support 489 as a guide rail. A guard may be provided in front of the stairs 490.

In the embodiment of FIG. 38, one or two columns 492 are used, and an evacuation site is formed at the upper end thereof. In particular, a stair 493 for ascending to the evacuation site is provided with a connecting member 494. It is connected to and integrated with the support column 492. Note that the stairs 493 may be a pair of left and right. As shown in the right column, a guide rail 495 is attached to the rear side of the column 492, and a gondola 496 that can be moved up and down by rollers can be configured to be able to move up and down manually or electrically from an evacuation site. In this case, the gondola 496 is protected by the struts 492, but may be provided with a spreading plate 497 for further protection.

  In addition, a high-pressure air and / or water blowing device is permanently installed in the sea such as the seabed, and the air and / or water stored in the device or the air and / or water sent to the device is discharged. The forward energy of the tsunami can be attenuated by forcibly injecting upward in synchronization with the arrival timing of the tsunami. In this case, a high-pressure device, which is a stage before the blowing device, is installed at a position in the sea where the tsunami passes, and the air and / or water are pressurized with the arrival of the tsunami so as to be linked to the injection. It can also be configured.
  As another embodiment for attenuating the tsunami, a plurality (including a large number) of styrofoam spheres having a tendency to float, for example, having a large diameter, may be launched and floated from a storage portion (underwater). In this case, a metal ball, a resin ball, or the like can be used, and if it floats, the inside may be filled with water. Those that levitate can also be chained together. In addition to a sphere, a hexahedron or a tetrapot may be used.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 39 and 40, three columns 501 arranged corresponding to the vertices of an equilateral triangle are connected and integrated (or may be detachable) by a plurality of upper and lower horizontal connecting members 502, and evacuated to an upper portion thereof. In the one provided with the part 503 as an underground type or a ground-mounted fixed type, in particular, a top 504 is further installed above the evacuation part 503, and a pole 505 is erected from the center thereof. A wind power generator is configured by equipping a pole 505 with a power generation body 506 and a horizontal axis rotor 507.

The elevating means for elevating to the evacuation section 503 comprises an elevator guide 508, which is a simple elevator type and has a rectangular cross section extending from the lower end to the upper side of the evacuation section 503 at the center of the three columns 501, and an elevator body 509 ascending and descending inside thereof. Prepare. The elevator guide 508 has an entrance 510 at a lower end and an upper end. The entrance 510 is opened / closed by a control panel (not shown), and each entrance 510 is opened on the back side where the tsunami does not directly hit. The elevator body 509 has an opening / closing doorway on the back side of itself, and its power can use power stored in the wind power generator 511 and can be switched to a manual winch. On the other hand, the simple elevator may be a stair system as described above, or may be a stair and an elevator system.

At the upper end of the elevator guide 508, an ascending / descending stair 512 to the top 504 is provided to enable maintenance of the wind power generation device 511 and to make the top 504 non- It is always available as an evacuation unit.

Reference numeral 513 in FIG. 40 denotes a communication port, which is an entrance from the elevating stairs 512 to the top 504.
In addition to the above-described embodiment, the wind power generator 511 may be capable of adjusting the direction or changing the pitch. Further, as shown by a virtual line in FIG. 40, the wind power generator 511 may be installed by using one of the columns 501 and using it as a pole. In this case, the body may be directed forward or backward. A plurality of wind power generators 511 may be provided using another support. In addition, the evacuation tower with the wind power generator can be equipped with a solar panel at an appropriate place. For example, the top part 504, the support 501, and the like. The columns 501 may be of two or four types. Further, the tower may be pulled and fixed with a wire rope or the like.

In the embodiment of FIG. 41, the elevator guide 515 has a triangular cross section, and the elevator body 516 has a triangular shape as well. The doors of the elevator body 516 and the elevator guide 515 are provided with a door 517, but the opening and closing direction may be the vertical direction other than the horizontal direction shown in the figure. This can be similarly applied to the other embodiments in FIG.

In the embodiment of FIG. 42, the elevator guide 519 and the elevator body 520 are both cylindrical.

In the embodiment of FIG. 43, an evacuation section 523 and a simple elevator 524 are provided on three pillars 522, and a wind power generator 526 is provided on a top 525, and the wind power generator 526 is a vertical axis type sirocco type. It was made.

The embodiment of FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view of a tower, in which a tsunami is diverted to the right and left due to structural characteristics of the tower itself. That is, one of the three supports 528 is arranged in the direction in which the tsunami arrives, and the receiving plate 529 is connected in a closed state between the same support 528 and the other support 528, particularly corresponding to the lower part of the tower. . The receiving plate 529 has an outward convex shape and functions so that the S flow cuts off the V flow, but may have an inverted concave shape or a flat shape. Further, the receiving plate 529 may have a curved shape. In that case, the curved convex surface is directed outward or inward.

Note that the column 528 may be square as shown in the figure. In addition, a solar panel 530 may be attached to a portion of the receiving plate 529 corresponding to a high portion of the tower. Further, an elevator 532 may be provided so as to be raised and lowered while being hidden by the inner space side of the receiving plate 529 by the columns 528 and the guide rails 531 like a virtual line.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 45, the support 533 is made of a single The strut 533 is fixedly erected by a plurality of embedded pipes 534 and is pulled by a wire rope 535 so as not to fall down. Further, an evacuation part 536 is provided at the upper end of the strut 533 and the evacuation part 536 is climbed. It is equipped with an elevator body 537 utilizing the inside of a support 533 as a means. The number of the elevator main body 537 is one or two as shown. A wind power generator 538 is installed on the evacuation section 536, and the number of the installed wind power generation apparatuses 538 can be plural by increasing the size of the evacuation section 536. The column 533 may be formed in a square on the right side of the figure, or may be formed in a V or angle shape.

The embodiment of FIG. 46 shows a state in which the elevator main body 537 is provided inside the column 533 of FIG. 65 in a cross section, and a back support portion 539 is provided on the back thereof as shown by a virtual line and a right column. It may be equipped integrally. Elevating means such as an elevator and a stair may be provided inside the back support portion 539 so as to enter and exit from the entrance at the lower end of the rear surface where the tsunami does not hit.

Note that the TV tower and the wireless tower may also be used as a tsunami tower, or a chimney, a lighthouse and the like may be used as a tsunami tower. In this case, there is a case where a wind power generator is provided and a case where it is not.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 47 is a single-post type evacuation tower that can be installed as a simple type in a garden of a single-family house or in a nearby park (a product name such as a Tuscal tower or a security tower), and 800 is a post. Are formed in a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape, and steps 801 are provided in a staggered arrangement at opposite outer circumferential positions of the support column 800, and are stood and fixed on the ground via buffer means 802 below the steps 801. .

