JP2018115540A - Tsunami evacuation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tsunami evacuation device where a substantial evacuation area can be widely secured by constructing a flat surface shaped halfway stairs landing wider than a standard step board surface at a part of the stairs, not constructing a halfway portion of stairs and a roof floor evacuation place or the like as continuous spiral stair type, and evacuees can have a break in the middle of evacuation using the flat halfway stairs landing, and also the device can be used as a rescue space for upwardly lifting the evacuees.SOLUTION: A tsunami evacuation device comprises a support pillar which is vertically erected on an installation base, stairs which is formed by arranging multiple pieces of step boards in a manner that makes the same spiral-shape upwardly around a periphery of the support pillar, and an evacuation base formed on a top edge of the support pillar. A flat surface shaped halfway stairs landing having a width corresponding to the multiple pieces of step boards is formed at the raising or lowering midway position of the stairs.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tsunami evacuation apparatus.

  Various tsunami evacuation countermeasures have been proposed and implemented, but a three-dimensional steel structure is formed with multiple vertical columns and girders and beams that connect them vertically and horizontally, and an evacuation stage is set on the roof. In addition, it is common to have an ascending / descending means such as an oblique staircase or a slope for guiding the evacuees to the evacuation stage, and many are installed as those capable of evacuating many people. On the other hand, there is also a demand for a small number of evacuation devices of about 10 to 20 people, such as those for homes, neighbors, and one company. FIG. 32 of Patent Document 1 shows one of the specific devices. Suggested a thing.

JP-A-2004-339920

The embodiment shown in FIG. 32 of Patent Document 1 relates to an evacuation tower (tsunami evacuation device) from a tsunami in which a single support column 300 is vertically embedded in the ground 301. It is made of a pipe such as a corner, and a spiral (spiral) staircase 302 is integrated on its outer periphery, and an evacuation base 303 is fixed horizontally at the upper end. The evacuation base 303 is formed with a through hole leading to the stairs and a handrail 304 is erected around the evacuation base 303. A vertical pipe may be provided around the staircase 302, but in the drawing, a spiral surface wave avoiding side member 305 is provided to avoid a tsunami. Reference numeral 306 denotes a top plate provided at the upper end of the column.
This tsunami evacuation device has a spiral staircase 302, so that it can be installed compactly even in a narrow space, and it can be run up continuously and can be evacuated quickly, which is advantageous for evacuation. However, since the staircase 302 is continuously provided with fan-shaped partial circles up to the evacuation base 303, a large number of people cannot be evacuated. That is, the evacuation base 303 has a large through hole for preventing a head from hitting the stairs 302 when climbing the spiral staircase 302. Since it is narrow, and the evacuable upper part of the spiral staircase 302 is only a plurality of partial circular step boards, the real evacuable area combining the evacuation base 303 and the upper part of the stairs is included. It is small and it cannot be said that many people can be safely evacuated. In addition, since the staircase 302 is continuous in a spiral shape, for those who are vulnerable to disaster, even if they want to take a break during the evacuation, they cannot fully do it in a narrow space, and other evacuation evacuation obstacles for other climbers It was also a thing.

  The present invention is intended to solve such a problem. Rather than using a continuous spiral staircase in the middle of a staircase or a roof evacuation site, a flat surface that is considerably wider than a standard tread surface is partially used. A tsunami evacuation that can be used as a rescue space where the evacuee can take a break during the evacuation and can also be used as a rescue space that can be lifted upward by using the flat surface. It is an object to provide a device for use.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a support column is vertically installed on an installation base, and a plurality of treads are formed in a spiral shape through the periphery of the support column. A tsunami evacuation device that is deployed to form a staircase, and an evacuation base is formed at the upper end of the support column, and the stairs are located in the middle of climbing the stairs, and are flat enough for multiple treads A planar midway landing is formed.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a support column is vertically installed on the installation base, and a plurality of treads are arranged so as to form a spiral shape around the support column to form a staircase. A tsunami evacuation device in which an evacuation base is formed at the upper end of the support column, and a flat surface-shaped midway landing area that is as wide as a plurality of treads is formed at the middle of climbing the stairs. Rather than using a continuous spiral staircase in the middle of stairs and rooftop evacuation sites, a large flat surface-shaped halfway landing area that is considerably wider than a standard tread surface can be secured in a wide area. At the same time, the flat evacuation area can be used to provide a tsunami evacuation device that allows the refugee to take a break during the evacuation and can also be used as a rescue space for lifting the refugee upward.