An evacuation site 803 is provided above the support column 800 as a handrail, and an opening at the bottom of the evacuation site 803 serves as a climbing port 804. 805 is a zenith cover.
A storage unit 807 is provided at the bottom of the evacuation site 803, and the storage unit 807 takes out internal storage items, for example, emergency foods, tools, and communication equipment by opening the evacuation road surface plate. be able to. Of course, such a storage portion can be provided on the inner or outer periphery of the handrail, or the storage portion itself can be used as a handrail. Alternatively, the evacuation site may be eccentrically arranged in one direction, as in a virtual line, to make it easier to climb from the upper end of step 801. Further, the evacuation sites may be arranged in a pair on the left and right or front and back with reference to the support 800, and may be climbed from between the pair.
Alternatively, a bracket 808 may be protruded around the support column 800 to make the upper surface thereof a step 801 and the oblique support member 810 whose lower end is fixed to the anchor support column 809 via both brackets 808 may be connected and fixed. If the bracket 808, the anchor support 809, and the oblique support member 810 are connected by an angle member, a square pipe, or the like, the strength is increased. 811 is a pulling wire, a support 800 And is firmly fixed by a combination of a main anchor 812 and an auxiliary anchor 813, for example. One of the wires 811 may be connected to, for example, a stay 814 protruding from the step 801.
The evacuation site 803 may be provided in several stages up and down.
Further, as shown in the right column of FIG. 47, the steps 801 of the columns 800 may be connected by auxiliary columns 815 extending vertically. The auxiliary strut 815 may have its lower end embedded or fixed on the ground, so that the strut 800 can be reinforced and the foot does not come off from the step 801. A buffer may be wound around the auxiliary support 815. Further, the buffer means may be wound around the support 800.

FIGS. 48 and 49 show a simple evacuation tower having a pair of columns 818, such as two front and two or two right and left, based on the direction of arrival of a tsunami, with a step 819 connected between them. , The lower step 819 is embedded to make it difficult to come out, and is fixed upright, but is not limited to this. A storage section 821 is formed below the upper evacuation site 820, and the stored items can be taken out by opening the upper lid 822 thereof. Reference numeral 823 denotes a climbing opening, which can be climbed by opening a handrail 824 for preventing fall. Reference numeral 825 denotes a buffering means, and 826 denotes a zenith cover. A pulling wire 829 is provided between a stay 827 protruding from the upper end of the column 818 and an anchor 828 at the lower end, and an oblique support member protruding from the lower portion of the column 818. A lower end plate 831 of 830 is fixed with an anchor 832, and a pulling wire 833 is provided between the anchor 832 and the support 818. The storage portion 821 may be provided on the outer periphery of the evacuation site 820 as shown by a virtual line. Further, the zenith cover 826 itself may be the storage section.

In the example shown in the right column of FIG. 49, the evacuation tower having three columns 835 is viewed from the front and above where the tsunami arrives. This device is such that a pair of ladders are integrated into a V shape, and a tsunami elimination member 836 having a semicircular cylindrical shape with a convex side on the front side as shown by an imaginary line is provided on the front surface thereof. May be provided so as not to disturb the user. The tsunami blocking member 836 has a V-shape when viewed from above, and has a basic shape in which a tsunami can easily escape. The tsunami blocking member 836 may be provided with a buffer member on the front surface or may be a buffer member itself. Also, a step 837 may be provided on the rear side, and in this case, the tsunami is separated by the tsunami repellent material on the front side, so that it is possible to safely climb and evacuate using the rear step 837. Stairs can be provided or a simple elevator can be provided by utilizing the internal space of such an evacuation device.
The number of columns 835 may be four or more. Moreover, one evacuation device may be configured by connecting a plurality of columns such as a ladder to each other as a unit.

50 and 51 have an embedded post portion 873 and a fixed post portion 874. A piston having a stable support plate 875 between the pillar portions 873 and 874 is erected so as to be embedded in front and rear with respect to the direction X of arrival of the tsunami, and each fixed pillar portion 874 is built as a cylinder. The evacuation portion 877 is mounted between the pair of upper ends of the rods 876 so as to freely move up and down from the upper end, and the bottom of the evacuation portion 877 is attached to each of the fixed column portions 874 as the cylinders. A guide support cylinder 878 that is guided by a roller so as to be able to move up and down freely is provided. The evacuation section 877 has an opening at the bottom.

879 is a lower fixed staircase, and 880 is an ascending / descending staircase which is an upper portion. The fixed staircase 879 can be climbed from I and II to I → II → I → II. It is fixed. These fixed stairs 879 are arranged eccentric to one side with respect to the center of the fixed column portion 874 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, the ascending and descending stairs 880 are eccentric to the other of the centers of the fixed support portions 874 and are fixed between the guide support tubes 878 so as to move up and down together with the support tubes 878. It is something that can be climbed.

Normally, the rod 876 is contracted and the evacuation section 877 is low, so that it does not become a feeling of oppression or obstruction. On the other hand, when the arrival of a tsunami is detected, the rod 876 is automatically extended in response. After a certain time, the evacuation section 877 becomes high. The ascending and descending stairs 880 rise from the lower position along the fixed stairs 879 together with the guide support tube 878 from a low position as shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 50, and the landing at the lower III portion of the ascending and descending stairs 880 becomes the landing at the upper II portion of the fixed stairs 879. Become flush next to. As a result, it is possible to climb for evacuation as indicated by a broken arrow.

It should be noted that the above I and III can be arranged at positions corresponding to up and down, and II and IV can be arranged at positions corresponding to up and down so that they can be folded and unfolded all around the rotation fulcrum 883 in FIG. As a method that adopts such a folding / unfolding method, there is one shown in the right column of FIG. This is composed of a fixed, ascending and descending upper staircase 885 that hangs obliquely from the evacuation section 877 and a lower stairway 887 that interlocks with the upper stairway 885 via a rotating fulcrum 886, and the evacuation section 877 is lowered. At this time, the lower stairs 887 are on the ground, but when the evacuation section 877 rises, the lower stairs 887 are lifted by the upper stairs 885 to form a continuous stair. Reference numeral 888 denotes an auxiliary staircase, which may allow the user to directly ride on the upper staircase 885. In the state of the imaginary line, the evacuation unit 877 can be climbed from the upper staircase 885 and even after the evacuation unit 877 has risen. It is also possible to climb from the upper stairs 885 to the evacuation section 877 along the lower stairs 887. Similarly to this, the ascending and descending stairs 880 indicated by the imaginary line in the left main drawing of FIG. 50 can also be made to be able to get on from the ground. Further, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 50 and the phantom line in FIG. 51, a cushion material 889 is provided on the inner periphery of the evacuation section 877 to protect the evacuees from impacts and the like.

FIGS. 52 and 53 show an embodiment in which the evacuation unit 892 is lifted up and automatically evacuated according to the arrival of a tsunami. In this evacuation device, a pair of columns 893 are erected and fixed by embedding or the like, and the upper and lower ends of the columns 893 are connected by a connecting member 894. An evacuation section 892 can be moved up and down on these columns 893 via rollers 895. The interior of the evacuation section 892 forms a safety space and generates buoyancy. On the evacuation section 892, a building 896 which is also a house or a meeting place is provided, while a buffer means 897 is provided on the bottom surface. The evacuation section 892 is provided with a watertight door 898 and an auxiliary staircase 899 that can reach the opening thereof. The evacuation unit 892 may be climbed by stairs without attaching the door 898. Therefore, as shown by the solid line, when the evacuation section 892 is on the ground, the evacuation procedure is such that the user climbs the auxiliary stairs 899, opens the door 898, enters inside, and climbs the upper surface as necessary. Then, when the tsunami arrives, it rises like a virtual line due to buoyancy and is saved. In addition, if a valuables safe which can be locked and is provided with an alarm or a security guard is provided in the evacuation unit 892 in some cases, evacuation can be performed quickly and safely. Further, the evacuation unit 892 is formed in a bow shape as shown in the plan view of FIG. 52 to separate the tsunami. Further, a plurality of pre-guard columns 900 may be provided on the ground so as to correspond to the bow to protect them from a tsunami or a tsunami. In this case, a buffer means 901 may be provided around the column 900. Further, in the above description, the ground-mounted type is described, but a river or sea-based type may be used. In these cases, the evacuation section 892 is constantly floating on the water surface, and further rises due to the tsunami. The guards 900 may be connected to each other by a.

FIG. 54 is an additional example that further secures the mooring of the ship 904. Most of the mooring methods used up to now have been destroyed by the impact of the tsunami. In this example, the bow and the stern of the ship 904 are held from below. A pulling sling 907 is provided so as to be simultaneously wound around the sling 905, and the boat 904 is strongly tightened by the fastener 908. A mooring rope 909 is wound around these proper places to realize a strong mooring.

55 and 56 show a structure in which a building 912 such as a nursing home or a meeting place in a town is located at a high place that is safe against a tsunami, and is provided with more safe measures. The building 912 is a strong one having a bottom frame 913. A bottom plate 914 is attached to the front and rear of the frame 913, and the lower part of a support 915 standing up and down is seismically isolated structure unit 916 and It is supported by a buffer means 917, and the seismic isolation structure unit 916 at the upper end of the column 915 is connected and fixed to the bottom plate 914. The stairs 918 are also provided with buffer means 919 in appropriate places.

An elevator 920 may be provided in the column 915 in addition to or in addition to the stairs method. In this case, in addition to the type of climbing to the building 912 at a stretch, it is also possible to use the stairs 921 to climb from the safe height after climbing to the intermediate height by the elevator 920 like a virtual line. Further, a mesh ladder 922 made of a rope like the mesh in the right figure is pulled between the ground and the support 915 so that the support 915 serves as a reinforcement for the support 915 and also functions as a climbing means at the time of evacuation. Good. In this case, it may be possible to move from the ladder 922 to the stairs 921. Further, 923 is a protective pole, 924 is a buffer, and a buffer 925 may be provided around the column 915. Further, three or four columns 915 can be provided, and the evacuation device can be installed at sea. Further, as shown in the right column of FIG. 56, the front support 915 and the rear support 915 are connected by a side plate 926 to form an internal safety space 927, and climbing means such as stairs and elevators are formed in the space. You may. The rear strut 915 'can be made larger in diameter than the previous one and connected by the side plate 926 so that it can be spread even when a tsunami arrives. It is a matter of course that various types of pillars 915 and 915 ′ can be used such as a square pipe and a channel.

FIG. 57 shows an outer pipe (or tube) 931... Made of rubber, resin, metal, or the like arranged around a column 930, and the outer pipes (or tubes) 931 are combined with a fastener 932 to serve as buffer means. As shown in the right column, other geometric shapes such as an ellipse and an oval may be used instead of the round pipe.

FIG. 58 shows a combination of a thick main support 934 and a slightly narrower front support 935, and one or both of them are fixed so that the tsunami flows so as to spread. In this case, the seat 939 is circulated up and down by the sprocket 938 disposed between the two columns 934 and 935 so that the chain 936 when ascending and the chain 937 when descending pass through the main column 934. It may be. The evacuated person rides on the seat 939 through the lower opening of the main column 934 as shown by the arrow R. As shown in the right column, the front support 935 may be separated from the main body support 934. The front strut 935 may be plural.

FIG. 59 shows that a concave member 942 is provided above the evacuation portion 941 installed at a high level as a tsunami countermeasure, and a sphere 943 that hits the concave material 942 from below is provided between the support 944 and the evacuation portion 941 as a spherical support. It was done. A buffer 946 may be interposed between the inner cylinder 945 and the support 944. The sphere 943 may be integral with or separate from the column 944.

In addition, as an additional proposal example, it is usual to lose photos and videos of memories when encountering an unexpected situation such as tsunami, earthquake, flood, fire, etc. For example, the valuables of Mr. A in Kochi Prefecture are registered and stored by computer processing at pre-registration stations set up in two or three places in Okayama Prefecture (cash is tied up with a bank for storage), and a certain amount is stored. We propose here a proposal to pay a registration fee to ensure that valuables can be kept safe even if an unexpected event occurs.

  The embodiment of FIG. 60 relates to a simple evacuation device that can be installed in any place such as a mountain skirt, a coastline, a riverside, a garden or a park of a general household, a school, a school road, and the illustrated example shows a basic principle. Details such as scale and direction can be changed in any way.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1093 denotes a pair of left and right embedded pillars having a zigzag step 1094, a ladder stair, and the like. An upper wire 1095 is pulled between the upper ends of the pillars 1093, and each of the pillars 1093 is moved forward and backward. Is secured by an anchor 1097. Each of the pillars 1093 is provided with a wire stay 1098 extending forward and backward, and an upper connecting wire (or a pipe) 1099 is stretched between the left and right so as to form a pair in the front and rear.