  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The longitudinal cross-sectional front view which shows 1st Embodiment of the tsunami evacuation apparatus which is this invention seen from the front.   Sectional drawing corresponding to the II-II line of FIG.   III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG.   The longitudinal cross-sectional front view which shows other embodiment of the apparatus for tsunami evacuation.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   The front view which shows other embodiment.   FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment corresponding to the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 9.   Sectional drawing shown corresponding to the IX-IX line of FIG.   The longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the tsunami evacuation apparatus which shows other embodiment.   The longitudinal cross-sectional front view of the tsunami evacuation apparatus which shows other embodiment.   Sectional drawing which shows the additional example of a proposal.   The perspective sectional view showing a plate drilling method.   The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of the plate drilling method.

  1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is an installation base, which may be a ground or a concrete base placed on the ground. On this installation base 1, a vertical support column 2 is erected in such a manner that a base is embedded in the base 1. The support column 2 is made of a round pipe having a diameter of 50 to 60 cm (or may be made of a square pipe), and has a height of about 8 m (H = 6 m, h = 2 m). The length embedded under the column 2 is 5 to 6 m.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a lower spiral staircase. A standard lower tread 4 made of a fan-shaped partial circle has a spiral shape from the top to the bottom point a and the top point b in FIG. The lower spiral side peripheral plate 5 is provided so as to climb and fixed so as to climb along the outer periphery thereof.
Reference numeral 6 denotes a kicking door frame serving as an evacuation entrance to the lower spiral staircase 3, which has a structure that cannot be entered from the side. When the lower spiral staircase 3 is provided with a kick plate, the kick plate and the tread plate 4 are made of an integral press.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a lower spiral handrail, which has a height of around 1.5 m, but may be raised to around 2 m to improve safety. A reinforced resin guard may be stretched along the handrail 7.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a first halfway landing, a wide landing with a flat surface portion having an isosceles triangle that has an angle range corresponding to 1/4 lap (2/8 lap) from point b to point c in FIG. Has been.
The bottom part of the isosceles triangle in FIG. 4 may be arcuate as shown in the lower left column of the figure to form a ¼ disk so that the landing 10 is slightly wider. 11 is a front plate of the first landing and 12 is a first landing rail.

15 is an upper spiral staircase, and a standard upper tread 16 made of a fan-shaped partial circle has a spiral shape from the c point to the d point in FIG. 3 with a little less than one lap as viewed from above (7/8 laps = 14). And an upper spiral side peripheral plate 17 fixed so as to climb along the outer periphery thereof. When the upper spiral staircase 15 includes a kick plate, the kick plate and the tread plate 16 are made of an integrated press.
Reference numeral 17 denotes an upper spiral handrail, which has a height of about 1.5 m, but may be raised to about 2 m to improve safety. A reinforced resin guard may be stretched along the handrail 17.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a second midway landing, a flat surface portion plus a quadrangle and a ¼ circle that form an angle range corresponding to ½ lap (4/8 lap) from point d to point e in FIG. It is considered a large landing with The quarter circular portion may have a rectangular shape similar to that of the front flat surface portion as shown by phantom lines in FIG. 3 so that a wider flat surface portion having a rectangular shape as a whole can be provided.
21 is a second landing side plate, and 22 is a second landing handrail.

The support column 2 extends further higher by h (2 m) than the second midway landing 20. The height H is the estimated tsunami height in the area where the device is installed. In this case, the height H is further increased by h to ensure safety.
Reference numeral 25 denotes a roof refuge, which has a circular shape limited to a diameter W = 2.2 to 2.4 m, which is a size that can be loaded on a truck, and an evacuation side side plate 26 and an evacuation field handrail 27 are provided on the outer periphery thereof. In addition, an entrance 28 is opened in the rooftop refuge 25, and an upper end of an evacuation ladder 29 erected vertically from the second midway landing 20 is inserted into the entrance 28 so as to be able to go up and down. It has become.