The wire stay 1098 and the upper connecting wire 1099 form a flat rectangular frame, and an outer handrail 1100 is stretched around its outer periphery for safety. Reference numeral 1101 denotes an auxiliary suspension wire which suspends the flat rectangular frame. An evacuation net 1102 is stretched in the plane of the plane rectangular frame, and an opening 1103... And an inner handrail 1104 around it are provided at appropriate places in the net 1102.

Reference numeral 1105 denotes a subbing wire which connects the lower ends of the columns 1093 to each other. In this manner, a vertically moving guide 1106 composed of a plurality of parallel left and right racks (wires or the like) is stably provided between the upper wire 1095 and the lower wire 1105 so as to pass through the opening 1103. ing. Each guide 1106 includes a pedal-turned safety cabin type elevator 1107 (left end), a simplified elevator 1108 (two out of four), a hand-operated elevator 1109 in a standing posture, and the like. It is provided so as to be able to ascend at a slow speed.

These elevators 1107 are locked when they reach the inside of each passage 1103, at which point the door of the inner handrail 1104 can be opened and evacuated to the evacuation net 1102, and then the lock is released. ., Each elevator 1107... After the tsunami has subsided, the vehicle may descend using the staggered step 1094, or may descend using a shock absorber 1107... Or a ladder or a slide chute (not shown) provided on the net.

In the above embodiment, the evacuated person is configured to be able to evacuate one after another on the evacuation net 1102. However, a simple device may be used without the net 1102 so that the elevators 1107... Further, to be effective for home use, a single support may be provided upright, and the simple elevator may be moved up and down using the support as a guide or along a guide parallel to the support.

  FIGS. 61 and 62 relate to a simple evacuation device that can be installed in any place such as a mountain skirt, a coastline, a river bank, a garden or a park of a general home, a school, a school road, and in particular, follow-up with rising water levels due to the arrival of a tsunami. Is to rise. Of course, a positive ascending drive means as in the above embodiment may be combined. In this case, the evacuation device may be configured to move the rotating blades in conjunction with the flow energy of the tsunami and raise the same in conjunction therewith.

  In these figures, reference numeral 1111 denotes a pair of right and left columns, and the column 1111 is provided with an evacuation capsule 1113 which can be loaded by one or more persons so as to ascend stably and smoothly via a plurality of guide rollers 1112. The capsule 1113 is not limited to those made of FRP or foamed resin, or made of metal or wood. A cabin 1114 is formed in the capsule 1113 so that the capsule can be secured by appropriate buffer means. The cover 1115 is equipped with an opening / closing device so that the cover 1115 can also escape freely.

As shown in the lower right figure, the cover may be made of a soft vinyl cover 1116 and attached to the capsule opening and closed by tightening the tightening cord 1117 at the upper end opening from the inside. However, the covers 1115 and 1116 are not essential, and may be any as long as they can be mounted on a floating body. It may be such that a cylinder body protrudes from the capsule main body. The roller bracket 1118 may be provided with a buoyancy biasing blade such as a horizontal plane or a float to positively generate buoyancy so that the left and right rollers 1112 move in good synchronization.

In addition, since the floating thing may bite into the roller 1112, the outer periphery thereof may be a closed structure. In addition, the connecting members 1119 may be laid on the upper portions of the columns 1111 in order to maintain a constant interval. Further, the column 1111 may be associatedly equipped with a pull wire 1120.

In addition, one support 1111 may be used. In this case, a cantilever support method may be used as shown in A, or a guide roller 1121 may guide the support 1111 so as to pass through the center of the capsule as shown in B. In this case, a boarding room may be provided on the left and right, or two rooms may be provided in a direction perpendicular to the left and right rooms as shown in the lower left diagram to form a cross-shaped capsule 1122 when viewed from above. Further, as shown in the lower view of the same figure, a capsule 1123 having six or more radiating cabs may be used.

In the above-described embodiment, the chamber is in the horizontal direction, but a capsule 1124 having a vertical chamber may be configured as shown on the right side of the figure. In this case, one capsule, a pair of capsules as shown in the figure, or a capsule in the above-mentioned cross-shaped arrangement or radial arrangement may be used. In the case of the vertical type, step 1125 may be provided to make it easier to board. In addition, as shown in the evacuation capsule 1113, a weight 1126 may be provided at the bottom or the like so that the levitation capsule moves more stably. In addition, 1127 is an air intake pipe.

FIGS. 63 to 64 (F is the front where the tsunami arrives) show another embodiment of the evacuation tower (trade name: Tuscal Tower A) for tsunami (including flood) countermeasures. FIG. 63 is a front view of the tower, which is set on the assumption that a tsunami will arrive from a direction in front. FIG. 64 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line LL of FIG. 63, showing a state near the first floor entrance of the tower. The direction in which the tsunami arrives is taken from the left side of the figure. FIG. 65 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line MM of FIG. 63, and shows ascending / descending means such as stairs up to the evacuation stage. FIG. 66 is a sectional view taken along the line NN of FIG. 141, showing a plan view of the evacuation stage and the elevating means.

This tower is provided with four columns 1170... Arranged in parallel at a distance from each other so as to be at the apex of a square. The support column 1170 is a square pipe and long as shown in FIG. 64, but other members such as a round pipe, an angle member, and a channel steel can also be used. These pillars 1170 extend from the underground (not shown in FIG. 63) to the upper end shown in the figure, and have a height of about 16 m from the ground, but may be higher depending on the installation location.

Horizontal connecting members 1171... Are connected between the columns 1170 so as to correspond to the respective sides of the square, and these horizontal connecting members 1170 are vertically arranged in plural stages and integrated. The horizontal connecting member 171 and the column 1170 may be connected and integrated at the site. Reference numeral 1172 denotes a concrete base, which stabilizes the standing tower and is provided with a guiding slope 1173 at a rear portion thereof so that, for example, an elderly person or a wheelchair can easily get into the tower.