  Reference numeral 31 denotes a pair of inner buffer struts, the lower part is embedded and fixed in the installation base 1, and the upper part is welded and fixed to the front receiving base 14 integrated with the first landing plate front plate 11. The inner buffer column 31 is connected and fixed to the column 2 by an underground beam 32 in the installation base 1.

Reference numeral 35 denotes an outer buffer strut, which is erected vertically so as to be positioned forward and backward corresponding to the push wave strike side X and the pull wave strike side -X of the installation base 1.
Reference numeral 36 denotes a roof pole, which has a base fixed at the center of the roof refuge 25 and is vertically set high. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a streamer 37 is provided in a lifting manner. A lightning rod 38 may be provided at the upper end of the pole 36, or a lightning suppression type lightning rod PDCE (Co., Ltd. lightning suppression systems) 39 as shown in the upper left column of FIG.

  42 shown by a virtual line is an evacuation room configuration sheet body, which can be stretched on the rooftop refuge 25 to allow the evacuee to avoid rain, snow and wind, and has necessary facilities such as a heater (which may be solar-driven) and indoor lighting. Shall. Further, as a means for protecting the refugee, the upper outer periphery shielding sheet 44 made of cloth, sheet, vinyl or the like for shielding and protecting the space below the rooftop refuge 25 can be provided so that the refugee can take measures against the cold. In addition, a lower middle outer peripheral shielding sheet 45 may be provided.

The lower tread 4 is provided with a kick plate to prevent wind from below. For example, a simple opening / closing door is provided at a portion indicated by a broken line 46 in FIG.・ Make sure to avoid wind during evacuation.
48 is a remote control type security camera, and a plurality of remote control type security cameras are arranged on the periphery of the high refuge handrail 27 that can be widely seen so that the neighborhood can be confirmed for crime prevention.
Reference numeral 49 denotes a mounting bracket to which a character / picture display neon 52 and the like are attached in addition to the speaker 50 and the advertising board 51.
In addition to the character picture display neon 52, a line-emitting neon 55 can also be provided around a check wire 54 that is obliquely stretched between the roof refuge 25 and the installation base 1.
Reference numeral 58 denotes a rescue cage, which is used to take up an evacuee from the ground and rescue it by using a winding winch with a ratchet (not shown) provided in the second midway landing 20. A person who is easily wound up due to the large landing 20 can be safely rescued by the landing 20. The rescue location may be the first midway landing 10 or the rooftop refuge 25.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment. The tsunami evacuation apparatus according to this embodiment forms an uppermost spiral staircase 60 instead of the evacuation ladder 29 as an ascending / descending part above the second midway landing 20 and a flat surface as shown in the upper right column of FIG. A rooftop shelter 65 having a rectangular shape is provided. The uppermost spiral staircase 60 is composed of an uppermost tread 61, an uppermost side circumferential plate 62, and an uppermost handrail 63 for 12/16 rounds. The rooftop evacuation area 65 includes an evacuation area side peripheral plate 66 and an evacuation area handrail 67 that are U-shaped when viewed from above.
The rooftop pole 69 is provided with a Hinomaru national flag 70 in a hoisting manner. In addition to the national flag 70, a large fishing flag 71 or a company flag 72 may be displayed.
Reference numeral 74 denotes an attachment frame, and electric lines 75... Such as a power line, a telephone line, and an optical fiber can be installed via the frame 74.
In addition, about the part which attached | subjected the same code | symbol as FIG. 1, it has the same structure.

  FIG. 6 shows another embodiment. In the case where the pole 80 provided in the tsunami evacuation apparatus as shown in FIG. 5 is provided with the lightning rod 81, it is arranged as far away as possible so that the evacuee is not damaged by the lightning voltage. Insulated pole brackets arranged so as to be vertically connected to the board 66, the evacuation ground handrail 67, the handrail 22 of the second halfway landing 20 and the side peripheral plate 21, etc., and the pole 80 is inserted through these brackets 82. It is fixedly arranged so as to be located outside the evacuation part. Reference numeral 83 denotes a ground terminal box.

  FIG. 7 shows another embodiment. In FIG. 7, when the evacuation roof 86 is provided at the roof evacuation site 85, the pole 87 is erected through the outer periphery of the roof handrail 88 that does not obstruct the roof 86 without passing the pole 87 through. 89 is a pole tube. Also, the roof evacuation site 85 may be provided with a support column 90 that can be provided with an extension pipe 91 that extends upward when the tsunami becomes higher than expected. In this case, by providing the auxiliary step 92, it is possible to evacuate to a higher place. 93 is a fastening tool.

  8 and 9 show another embodiment. Auxiliary buffer struts 95 are provided in front of and behind the outer buffer struts 35 of the tsunami evacuation device, and a tent roof 96 is stretched between the struts 35 and 95 to prevent rain and wind. By doing so, a simple market can be created in the lower space, or it can be used for a children's playground.

  FIG. 10 shows another embodiment. Around the upper part of the tsunami evacuation device (the roof refuge 25), a windshield bellows torso 100 with a roof is attached, fully extended downward, and fixed with an anchor 101, so that the entire device is made into a sealed space to prevent rain and wind. It is designed to be compatible. An entrance door sheet shall be provided corresponding to the lower part.

  FIG. 11 shows another embodiment. The advertisement signboard 103 provided in the tsunami evacuation device is provided with a windbreak sheet 104 wound around the vertical axis, and the sheet 104 is drawn out and wound as shown by the arrow in the figure as necessary to wrap the interior space of the apparatus. This is a space that can be windbreaked.

  Fig. 12 shows additional proposal examples. In the figure, 110 is Satsuma Iwojima and 111 is Takeshima. These islands are located in the southern part of Kagoshima Prefecture, and the catastrophic catastrophic eruption occurred about 7300 years ago. It is the northernmost island of the Kikai Caldera 112 formed along with it, and is left protruding from the sea surface 113. Under the Kikai caldera 112, it is known that there is a submarine magma 115 and a large number of hydrothermal eruptions are still being observed at five locations on the seabed (by the Kobe Ocean Submarine Exploration Center). The submarine magma 115 left here has an explosion eruption power of about 220 times when the full power at the time of Mt. Fuji explosion is 1, and the scale is so large that the lives of many people are in danger. Yes. On the other hand, no way to prevent it has been found.

Therefore, the present applicant proposes a countermeasure method.
As shown in FIG. 12, there is a seabed magma 115 at the bottom of the seafloor ground (plate) 117 including the Kikai caldera 112 on the seabed, and if the magma 115 is partially removed (extracted), the absolute amount of magma is obtained. Assuming that it will not lead to a full-scale explosion eruption by reducing the amount, we propose to use the “Chikyu” 116 as shown in the figure, and to do so through drilling and extraction work. To do. However, it is also assumed that it is difficult to perform drilling because the hard rocks 118... Are dispersed in a wide range in the Kikai Caldera 112 and the like. Suppose that it is preferable to search for a portion of the magma hole 120 to be connected where the upper rock is of a relatively soft quality and to drill through it to partially remove the magma.

  FIG. 13 shows one method of making a large hole in the ground (plate) (including the seabed) 125 to eliminate a part of the inner magma 126. For example, a drilling circle 127 having a large diameter is set, A number of drills 128 are driven along the circle, and finally the rock mass 125 is punched out so as to be connected as one circle 127 so as to eliminate the magma 126 inside. When punching the bedrock 125, it can be easily punched under the upward pressure from the magma 126 side. Here, as shown in FIG. 14, when the drill 128 is driven in an urban area on the ground, an oblique driving method is adopted.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Installation base 2 ... Prop 3 ... Lower spiral staircase 10 ... First midway landing 15 ... Upper spiral staircase 20 ... Second midway landing 25 ... Roof refuge.

Claims (1)

  A pillar is erected vertically on the installation base, and a plurality of treads are arranged in a spiral shape around the pillar to form a staircase, and an evacuation base is formed at the upper end of the pillar. A tsunami evacuation device in which a flat surface-shaped midway landing area having a width corresponding to a plurality of treads is formed at a position in the middle of climbing the stairs.