An evacuation stage 1174 is formed on the upper portion of the column 1170 so as to provide a wide rectangular surface so that tens of people can be evacuated. Although not shown, the inside of this stage 1174 is constructed of vertical and horizontal beams, and the upper and lower surfaces thereof are provided with plate surfaces. The upper surface is set at a height of about 12 m from the ground. On the outer periphery of the stage 1174, a handrail 1175 is provided upright at a height of about 1.5 m. A slightly lower handrail may be provided inside the handrail 1175. The handrail 1175 may be as high as 2 m so as not to give fear. The space in the stage 1174 may be various storage spaces.
In addition, an integrated or separate storage section is set up around the outer circumference of the stage 1174. Alternatively, the storage portion may be provided on the entire outer periphery of the stage 1174 or may be provided on a part of the outer periphery to use the rest as a handrail.

In an internal space formed by the four columns 1170, a stair 1178 with a handrail 1177 is provided along the inside of the four surfaces formed by the columns 1170 and the horizontal connecting members 1171. These stairs 1178 are connected and integrated as much as possible with the columns 1170 and the horizontal connecting members 1171 to increase the strength. The entrance of the stairs 1178 to the stage 1174 is as shown in FIG.

Around a support 1170 having these stairs 1178, a vertical bar (vertical louver) 1180 is provided so as to form four surfaces. This vertical bar 1180 is provided to prevent evacuees from directly receiving the tsunami and to provide a reinforcing function, and also provides a blindfold for evacuees climbing the stairs 1178 with fear of heights. There is also a function to prevent giving. The vertical bar 1180 has a square pipe shape, but may be an angle material, a channel material, a round pipe, or the like. In addition, instead of the vertical beam 1180, an oblique beam or a horizontal beam may be used. The tower may be arranged obliquely such that one of the columns 1170 is arranged ahead of the side where the tsunami arrives. In this case, there is an effect that the tsunami is divided into right and left. In this obliquely oriented tower, a diagonal cross rather than a vertical cross is preferable because the tsunami cuts left and right while spreading and scattering.
Note that the same applies to other embodiments, but when a plurality of tsunami evacuation towers are installed in close proximity to each other, the towers must be connected to each other by a joint such as a wire rope or a pipe, in addition to the independent systems. Can be.

As shown in FIG. 64, the lower part of the back surface of the vertical bar 1180 is formed in a square notch shape, and a door 1181 which can be opened and closed is attached at that location as a louver. The door 1181 may be a sliding door type so that opening and closing in an emergency can be quickly performed.

Numeral 1183 denotes an ascending and descending guide cylinder. The guide cylinder 1183 is located at the center of the tower and penetrates the stage 1174 from the ground to reach a position above the stage. As shown in FIG. The inner connecting member 1185 and the inner vertical bar 1186 are connected to each other to form a rectangular high cylindrical body, and a lower part thereof is provided with a climbing opening (with an opening / closing door) 1187 at a lower portion thereof. An evacuation exit 1188 is formed in the upper part as shown in FIG. The inside thereof is equipped with a motorized or manual simple lifter 1189. This type of simple lifter also includes a type that floats following the rising of the water surface accompanying the arrival of a tsunami. The elevating guide cylinder 1183 is integrated with the stage 1174, and is connected to the stairs 1178 by a receiving member 1190. Reference numeral 1191 denotes a fall prevention net, which is stretched between the elevating guide cylinder 1183 and the stairs 1178. Reference numeral 1192 denotes a solar panel provided via the upper end of the column 1170. Wind power generation equipment
It is constructed by stretching multiple wire ropes in various directions. Guard means may be provided in front of the tower, for example.

69 and 70 show embodiments for other towers. The tower forms a triangular prism-shaped main body by three (the number of columns is not limited) columns 1220... And connecting members 1221. An evacuation stage 1222 is formed in the upper and lower two layers, and two stairs 1223 are arranged from the ground so as to reach the stage 1222. Further, a wind power generator 1224 and a solar panel 1225 are provided at the upper part of the tower by using a column 1220. The evacuation stage 1222 provides a wide evacuation space in a hexagonal shape as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 71 and FIG. 72 show another embodiment, in which two ladder bodies 1230 are combined and an evacuation part 1231 is installed on the upper part thereof. It is intended for installation in places where the water level rises due to rising water, for example, parks, plazas, and gardens of each house slightly on land from the coastline, but they can also be installed on the coastline.

This evacuation device can be sold and provided as a "simple tsunami evacuation tower assembly set", and the set includes a main pillar 1232 at the center. The main pillar 1232 is made of a round or square pipe, and has a thick lower portion and a thinner lower portion, which connects the upper and lower portions. The lower portion is fixed to the lower portion or integrally welded with the leg plate 1233 and the horizontal board 1234. A footrest consisting of The main column 1232 is fixed vertically by an anchor 1235 driven into the ground through a hole in the substrate 1234.

A top plate 1236 is attached to an upper end of the main pillar 1232, and a substantially rectangular (or round) evacuation base 1238 as shown in FIG. , A pair of the ladder bodies 1230 are connected at their upper ends by a shaft 1237. These ladder bodies 1230 are set in a C-shape slightly opened to the left and right, and may be made of a metal such as aluminum, or may be made of wood or resin (this is another embodiment). However, the same applies.) Note that a reinforcing rib 1239 is fixed to the bottom surface of the base 1238.

The ladder body 1230 has handrails 1240 on the left and right, and is fixed to the ground by anchors 1235... Via an angle-adjustable seat plate 1241 provided at the lower end thereof. Note that the ladder body 1230 may be of an extendable type such as two or three (this may be applied to other embodiments similarly).

On the base 1238, there is formed an evacuation part 1231 to be assembled later with a vertical frame member 1242... Made of pipes and an upper peripheral member 1243. An enclosure 1243 is attached. As the enclosing material 1243, a lightweight material such as a resin sheet, a thin wood plate, or a thin resin plate is suitable, but is not limited thereto, and may be a metal such as an aluminum plate.

The set is assembled, for example, as follows. The ladder body 1230 with the pair of the ladder body 1230 and the upper main pillar 1232 connected to the base 1238 is gradually opened, and then the ladder body 1230 is fixed by the anchor 1235. After that, the lower part of the main pillar 1232 is connected and fixed by the anchor 1235. When the leg assembly is completed in this way, the entire frame is completed by assembling the vertical frame members 1242,..., The upper peripheral member 1243, the enclosure member 1244, and the like using the ladder body 1230. Note that the main pillar 1232 may be omitted. The evacuation section 1231 can be assembled before the ladder body 1230 is started up. The height of the base 1238 is about 5 to 6 m, but may be lower, about 4 m.

As shown in FIG. 72, the base 1238 is provided with a pair of openings 1245 for evacuees to climb into the evacuation section 1231. As shown in FIG. 71, the substrate 1234 extends long in the vertical direction in the figure to enhance the stability of the device.

In addition to the above-described embodiment, it may be configured by a main pillar 1232 and one ladder body 1230. The ladder bodies 1230 may be connected to each other.

FIG. 73 shows another embodiment. Reference numeral 1247 denotes a stepladder type ladder body. When the ladder body 1247 is provided with a ceiling frame 1248 at the upper end, a seat plate 1249 at the lower end is fixed by an anchor 1250. And it may be more safely pulled and fixed by the brace 1251 like an imaginary line.

On such a ladder body 1247, an evacuation part 1252 indicated by a solid line is mounted and installed by a simple crane or the like, and is mounted by being fixed to the ladder body 1247. Note that the evacuation section 1252 may be lifted using the ladder body 1247 when finished to be lightweight, or in this case, the evacuation section 1252 may be lifted by providing a roller at an upper portion and pulling a rope. Winches may be used. The side frame of the ladder body 1247 can be used as a guide rail and can be lifted lightly by the bottom roller.

In addition, the evacuation part 1252 and the ladder body 1247 are connected and supported by a connecting material 1253 like a virtual line. Further, a handrail 1254 may be separately provided between the widths of the ladder body 1247 like an imaginary line. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the ladder body 1247 is a stepladder, A pair of ladder bodies 1247 may be further combined like a phantom line, and in this case, the side frames can be connected to each other.

The evacuation section 1252 is an extremely lightweight truss group. It comprises a base 1256 having a climbing port 1255, a handrail frame 1257 rising from the outer periphery thereof, a periphery 1258, and an uppering material 1259.

FIG. 74 shows another embodiment, in which a base 1263 having a wide space is provided at an upper end portion of a ladder body 1262 to serve also as a ceiling frame. The base 1263 is provided with a climbing port 1264, stands up with the ladder body 1262, and is completed by assembling handrails 1265. In the right column of the figure, the steps are not provided in the entire width of the ladder body 1262, but the steps 1266 are arranged only at the center of the width and the handrails 1267 are attached.

FIG. 75 shows another embodiment, in which the tsunami evacuation device (which can also be used as a flood countermeasure device in other embodiments as well) is a combination of three ladder bodies 1268. These ladder bodies 1268 are interconnected by hinge-type connecting members 1271 which can be opened and closed so as to form a triangle when viewed from above, with the lower end fixed by a seat plate 1270 fixed to the ground by an anchor 1269. Then, at the lower part of the ladder body 1268, an entrance 1272 is formed, and it is possible to climb along the inside, and after climbing, it is possible to evacuate to the upper evacuation base 1274 through the entrance 1273. it can. The evacuation base 1274 can be formed of a wire mesh or the like with a membrane sheet whose bottom is hard to see. In addition, it is possible to climb from outside.

FIG. 76 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, an evacuation section 1278 is provided on three ladder bodies 1277... In particular, an auxiliary ladder body 1280 fixed by an anchor 1279 is connected to the outside of the ladder body by obliquely leaning it. In this embodiment, it is possible to climb using the inside of the ladder body 1277, and to climb using the auxiliary ladder body 1280. The evacuation part 1278 is constructed by using a ladder body 1277 that has been erected and assembling auxiliary pipes 1281. Can be.

77 and 78 show another embodiment. Similarly, three ladder bodies 1284 are used, but in this case, they are installed in a flared shape. These ladder bodies 1284 are interconnected by a top plate 1285 having a connection hole, and the lower end is fixed by driving an anchor 1287 into a seat plate 1286. The braces 1288 may connect them together. The evacuation part 1289 is formed by fixing a plurality of 1/3 split base plates 1290... As shown in FIG. 77 on the top plate 1285 or by interconnecting them to form a solid base 1291, and a handrail 1292, an enclosure, etc. These operations are carried out using an erect ladder body 1284. Done. The brace 1288 can be further fixed by a driving anchor 1293 shown in FIG. The braces 1288 may be tensioned when the ladder bodies 1284.

FIG. 79 shows another embodiment. This device has one ladder body 1296, and the lower part is fixed by a gantry 1297. As shown in the right enlarged view, the gantry 1297 has a seat plate 1299 which is slightly wider and is fixed by the anchor 1298, a pair of front and rear square pipe-shaped insertion receiving cylinders 1300 integrated on the seat plate 1299, and Step 1301 also serves as reinforcement between the cylinders 1300.

Then, the ladder body 1296 is inserted into the insertion receiving cylinder 1300 of the gantry 1297, and is fixed with a fastening tool. On the outer periphery of the upper part of the ladder body 1296, for example, an enclosure 1302 formed by painting a lightweight kana pipe (trade name) with a resin or the like is attached so as to eliminate fear of climbing when climbing. The upper end of the ladder body 1296 is a rear part of the left and right frame members without steps, and an evacuation part 1303 is formed on the outer periphery thereof using the same large diameter pipe. The enclosure 1302, the evacuation section 1303, and the like may be added later.

FIG. 80 shows another embodiment. This embodiment also includes a single type of ladder body 1305. At the lower end of the ladder body 1305, brackets 1306 are provided on the left and right sides, so that a pair of a pair of horizontal seat ladder bodies 1307 is connected and fixed. I have. The seat ladder body 1307 is fixed by an overhang plate 1308 indicated by a virtual line, a case 1310 for receiving weights 1309, and the like. Reference numeral 1311 denotes a fixed shaft, and 1312 denotes a fastening device.

FIG. 81 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, a single type of ladder body 1314 is rotatably supported on a gantry 1315, and a suitable number of buoyancy bodies 1316 are provided on the ladder body 1314 to make it easy to float. An evacuation section 1317 that can be boarded from the ground is suspended, and a fixed or hanging weight 1318 is provided so as to float in a well-balanced manner. Therefore, when the water surface rises due to a tsunami or a flood, not only does the buoyant body 1316 float on the ladder body 1314, but the evacuation section 1317 itself also floats. The virtual line appears to have surfaced.

Note that the ladder body 1314 may be arranged as a parallel link like an imaginary line so that the evacuation unit 1317 always floats in the same posture. In addition, the ladder body 1314 may be folded upward to expand and float like another imaginary line.

FIG. 82 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, a guide rail 1321 composed of a ladder body and one bar is erected vertically on a gantry 1322 or inclined as shown in the right column, and an evacuation section 1323 is guided by a roller 1324 along the guide rail 1321. It is made to float lightly as an id. The guide rail 1321 can also be constituted by two or three ladder bodies as described above. As shown in the right column, the guide rail 1321 is lowered to about half, and the ascending ladder body 1326 which can be extended by the roller 1325 is combined like a two-connection ladder, and the ladder body 1326 is equipped with an evacuation section 1323 and rises. You may make it. This can also be of the tilt type.

83 and 84 show another embodiment, which relates to an evacuation device (evacuation tower) at the time of occurrence of a tsunami (or flood). A base 1329 has a square cross section and a large diameter from the base 1329. The support columns 1330 are vertically erected in a pair in parallel with respect to the tsunami arrival direction X.

The rear strut 1330 is slightly less than 2 m higher than the front strut 1330 at a height of about 8 to 12 m from the ground. This is for attaching the canopy 1336 via the upper end of the rear support 1330. The front and rear struts 1330 may be similarly raised so that the canopy 1336 is attached more stably.

The front and rear struts 1330 are spaced apart by about 2 to 3 m, but may be more than that, for example, about 5 to 7 m to stabilize. Further, the columns 1330 may be not only a pair of front and rear but also a set of 3 to 5 columns. Furthermore, the connection between the columns 1330 may be reinforced by a horizontal or oblique joint material.

These pillars 1330 may be buried deep in the ground as shown by broken lines and fixed. Also, although one pillar is shown in FIG. A stair 1332 with handrails 1331 is fixed to one side of both pillars 1330, and when climbing the stair 1332, the next other stair 1332 is not continued but a temporary rest is given. Is formed in a semicircular shape. A landing 1333 is also formed where the other side of the stairs 1332 is climbed. By repeating such a combination of stairs and landings several times, the uppermost stairs 1332 reach the opening 1335 of the evacuation base 1334 on the top floor.

The stairs 1332 have an ascending angle of 45 degrees up to the first and second floors, but are set to 30 degrees, which is easier to climb than the third floor. This method makes it easy to climb in response to the possibility of shortness of breath as it climbs. For example, the first floor is 45 degrees, the second floor is 40 degrees, and the third floor is 30 degrees. In this case, the climbing angle gradually decreases as the floor is raised.

The stairs 1332 and the landing 1333 are connected to the both columns 1330 and are reinforcing members of the columns 1330. Further, the support 1330 is a general simple Although it is an easy type, it is also possible to use a structural member such as a side girder or a step board with a rigid structure to enhance the reinforcing effect. The same can be said for the handrail 1331.

Reference numeral 1337 denotes a vertical bar, and the vertical bar 1337 is spaced apart from each other so as to form an oval shape along the outer periphery of a stair 1332, a landing 1333, a base 1329, and an evacuation base 1334 as shown in FIG. I have. In this embodiment, these vertical bars 1337 are long, made of round pipes. However, square pipes, frant bars, angle materials, and the like can be used. The vertical rails 1337 are mainly for safety. It is important that the distance between the vertical bars 1337 is sufficiently small so that climbers do not have a fear of looking down. For this purpose, a blindfold may be attached along the inner surface or outer surface of the vertical bar 1337.

Reference numeral 1338 denotes a rear opening / closing door which forms an entrance 1339. Reference numeral 1340 denotes a pre-guard, which is a resistance means for coping with a floating object such as a small boat or lumber that is expected to arrive with the tsunami at a previous stage so as not to directly hit the apparatus. Here, the guard 1340 is a round pipe, a plurality of which are arranged in an arc shape when viewed from above, but for example, a square pipe with a corner facing forward or a buffer means is attached to the outer periphery thereof. There may be. In addition, a means for actively destroying floating materials such as timber, for example, a flat bar, an angle, a toothed member, or the like may be provided on the front side of the guard 1340. Further, as shown in FIG. 84, a space S between front and rear is formed between the columns 1330, and a simple elevator is provided in this space S (or the internal space of the column 1330), or the space S is climbing up the stairs 1332. A room where people can evacuate urgently may be provided. The landing 1333 may be formed in a mountain shape protruding forward, particularly on the front side.
Further, as shown in the lower left column of FIG. 84, for example, a control member 1390 having a triangular cross section may be provided to protrude forward on the tsunami arrival supposed side (front side) of the column 1330. If this control member 1390 is installed vertically in the vicinity of the leg of the column 1330 as an elastic material such as foamed resin or rubber, it not only protects the column 1330 from the collision of drifting substances, but also has a shape in which the control member 1390 spreads backward. In this case, control is performed so that the tsunami X does not hit the front surface of the column 1330 violently but expands right and left as indicated by the arrow. The control member 1390 may be formed in a semi-circular shape or may be formed by laminating old tires 1391... Like an imaginary line. If only the control of the tsunami is intended, the control member 1390 may be made of something other than elastic.
In the column shown in the lower left and right column of FIG. 84, the column 1330 is made of H or I-shaped steel, and its groove is directed forward and backward, and the flow of the tsunami is obliquely upward in the front groove. Control plates 1392... For controlling the upward flow along the front surface of the groove bottom (web) may be provided in upper and lower layers. The plate 1392 has its oblique upper end fixed to the groove bottom (web) with an ascending gap 1393 left. The rising tsunami flow is indicated by an arrow by a backflow control plate 1394 that is directed upward and diagonally forward as shown in the figure. And may be released above the tsunami and returned. You may equip a plate so that it may be divided into right and left.
Further, as shown in the lower right column, the side rigger 1395 may be extended obliquely downward from both sides of the leg of the column 1330, and the base 1396 at the lower end may be embedded in the ground or anchored. The front support 1330 can be similarly configured.

FIG. 85 shows another embodiment, in which a vertical bar is not provided on the outer periphery of the device, and front and rear supports 1343, stairs 1344, handrails 1345, landings 1346, and the like are similarly configured. In addition to the side cover 1347, the cover 1348 is also provided around the landing 1346, so that the evacuation can be performed safely and without fear.

Note that in this embodiment, the stairs 1344 on the lower floor may be only the tread 1350 without the riser so that the tsunami passes through as shown by the arrow W (this may be applied to other embodiments as well. There is). On the other hand, on the high stairs 1344 such as the third floor, a riser 1351 is provided so as not to feel the fear. In this case, as shown in the right figure, if the riser 1351 is detached only by the tsunami by the attaching / detaching means 1352 such as a magnet, the tsunami can easily pass through, and the stability of the apparatus can be further secured (this is another problem). May be similarly applied to the embodiment.)
Further, a reinforcing member 1353 may be provided between the columns 1343 like a virtual line. Further, with respect to the tsunami X, if the peripheral surface cover 1348 is made of a porous material such as a mesh member or punched metal, the tsunami will pass through and the stability of the device will be improved. In this case, the cover 1348 may be removed when a tsunami arrives.

FIG. 86 shows another embodiment. In the same embodiment, the pillar 1354, the stairs 1355, the landing 1356, and the like are similarly configured, and the outer cover 1357 having an oval cross section is covered so as to cover all of the outer peripheries and climb safely and safely. It is attached. 1358 is a door.
In particular, the lower portion of the outer cover 1357 may be made of water-permeable material or may be detached or destroyed by a tsunami. For example, the cover 1357 may be arranged in the circumferential direction by hanging a strip-shaped resin thin film having a width of 50 cm in a strip shape and pulling it up and down to be arranged in a circumferential direction so that the cover 1357 swings when the tsunami arrives.

One device may be configured with the structure in FIG. 85 as the lower part and the structure with the cover in FIG. 86 as the upper part. In this case, the lower part can easily pass through the tsunami, and the upper part that does not hit the tsunami can be covered with a function of climbing without fear.

The embodiment of FIG. 87 includes a support 1361 having a stair 1362 and a landing 1363. In particular, the support 1361 has a longitudinal axis 1364 in front and back, and around the axis 1364, A concealed peripheral surface cover 1365 that rotates only by the force of the tsunami X is attached so that when the tsunami arrives like X, it rotates like a virtual line and does not become a resistance.
In addition, as shown by the imaginary line, the column 1361 may be a solid line and may be erected in an oblique direction with a phase shift of 45 degrees. There is no heavy load (this may apply to other embodiments as well). As shown by the imaginary line in FIG. 87, the concealed surface cover 1365 of the landing 1363 does not operate while maintaining its convex shape in a strong wind or the like, and is deformed into an elastic concave shape like an imaginary line only during a tsunami. If it is configured freely, the tsunami flow can escape along the concave surface as indicated by arrow X-1, and even if the cover 1365 is broken, it does not become a tsunami flow resistor. The cover 1365 can be formed of a water-permeable material such as a punching plate or a mesh material. As shown in FIG. 86, this structure can also be applied to a device having a semicircular peripheral cover above and below a landing.

The front view of the evacuation device which shows one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. The front view which shows the evacuation tower of an inner stairs system. The side view of the tower of FIG. The front view which shows embodiment which comprised the shelter in the house. The longitudinal section showing an embodiment of an underground capsule device. The top view which shows the apparatus which protects an important apparatus etc. from water. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 8. The front view of a simple water guard device. FIG. 2 is a half sectional view showing an embodiment for protecting important machines and important documents from water. FIG. 12 is a front view showing an additional example of the apparatus shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an additional device for protecting the electric control panel from tsunamis, floods, and the like. The front view showing other embodiments. The front view which shows the other example of an earthquake buffer. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an earthquake buffer according to another embodiment. The LL sectional view taken on the line of FIG. The left view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 19 is a sectional view taken along line MM of FIG. 18. FIG. 9 is a plan view of a three-post type showing another embodiment. The front view of FIG. The top view showing other embodiments of a tsunami control device. The front view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a pre-tsunami control device. The top view showing other embodiments of a pre-tsunami control device. The left view of FIG. The left view which shows other embodiment. The top view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 29 is a left side view of FIG. 28. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. The left view which shows other embodiment. FIG. 34 is a transverse sectional view of FIG. 33 showing another embodiment. FIG. 33 is a front view of FIG. 32. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. The front view showing other embodiments. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. The left sectional view showing other embodiments. The left view which shows other embodiment. The front view which shows the tsunami tower with a wind power generator. FIG. 40 is a plan view of FIG. 39; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the elevator. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the elevator. The front view which shows the example which installed the sirocco fan type wind power generator in the tsunami tower. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a tower showing another embodiment. The front view which shows the example of the tsunami tower with a one-post type wind power generator. FIG. 46 is a transverse sectional view of FIG. 45. The side view showing other embodiments. FIG. 50 is a sectional view taken along line QQ in FIG. 49; FIG. 49 is a side view of the evacuation device of FIG. 48. The evacuation device side view which shows other embodiment. FIG. 50 is a sectional view taken along line JJ of FIG. 50. FIG. 54 is a sectional view taken along line NN of FIG. 53. FIG. 53 is a side view of FIG. 52. The side view showing other embodiments. FIG. 57 is an GG sectional view of FIG. 56 showing another embodiment. FIG. 55 is a side view of FIG. 55. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment. The partially cutaway side view which shows other embodiment. The perspective view which shows the evacuation device to a high place. The top view which shows the simple evacuation device to a high place. FIG. 61 is a front view of FIG. 61. The front view of the tsunami evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 64 is a sectional view taken along line LL of FIG. FIG. 64 is a sectional view taken along line MM of FIG. 63. FIG. 64 is a sectional view taken along line NN in FIG. 63. FIG. 68 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line PP of FIG. 68 illustrating another embodiment. FIG. 67 is a front view of the evacuation tower of FIG. 67. The front view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 69 is a sectional view taken along line QQ of FIG. 69. The top view of the simple tsunami evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 72 is a front view of FIG. 71. The perspective view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. The perspective view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. The perspective view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. The perspective view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. The top view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. The front view of FIG. 77. The perspective view of the evacuation tower which shows other embodiment. The principal part expansion perspective view which shows other embodiment. The side view showing other embodiments. The side view showing other embodiments. The right side view of the tsunami tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 84 is a sectional view taken along line HH of FIG. 83. The right side view of the tsunami tower which shows other embodiment. The right side view of the tsunami tower which shows other embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ground 4 ... Embedded pile 10 ... Evacuation tower 12 ... Strut 13 ... Horizontal connection material 21 ... Stairs (climbing means) 24 ... Internal evacuation site 27 ... Anchor 28 ... Pulling wire.

Claims (2)

  An evacuation tower that has an evacuation area at a height above the expected water level in the event of an emergency such as a tsunami or flood, and has means for climbing the evacuation area, and means for fixing the evacuation tower to the installation base An evacuation device for emergency situations such as tsunamis and floods, characterized by having:   2. The tsunami / flood according to claim 1, wherein the evacuation tower is formed by connecting a plurality of columns which are separated from each other, and an evacuation site is set in the inner space so as to communicate with a means of climbing. Evacuation device from emergency situations.

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